Of A New Future for Three Great Water Highwaus Coming Meeting of Rivermen at St Louis in November to Be Marked bu Exploitation of Great Project. Years ago before the great iron trails were stretched across the coun try and the swift, fiery steads were passing over them drawing their loads of human freight and merchandise, the rivers of the land, especially the Mississippi and the Ohio, were the bu;y highways- of commerce. But as the railway systems developed the river business declined, steamers that had plowed their way back and forth between the thriving river towns ceased to run, and wharves fell into decay—for the railroad was too strong a rival, and soon monopolized the commerce of the country. But of late years there has been a revival in the direction of the water highways, and a determined effort towards utilizing the splendid facili ties of trade which they afford. New York has by direct vote of the people appropriated $101,000,000 to build a ship canal from Lake Erie to the Hud son, so that a cargo loaded in Chicago or Duluth may sail direct to Ham burg, Havre, or Liverpool. The city of Manchester, England, has spent $100,000,000 to get an outlet to the sea. Germany, Trance and England are ex pending even larger sums in the con struction of absolutely new cross country waterways. The Sault Ste. Marie canal has already paid for it self in the immense volume of trade that rushes through its locks. And all this shows the tendency towards water communication. Movements are on foot both along the Ohio and the Mississippi river, as well as along the Missouri, for the im sponded one citizen, “It will be done at once.” On that declaration the association was virtually organized. Preparatory to the reassembling of this great waterways’ congress, which held a session in Washington last winter, with 600 river representatives present, a few freshly compiled facts and figures concerning the interests at stake will be found of value. The centers of population and activ ity in all lines cf production have steadily advanced westward, until, ‘ without exception, they are now lo ! cated in the Mississippi valley. One half of the population of the United States resides in what may be cor rectly termed the Mississippi valley. ; This population his more than dou bled itself every 25 years of the past century. Should this rate of increase i be maintained the year 2000 would1 ! find the population no less than 560, 1 000,000. The area of the Mississippi valley, 1,240,000 square miles, all told, is two-fifths of the whole continental area of the United States, and more than two-thirds of its arable surface. The population has shown a steady in crease. In 1810 the valley dwellers numbered but 1,000,000. In 1850 the number had increased to 8,000,000. Nor has the supremacy of the Miss issippi valley been confined alone to its increase of people. The centers of corn, cotton, oats and wheat pro duction, of the number, area and value of farms, are all within its con j fines. j The center of the corn production Site of One of the Proposed Wing Dams. provement of those waterways so as to admit of the use of the larger Bteamers. The slogan of the Ohio River Improvement association is “Dam the Ohio river from Pittsburg to Cairo,” and there is a similar Blogan being declared by the Missis sippi River Improvement association, which says, “Dam the Mississippi river from St. Paul to New Orleans.” And at a meeting of these two asso ciations at St. Louis during November the matter is to be energetically ex ploited. .The fact that one Mississippi river tug can convey in six days from St. Louis to New Orleans boats carrying 10,000 tons of grain, which would re quire 70 railroad trains of 15 cars each, shows the possibilities of the project. The gathering of rivermen in St. Louis in November will be the great est coming together of people inter ested in America’s interior waterways in the history of the country. At its very outset, the Ohio River Improve ment association set itself resolutely to the task of educating congress and the people of the river states to the vast commercial importance of deep ening the channel from Pittsburg to Cairo. Its leaders took the declara tion of Andrew Carnegie, that “the re public now has more than 10,000 miles of connected river and lake naviga tion, which supplies the cheapest in land transportation for materials in the world,” and they added: “The improvement of the Ohio will make it still cheaper.” The Upper Mississippi River Im provement association was brought about by an equally patriotic and far seeing declaration. Four years ago a committee of representative citizens called upon the mayor of Quincy, 111., urging some local river improvements. After a protracted interview as to the value of purely local improvements, the mayor said: “Do you know of any attempt having been made on the part of any congressmen who repre sent any of the five states bordering on the upper Mississippi to influence congress to make an appropriation for river improvement? Has any effort been made by the commercial organ izations, or cities along the river, to influence congress to this end?” “No,” was the answer. “But,” re ! of the United States .s in the great river which divides Missouri and Illi nois, about midway the length of Mis souri. The center of wheat production is 75 miles west of Dec Moines, in the west central portion of Iowa. The center of oats production is about 100 miles east of Des Moines, in the east central portion of Iowa. The center of the number of farms is in Illinois, 110 miles east of St. Louis. The center of the farm area of the country is 48 miles southwest of Jef ferson City, Mo. The center of cotton production is 34 miles north, of Jackson, Miss. The center of manufacturers is 59 miles west of Cleveland, O. The center of population in 1900 had advanced westward until it stood six miles southeast of Columbus. Ind. These are Important factors in what has been called the "resuscitation of the Mississippi river.” The produce and the products are in the valley waiting to be moved; the people are in the valley ready to ship and to travel. All that is needed is the crys tallizing of the rapidly growing senti ment into money with which to “dam the Mississippi river” and revive the waning glory of the packet and of the freighter. With the construction of the Chi cago-St. Louis canal, freighters loaded with grain or ore at Duluth could reach the Gulf of Mexico without breaking cargo, and begin their trans | Atlantic voyage there, as they will from New York, by way of the Erie canal. * The completion of the Panama ca ; nal will further revolutionize the traf : flc problem. By means of the canal steamers loaded in Duluth, Minneap i olis, St. Louis, Pittsburg, any port 1 along the great waterways system, may reach San Francisco, Seattle, Honolulu, Manila, Yokohama, Hong ! kong, without breaking cargo, at great saving of time and money. Even the completion of the Tehuantepec railroad across the isthmus of Te huantepec, Mexico, Is not without far reaching result, as freight can be transferred across the isthmus, from : ship hold to ship hold in two days’ ; time and at an expense of only about two dollars a ton. “Old Ironsides Tuawmafti This historic old vessel, once the pride cf the American navy, and around which so many memories cling, is now being rebuilt by order of congress, and when completed will be identical.with its former appearance and equipment. THE INVENTION OF A BOY IT MAY REVOLUTIONIZE THE PRESENT TYPEWRITER. _ V'-ginia Youth Has Accomplished That Wich Has Puzzled Mechan ical Experts for Many Years. — Norfolk, Va.—The problem of an automatic carriage for the typewriter, one over which experts have been laboring and experimenting for years without success, has probably been solved by Robert Eugene Turner, a Norfolk boy, who is yet to reach his majority. That the invention, if practicable, is destined to revolution- ; ize the modern typewriter, is the opinion of experts, men who have studied the problem for years. Years ago it was recognized that the invention of an automatic car riage return for the typewriter would add from 25 to 30 per cent, to the speed of the operators—an item that tells in the business world. The manufacturers of the leading ma chines put experts on the problem. No stone was left unturned to solve the problem of the transference, re direction and control of power. It is said that one company offered a handsome prize to the man in their employ who would discover the prin ciple, to be worked out later. Mr. Turner, who is a member of the architectural firm of Hebard & Turner, and who is a lover of mathe matical problems and technical ques tions worthy of solution, had his at tention drawn to the matter. At that time he was in his teens. He began to think out the problem, conveying his ideas to drawings. For three years he studied it at spare times, day and night. The young inventor grasped the dif ficulties clearly. He finally solved it, that of regulataing the power at all times, controlling and reversing it at will. Briefly stated, the regula tion and control Qf the power is by means of the space bar. It is unop erative automatically until the car riage has gone a certain length, but by means of a key it can be ma nipulated at the will of the opera tor. Like all valuable inventions, its simplicity is the thing that attracts attention. It can be added to ma chines at a nominal cost; it will not affect the durability of the machine, will not add to the cost of repairs, and is not easy to get out of order. Its speed is suffcient for all practical purposes. The following statement in refer ence to the invention was made by Mr. Turner recently: “It increases the mechanical con trol of the carriage, making it un necessary for the operator to remove his hands from the keyboard during waiting, a feature especially valuable to touch operators. “The mechanism causes the car riage to return to the initial writing point automatically when the end of a written line is reached, and also to return automatically from any point in the line by pressing a special key. Means for cushioning the im pact of the carriage to prevent a de structive jar to the machine is amply provided for, as well as an improve ment in the runways and rollers bear ing the carriage to reduce the fric tion to a minimum. “The momentum attained by the carriage in its return stroke is util ized to effect the line spacing, which can also be done from the keyboard. An ingenious but simple device is introduced, so that the setting of either the automatic or manual line spacer will adjust the other to con form in the uniform spacing of lines.” An interesting feature in reference to the invention is the youthfulness of the inventor. When the appli cation for the patent was filed nearly two years ago, or in February, of 1905, Mr. Turner was only a little over 18 years of age. As he began the study of the problem several years before this, his youthfulness can be appreciated. It was a mere boy who had undertaken to solve a serious scientific mathematical prob lem. Robert Eugene Turner was bom in Norfolk November 26, 1886. He Is the son of R. E. Turner, general su perintendent of the Virginian-Pilot. After leaving the Norfolk high school he devoted his time to the study of mechincal engineering and architec ture. Mr. Turner was nearly two years in securing a patent on his inven tion, but it was finally obtained through Walter B. Burrow, patent at torney at Norfolk. Mr. Turner’s friends are confident that he has a small fortune, to say the least, in his patent. Superstition Rife. “Magianism, rosicrucianism, gnos ticism, occultism, together with Mo saic and Hermetic mysteries, are flourishing In this country and Europe. Packets, locks of hair, wands, vagaries, fakes and morbid mental states due to these are on all sides. How can mental physi cians keep up with the new brain diseases? Superstition is now in tensely alive, and all kinds of mind distortion, born of prehistoric and barbaric ages, when men did not know a single law of nature, are rife, even in the shadows of univer sities and colleges.”—Prof. Larkin, of. Mount Lome Observatory. Mrs. Langtry Drops the “Lily.” Mrs. Langtry, who is now playing in a vaudeville sketch, will not allow her manager to advertise her as “Lily” Langtry. Only intimates are now permitted to call her by that name. Zealous, But Absent-Minded. i11 . - i tne m w " — Imbecile Comic Artist—Would—er—a—you and your Mend mind remain like that a few moments whilst I make a rough sketch? A Roaring Lion in Georgia. Tattnall County Is Haunted by a Big Yellow Cat. Savannah, Ga.—The lower section of Tattnall county is pretty well scared because a wild lion has been seen in that vicinity. Mothers are keeping their children indoors after dark and posses of determined men are trying to run down the unwelcome visitor and put him to death. On Thursday the lion was seen on Mr. Brooks Harvey’s place, between Mor rison and Groveland. Mr. Harvey could not kill him at that time, as he did not have his gun. The animal was seen by -both Mr. and Mrs. Har vey. It was very large and appeared quite ferocious. Since then it has been heard roaring in the vicinity by several people at night. As far as can be learned, It haB not carried awa; any hogs or cattle and the peo ple are wondering what it lives on. Two or three searching parties have | gone out for the beast, but they have not been successful in capturing him. About two years ago Mr. David Bea sley killed a lion near Groveland. He has it stuffed at his home now. This one is said to be very much like the one Mr. Beasley killed and many think it is possibly his mate. Until the new arrival is slain there will con tinue to be excitement. School Gardens of Austria. It is stated that nearly 8,000 school gardens exist in Austria, not including the sister kingdom of Hungary. They are connected with both private and public schools, and are used for pur poses of practical instruction in hor ticulture and tree growing, and often contain botanical museums and bee hives. “The doctor says I mustn’t play whist any more—it makes me irrita ble.” “That’s foolish. It might as well be whist as anything else.”— Cleveland Plain Dealer. PRESCRIBING FOR THE DOCTOR Not a thousand miles from where Christopher Columbus stands discov ering Central park five gentlemen of modest means meet every Sunday afternoon for a quiet little game of draw poker. At the last meeting, the doctor, the senior member of the quin tet, had tried to make away with a large pot by standing pat on a hand that was unfit for publication, and which was called and beaten by a pair of jacks held by Wilkins, whom the doctor deteste-" on account of his inquisitiveness. The doctor, who was rather choleric, had left the room in a rage, vow'ing, as he had on various other occasions, that he was done with the game forever, but a week’s time had smoothed his ruffled feelings and he was now the picture of good humor and composure. What added somewhat to his pres ent good humor was the fact that he held in his pudgy fat hands three nines, before the draw, and all the players in on a large jackpot. Wilkins had been pressing the but ton at regular intervals, and also do ing the rest, which gave him a very optimistic view of things in general. He had stood all raises and with a jack, king and queen of hearts was trusting in kind Fortune with a child like faith that was beautiful to behold to bestow upon him a straight flush. It was the doctor’s deal and he nervously tossed the cards to the sev eral players as they called for the number desired. Wilkins, with a pleasant smile on his face, was lost in thought and absentmindedly mak ing rings on the table with the bot tom of his glass. "Mr. Wilkins, if you will come out of your trance and call for your cards the game will proceed,” said the doc tor with growing impatience, and cast ing wolfish eyes at the stacks of blue and yellow checks in the center of the tahlp Wilkins came back to the present with a start. “Beg pardon, Doc,” he said, “just tear me two off the roof. Any two will do.” The doctor dealt two cards to him, and holding up a queen as a kicker to his three nines, dealt one card to himself. He squeezed his cards tight ly to see that none of them got away and slowly skinned them over with considerable misgivings, as he thought of several one-card draws against him. To his great satisfaction he found a fourth nine. The opener on his left led off with a modest bet and the others simply made good, except Wilkins, who had brightened up all at once and seemed to take considerable interest in the situation. “If you people play poker with me you have got to have the goods,” Wil kins remarked. “Doc, just stack up alongside of that if you think well of your hand,” he said , as he dumped a stack of yellows defiantly in front of him, and then put a stack of blues on top of the yellows. There was a dangerous gleam in the doctor’s eyes as he fingered the bills that were under his checks. “Well, mine are pretty good cards,” he said, “I’ll just bet you $20 harder, Mr. Man,” and pushed checks and money into the pot. A sigh of distress went up from the other players as they dropped their hands reluctantly into the discard. It was up to Wilkins again. “Doc,” he said, “I’ve got you beat, but I'll just call you. I know you’ve been loser in this game, so I’ll let you down easy.” The doctor glared fiercely over his spectacles at his opponent. “Never you mind about me, you play your hand. I don’t want any of your sym pathy.” Wilkins peeled two tens off his pile of bills and pushed them into the pot saying meanwhile, “Now, my elderly friend, will you kindly let us see what you are sitting behind?” “I'm sitting behind four of the big gest nines in the deck, that’s what!” snapped the doctor. “Sorry, Doc,” said Wilkins as he drained his glass, “but they won’t do; I have here a royal straight flush of hearts,” and he counted them down, one at a time—“Ace, king, queen, jack, ten.” As he dropped the last card on the table his face took on a troubled expression. The card was an eight, and not a ten of hearts. The doctor had been rapidly going into a state of nervous collapse, but on seeing the last card had recovered quickly. i uccu ycaia, and that's the first ten I ever saw with only eight spots on it," he said, sar castically. He drew in the pot and glanced at his watch. “Great Scott!” he exclaimed, “I had no idea it was so late. Here, cash these checks; I promised my wife I would take her to church to-night, and I just have time to get there.” A protest arose, but all to no effect. “Never broke a promise to my wife in my life, and too late to begin now,” the doctor said, getting into his coat and moving toward the door Spencer had taken no part in the effort to detain the winner, but now he inquired if the doctor did not live in Fifty-seventh street, between Eighth and Ninth avenues. “I do,” replied the doctor. “Will you pass Pringle's drug store on your way home?” he asked. The doctor said he would. - “I hate to impose on your good na ture, Doc,” said Spencer, “but I’ll es teem it a personal favor if you’ll drop in there and see if Pringle has any thing to cure you of those cold feet.”— N. Y. Press. Above the Law. Farmer Green (who has been knocked down by a balloon anchor) —Gol dem ’em! I’ll hev th’ law on ’em! Whar’s the sheriff? Farmer Brown—No use kicking, Josh! Them critters is above the law, I reckon!— Houston Post. Disparity in Strength of Arms. Among men, 51 per cent, are strong er in the right arm than in the left In 33 cases the left arm is the stronger; in the rest the two arms are equal. COLD HID IN GUATAVITA’S TREASURE THAT LIES DEEP IN MUD OF VOLCANIC LAKE. Story of the Efforts to Recover Fab ulous Riches Which Were Cast Into the Lake Centuries . Ago. The story of the hunt which the Contractors’ Company, Limited, of London, has made for golden treasure at Lake Guatavita, in Colombia, where it is supposed that the native Chib chas centuries ago cast millions of gold and precious stones in carrying out the peculiar rites of their religion is an interesting one. The company has spent thousands of dollars in draining the lake that they might get at the treasure sup posed to be buried there, and now they are praying for rain to fill it again, for when the water had all been drained off, it was found that the mud at the bottom1 was 25 feet deep and would have to be washed away to get at the treasure supposed to lie at the bottom. But with the water drained out and the clouds withholding their accustomed moisture, the equatorial sun soon baked the surface of the bot tom as hard as a rock. This put a stop to the effort to get at the treasure and for two years now the company has been waiting for rain. Gold Idol Recovered from Lake. The reason for the belief that this lake holds untold treasure is due to a religious ceremony which the Chib chas observed. These natives regard ed the Lake of Guatavita, a little pool in the crater of an extinct volcano, some 9,000 feet above the sea level, , as sacred. They believed their pro tecting deity lived in it. This deity was known as El Dorado, which means, not as is generally believed, the golden city, but “The Golden One.” To this “Golden One” the Chibchas offered up every six months a sacri fice which would make even the mouth of a South African millionaire water. They threw into the lake at each of these ceremonies an enormous amount of gold and precious stones. The following account of one of these offerings, given by one of the descendants of the Chibchas, reads more like a gorgeous romance than reality, but it must be remembered that the discoveries since made by Europeans to some extent at least > confirm the truth of this strange leg end. “All the people,” says the narrator, “marching in solemn procession, with music and banners flying, assembled from the various towns and villages round the shores of the lake. Pres ently, after a silence, they made a great outcry, for there, in a litter on the top of one of the surrounding hills, they saw a golden man glitter ing in the sunlight. This was their king, who had first been bathed in a kind of turpentine and then covered with powdered gold. He came slowly Houses of Engineers Who Are Wait ing for Rain. iown the hill, and embarked on a jreat barge. At his feet was a pile )f gold and another of emeralds. He vas slowly rowed to the center of the ake, four barges bearing priests sur •ounding the king’s vessel. Then bra tiers were lighted on the barges, and i great bonfire on the shore. The as sembled people cried out to their leity, while drums and pipes sound id, and the priests raised their hands o heaven. i “At a sign the multitude turned heir backs to the lake, for the com non people might not witness the ictual sacrifice. A moment later there vas a great splash. Gilded king, gold md jewels, were all plunged into the sacred waters. The gilded monarch swam in the lake, leaving a glitter ng wake behind him, while the peo >le, with renewed clamor, threw their lersonal offerings of gold over their leads into the pool. Then king and leople, believing their sins for the >ast six months had been expatiated, ioined in a great festivity.” •0«0«0*0*0«0*0*0*0*C'*C’*0* MY FIRST BALLOON ASCENT A NEOPHYTE TELLS OF HIS SEN SATIONS DURING FLIGHT. After the First Thrill of Nervousness the Experience Was One of Ex hilaration and Pleasure. Everything was ready and at the psychological moment Mr| Percival Spencer, the aeronaut, tilted a whole bag of ballast overboard, and the next moment we were above the elm trees. By that time the neophyte had suffi ciently recovered a sense of his where abouts to look over the side. The crowd on the lawn was a procession of specks streaming over the bridge towards another part of the grounds, 1 Snap Shots of the Balloon Taken from the Ground During Ascent. and the polo players on the over side of the elm trees looked for all the world like little soldiers just taken from a child's box of toys and set out on a green tablecloth. The height was between 1,800 and 2,000 feet. The vast expanse of London lay like a huge map beneath me, every detail down to the infinitesimal specks of white that stood for the tea tables in one corner of the ground of the earl's court exhibition. You could even see tiny specks crawling over a sort of match across a little ring of water to a miniature merry-go-round in the cen ter. That was the Maxim “flying machine.” The completeness of de tail in the picture suddenly unrolled was perhaps the most amazing im pression. For at first, at any rate, it was dif ficult to realize that the scene was real. As the scenic effect of the as cent has often been described before, the earth seemed to be dropping away from you. It was certainly not as if you were rising above the earth. Only, in the twinkling of an eye, you were looking down on everything, with all the familiar landmarks, all the wonted standards of comparison, blot ted out. You may, for example, often have had a bird’s-eye view from a comparatively considerable height say from the top of the Great Wheel. You are then above your scene, and the splendid view is beneath you. But there always remain other points—the steeple of a church, the tower of the Imperial institute, or the dome of St. Paul’s—that adjust, as it were, the eye to a certain focus. But from a bal loon there are, of course, no standards of comparison. The dome of St. Paul’s iB a flat circular hump in the ground plan of ita roof, and the Albert hall is a molehill. Through the haze on the horizon one saw the Thames like a silver streak apparently em bossed above the minlatuv* panorama. It is customary to describe one's first ascent as an experience of ex hilaration and enjoyment. So to a cer tain extent it may be, but I am not al together sure of it. I have not the smallest intention of attempting t psychological analysis of my emotions as a novice, but I think I may say that, a feeling of uneasiness was in thjs particular case not over due to “blue funk.” One thing that kept me quiet was a sense of the unreality of it all. It was as unsubstantial as a dream picture. Trailing, for beginners at any rate, is the prime sport of ballooning. It means that a rope 250 feet long is let down and allowed to trail over the face of the country. If it diminishes the pace, it gives one an idea of the rate one is traveling, and a sense of motion absent under other conditions. For example, you may be traveling at the rate of 30 or 40 miles an hour, but because you are traveling at the same velocity as the wind, you seem drift ing absolutely becalmed. Hence a straw hat for ballooning is not such inappropriate headgear as at first sight it may appear. But trailing gives you your direction and tells you that you are traveling. Over trees, houses, haystacks, everything, glides, twists and winds the rope. It causes consternation in the poultry yard and a sensation among grazing cattle. It is as near an approach to the joys of flying as the neophyte is likely to get in his present incarnation, unless the Aero club suceeds in its avowed ambi tion of bringing aeroplanes within the range of practical aeronautics. P. H. OAKLEY WILLIAMS. THE ROAD TO RUIN. There was a look of despair on his face as he entered the room and threw himself on the lounge, while moans broke from his lips. His wife saw at once that some thing dreaafu! had happened. “Ah, darling," he gasped, "have pity on me!’’ She was almost speechless with terror, but she managed to ask: “What—what can it be?” “'Twasn’t my fault,” he moaned; “but—I—we are penniless.” “Penniless!” she repeated, in a dazed sort of way. “Penniless! Oh. my husband! But I am a true wife I can go back to typewriting. We shall not starve. Only tell me this You have not been gambling, you have not been speculating, and, though penniless, you have done naught to tarnish your honor?” "Nothing—nothing," he replied, with an effort. "Then trust me,” she cried. “Tell me where your money has gone.” The wretched man placed his arm about her waist, and, drawing her closer, ^.sped: “I have paid the gas bill!” No Time for It. Miss Sentimental—Charles, did you ever allow your mind to pierce the secrets of the universe, to reason that this dull, cold earth is but the sepul chre of ages past, that man in all his glory is but the soil we tread, which every breeze wafts in an ever-shifting maze, to be found and lost in an infinity of particles—the dust of centuries, reunited and dissolved as long as time shall endure? Charles—No-o, I dunno as I did You see, I’ve had to earn my livin'. Heroism. ] "A man is never a hero to his valet." "No,” answered Mr. Gazzle. "But considering the chances I have learned to take without flinching I ought to be one to my chauffeur.”—Washington Star.