The Marriage Vow
WHY SOME WOMEN AVOID CUPID
BY MISS DORA MAY MORRELL
* Many women will not marry be
cause they prefer to keep their indi
viduality as they cannot if they wed.
I They do not care to change their en
tire scheme of living to suit some
man. They are selfish? Perhaps, but
at least they make no one else the
victim of fheir fault.
The law in many states so discrim
inates against woman that it is an
argument against marrying to those
who know anything about it. The man,
generous fellow, says at his wedding,
“with all my worldly goods I thee
endow." and the wife who believes it
finds to her surprise that so far from
being the recipient of all his worldly
goods he owns even the garments she
wears. The woman who sees her as
sistant's salary drawn by the worth
less husband with whom she will nor
live, but who can live on her earn
ings, is not likely to think well of a
condition which permits the injustice;
she who reads of a child willed away
front its mother for no better reason
than (he malice of an, angry husband
is likely, to deliberate a little, for if
nature teaches anything or proves
anything, it is that the child is the
mother's. When the law gives chil
dren to their mothers it will do much
to make women wish to marry and to
become mothers. It may seem doubt
ful if these points in the law would
keep any woman from marrying, but
they have.
It is true that woman ioves her
freedom, perhaps the more that it is
so new to her. She realizes as no
man can the blessings which have
fceen his for ages to work as he will
und climb where daring leads, and she
longs to work, too, and to climb, to
make herself something to the big
(world. She loves the possibility of
ithis power so well that she will not
iresign it for an unworthy claimant.
The man who turns an earnest woman
•from the delights of congenial work
:and independence must be a man
'whom she loves mere than she does
iherseif. No imitation man attracts
her, for she counts the cost before
Ehe owns him "lord and master,” and
in spite of all the talk about the in
dependent woman and how she has
changed from the “clinging vine” va
riety she is like her of all bygone
days in that she never does love until
Jier heart tells her here is he who is
lord over her.
Women have so long been forgiving
to man's infidelities that it may be
surprising to be told that they have
kept women from marrying, yet the
statement is true. There are women
who have what is called instinctive
virtue and who have no comprehen
sion and can have none of the average
man's point of view. To such a one
it is monstrous that a man can be un
true to her before marriage as after.
She knows no reason why, he more
than she should seek illicit pleasures.
There are always in womanly
women two motives in marriage
strong within them, and it is often an
actual pain to act counter to them.
First of all is the desire for children.
After a woman has reached 30, unless
she is a shallow creature she regrets
that she does not know motherhood
A French woman once said to the
writer: "Of course, marriage is a.
necessary evil. Women don't expect
to he happy with their husbands, but
then there are the children, and one
lives again in them, and nas joy even
with the sorrow of years;” and the
woman who is childless loses all this,
her birthright.
Then another inducement to the
self-supporting woman toward matri
mony is the desire to belong to some
body. It is not that she wants a home
of her own—she has it as the fruit
of her labors and the independence
for which she pays the price; it is not
even for the sake of man’s society. !
These two influences w’lthin woman
kind fight for man, and either or both
is often stronger than her pleasure
in her work, her love of independence,
and all the reasons combined which
keep her single. Then weigh the bal
ance yet more with a man whom she
admires, honors and loves, and there
is but one reason why woman doss
not marry—she can not. Therefore,
if man wishes the data concerning
matrimony and educated women to
change he has simply to make him
self the man whom a woman of mind,
heart and character will desire, and
surely it is better to be chosen as a
fine type of higher manhood than as
the payer of bills. The man, not his
money, is the compliment such a
woman pays him when she ceases io
be the woman who does not wish to
marry. Let there be more men of that
stamp and the woman will be un
known who does not wish to marry.
(Copyright, by Joseph B. Bowles.)
MATRIMONIAL PARTNERSHIP
BY MRS. VIRGINIA VAN DEWATER
All the sentiment in the world does
not mask the fact that marriage is a
contract.
Xor does the marriage state lose one
iota of its solemnity and beauty by be
ing a business contract instead of a
mere gilden thread of very fragile and
fragible love vows.
For only by following out the con
tract idea and the partnership clause
therein implied can marital happiness
be made certain and permanent.
Sentiment in married life is very
beautiful. Without it such life is like
song-words without music. But when
sentiment ignores businesslike man
agement of domestic life it lapses
from sentiment (which is the essence
of iove) into sentimentality (whose
first ! tter is its only connecting bond
with "sanity’')!
True marriage should be a joint
partnership in which "the party of the
first part" and “the party of the sec
ond part" should (as in regular busi
ness firms) be permitted to do as he
or she pleases, allowing to the other
member of the firm the same priv
ilege; so long as neither does any
thing to endanger that firm's strength
and integrity.
Two men who enter business part
nership do not quarrel daily as to
which shall rule. There is no ques
tion of superiority or mastery. There
is equality, and the harmony that
nothing but equality can bring. Nag
ging, too, is a conspicuously absent
quantity in the equation. Were two
men to plunge into endless disputes
as to which was really the ruler, and
•were they to seek to win each point
by nagging, such a firm might, with i
rare good luck, endure for “one con
secutive day.”
Yet husband and wife who resort to
the same unpleasant tactics are ex
pected to remain as one until “death
them do part.”
If two people truly love each other
mere difference of opinion on a few—
or on many—subjects is no bar to hap
piness. The little differences of opin
ion amount to no real difference, and
with a tactful hand at the helm it is
easy to steer around the rocks. These
rocks are, after all, usually nothing
more formidable than pebbles.
It is hard to understand why the
early fathers did not enlarge the list
of seven deadly sins to eight, in order
to include nagging. Perhaps because
the example of Samson’s fall through
much nagging was then so much
fresher in people’s minds as to render
a separate warning on the subject
less necessary than now. It is a sin
that brings its own punishment. Note
Kipling's warning to his countrymen,
wTho are prone to nag and worry the
Hindu:
For the Christian riles
And the Aryan smiles.
And it weareth the Christian down.
Far more doth it wear down both
nagger and naggee in the married
"firm.”
Another rock whereon many a good
ly marital partnership has come to
grief is the subject of money. I truly
believe that the greatest drawback to
married happiness between persons
who love and trust each other is lack
of money.
There is still another phase of -mar
ried life wherein wife and husband
might profitably take a lesson from
business men: When two men have
formed a partnership neither inquires
into such details of the other's past as
the latter would fain leave buried.
Nor does either seek to regulate the
personal actions of the other.
I do not believe that if the average
woman saw her husband was willing
for her to have the same liberty as he
himself demands, she -would, as a rule,
complain or scold as often as she does
under other conditions. If a woman
insists on being unreasonable and on
complaining when the husband who
gives her her own way takes his way
in return she must expect that he will
do as he pleases—and not tell her.
That is the invariable result of fault
finding and criticism.
(Copyright, by Joseph B. Bowles.)
WHIST VERSUS ALGEBRA
Fo rmer Much Better for Mental |
Discipline, Declares a Prominent
Educator.
A certain prominent educator holds
to the belief that the study of alge
bra, firmly anchored upon the school
system of the country, is merely a
waste of time and a relic of barbar
ism. Being tactful as well as promi
nent, he says nothing about the mat
ter where it might reach the sensitive
sars of tradition, but his personal con
-viction is that a course in whist would
lie far more valuable training.
“The ancient defence for algebra—
jthe one always advanced ’—he says,
h‘is that it affords such valuable men
ial discipline. My observation among
(thousands of pupils of all grades has
-been that it is worse than useless for
brain exercise. It is nothing to any
pupil but a collection of formulae. It
Is properly a special subject, useful
'In a few'scientific employments.
“For a real mental discipline, one
that would require and inculcate log
ical thinking and train the mind while
affording opportunity for original
work, I should choose whist.
‘ As a good illustration of the re
sults of algebra, I recall a class of
high school teachers who were taking
a summer lecture course at a univer
sity. There were four algebra teach
ers among them. Invariably these
four were the ones who could not
grasp the subtle points, had not
heard what the professor said and
needed further explanation. They
spent most of their time in class wor
rying their neighbors with questions
and looking over their neighbor’s
shoulder for a glimpse of her note
book. There is no reasonable excuse
for fastening algebra upon the schools
as an absolute requirement.”
* - -
Right Side the Best.
“She is trying to get on the right
side of young Skads.”
“She knows that a man's right arm
is stronger than his left.”
Autumn Costumes
The costume at the left is of soft cloth in a "dregs of wine” shade,
trimmed with a heavy raised embroidery in the same shade. This embroidery
simulates a bolero and trims the underskirt.
The princess tunic is ornamented at the bottem with buttons and tjrms
a sort of tabier attached on each side to a girdle of the material, the rounded
ends of which are fastened with buttons.
The yoke is of white lace bordered on each side with a band of taffeta
or liberty.
The other costume is of plum-celorod taffeta or cloth. It forms a princess
tunic with little sleeves and is turned up at the bottom. It is ornamented in
front with straps of cord aDd passementerie buttons, and is finished around the
neck and sleeves with a cord embroidery.
The undersleeves are of Irish lace colored to match the gown, and the
little chemisette is of white tucked tulle. The lower part of the skirt is gath
ered at the top and set on underneath the tunic, forming a deep flounce.
YOUNG GIRL’S PARTY
—
Cream serge costumes are always
so nice, and this would bo a smart
style in which to make one. The skirt
is made with a seam up the left side
9'! front, it is wcnoped ami stitched
twice, and has si.‘»-covered buttons
sewn on the inside, ike semi-fitting
coat fasten* on the bust with buttons
and cords, braid to match is put twice
round the entire coat, and also edges
the sleeves.
Hat of w hite straw, trimmed with a
wreath of flowers.
Materials required: Six and one-half
yards serge 4S inches wide, seven
yards braid, two dozen buttons, ZVs
yards coat lining.
Blue Tweed Suit.
A tweed suit for the autumn is of
dark blue with a suggestion of pur
ple and sepia in the pattern. It has
a long coat, not fastened with the
ubiquitous three buttons above the
knee, but with a loose drooping belt
resting on the hips and falling lower
in front like a small boy’s “French"
suit. This belt and the facings of
the coat are of purple kid or fine
leather.
Toilet Powder.
For chafing or prickly heat, brown
flour in the skillet and sift twice until
fine. For ordinary use a preparation
of one-third boric acid to two-thirds
cornstarch is suffcient.
CHARACTER REVEALED BY HAT
The Gtservant Can Tell at a Glance
What Manner of Person Is
Wearing It.
That there is any character to be
displayed in the choice and manner
of wearing a hat will doubtless be a
revelation to many girls. But a girl
who is at all observing can tell from
the hat another woman wears what
manner of person it is with whom she
is dealing.
There is a little round black hat,
w ith scarcely any attempt at trim
ming, except a flat, black bow. This
hat is sure to he worn by a little old
maid, one who is sweetened rather
than soured by her single lot. She is
one who is absorbed in other people's
children.
A simple little toque worn with a
veil indicates the girl of great com
mon sense. Nothing especially star
tling or original about her. Just a
good sort.
The girl who chooses a hat with
abrupt angles, who always lias wings
or stiff, conventional trimming on her
hats, and who never wears flowers, is
anothe: kind altogether. You may al
ways know her to be determined, in
dependent, and if given half a chance,
she will be domineering.
There is a sort of soft, elusive,
feathery kind of creation that is worn
by some women. A man would say
she was distinctly feminine, womanly
in al she did. But she is more than
this—she is subtle, elusive and charm
ing She is the girl all men think
they would like to marry, but there
are not enough of this sort to go
round.
The Blouse.
There are many new developments
in the woman's blouse, as separate
waists are no longer considered fash
ionable when they are of an entirely
different color. The blouse must b(
very serviceable, and many of the
present-day dressmakers are attempt
ing to disguise them in such a mannei
that they will appear to be a part ol
the frock. Yet they are separate and
distinct in themselves. They are de
tachable and can be worn with other
skirts. A ribbon girdle, especially
with a knot of blue, often aids in giv
ing a touch of color to the dress, being
folded across the front and cut in a
deep V over the puritan collar. A but
ton of the same color is worn on the
belt.
Mark Children's Clothes.
Buy a five-cent bolt of white linen
tape; cut in small pieces and write
a child’s name on each piece. Paste
their names written in black ink on
white pieces, inside each overshoe,
gloves, mitten and cap, and as a re
sult the children’s garments never
get mixed up or lost at school or
church.
Darning Stockings.
Darning stockings is never a very
welcome task, and too often where
there is a large family the task seems
almost endless. The following method
will insure less darning, because the
darns being more secure will last
longer.
Before beginning to darn a hole,
tack a piece of coarse net tightly to
the stocking over the hole; then darn
over the net, and be sure to darn firm
into the stocking as well, to keep the
darn firm. The net makes such a good
foundation that the work Is more
quickly done, and the result is a much
neater dam than one done in the* old
way.
Bed Coverings.
As fall advances and the country
wife Is preparing her house for the
cooler days, she will find an excellent
substitute for filmy swiss and net cov
erings upon her bed in cotton taf
feta. It can be purchased in pretty
colors and finished with a flounce of
the same material. One can applique
immense flower motifs to the cover
' ould a color be desired. Then* are
flower patterns in cretonne that great
ly resemble Bierdermier and they look
artistic on cotton taffeta. The latest
cover is perfectly square and sections
are cut out at each corner so that the
straight valance can fall perfectly flat
around the bed and will not be tucked
up at corners. But the feature is this:
A strip of lace insertion, cotton ori
ental braid or some fancy trimming is
stitched to outline the top of the bed
or box portion, and the edges of the
straight valance are trimmed with
short ruffles of flowered lawn. These
are wonderfully pretty, especially
when lawn is used to strip the cover.
Keeping Ribbons.
Do not put odds and ends of ribbon
in an indiscriminate mass in a box.
Have either boxes or envelopes for
different colors. The latter are com
pact and easily managed if the ribbon
is folded neatly around cards. Thus
there could be a card for baby ribbon,
another for No. 1 and so on. If the
outside of envelope is marked with
the color and the various envelopes
held together by an elastic it is easily
found when wanted.
MULES HAVE HELPED MAKE
MISSOURI FAMOUS
Few Persons Other Than Dealers Know Anything Regard
ing Versatile Beasts—How They
Are Classified.
Kansas City is the world's great
est market for mules, those useful an
imals that have helped make Missouri
famous, yet few person? other than
dealers know anything about the ver
satile beasts. To the average person
"& mule is a mule,” and that’s all. But
the dealers will tell you very different.
The mule man will talk of “cotton”
mules, “mine” mules "pitters,” “levee”
mules, “sugar” mules, “rice” mules
and even “mahogany” mules. He will
talk about a mule’s “conformation,”
estimate his height to half an iniehand
classify him the minute he looks at
the animal.
Over half the mules sold on the
market are “cotton” mules. Most of
them are bought from December 1 to
March 1 by the southern planters, or
the dealers who supply them. A
“cotton” mule must be a good mule,
although an extra large one is not
uemanded. The height varies from 14
to 151i hands and the weight is from
750 to 1,100 pounds. Trim, smooth
haired mules that show breeding—
the Missouri variety—are the kind
sought for by the southern dealers
and called “cotton” mules in trade
vernacular.
Next in importance is the “con
struction” mule. With the opening up
of work after the financial flurry this
class was in demand. The railroad
construction camps want big, rugged
animals. Style is no object. Big
| most any color will do for a “mine”
mule except white. At the mine en
trance a white mule gets dirty and
looks unkempt. Down in the tunnels
he remains just white enough to
frighten his mates. To the little “pit
ter“ mule in the dickering light of the
tunnels there is something so un
canny about his white brother that
one white mule in a min© will create
a panic.
Tiien there are “sugar” mules ar.d
“rice" mules, used on sugar and rice
plantations. The “sugar” mule is a
big, fancy priced animal, but the
“rice” mule need only be rugged.
Mules used in the lumber camps are
called “loggers.” The principal re
quirement again is not style but rug
gedness. When the call comes from
the Central America lumber camps
the mule men call the animals “ma
hogany” mules.
The government buys mules de
scribed in their specifications as
“wheel” mules, “swing" mules, “lead”
mules, "riding or saddle” mules, and
“pack” mules. Government mules
must be sound and from four to
eight years old. The size varies.
Almost any kind of a mule will do
for a farm worker, although the farm
er will often outbid the representative
of a big drill for a pair of “advertis
ers.” Strangely enough, the farmer,
the great producer of mules, owns a
very small per cent, of them. Most
of them are in the hands of the great
A Classy Type of Useful Mule.
footed animals are in demand to make
the drawing of heavy loads in loose
dirt easier. Where levees are under
construction a still larger mule is
used. A "construction” mule is 15
to 16% hands high. A "levee” mule
should not be under 16 hands. They
are often hitched singly to twTo
wheeled carts and a big animal is re
quired.
But the mule that brings the high
est price is the “advertiser.” Size and
breeding both count here. For "ad
vertisers” or “wagon” mules, as they
are sometimes called, big, well-shaped,
nicely matched animals, that make
the passer-by turn and look again—in
short, a team that advertises the
owner—are the kind that bring the
big prices, hey are gradually taking
the place of horses for heavy deliv
ery purposes. Many local firms use
them, sometimes hitching them three
abreast..
"Mine” mules are a distinct type;
they must be broad and "chunky,” but
not tall. The average height is 14
hands. "Pitters” for hauling ore in
underground tunnels should not be
over 12% hands high. An ideal "pit
ter” is shaped like a dachshund; he
has a long body and short legs. Al
users of the hybrids, the southern
planter and contractor.
Mules are high in price now. A
good, big “construction'’ mule sells
for $225 in Kansas City. A well
matched pair of “advertisers” will
bring $500.
Why is there such a demand for the
mule? The reason is not far to seek.
The “fool mule” of the comic paper is
not such a fool after all. He takes
care of himself and the barn men of
any big teaming company will tell
>ou a pair of mules will outlast two
or three pairs of horses at hard work.
A mule could give an athlete points on
training. He will not overeat or over- i
drink. After hard work he will net!
eat or drink until rested. He seems !
to know that he cost his owner no !
small sum and will not allow a care
less driver to overwork him. He is
not of a nervous temperament and
loses no energy worrying, as a horse
does. To the diseases that attack
the horse in the south he is immune.
Everything considered, the demand
for the mule is a just tribute to his
usefulness. Missourians should have
a proper pride in the Missouri mule,
the ideal beast of draft and burden
for the south.
FIRST STEP
IN FATTENING
Turn SHcep on Aftermath Rape,
Gleanings in Cornfields, Etc.,
Preparing For Grains*
—
More or less difficulty will be met |
by those who are feeding sheep for
the first time, and more with lambs
than with older sheep, because the
first are more delicate. The first:
i
Some Fat Ones.
step in fattening is to turn the sheep
on aftermath rape, gleanings in the
cornfields, etc., thus making good use
of such feed and at the same time
preparing the animals for their sub
sequent grains. This is all prepara
tory to their actual fattening and lit
tle trouble has been experienced from
it, unless possible scours—caused by
the green feed, says the Rural Home.
When sheep begin to eat corn heart
ily they should be carefully watched
as to stomach and intestinal troubles.
Lambs, especially, eat ravenously.
They should be given plenty of salt
and water, and induced to eat as
much green or dry roughage as pos
sible. This will prevent their eating
too heavily of corn.
Sheep intended for the feed lot in a
short time should be brought gradual
ly to concentrated feed, while on the
green stuff not more than a small
handful of oats should be given each
animal per day, and at least four
weeks should be occupied in getting
them on full feed. Sheeij that have
not been used to grain should gain
well if so fed. When on fattening
feed they will finish off nicely and
may be marketed by New Year’s.
Since they can be finished by that
time there is no reason why they
should be pushed hard, and possibly
at a loss.
The greatest trouble an ambitious
feeder has is to feed lightly enough at
first, to take enough care in getting
the sheep on full feed without over
feeding or causing them to scour ab
normally. Patience and care in the
work are the chief essentials.
Milk Cement Paint.
"Skim milk paint” has recently
been going the rounds of the agricul
tural press, says a writer in American
Cultivator. Skim milk will make a
fairly good paint or wash, but whole
milk paint is much better, since the
grease in the milk is what sets the
paint. The following is a personally
used formula which has done won
ders. It has proven for more effec
tive for rough work, in my experience,
than best lead and oil paint. Mix a
couple of pounds of standard Portland
cement in a gallon of milk—sweet or
sour—and add colored paint pow
der to suit. The cement is heavy
and will constantly sink, so keep stir
ring with every brushful, since it is
the cement which makes the paint a
preservative, although the grease in
the milk seems to set it. After drying
—in a few hours—it is impervious to
dampness and forms a hard coat on
the wood. The cost is very slight
and the paint is unexcelled for barns,
fences or any outbuilding of rough
timber. I regret not having tried it
as a shingle dip, as I believe it would
double the life of a shingle.
Nest of Hens.
It is a waste of time and power—
hen-power—to try to hatch eggs that
have really been chilled by the hen
leaving the nest.
If the nest is too flat, the eggs are
sure to roll out from under the hen,
and if too deep the eggs will pile on
| top of each other and get broken.
MAKiiii-i i..u CITf iirUL
A Little Instance 6f What Paris, the
Metropolis of France, Is Doing
Along This Line.
Paris.—The secret of the surpassing
beauty of Paris lies not alone in the
city's prodigality in making broad
squares and parks and avenues, but
also in the disposition to utilise space
hpwever small, which is capable of
adornment. Xot only the ground
itself, but buildings, private as well
as public, are made to contribute tc
the general beautification
This was illustrated r uy years age
when a private resident < reeled a six
story block at the Place St. Michel
just at the head of the boulevard o!
that name and facing a b idge across
Fountain of St. Michel, in Paris
Erected to Hide Unsightly Building.
the Seine. The location, adjoining ar
open space of considerable dimensions
offered an excellent opportunity fci
the work of an artist, but the front o'
the building, while presentable, wai
severely piain.
So, in the course of time, the muni
cipality took the necessary steps and
proceeded to conceal the entire wal
with a fountain 85 feet high and 45
feet wide, which was dedicated to St
Michel. The monument, which was
designed by Duret, consists of a tri
urnphal arch in the Renaissance style
showing the saint and the dragon, in
bronze, placed on an artificial rock
from which the water falls into thres
basins flanked writh griffins. At tht
sides are columns of red marble bear
ing allegorical bronze figures.
In this way the Place SL Mictae
was beautified and the owner of tht
building lost nothing, for its appear
ance was vastuy improved and its
rental value increased.
NEW ILLUMINATING SHELL
French Projectile That Clearly Re
veals Position of a Hostile
Vleet or Army.
New York.—The inventive mind
seems lately to have been paying par
ticular attention to the art of war
as if in intelligent anticipation of i
coming Armageddon, and new weap
ons or improvements on old ones art
constantly being anounced. The mosl
remarkable novelty of the kind is
that illustrated—a new illuminating
shell which bursts into flame in tht
air and acts as a temporary search
light, revealing the position of tht
army. The projectile is a French in
vention, and wras first tested on tht
Mediterranean coast with the fortress
artillery, the results proving that at
night the vessels of an enemy's fleet
could be discovered at a distance ot
several miles, the light burning long
enough for the gunners to get tht
range. The authorities were so wei:
satisfied with these experiments that
Illuminating Shell Reveals Warship.
(he illuminating shell was then adapt
ed to the field artillery and subjectec
to tests on land. Here too the nove
projectile proved its usefulness, anc
it Is now being manufactured in quan
titles.
Another novelty, of which Krupp o!
Essen has acquired all the pateni
rights, is the air torpedo invented bj
Col. Unge of Sweden. This is report
ed to be one of the deadliest instru
ments of warfare yet devised, and it
is to be introduced into the German
army and navy. Other recent inven
tions are the anti-airship gun, a
shrapnel grenade adapted for use with
the service rifle, and a new automatic
gun mounted on a motor truck, said tc
be capable of conveying a supply oi
ammunition and a crew of ten men 2;
miles an hour along ordinar roads
and to fire three-pound shells a dis
tance ot three and a half miles at the
rate of MO shots a minute.
Fi6h Makes Good Candle.
In parts of Alaska is found a kinc
of fish that make a capital candle
when it is dried. The tail of the fist
is stuck into a crack of a woodei
table to hold it upright, and its nose
it lighted. It gives a good, steady
light of three-candle power and con
siderable heat, and will burn for aboul
three hours.
Greek Cheese for California
A company of Greeks is establishing
Cahf°rna a dairy and factory at
which the milk of 8,000 sheep is L h*
made into a special kind of cheese b