f GIVES | ROMANES LECTURE: Former President of United States at Oxford I LORD CURZON IN THE CHAIR •taetacwlaw Treater Crowded With OWi»f.*.'«d People W**« Amer •cm Talks m ~8*otog—ta of life and death, of birth group and change, between those phyalcai groups of animal life which • e deotgnme os ope* test forms, races and the highly cample* and composite entities which rise before our minds when we speak of na'icm* and rirt Usance* It la this study, bo assert ed. that hss given srtewae Its present day | ruso-tM «*w. and the historian of amekted trust work la the scientific •p!r*t at d use the treat-are-houses of acfcnce Te Ultmtrat- the lertarer took sev eral metaac—• of (he developc ent of new aperies aad the extinction of spe cie* in the history of c aoicu lien life, shewing that la seam eases the causes cua be traced with c e »idrc*N> sees rary. sad la other rases we cannot so ■irk as Lizard a rues* as to wLy a gives charge aegurred. Arising.'* Is Human History, femttaulag. Mr RoomtiIi said la C*rt »•« m t» >:> '4—an ybrMawn n (tw •Mb a* »?—-•*-«. I'*u ar* «f not ban - in*, af ImH t*ru.» atialuctaa. la tt— ta *«r at tium owla f* • kir-fT at «t— rlaa ta f—rarti-t—. af tfaa |ai at a at c* nfk at ’' a Im» grrar. a. a - aa «. ant t»lk ar tnra tm n af • ■ — *rt »— at rarjrli.* > 'at a ■ r farm m-c— ar asttoaa Aa 4a kin kngy aa ta l.-mva k'atorr. a a—a fr—aa aaag rraatt fr —a tt— *a—laUxa Oii af a k -ng —atari ant tlb-rto rrry at-• tv <*>•*;«( frt.— u’.anf or aoa •*— an* tara*, aa. tar liattav. aka • tar fear— rat (Tar* a tafiatr at nanaa aatt-atr tanntm* a aawr naglrl i-alti •atka ant rfttirauai Tin ta a* af oc rarwl far <• aw«n Eataya *'-- »<# •!- -• • nn at t»- TnutonVr ant la’-rr fta t !•>*. tiat -tkat- 1.1 —tm Cram f"— a -*a All ti - mt—4 o-arVi af ••am n> f t* ar- tat fr m tin #"»■»* ifet'-I kf « ** aar * -r« tmtm *!a finl >-rra’at it—V n—M I— rati—d ”baa“ — Taunt'* atatra ta tta arnaa fkkt k-rt ar a£l r- fla k*(k r—aakua'-.g ' H— a-ra kwakt fr-tn rama ffkat ‘ kirk—a* t ag M fc—», ilifkaaf at ali. ant ; Hat tt—-far— kr ft— fir—r ftn— —o4-r-t —a II— ram—r aT r»—1 iw..aun1‘M . la fk— Bw*kff» a art at a-vf—ra k. r -I— fka —a atataa tkaa ft rnf I maalrtnt ta 1 kafir at ft— laf—kttaa'a arraatr to l‘— Ian J aatar fta (toat — air*, aat M aaa »— fka* fk— —a tl> fk—t tiraf lc—fc a*—*— T>;< ~g • a r-Vi a*l«— u—kr kt— tk—a aafaatat kark l-fca it— raft tear—a frato rkid It- la-. art—• I .at roar, ••f 1 n«»»l art Jr aatfeaoa fe If—t tk- r*aa at raaaaaa*jh— arttk aaa-aflallg tkr fa—a rtattaattaa aa If—fr auult—ra arrfiton Umfk la I— r—an n.-.Ml—a. •akka tka arafkirr- raaaaaaatttaa. tt—va lafntoi a «f a—— t.-r—a, an* to aar a r» - r»— ar— rtattaat » ftaa «M fraH—k at kra a “ton— Iratrra from tk— •ana ant ►!»««— af If, caaOcw •b—f »'<*• tt— aa rtk F«!r-t t« i—ti— «ka sjr* I— ua-t auk a t» aat Car tatk. MlhtiSnfk —HMM'.unraau to ffflf aarar at tt— —or 4 aa uM ta lor a—- 'if aa to tka aM dif la aoaataga. Wtarta or *•--»., a— «- - --—urn-ilt r fvri.l— mt artit I:<«l.a4ar t -kat. kuf tor avr.fiI I |— If ri. .1 ratIgn ryi tara la aa ft* to aaa rwa aa to «- aftirr \ :® * —fa ta aat a—aa far a ■tnanrat •*« *r*at >!*•»- ara aat pniitm It kr tk— 1— mt of tatola* altar-aa a n-vfc Cntol—* —tag mr *-jr1aa t—<—» to rt— «—4*4naJ 1 kaa r at tt* ram I a—ratp a—a a n—t (kr —■ rar ra; L .irrj ta ft— aa— to nark maa Wa - ia f»—1ila* «f i*aaatiana •r Affarraka-a ft -rriM ar Afrtaanilrra Ft *» un» u e .. B ... ,.t Pttbttt baHag ilal to* *»-»ik au k aaa U- Ifanluia of the Son* wt-tkktw conquer u4 trans form Normandy. Bklly, and tha British Wanda: *• saa K In an entirely different sens*- from that la which we use It when •peaking of tbs new slates that grew up srouad Warms a. KM. Koigorod. and Moscow, as the wild sat ages of the steppes and tha mart! y forests struggled haltingly and stumbll-igly upward to be* cams build*rs of cities and to form stable gsatetmnenta Tbs kingdoms of Charlemagne and Alfred were "new." comps red with tha empire on the Bos pbwws ther were also In every may dif ferent . thsir ‘Ires of ancestral descent had nothing In •uoatiow with those of the pwrcmt realm a nich paid tribute to the Caesars of Byzantium: their social prob lems and afrertlme history were totally | d.ffcrent. This Is not true of those "new" » «tlon» which -or-r:jc d.rect from old na il as Brazil. **-e Argentine, the Cnltcd Stales, are atl new" nations, compared will th* Mlltna of Europe, but with whatever c! im *n detail, their clv’liza t*a Is nevertheless of the general Kuro |en type, as shown In Portugal. Spain, and England. The d:fferen-,-# between »he»# “near" American and these "ohl" 1 • t< pean nations ar# not as great as those wht h aeparato the “new" nations one fro** another and tlie "old" nations one from another There are in each case tery real differences between the new and '■ * old n*'hi—diffi-rer< es both for good and for rtil but In each rase there Is tie sain* ancestral history to reckon with, •be earn* lype of <1* ilization. with Its at tendant benefits and shortcomings: and. after th* pioneer stage* ere passid. th# problem# to he solved. In spite of superfi cial differences, are In their essence tbs wan e r iey ore those that confront all Hilliard |ee| .-v n»t those that confront struggling from barbarism Into cdvjtlzaUoa. fr*. when we *f*e&k of the "d^sth" of • tribe, * «*•»-»r or a cl vitiation the term ®*T be uwo.j * *r ettiar um c*r two totally dTro-nt pro*-'**-*. i(m analogy with • *at cun.u «•» blrtogtcal history being comp ete OrtsJti tribe* of savage*, the T us mania ri* for Inatam e. aiul various Ut* tie <.:«ni of Atoorlcan Indians. ha»e within the bst rtnfury or two completely died oa*: all «*f tie Individual* have perished. ie»\ !ng no d«*>*endanta and the blood has disappeared. Certain other tribes of Indiana have a* trib~e disappeared or are now disappearing: but their blood r*-tna2?.s. being absorbed Into the veins of tbe white Ir.tvuiler*. or of the black men I: 'rudure-d by thee# white Intruder*: so «i *» I* reality they ere merely being lrtagfiymjs4 Into something absolutely different fr«»m what tlejr were. * like w le diversity In fact may be em«*r?-d In tt e statement Xl*at a civilian Uaa baa "died out" PHerofrcna That Puzzle. la dewili j* not with groups of human being « In s.ropt* and primiti ve relations, but w irh higt ly complex, highly special ised. ow Miir4 of ti.*« ptienoniei a In the growth and disappear*re e «»f there com p‘et. *rf!fir j| group* of human beincrs ftsemble what ha* happened In Divrlada of ;:.*•*;« r* i* li e tie turf of life on this planet. 1% I y do great srtffk'at empire*, whose r^T1 ■'**** sr# knit by a bond of speech and e ixitif b sun* than by a bond of e:-*»w per?<»*j of extraordinary gf w t v. and ag. n «»f sudden <»r lingering de-sy? la *u*ns ca-*s we can answer rt* - IT enougn; in o!h*r cases w*e ran fas jet *;#.n fv-« what the proper answer • #uld U If in any such case tie cwaftnfu gal f'-r- ex oven on* the cen ertp**.;. t*e latloei »1U *»f course fly to and «>• reaaon for Ita failure to ' - ■ •: * • C .'vlotr.1 fi r.e la p*;ient to f one The minute that the spirit BlJnfc fr .la f»a heaiti.y development In ke al Mlf-p.v*tBn*lll. and In the antidote to the dat f* ri <.f an *»lrtoi* ***(ra!tia tiott. dev a Into m*re p*r*.irularism. Irto Inability to rombino eTectlvely for a » eiieot of a common *ih tie It I* tvopeter* to eape.-t treat results. Poland a <1 ..rt*ia republics of the western H^pfcna are the standard example, f - lots '>f thla k.nd. and the United Flute* would have ranked w..h them, and ita mu. 4 l ava le-orr-e a byword of deri*- n. if tha force* of union had not tt -d In tha civil war So the cruwt of a*.ft luxury after it has reached a certain p-*1nf i*M.m*s a nations' danger *« all A* .:n. It needs hut little of tt*e v ali r. of a *. er to foretell what must » ap.-n In at.r • immunity If the averse* ■oman re*«es t« baronto tho mother of a f it > of hex I, hy «•!, Idren If the avrraaa miji loee. the will and the |<,»,r t0 work up to #4d a*e and to r,e. t whenever tha nee*t-.rixe* If tie homely, eou.moTiplat-a V in -a die out. If strength of character *eni* -e» In graceful Pelf-Indulgence, if the virile tvl-a atrophy. then the nation • . ,t slat no material prosperity can Offset. >'■' there are p>. nty o? other phenom et a Wholly „r pnnlally Inexplicable It la ea.T to aee wl y Home trend. J downward •hen rreat aiave-tilled farms spread over w Xt had ..te* been a . ountryside of feasant proprietors, when dreed and lux ury mure than the seventeenth century. H.-iUi.tl. like a..me of the Italian city at an earlier period, ste barn Indedn.tely postponed: but It I <**» f*f quieter Ilian It needed to come. *»*-'*•> «f airtomtr.ra on ter part to ; wet b both Creat Br!U» itJ the t’nlled | b.ales nouid he a .*• to pay heed Her ! pF*«mwm was t.Bs kierty loefTectlve. the ewentratisatlcka being such as often to ! fkeindt tt- seT«eatlat. the paru. ulurlst. I rfktrtl of lb# pro. ite-ea to rolt the central j auu. 'ty of alt elBi-earj This was bud emuirb. But the fatal weakness was that ' ae rsaoBkon la ra-h. pet. e-lnvlnc societies. ; • '-tff rr*rn lnjklc i© think of vat as posni t-kt try t© Justify theftr own ntacUset la fe-e H either by hlfli aoumlmf moral platitl ies or elaa by a philosophy of UiinoiitiM materialism. The Dutch : were eery wealthy Tliey grew to be te.e tl at they twuld Lira other* to do i their fighting for them on land: and on sea, where they did their own fighting, and (ought very well, they refused In time of peace to make ready fleets so ef ficient as either to Insure the Dutch against the peace being broken or else to give tbem the victory when war came. To be opulent and unarmed is to secure ease In the present at the almost certain cost of disaster in the future. It Is therefore easy to see why Holland lost when she did her position among the powers: but it Is far more difficult to ex plain why at the same time there should have come at least a partial loss of posi tion In the world of art ami letters. Borne spark of divine fire burned Itself out In the rational soul. As the line of great statesmen, of great warriors, by land and sea, came to an end. so the line of the great Dutch painters ended. The loss of pre~en.lr.enre In the schools followed the loss of pre-eminence In camp and In council chamber. In the little republic of Holland, as In the great empire of Home, It was not death which came, but transformation. Both Holland and Italy teach us that races that fall may rise again. Danger of Race Suicide. There ere questions which we of the great civilised nations are ever tempted to ask of the future. Is our time of growth drawing to an end? Are we as nations soon to come under the rule of that great law of death, which is Itself but part of the great law of life? None can telL Forces that we can see and other forces that are j hidden or that can but dimly be appre hended are at work all around us, both for good and for evil. The growth In lux ury. In love of ease, in taste for vapid and frivolous excitement, is both evident end unhealthy. The most ominous sign is the diminution in the birth-rate, in the rate of natural Increase, now to a larger or lesser degree shared by most of the civilixed nations of central and western Europe, of America and Australia; a dim inution so great that If It continues for the next century at the rate which has ob tained for the last '£> years, all the more highly civilized people will be stationary or else have begun to go backward in population, while many of them will have already gone very far backward. There Is much that should give us con cern for the future. But there is much also which should give us hope. No man Is more apt to be mistaken than the prophet of evil. I believe with all my heart that a great future remains for us; hut whether it does or does rot, our duty Is not altered. However the bat tle may go. the soldier worthy of the name will with utmost vigor do his al loted task, and bear himself as valiant ly In defeat as in victory. Come what will, we belong to peoples who have not yielded to the craven fear of being great, in the ages that have gone by. the great tuitions, the nations that have ex panded and that have played a mighty part In the world, have In the end grown old and weakened and vanished; hit so have the nations whose only thougtit was to avoid all danger, all ef fort, who would risk nothing, and who therefore gained nothing In the end the Fame fate may overwhelm all alike; but the memory of the one type perishes with it while the other leaves its mark deep cn the history of all the future of man kind. In the iirst part of this lecture I drew certain analogies between what had oc curred to forms of animal life through t! e procession of the ages on this planet, and what has occurred and Is occurring to the geeat artificial civilizations which have gradually spread over the world’s surface during the thousands of years that have elapsed since cities of temples and palaces first rose beside the Nile and the Euphrates, and the harbors of M'noan Crete bristled with the masts of the Aegean craft. But of course the parallel is true only In the roughest and most general way. Moreover, even to-tween the civilizations of today and the civilizations of ancient times there are differences so profound that we must be cautious In drawing any conclusions for the present based on what has hap pened In the past. While freely admit ting all of our follies and weaknesses of today. It is yet mere perversity to refuse 10 leallze the Incredible advance that has b*en made in ethical standards. I do not believe that there Is the slightest nec 1 -nary connection between any weaken ing of virile force and this advance In the moral standard, this growth of the s*'nse of obligation to one's neighbor and ef reluctance to do that neighbor wrong. We need have erant patience with that •Illy cynicism which insists that kindli ness of character only accompanies weakness of ,-haracier. On the contrary', lust as in private life many of the men rit strongest character are the very men !’t loftiest and most exalted morality, so I believe tl.at In national life as the ages go by we shall find that the permanent national types will more and more lend towards those In which, while the Intel lect stands high, character stands higher: :n which rugged strength and courage, rugged capacity to resist wrongful ag gression by others, will go hand In hand with a lofty scorn of doing wrong to oth ers. This Is the type of Ttmoleon, of Hampden, of Washington and IJncoln. Problems of Modern Nations. Every modern civilized nation has many »nd terrible problems to solve within Its own borders problems that arise not merely from Juxtaposition of poverty and -l.-he*. hut especially from the self-ron o-lousness of both poverty and riches. Each nation must deal with these mat ora In Its own fashion, and yet the spirit n which the problem Is approached must tver be fundamentally the same. It must tie a spirit of broad humanity: of brotherly kindness, of acceptance of re sponsibility. one for each and each for ill: and at the same time a spirit as re mo'e as the poles from every form of weakness and sentimentality. As In war to pardon the coward Is to do cruel wrong to the brave inan whose life his cowardice Jeopardizes, so In civil affairs It is revolting to every principle of Justice to give to the lazy, the vicious, or ei»-a the feeble and dull-witted, a reward which Is really the robbery of what braver, wiser, abler men have earned. The only effective way to help any man Is to help him to help himself; and the worst lesson to teach him Is that he can be permanently helped at the expense of some one else. True liberty shows itself to best advantage In protecting the rights tf others, and especially of minorities. Privilege should not be tolerated because It is to the advantage of a minority, nor >et because It la to the advantage of a majority. No doctrinaire theories of vested rights or freedom of contract ran stand In the way of our cutting out nbus«* from the body politic. Just a lit tle can we afford to follow‘the doctrin aires of an Impossible—and Incidentally of a highly undesirable—social revolution which. In destroying Individual rights (including property rights) and the fam ily. would destroy the two chief agents In the advance of mankind, and the two chief reasons why either the advance or the preservation of mankind la worth I while It la an evil and a dreadful thin* to be callous to sorrow and suffering, ari blind to our duty to do all things possible for ths betterment of social conditions. But it is an unspeakably foolish thin* to strive for this betterment by means so destructive that they would leave no so cial conditions to better. In dealing with all these social problems, with the Inti mate relations of the family, with wealth In private use and business use. with la bor. with poverty, the one prime neces sity is to remember that, though hard ness of heart Is a great evil, it is no greater an rvll than softness of head. But in addition to these problems ths most Intimate and Important of all which to a larger or less degree affect all the modern nations somewhat alike, wm of the great nations that have expanded, that are now In complicated relations with one another and with alien races, havo special problems and special duties of our own. You belong to a nation which pos sesses the greatest empire upon which tho sun has ever shone. I belong to r natioa which Is trying, on a scale hitherto snex ampled. to work out the problems of gov ernment for, of, and by the people, whils at the same time doing the International duty of a great power. But there are certain problems which both of us have to solve, and as to which our standards should be the same. The Englishman, the man of the British Isles. In his various homes across the seas, and the Ameri can, both at home and abroad, are brought Into contact with utterly alien peoples, some with a civilization more an cient than our own. others still In. or having but recently arisen from, the bar barism which our people left behind ages ago. The problems that arise are of well nigh Inconceivable difficulty. They cannot be solved by the foolish sentimentality of stay-at-home people, with little patent recipes, and those cut-and-drled theories of the political nursery which have such limited applicability amid the crash of elemental forces. Neither can they be solved by the raw brutality of the men who. whether at home or on the rough frontier of civilization, adopt might ns the only standard of right in dealing with other men. ami treat alien races only as subjects for exploitation. No hard and fast rule can be drawn as applying to all alien races, because they differ from one another far more wide ly than some of them differ from us. But there are one or two rules which must not be forgotten. In the long run. there can be no Justification fer one race man aging or controlling another unless ths management and control are exercised In the Interest and for the benefit of that other race. This is what our peoples have In the main done, and must con tinue In the future in even greater de gree to do. In India. Egypt, and the Phil ippines alike. In the next place, as re gards every race, everywhere, at home or abroad, we cannot afTord to deviate from the great rule of righteousness which bids us treat each man on his worth as a man. He must not be senti mentally favored because he belongs to a given race: he must not be given Im munity in wrong-doing, or permitted to cumber the ground, or given other privi leges which would he denied to the vicious and unfit among themselves. On the other hand, where he acts In a way which would entitle him to respect and reward If he were of our own stock, he is Just as much entitled to that respect and reward If he comes of another Stock, even though that other stock pro duces a much smaller proportion of men of his typo than does our own. This has nothing to do with social Intermingling, with what Is called social equality. It has to do merely with the question of do ing to each man and each womsn that elementary justice which will permit him or her to gain from life the reward which should always accompany thrift, snhriety. self-control, respect for ths rights of others, and hard and intelli gent work to a given end. To more than such Just treatment no man is entitled, and less than such just treatment no man should receive. Duty of Nation to Nation. The other type of duty !■ the interna tional duty, the duty owed by one na tion to another. I hold that the lawn of morality whlrh should govern Individu als In their dealings one with the other are Just as binding concerning nations in their dealings one with the other. The application of the moral law must be different In the two cases, because in one case It has. and In the other It has rot. the sanction of a civil law with force behind It. The individual can depend for his rights upon the courts, which them selves derive their force from the police power of the state. The nation can de pend upon nothing of the kind; and therefore, as things are now. It is the highest duty of the most advanced and freest peoples to keep themselves In such a stale of readiness ns to forbid to any barbarism or despotism the hope of ar resting tve progress of the world by stri king down the nations that lead In that progress. It would be foolish indeed to pay heed to the unwise persons who de sire disarmament to be begun by the very peoples who. of all others, should not be left helpless before any possible foe. Rut we must reprobate quite as strongly both the leaders and the people* who practise, or encourage or condone, aggression and Iniquity by the strong at the expense of the weak. We should tol erate lawlessness and wickedness neither by the weak nor by the strong; and both weak and strong we should In return treat with scrupulous fairness. The for eign policy of a great and self-respecting country should be conducted on exactly the same plane of honor, of Insistence upon one’s own rights and of respect for the rights of others, as when a brave and honorahle man is dealing with his fel lows Permit me to support this state ment out of my own experience. For nearly eight years I wns the head of a great nation and charged especially with the conduct of Its foreign policy; and during those years I took no action with reference to any other people on the face of the earth that I would not have felt Justified In taking as an Individual In dealing with other Individuals. I believe that we of the great civilized nations of today have a right to feel that long carerrs of achievement He befor* our several countries. To each of us 1* vouchsafed the honorable privilege of do ing his part, however small, in that work. Let us si rive hardily for success, even if by so doing we risk failure, spurning the poorer souls of small endeavor who know neither failure nor success. Let ua hope that our own blood shall continue In the land, that our rhildren and chil dren's children to endless generation* shall arise to take our place* and play a mighty and domlnnnt part in the world. But whether tilt* be denied or granted by the years we shall not see. let at least the satisfaction be ours that we have carried onward the lighted torch In our own day and generation. If we do this, then, as our eyes close, and we go out Into the darkness, and other hands grasp the torch, at least we can say that our part has been borne well and vallantiy. THE BEST THAT If ORGAN GOT laW*n fwetw M«r Keep la Maury On* Man Ma UvU Tba ycrm of the wkir day about Mayor Gayar aM a MIMjf recall* ■Miker act Gayar, yoa kaow. *iepi ml Ike Hotel Actor om night. bar leg kM* kMalM tken rrry lata, la the aanttag ha eauida t bad hi* way to dw rhrratar. and a«t an* at tk* pert yoelha aha UwwUat (ha hotel goect 'Aw. fader »ar mm.' said tha kid. *1 ain't snt aa time t* bother »«’ My. Gayanr • ham alumalfly led | and charily Mica rirf lad hlia to tha errai - (ha hay's cum )r< p*— ia Broadway, with tnatraa nr_M May oat U tha Actor torever -Mf |! urcff"* t« * reporter tha m that J Pkarpaat klorgch cut taa Sa U with a awala*. Mr. Margaa. r-r cnnw. !• Icpartoaa and Ha apaaka la Croat*. Mica tha cr*m I* *■* raaddy later _ Ssiafiid — 4a ar-dS ‘•*aW preti-d by kl« unfortunate opposite, he nan. Oa this occasion Mr. Morgan had gone to one aI the tig uptown hotels to attend a banquet. He asked a large [ erf on at (be entrance where be could find the banqueting ball. The large person sent hltn along, and Mr. Morgan nest met a hall porter who had last been discharged and was looking for a chance to get even. Mr. Morgan grunted Inquiringly. The por ter grunted sullenly. “M ubwuhwuh." gmnted Mr. Mor *** "Wth-wab-wsh." growled the por ter. ' How dare you?** asked Morgan. “Say," said the porter, belligerently, “I don't know who you are, you old akeeticks. but If you unpin that lip uh jiura again I'll hang a brace on It* “My name la Morgan.- said the banker. Indignantly. “Well," said the porter, after look tag bins over carefully, “you look It." And that's the beat that Morgan am n—ina Traraler. Mummified Head* Scarce. Mummified beads of South Amer ican Indians belonging to a tribe Ur ic* on the slopes of the Andes near Quito. In Ecuador, once so easily pur chased. are becoming extremely scarce. The head is shrunk by some seciet process known only to the na tives, being thus reduced from life size, nine or ten Inches from tip of chia to top of head, to five Inches. The curious thing Is that the head can be reduced in this fashion without destroying the features. These heads, some of which are of great antiquity, are now almost impossible to procure. Their sale Is forbidden by law.— Wide World Magazine. Satirical Voltaire. One day some mice said to one an other: “How charming Is this world! What an empire is ours! This palace so superb was buUt for as; from all eternity Qod made for us these large boles. Do you see those fat hams un der that dim celling? They were cre ated there for us by Nature's bands; those mountains of lard. Inexhausti ble ailment. wUl fee ours till the end of time. Yes, we are. great God. If our sages tell us the truth, the mas terpiece. the aim, of all Thy work! Cats are dangerous and prompt to de vour, but It Is to Instruct and correct us!”—Voltaire. Common Law. The common law of England Is an ancient collection of unwritten max ims and customs of British, Saxon and Danish origin, whicb, by long use and approval, have become fundamental in English jurisprudence. Many of the principles of the English common law hold In this country and throughout the English speaking world as welt Romance. "It seems she did something rather odd—wedded her first love or some such silly thing." “No. It was far more remarkable—loved her first wed ded."—Smart SeL Another View of It There Is s quality of possible re venge In having stuck like s porous piss ter to an unworthy friend. It hurts him all right when you do pull sway finally.—Puck. NEWS FROM THE CAPITAL CITY Items of Interest Around the State House Adjutant General Issues Orders. Adjutant General John C. Hartlgan has issued an order requiring all ar mories of the Nebraska national guard to be draped in mourning for thirty days in testimony of respect to the memory of ex-Governor John H. Mickey. Ex-Governor Mickey, while serving as governor was. by virtue of j his office, commander-in-chief of the Nebraska national guard. General Hartigan s order is as follows: Lincoln, Neb., June 2.—With sorrow the commander-in-chief announces the death of ex-Governor John H. Mickey, which occurred June 2. 1910. Governor Mickey was born on a farm near Burlington. Ia.. September 30, 1815; was educated in the district schools and Iowa Wesleyan univer sity. He was a soldier of the civil war and served with credit and honor as a member of the Eighth Iowa cavalry. 1S63-5; served as a member of the Nebraska house of representatives 1S81-2, and was chosen governor of Nebraska November. 1902, and served four years in that office. Governor Mickey was always inter ested in the progress and advance ment of the great state which honored him. and which he honored, and in his passing the state suffers irrepara ble loss. • All armories of the Nebraska na tional guarl will be draped in mourn ing for the next thirty days In testi money of respect to the memory of this soldier and statesman. By order of the governor. JOHN C. HARTIGAN, Adjutant General. State Treasurer’s Report. State Treasurer Brian’s re|vort for 1 the month of May shows $135,567 in i the genera! fund, an unusual amount 1 in this fund, and $214,617 in the perma nent school fund. The general fund is needed to pay current expenses which will probably be in excess of the receipts during .the summer months. The permanent school fund will be needed to pay for bonds which the state has contracted for as an in vestment. The amount in the temporary school fund, $336,383. will be paid out im mediately on the semi-annual appor tionment for the benefit of the public schools. , j On the first of May the treasurer had a total balance of $628,403.43. He now has a balance of $876,410.68. Of i that amount cash and cash items amounting to $92,938.47 is on hand and $783,427.21 Is cash in state depository banks. The total amount of state trust funds now Invested is $8,547,564.41. This is invested in bonds of other j states, county, municipal and school I district bonds Issued in Nebraka, ' with th^ exception of $16S,1S3.36 which j is invested in university fund war-1 rants. The following trust funds are now j invested and drawing interest. Permanent school .$7,785,347.92. Permanent university .... 179.691.30 ! A. C. E. endowment. 604,708.18 | Normal endowment . 77.S17.21 Total.$3,547,546.61 D:scontinue Mail Weighing. Orders have been issued from the Lincoln office of the railway mail ser- j vice directing the discontinuance of | weighing mail on all trains which' leave terminal points within its juris- j diction after June 1st. Weighing will j be stopped at the same time all over the territory in which it has been In progress. It was commenced In Feb ruary and extended over a period of 103 days. No figures are as yet avail able for a comparison with four years ago. but officials in the railway mail service estimate that the increase in tonnage will range from 30 to 35 per cent. Cement Walk for Capitol Grounds. The board of public lands and build ings has some money left for repairs on the capitol grounds and contem plates spending it for cement walks on a portion of the grounds. The board has examined plans submitted by Architect Ber'.inghof for a cement walk to extend from the northwest corner diagonally through the grounds to the southeast corner of the lawn, by way of the south side of the build ing. State Owes Penitentiary for Light. ! It is estimated by Warden T. D. j Smith that the electric light furnished I by the penitentiary for the capitol. j governor's mansion and orthopedic i hospital and home for the friendless' since April 1. 1909, to the present time, j at the low price of three cents per kilowatt is worth $5.6”5. Dynamiter of Fish. Deputy Game Warden Boehler has prosecuted Willard Beasley of Syra cuse, on the charge of fishing with dynamite in the Little Nemaha river. Mr. Bishop May Go to Ames. State Superintendent E. C. Bishop has just received notice of his election by the Iowa state board of control to a position in the public school division of the extension department of Ames college. The salary offered him is considerably better than bis present position pays. His work is to begin at the close of his present term as state superintendent of Nebraska. He has net yet accepted the position, but the proposition is one that appeals to him. and it is probable that he will accept. Wheat Crop Improved. According to the weekly cron re port of the Burlington, the condition of winter wheat has shown some im provement in several sections of the state. This is attributed to the late rains. The crop in the Wymore divi sion Is now placed at 50 per cent of a normal yield. In the Lincoln. Omaha and McCook division the crop, it is estimated, will yield from three-fourtbs to two-thirds of the usual harvest. Most of the corn in these divisions is low up. A great deal of It had to be | replanted because of the cold weather. HIS ME1URIS SINCERE REGRET IN HOME AT OSCEOLA. HAPPENINGS OVER THE STATE What la Going on Here and There That Is of Interest to the Read ers Throughout Nebraska and Vicinity Osceola. Neb.—Tbe death of former Governor John H. Mickey caused gen uine regret in Osceola, where he has lived so long and been so prominently identified with the business, religious and social welfare of the town. While his death has been anticipated for! r- — I several days. It was a shod: to his close friends, who had hoped he might rally. All the immediate members cf the family were at the family home st the time of Mr. Mickey's demise. During the day many messages o£ •ondolence were received from friends in different parts of the state. _ i Kearney Boosters Return. Kearney, Xeb.—Tired and covered with the dust and dirt of 200 miles of i travel in automobiles, Kearney's Com- ! mercial club boosters pulled into their • home town at 6:30 Thursday. Every j man wore marks of the journey and spoke in'tones but little over a whis per. The trip was a success. The boosters passed through fourteen dif ferent towns and were greeted by nearly S.000 people. Small towns along the route were decorated in honor of the boosters, and banners hanging across the street told of allegiance they held for Kearney in the capital ! removal fight. The boosters were j served a dinner by the ladies of Sum ner. At Callaway, where the excur- [ sionists put up for the night, a ban quet was served by the aCllaw ay Com mercial club. Clay County’s Field Meet. Clay Center, Xeb.—The closing j events of the high school of Clay county were concentrated in an an nual field day meet here Thursday, in which the schools of Sutton. Harvard, Fairfield. Edcar and Clay Center par ticipated. followed by a class play in ! the opera house by the Clay Center school, entitled “Old Eli.’ The field events were held on the fair grounds, where there is a good half mile track and ball grounds, with good amphitheaters for each. The at tendance was between 2.000 and 2,500, as indicated by the gate receipts. A fine trorhv in the form of a loving cup was hung up for the first time this year to be awarded for three successive winnings. Burled Under Fall of Roof. Palmyra. Xeb.—Tuesday whtle Charles Law-rence, living west of here, was removing the dirt from the roof of a cave with a horse and scraper, the roof fell in precipitating Mr. Law rence and his ten-vear-old daughter to the floor below. The neighbors were summoned and when extricated both father and daughter though bad ly exhausted and bruised requiring medical attention, escaped without any broken hones. Yearly Meeting of Friend*. Cen’ra! City. Neb.—The yearly meet ing of" Friends, including Nebraska. South Dakota and Colorado, is in ses sion here. There are about a hundred delegates present. The opening meet ing was held In the Friends church. The time was principally occupied with the appointment of committees and the reading of epistles from other years’ meetings. Fairbury Elks to Build Home. Fairbury, Neb.—Now that Fairbury is a city of the first class, the Elks are busy Installing a lodge. Fifty-two merchants and professional men of the city made application the first of this week. Plans for Sunday School Convention. Beatrice. Neb. — Arrangements lave been completed for the entei tainment of delegates to the annua! state Sunday school convention which will be held in Beatrice. Tuesday. Wednesday and Thursday of next week. Court Term Postponed. Hastings, Neb.—The spring term of the district court, which was set to begin June 1. has by order of Judge Dungan been postponed until June 9. Beatrice Votes Water Works Bonds. Beatrice, Neb.—At a special election Beatrice voted $70,000 bonds for water works extension and a munici pal light plant. A total of 914 votes were cast. 703 being in favor of the proposition and 211 against. Putting In Sewerage System. Hebron, Neb.—Work is progressing on the laying of the sewer and water pipes here. It is proposed to cover the entire city and allow everybody the use of water, lights and sewerage. I NEBRASKA HAPPENiNGs. I State News and Notes in C Form. Ainsworth has voted $12. school bonds. Many farmers in Dodge ar ; < ders counties have been t\, their corn. A newspaper plant on which is a $500 mortgage, sold the c., in Beatrice fer one sawbuck. West Lincoln citixens are n . \ cerned over the proposition to * lish a saloon in that suburban v The Modern Woodman camp of r acuse held a largely attended ban and is planning for a big picnic July 21 Sadian Shslly died at the G. Shepherd convent at Omaha Tuesii.■.> afternoon, after a short illness. Sae was 100 years old. A single acre of ground, un'm proved except for a fence. 1> :ng just outside the town of Auburn, sold the other day for $1,500. — At a meeting of the Commercial club at Broken Bow It was decided to celebrate the Fourth of Juiv on a large scale this year. Harvard has voted in favor of a $20,000 school bond issue. The pres ent school btrlding is inadequate, and the funds will be spent in additions. A. L. Scutt. an old and esteemed resident and a member of the G. A. R. of Fullerton, died Saturday morninj after an illness of several months. The Wymore fire department at a special meeting decided definitely to celebrate the Fourth of July. Plans will be perfected at a special meeting. At a mass meeting to be held June 29 Fremont will decide whether to have Billy Sunday, the revivalist, come to Fremont for a series of meet' ings. A large number of the farmer? ot Boone county are replanting a part of their corn. Ijue plowing Is in need of rain. Early plowing is not suffer ing to any extent as yet. The Peru norma! senior class pre sented over one hundred dollars worth of scenery used In the rendition of "When Knighthood Was in Flower." to the school as a memorial. . “Daisy" Dean, one of the best ' known Missouri Pacific engineers in Nebraska, and who ran the Auburn- m Omaha train for years, died at St. Jo seph the other day of heart failure. At a meeting of the Arapahoe busi ness men a complete organization ot the Arapahoe Commercial club was effected by adopting a constitution and choosing a hoard of management. The board of county commissioners of Colfax county adorted plans and ordered a cal! for bids for the con struction cf a thousand feet of steel and cement bridgs across the Platte river. The city of Omaha will be required to purchase the water works system of the Omaha Water Works company for $G.263,291.49 under a decis'on of the supreme court of the United States. The failure of a large part of the com to grow In Dodge and Saunders counties is said to be attributed to the fact that the ground is full of small worms which destroy the sprouts. J. F. Coates, from Waterloo. Neb., has identified the body found in the Platte river on May 25 as that of his father-in-iaw by name of Anderson, a / sheep-herder from Douglas. Wyoming, w ho disappeared March 30. Mrs. Bertha Jensen, one of the fac ulty at the institute for the blind at Nebraska City, resigned and leaves in a few days for London. England, to make her home with her father for merly of Nebraska City, and whose health is failing. Invitations to the annual commence ment exercises at the State University have been distributed. The invita tions are part bound in leather and part in paper. Over 3.000 were ordered by the upper classmen for distribu tion to their friends. The Hebron Light and Heating company turned their equipment over to the city, which owns the electric lighting system. They will consoli date it with the water pumping sta tion. New machinery will be put in and the lighting and watering of the city will hereafter he controlled by the city. me t ommerciai eras or central City has a secret committee for the purpose of investigating the creden tials of people soliciting aid for any purpose. If those are found to be sat- ^ tsfactory the committee gives them an endorsement, which leaves the busi ness men free to exercise their char ity as they may think fit. Without this ^endorsement the applicant has no show of collecting money. A marriage of special Interest to Nebraska people was solemnixed at St. Margaret's church In Washington, when Miss Laura Anneslcv Stotsen burg became the brde of Lieutenant Charles R. Mayo of the Tenth cavalry. The bride is the youngest daughter of the late Colonel John M. Stotseffburg. commander of the First Nebraska reg iment, who was killed in the Philip pines In 1899. Mike Teague, a fisherman near Gib son, was startled Monday afternoon to see the body of a man caught in the net which he was drawing in. He hauled the body into the boat and rowing ashore notified the police, who in turn notified the coroner. Members of the Lincoln Ad clnb and their friends to the number of seventy-eight went down to Beatrice and held a rousing meeting in the Commercial clnb rooms in the inter est of the movement now on for the development of systematiitng adver tising for Nebraska. The collapse of the Station B post office building at Lincoln a few days ago while it was being moved helped * in the delivery of one piece of mail I hat has been long delayed. It was i post card mailed seven years ago from Italy by Mrs. Cora Pitcher to Mrs. C. I. Jones. In some way it had become lost and when the building fell to pieces the post card came to light. It was delivered immediately after be ng found. Since the card waa writ ten Mrs. Pritcher has become Mrs Chauncey Chapman, and now Uvea lm Chicago.