-
'
■
SECTION OF tOO-FOOT LOCKS CHOW/KG if
THE LUSITANIA ,'N LEFT LOCK AND THE I
\DATTLESH1P DELAWARE Ut RIGHT LOCK
TOP or CATE ITT K
\ ^ \ ABOVE WALL pjjj
Perhars it is fortunate that the
work cn the Panama canal has pro
gressed apparently so slowly, fer it has
given time to appreciate the marvel
ous development in ship construction,
and to suggest the necessity of a
larger charnel than was provided in
the act of congress authorizing the
construction of the inter-ocean water
way. It is only too apparent ^to
those who are thoroughly acquainted
with the station that the 83-foot
level lock with a width of 100 feet is
not going to be wide enough to accom
modate the largest type of battleship
or the gigantic steamships of the pro
portions of the new Lusitania. These
boats would scarcely be able to
squeeze through the locks if construct
ed. acording to the dimensions of the
present canal plans, and ships of
larger size, which are apparently a
certain development of ship architec
ture of the future, would be unable to
use the canal at all. For this reason
the question is being asked: Is not
a serious blunder being committed in
carrying out the plans as adopted?
Some of the greatest engineers of
the world, supported by accurate fig
ures regarding the wonderful growth
in the beam and tonnage of both com
mercial and warships during the past
half century, and backed by the opin
ions of certain reliable naval con
structors and naval officers, do not
believe that the adopted locks of 100
feet In width will accommodate the
largest vessels that will be afloat
within the next quarter of a century.
Those locks are, as now planned, only
15 feet wider than the beam of the
largest American battleships author
ized by congress, and only 12 feet
wider than the greater Cunarders Lu
sitania and Mauretania, both of which
were under construction when the
present type of locks was adopted,
and both of which are now afloat.
One of the ablest naval construct
ors in the United States navy, whose
name cannot for obvious reasons be
used, in view of the adoption of the
100-foot width for the proposed canal,
declares: “There is danger ahead in
the big battleship programmes unless
the locks proposed for the canal are
made wider than 100 feet. Unless
those locks are made wider than that
I predict that the largest vessels of
ten years hence will scarcely be able
to pass through them. Now is the
time to settle this question. The canal
is being built for the future. It is
not being built for a decade, but for
the century. When the locks are once
built they cannot be enlarged without
seriously interfering with the traffic of
the canal and without enormous ex
pense. With the water turned into the
canal it will also probably be more
difficult to enlarge the locks than to
build them in the first place.
[ “Unless some change is mage in the
plahs already definitely ad(^ted for
100-foot locks, the United States gov
ernment may some years hence be
confronted with the problem which
has been facing Germany—that of en
larging the Kaiser Wilhelm canal.
The German government has just car
ried the act providing for the widen
ing of that canal. The widening be
came necessary when the German
government at the end of 1905 deter
mined on increasing the displace
ment of the new battleships to 18,
000 tons, and of the new cruisers to
15,000 tons, as it would be impossible
for those warships to pass through
the present locks of the canal.
“A chain is only as strong as its
weakest link,. A canal is only as wide
as its narrowest lock. Unless the
locks of thft Panama canal are wide
enough tq ^asa the largest vessels of
the future, -.those ships will not be
able to get through the canal, no mat
ter what its width may be in the
widest portion of the channel. The
beam of the American warship has
grown at a rate of a foot a year for a
quarter of a century. The net gain
in the growth of the width ot beam of
American battleships has been 21 feet
in 21 years. The largest American
battleships—the Delaware and North
Dakota—yet authorized are to have a
beam of 85 feet 3 inches. If the
Bane ratio of growth is maintained
in the nekt 21 years, the beam ot our
largest battleship would in 1928 be
106 feet, and they would net be able
to pass through the locks now
planned.”
When DeLesseps first undertook
the building of the canal he provided
far looks only 72 feet wide and 29\/2
feet deep. If such a canal were now
j built it would not accommodate our
battleships Maine, Missouri, Ohio,
Georgia, Nebraska, Virginia. New Jer
sey, Rhode Island, Connecticut, Louis
iana, Kansas, Minnesota, Vermont,
South Carolina, Michigan, Idaho, Mis
sissippi, New Hampshire, or the two
larger ships proposed—the Delaware
and Norfh Carolina. If the DeLesseps
canai had been built our Atlantic fleet
would have to go around South Amer
ica in spite of the existence of the
can ah
Then came the Walker commis
sion's report of November 16, 1901,
recommending locks 84 feet wide.
That commission declared that the
locks then recommended would pass
the largest vessel then in the world
—the Oceanic—which has a beam
of 68.4.
Conditions have continued to
change. At the time of the Walker
report five battleships of the Virginia
class, the Georgia, Nebraska, Virginia.
New Jersey and Rhode Island, had
been authorized for the American
navy, each with a beam of 76 feet 2ys
inches. But the very congress to
which the WTalker report was made
in July, 1902, authorized the construc
tion of the battleships Connecticut
and Louisiana, each with a beam of 76
feet 10 inches or 7yt inches greater
than tlie beam of the largest Amer
ican battleships which had been au
thorized before the Walker report was
submitted. In 1903 congress au
thorized three more ships, the Kansas,
Minnesota and Vermont, all now in
commission, each with a beam of 76
feet 10 inches. The same year saw
the authorization for the Idaho and
Mississippi, “with an increase to 77,
feet in their beam. During the first
session of the last congress came the
authorization for the South Carolina
and Michigan, which are building with
a beam of 80 feet 2 yg inches each.
Last winter congress authorized the
Delaware and North Dakota, which
are each to have a beam of 85 feet 3
inches.
These figures show that in spite of
their ability and their evident inten
tion to provide for the future, the
members of the Walker commission
failed to foresee the construction of
the all-big-gun ship, which is too wide
for the locks incorporated in the Walk
er plans.
The locks that are planned for the
Panama canal are larger than any that
have ever been built. The majority
of the consulting board expressed tho
opinion that locks of that size “are
beyond the limit of prudent design.”
The minority expressed the opinion
that “it can no more be said of lock
building: that it has reached the limit
of judicious construction than of ship
building or any other branch of
engineering construction.” Former
Chief Engineer Shonts and a special
committee consisting of Gen. Peter
C. Hairs, Col. H. Ernst and several
others have told Secretary Taft they
estimated that it would cost at least
$87,000,000 to widen the sea-level
canal 100 feet without deepening it if
the sea.-level were adopted. In Its
special report to Secretary Taft this
same committee went on record as
follows:
“Inasmuch as the new Cunarders
are not yet completed, are very much
larger than any other vessels In ex
istence, and must still be regarded as
experimental, it seems to us that
this is looking as far into the future
as Is expedient. If ships too large
for these locks should hereafter be
developed. It will be possible to add
new and larger locks to accommodate'
them. The total estimated cost of all
locks and approach walla In the pres
ent project, including the contingency
item of 20 per cent., Is $44,425,000.
They can therefore be entirely re
newed for about one-half what It
would cost to widen the sea-level canal
100 feet.”
Just Complaints of Farmers
Hunters Who Abuse Privileges Are
Limited in 8pace To-Day.
The hunting season is now on, and
every one who can get a gun and
a place to hunt is taking advantage
of it. There do not seem to be so
many hunters from the city as usual,
due to the fact, we believe, that moat
of the farmers have been compelled
to prohibit hunting on their prem
ises.
For this no one is to blame but
the hunters themselves. Tears ago
there were very few farmers who
objected to a man going on his place
in quest of game, but the hflhter
abused this privilege to such an ex
tent, each year becoming more bold
and careless, that the farmer has
been compelled to put a atop to It
“Sports” from the city come out
with a gun and a jug of whisky, and
many of them are more adept with
the jug than with the gun. After
a litUe jug practice they, get to teal
ing that they own the farm and
that the farmer is the trespasser.
Many of them do not know a rab
bit from a yearling calf, or a pheas
ant from a turkey gobbler, and with
out considering the possibility of an
error they blase away; and the farm
er is the loser.
Of course this does not include all
of the city hunters, by any means,
nor does It exclude all of our own
boys; but the number that are in
cluded are responsible for the farm
ers resorting to this method to pro
tect their property. The country
newspapers have been selling tres
pass cards for several years, but
never was there such a demand for
them as there has been this season;
and with almost eveiy order re
ceived we hear of depredations com
mitted by the man with the gun that
have forced the farmer to ac
tion.—Exchange.
A spider can live ten months with
out foocL.
TEACH BY EXAMPLE
GOOD METHOD OF INSTILLING
"TABLE MANNERS."
Children Will Unconsciously Copy th«
Actions of Their Elders—Plan
'That Worked Successfully
in One Family.
There la very little of tbs "doing
unto others as you would that others
should do unto you” In the bringing
up of children, a fact which children
learn sooner or later and Instinctive
ly resent under the consciousness of a
lack of “fair play” somewhere, or
somehow, but which they are too un
developed to rightly place. The
greater part of their poor little lives
is hedged around with a spiky fence
of “don’ts” that would soon bring on a
case of nervous prostration for their
elders if similarly tortured. ■
Now, if, as modern thinkers be
lieve, children as a rule are uncon
scious “copy cats” it is reasonable to
assume that a good deal of “training”
and guiding may be well done by the
example set them by their elders
rather than by the irritating system of
“don’ts” and “spanks” that fill these
small lives to overflowing.
To interest a child in its own “re
form” is to see that “reform” more
than half accomplished, and without
battle, murder and sudden death as
an accompaniment.
In view of thi3 interest I am going
to suggest a. simple, pleasant and suc
cessful “system” of Instilling table
manners into the education of the
average child that was carried on to a
happy issue in a certain family of
my acquaintance.
Each child, from the youngest to the
oldest, was given a weekly allowance
ranging from three cents for the
youngest to ten cents for the oldest, of
12 years. For certain things—a
breach of table etiquette, for instance
—a fine was imposed that involved
the grown-ups as well as the children.
For each spot on the table cloth a
penny was forfeited; also, for reach
ing across the table for anything, or,
for playing with knife, fork, spoon,
napkin ring, glass or cup. Hands
were supposed to be folded in the lap
when not engaged with knife or fork
in eating.
For any of the above misdemeanors
the grown-ups were expected to pay a
penny all around to the children, but
the children gave up one penny only.
If a grown-up chanced to upset a cup
of tea or coffee the accident was greet
ed with a comical shout of joy upon
the part of the children, for this
meant five cents all around, and young
eyes danced with the prospect of
these riches. “Spot pennies” could
be won back by the children for good
behavior between meals, but they
were never excused from paying the
penalty when the occasion arose to
give it. Under the fun an ironclad
rule existed which the little judges
soon learned to recognize and respect,
because it was “fair play.”
For the sake of teaching children
familiarity with the nicer table ap
pointments, so that their parents will
never be mortified when guests are
present and children are expected to
dust their table manners and put
them on for the occasion, whether the
mother has one maid or none, bread
and butter plates, finger bowls and
immaculate linen should be in daily
use.
Pin Wheel Rotls.
Two cups flour, four teaspoons bak
ing powder, one-half teaspoon salt, two
tablespoons lard, one-half cup milk.
Mix and sift dry ingredients together,
add liQuid gradually, mixing with a
knife. Have the dough as soft as can
be handled. Roll out one-half inch
thick, spread with melted butter, and
sprinkle with one-half cup finely chop
ped citron, two tablespoons of sugar,
one-half teaspoon cinnamon and one
half cup of currants. Roll up like
jelly roll, cut off pieces three-fourths
inch thick put in greased pan and
cook 15 minutes in a hot oven.
Potato Crust.
One cup Sour, one-fourth level tea
spoon salt, one level teaspoon baking
powder, one-fourth cup shortening,
one-half cup cold mashed potatoes,
and milk.
Sift together the flour, salt and bak
ing powder, work in the shortening
with the fingers, and then the potato.
Add sufficient milk to make a soft
dough. Toss on to a floured board,
and roll out to fit the dish. Cut an
opening in the center for the steam
co escape.
Cream Whips.
•' Half fill frappe glasses with some
kind of preserve or with sliced ba
nanas. Place on top whipped cream
which has been sweetened and flavor
ed.
If boiled coffee is served do not al
low it to stand on the grounds. Tie
the coffee in a cheesecloth bag, allow
ing room for it to swell. When done
the ban can easily be removed. Do
not boil coffee for more than five min
utes.
Vegetable Peach Pla.
Take ripe, yellow vegetable peaches,
cut in halves and remove seeds. Slice
them ss you would apples for pie.
Make a good crust and fill with the
sliced vine peaches, add about equal
weight of sugar, Juice and chopped
yellow rind of half a lemon. Put on
top crust and bake. Very Juicy. You
may use them for mangoes by re
moving seed and stuffing the same as
peppers.
Kentucky Corn Pudding.
Take one can of sugar corn, a half
pint of fresh milk, a half pint of
cream, the yolks of three eggs well
beaten, a lump of butter size of an
egg and season to taste with salt and
pepper. Add a little sugar, and beat
the three whites to a stiff froth and
fold in gently. Bake in a slow oven
about 25 or 30 minutes. Serve in
tame dish in which it ia baked.
For the Pastry Cook.
When making ajtple or any fruit
pie always place the quantity of sugar
required on lower crust first, and you
will never have a runover pie.
In mincemeat or any meat pie Insert
a paper chimnay or fennel in upper
crust, and no move tears will be abed
ovar a leaky pie. . r
. j'"-. . •
*■-* V,. ... ■ ...TM .... M
F^fMd ™
The figure to the left wears a skirt and over-bodice of dark brown
eolienne. The full skirt is gathered into the waistband, and is trimmed at
the foot with a four-inch wide band of silk. Two straps of silk are placed
each side the front, terminating under silk braid ornaments. The over
bodice is arranged in wide plaits over the shoulders, and is edged with
straps of silk; it is worn over a cream lace blouse.
Materials required: eight yards 46 inches wide, three yards silk.
The second costume is a pinafore of navy blue serge worn with an
embroidered muslin blouse. The full skirt is trimmed at the foot with
crosswise bands of the material and a band of embroidered galloon. The
pinafore bodice is cut with k'mono sleeves, the edge of which, and, also
the neck, are trimmed with galloon. There is a slight fullness at the waist
that is gathered into the band. The belt is of folded silk.
Materials required: eight yards 46 inches wide, and seven yards sateen
for lining.
Stripes Are Feature
of Season’s Styles
Stripes In every imaginable width,
shade, color and material will Lj the
fashionable wear during the winter,
and for once no one will be disposed
to quarrel with the decree of the ar
biters of dress.
In the hands of a skillful dress
maker a striped material can be made
the most becoming thing in the
world; it can be so manipulated as to
give either height or breadth, and
there is no figure that it will not
beautify.
The new materials are all very
tasteful. There are no violent con
trasts, the stripes being for the most
part in two shades of the same color,
or if two colors are used they are
both in dark tones and chosen with an
eye to harmony. A pretty combina
tion in these two-color stripes is chest
nut brown and a very dark shade of
myrtle green, which blend together in
the exact hues of a pheasant’s plum
age.
Every shade of brown, violet and
gray will be used for tweed and cloth
walking dresses, some being striped
with a very fine line of black over two
shades of the self-color. The make
of these costumes' Inclines towards
that elegant simplicity which is so
difficult to achieve, the most common
skirt trimming being three bands of
the material cut diagonally, the bodice
having a little waistcoat and cuffs to
correspond.
Hair Ornament
Hair ornament of cluster of flowers
made from satin ribbon, each petal
being small bag containing sachet,
caught together with French knots.
Leaves of satin.
Novel Trimmings.
It certainly is true that this fall is
ushering in some novel trimmings.
The dressmakers and designers are
offering a novelty which 1b entirely
foreign to the ornaments which we
have been using. Of course, there
are countless ways of combining laces,
embroideries, and braids, but this nov
elty, which is a sort of coarse lace
made from hempen string, in some
thing really new. The description
certainly does not sound alluring, but
one really needs to see the beautiful
way in which it is employed to ap
preciate its novelty and chicness.
This lace has not been accepted de
cidedly; it is still on trial. This hem
pen lace is not limited to any particu
lar material. It is easy to imagine
something striking as a result of a
combination of this new lace with
stitchings of fine soutache, or even the
crosswork Danish embroidery.
Pocket In Belt.
The draped belt accommodates
small pockets for handkerchiefs and
change purse very well,, and a little
patch pocket for. the watch may easily
be hidden among ,the trimmings of a
blouse. '
Colored Nets for
the New Blouses
Blouses form no small part of the
costume, and among the prettiest are
those made of toscas, which is the
latest novelty among the colored nets.
While extremely smart, it is suffi
ciently practical for separate blouses
for tailored gowns, replacing largely
chiffon and like fabrics, and being far
more durable.
Confidence is expressed in these
new colored nets because the costume
idea of the waist of a different fabric,
but of the same color of the skirt and
coat, can thus be carried out at a
price which will appeal to women of
average and Independent means alike.
Let It not be inferred that the tosca
nets are limited to simple modes of
construction, for such is far from
fact. An example might be cited of a
model in colored net designed with a
yoke of square-meshed filet, which
matches the foundation of the net. Be
low the yoke is a trimming of rather
heavy embroidered motifs, surround
ed each with rings of raised embroid
ery.
The decoration Ib arranged to make
a point on the bust, which is finished
with a hanging ornament of white
silk passementerie. The upper part
of the sleeve is trimmed to match the
front of the blouse with the same
hanging ornaments, and the under
cuff, reaching to the wriBt, is of filet
laid in fine close tucks. The wrist is
finished with a tiny plaiting much like
a fold of kilted gauze.
Large flowers with exquisite shad
ings are principally used as motifs
for net and filet blouses, the floral de
signs replacing fruit effectB which
have prevailed for the last few sea
sons. Nothing is more charming than
the morning glory for a motif pattern,
and it Is shown in a great variety of
designs, from handsome white blooms
embroidered in white silk Aosb to the
shaded effects almost too realistic
to be distinguished from the natural
flower.
Invisible Plaid.
Invisible plaid is a splendid material
for general wear. You can get all
qualities, and a very good one at abouj.
40, cents a yard. Have it made in
shirtwaist style, and wear it with col
lars and cuffs if this style is becom
ing. If not, you may still have the
wash cuffs with a yoke of embroidery
that may also be laundered.
“Antique*,” Even in Fabric*?
Many of the new fabrics are so an
tique looking that it might be to one's
advantage to go through old trunks
and closets and get the old-fashioned
silka to develop into up-to-date styles,
for the newest silks for waiBts are
nothing more than duplicate designs
of those worn by our grandmothers.
Perforated Pattern.
Machines for making perforated em
broidery patterns cost a good bit more
than the economical woman feels like
paying for an article which is seldom
used. Doing the work with a pin is
tiresome, as one makes slow progress.
An inventive wofnan hit upon the plan
of using her sewing machine for the
work. She uses a fine, unthreaded
needle and makes the stitch short.
She follows the design drawn on paper
.for which bond or architects’ paper Is
practical. When finished her patterns
are as good and useful as those sold
in the embroidery department.
Foundations of Changeable Silk.
Some of the prettiest frocks of trans
parent materials are worn over foun
dations of changeable silks. .
One for evening wear combined two
colors in the linings.
A striking gown of white net was
shown made over white silk, with a
deep ruffle of pink silk at the foot.
The upper line of the ruffle corre
sponded with the line of filet insertion
lncrusted with lace motifs on the over
dress, so that there was no appreci
able, breaking between the two colors.
'The effect was charming.
WALKING AND VtelT/NG GOWNJ
The stern simplicity of the tailor
made coat and skirt does not ap
pear to content us without the
addition of the frilled shirt front.
And the variety of frills which
meander their more or less ele
gant way down the fronts of the shirts
of fashion is simply amazing. There
are frills of lawn hem-stitched, frills
of pleated muslin bordered with lace,
and frills of batiste embroidered in
colored ’cotton, and frills of muslin
decked with spots. These are either
worn with a collar-band to match,
formed in tucks and boned to set well
under the back of the ears, or with a
stiff linen collar fastened at the back,
and pointing a little in the center of
the front. Such minor details as the
small tied bow of black silk, or the
man’s dress tie, are added or omitted
at the discretion of the wearer.
The frill reigns supreme. And
under its most luxurious aspect it
boasts a center band of hand-embroid
ered linen lawn, and this being edged
on either side with a frill of lace, may
be justly written down as an edition
de luxe of its kind. The collar-band,
which completes this, looks its best
when made of tbe embroidered lawn,
and the little frill of lace again ap
pears to outline the top of tbs neck.
Our half-tone illustration displays
two walking costumes under an ele
gant aspect. Both alike are made cf
cloth. No. 1 is In a dark shade of pea
cock blue, a shade this which is to
have much consideration bestowed
upon it. It is fastened with a short
skirt and a long coat, and trimmed
with an elaborate braid to match, uie
contrast being supplied by a velvet
collar and cuffs which are la a dark
tone of purple. Purple, too, is the hat,
as indeed are most hats, and this is of
glace with a gathered brim and a large
group of shaded cock’s feathers wav
ing their influence at one side.
The other dress is brown, braided in
brown with the vest and sleeves of
brown velvet, the undersleeves and
small cravat being of ecru net, while
the hat is of brown beaver lined with
black velvet with a large black rosette
of velvet in front, and a black feather
arranged to rest on the hair at the
side.
Plain hats trimmed with these large
velvet rosettea are very much in favor,
a combination of color contributing
their special claim to admiration. A
dark peacock blue felt or beaver hat,
for example, would be trimmed with
two large choux of velvet, one of violet
and the other of dull green, while the
base of the crown would be encircled
srlth small pieces of galon burnished
lull, and copper of tint.
NEWEST THING IN SKIRTS
The double, or peplum skirt. Is the
newest shape of the season, and is
constantly gaining ground. One dress
seen recently carries out the Idea dif
ferently and even more effectively
than in the more conventional form.
The dress was of willow green velvet,
with that lovely silvery sheen that one
sees when the wind passes over the
leaves. The skirt was quite plain,
long and flowing, and trimmed solely
by large silk tassels placed in per
pendicular lines of three along the
seams of the skirt between the hem
and the knees. It was in the bodice
that the peplum idea was carried out.
The front was made of a breastplate
of heavy embroidery in different tones
of willow green silk, intermixed with
a little pale blue and silver. This
breastplate hung loose back and fTont,
and was cut out over a guimpe of
white lace, which rose in a very high
collar-band round the throat. From
under the breastplate, at either side,
fell the peplum draperies over each
arm, hanging loose and separate to a
little below the waist, the point at
each side being weighted and adorned
with heavy silk tassels like those on
the skirt. These peplum draperies, I
Velvet Coat and Skirt Coatume.
must not forget to say, were in soft
Liberty satin of exactly the same sil
very green as the velvet. The under
sleeves, which were pleated the whole
length of the arm, and ended like mit
tens on the hands, were of willow
green mousseline de sole. The dif
ference of texture and surfaces, al! in
exactly the same delicate color, had
a delightful effect, giving interest and
variety without disturbing the charm
ing hormony of tone.
The newest tones in velveteen are
Quite lovely, being rather dull and
sad of aspect, yet endowed with some
special charm by reason of the new
soft surface which the manufacturers
have Introduced for their and our bene
fit.
iswirnfinrr**^* * * ------
WORK OF ANCIENT ARTISTS.
Fin* Sculpture Disclosed While Re
pairing Winchester Cathedral.
An Important architectural discov
ery has been made In connection with
the work of restoring the damaged fab
ric of Winchester (Eng.)cathedral. Dur
ing the operations it was found neces
sary to underpin the great buttress
on the south wall of Fox’s eastern
work, this portion having no founda
tion, but being merely suspended to
the wall, upon which it exerted a
heavy strain. A flight of stone steps
had to be removed, and while this was
being done some 60 fragments of the
finest English work in polished Pur
beck marble were discovered. These at
one time evidently formed part of a
grand screen or canopy or possibly of
a large window. It has been suggested
that these fragments may have been
part of a screen or covering for the
enshrined remains of St. Swithin. The
portions have been roughly placed to
gether, and some of them give the out
line of an arch of very fine workman
ship, with circular apex end mould
ings. Other fragments formed a de
sign which was evidently intended to
be viewed from both sides, the sculp
ture being duplicated, and represent
ing on two spandrels a female figure
holding an open book with both hands,
while the other' pair show a bishop,
mitred and fully vested, holding in the
left hand a closed book, towards
which the right hand is pointed. The
position in which these interesting
relics was discovered (mixed up with
a lot of rough mortar and rubble) In
dicates that they were destroyed dur
ing some structural alterations, and
the act is attributed to the Priors, who
removed the east window in De Lacy’s
Lady chapel to make room for tire bay
which they added. Remarkable de
tail is shown in the fashioning of the
episcopal figure, the beard and mous
tache, and the curly locks of hair being
rendered with great exactness. When
first completed the work must have
been a magnificent example of early
English architecture, and it U to be, ,
hoped that It may be possible to re-, ^ ’
store it with some semblance to its
original conditio *