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About The Loup City northwestern. (Loup City, Neb.) 189?-1917 | View Entire Issue (March 23, 1905)
SLAVS IN FLIGHT' JAPANESE IN FULL CONTROL OF TIE PASS. RUSSIAN ARMY IS IN RETREAT The Movement is Now Toward Harbin —The Muscovites Have Been Slight ly Reinforced, but There is Little Hope of Their Escape. TOXIO—The Japanese occupied Tie Pass at midnight, March 15. Details of the occupation have not yet been re ceived at imperial army headquarters. An official bulletin reports the action and that the Japanese are in hot pur suit of the retreating Russians, but it does not mention any particulars about the fight. The Japanese captured many prison ers at Tie Pass and the Russians de stroyed vast stores. • General Kouropatkin and the rem nants of the army which was defeated by the Japanese on the Shakhe and Hun rivers, and again around Muk den and Tie Pass, are now in the mountains a few miles north of the southern entrance of the Pass trying to shake off their pursuers, who appar ently are not going to repeat the mis take of Liao Yang and allow the Rus sian army to escape. Kouropatkin has been reinforced by the garrisons of Tieling and other northern towns and a few new troops who were on their way from Russia when the battle of Mukden began. Rut even with these there is little hope for him. True, he has some thirty or forty miles of hilly country extend ing from Tie Pass to Fenghuatsien. which might enable him to hold off the enemy for a time, but once out of the hills he has before him nearly 300 miles of flat, open country and innum erable rivers and streams to cross. This is what is termed the great val ley of the Sungari, but is in fact an immense plain, bounded on the east by high mountains and extending northward into Siberia and westward into Mongolia. Kirin, east of the rail way and Harbin, the most northerly point on the railway where it branches off to Vladivostok eastward and to Siberia westward, are the centers of this wonderfully rich country, resem bling in many respects the northwest territories of Canada. From Tie Pass the railway runs over a hill known as the Divide of Kaivan. twenty miles, then striking into a valley, on either side of which rise high hills, emerges onto the plain just northeast of the important Chinese city of Fenghuat sien. From there to Harbin hardly a hill can be seen from the railway train, the line running almost straight, except where an occasional curve is necessary to reach a city or favorable crossing of a river. Beside the rail way there is a splendid wagon road from Tie Pass to Kaiyan, where it branches, one branch making a detour to the westward, skirting the moun tains and running almost direct to Harbin; the other branch passes through the mountains to Kirin, from which center there are many roads. The distance from Tie Pass to Har bin is very little less than 300 miles, and except for the first few miles every acre is under cultivation or sup porting herds of cattle, sheep and horses. So far as the commissariat is concerned the Russians need have no fear. Hardly a pound of last year's crop of beans, millet or wheat left the country, the Russians buying it all. but storing it in stations along the railway, immense shelters being erect ed for its reception. They also pur chased all the cattle and horses and have Cossacks herding them. FORCING THE ISSUE. Trouble With Venezuela Coming to a Head. WASHINGTON—France has official ly informed the United States of the action of the Venezuelan government against the French Cable company, which she regards as h'g’n-handed and unwarranted. While insisting that di plomatie means will be exhausted in an efi rt to relieve the situation, it is declared that* President Castro is rapidly exhausting French patience and thereby forcing France toward the limit of diplomacy. France has invited the attention of the American government to the Ven ezuelan situation because of its inter est in all American affairs and in or der that it mav obtain the probable course which this government will take against Venezuela. It is the wish of the French government to aim acainst parallel lines as far as prac ticable. These developments in the Vene zuelan situation are regarded as the preliminary step toward the relief of the situation in Caracas which Europe as well as the United States has for some time regarded with dissatisfac tion. Dr. Harper Goes to Lakewood. NEW YORK—President William R. Hrrper of the University of Chicago, who arrived from Chicago, left this city for Lakewood. N. J.. where he is to take an X-ray treat men*. r». Indicts Adjutant General. SANTA FE, N. M.—General W. II Whiteman was indicted by the grand jury on Thursday on a charge of ob taining public funds under false nre tences. He was at once time justice of the New’ Mexico supreme court and for the past seven years wa? the ad jutant general of the territory. He ■was removed from office a month ago by Governor Otero, against whom he filed charges accusing the executive of the misappropriation of military equip ment furnished by the United States. ROME—After two weeks’ fruitless attempt to form a new’ cabinet Deputy Fortis declined the task and the mem bers of the old Giolitti cabinet held a council under the presidency of King Victor Emmanuel, who decided that they should all return before parlia ment. Foreign Minister Tittoni taking the premier’s portfolio and also ad in terim that of the minister of the in terior. The decision tends to bring about in the chamber of deputies a vote which will enable the king to de^ ride which man or party uow has the confidence of parliament. READY FOR PEACE. It Said Both Belligerents Want It. WASHINGTON—When the czar calls the war council Tuesday he will be able to inform his ministers that the Japanese will welcome peace on reasonable terms and will promptly name its conditions provided it re ceives trustworthy assurances that they will be seriously considered. This, the emperor has learned from friendly^ chancellories in Europe, as well as the general terms acceptable to Japan. These, it is said, include the reten tion by Japan of Port Arthur, a Jap anese protectorate over Korea and an indemnity. Fr<® a high official the Associated Press hears that Russia has recalled its second Pacific squadron. An attache of a Russian embassy in Europe is quoted expressing the belief that Kouropatkin’s recent de feat will force Russia to ask for peace. Briefly, these were the reports cur rent in the diplomatic corps, and as a result of this important information official Washington believes that Rus sia and Japan are on the verge of peace. If it be true that the second Pacific squadron has been recalled even the most optimistic of Russia's friends admit that this is a strong in dication that Oyama’s mighty blow has made for peace. Count Cassini, the Russian ambas sador, is the notable exception in th© group of foreign envoys here. “How ever generous the terms which Japan might offer." the ambassador said, "Russian prestige is not among them. That is one thing for which the war will be fought to the end. Victory for the Russian arms will alone make for peace. If not at Tie Pass, then at Harbin. Russia will assemble another army mightier than before and with that army it will settle the issue. It may be six months, a year, or per- j haps two years. Time will be no con sideration.” At the Japanese legation it is de clared that St. Petersburg and no! Tokio is the capitol from which the world must hope for peace proposals Mr. Takahira, the Japanese minister said in the most emphatic mannet that Japan had not directly proposed peace. He did not deny that neutral powers, through their envoys from time to time, had sounded Japan a? to the terms on which it would accept peace, but these, he said, necessarily changed with the progress of hostil ities. the intimation being that Russia could have obtained better terms after the fall of Port Arthur than after the capture of Mukden. If the Japanese government were assured that peace proposals would be considered by Russia there is author ity for the statement that Japan would respond immediately. But it will in sist that these assurances shall be oi , the most positive character. Japan's experience in the negotiations pre ceding the war. it is said, will make it exceedingly caut-ious in the future. It will insist that such assurances shall come from the Russian government and not front this or that party or this or that friend of the emperor. CUTS OFF SINEWS OF WAR French Bankers Practically Refuse tc Loan Money to Russia. LONDOX—The revolt of the French bankers is considered by the London newspapers as the most hopeful and important news of the day, pronjis ing an early conclusion of peace be tween Russia and Japan. Apparently the proposed loan has not been ab solutely refused, but oalv "postponed." This, however, is regarded as being tantamount to a refusal, and Ls ex pected to speak louder to the Rus sian war party even than Kouropat kin's reverse at Mukden. It is regard ed that by the death of M. Germain, the late governor of the Credit Lyonnais, Russia lost its strongest financial friend in France, and that had he been alive no difficulty would have been experienced. With the American and English markets closed rri it, it is thought that Russia can only turn to Germany, which is not likely to be much more responsive than France, and the only alternative would seem to be to make peace. LAND FRAUDS FOUND IN UTAH Agents of Federal Government Said to Have Unearthed Them. SALT LAKE, Utah.—Special agents of the federal government are report ed, to have been engaged for some time past in investigating public land frauds in Utah. The Salt I^ake Herald states that hundreds of thousands of acres of valuable coal lands have been acquired by corporations by question able methods. Vast tracts of coal lands are said to have been filed on and pat ent«d as agricultural and grazing land a” then transferred to coal com panics. In many instances, it is stated lands have been settled upon as coal lands under the law which permit? every adult citizen to acquire sixty acres of coal land by purchase on payment of tpn dollars an acre for such lands when situated more than fifteen miles from any railroad. Twenty four M'ners Killed. CHARLESTON. W. Va.—As a result j of the horrible explosion in the Rush | Run and Red Ash mines near Thur mond Saturday night, twenty lour men now lie stark in death in the tw'o mines. Ten of these were killed in the ^xrlosion Saturday night and the other fourteen were a rescuing party which “ntpred the mine Sunday morning to take from the mines the charred and blackened remains of their fellow workmen. These latter were killed by a second explosion and the afterdamp. Senate Confirmations. WASHINGTON—’The senate made the following confirmations: Peter V. I>e Graw of the District of Columbia, to be fourth assistant postmaster gen eral; Nelson O'Shaughnessy of New York, to be third secretary of embassy at Berlin; Francis G. Lander of New York, to be second secretary of em bassy at Vienna; Frajicis M. Wright, to be United States district judge in eastern district of Illinois; Fenton W. Booth of Illinois, to be judge of the court of claims; Clarence L. Hobart, collector of customs for Alaska. RETREAT COES ON THE RUSSIAN ARMY CONTINUES TOWARD HARBIN. JAPANESE CLOSELY FOLLOW The Russians Said to Be Badly De moralized.—Belief That the Musco vites Will Not Soon Attempt to Make a Stand. ST. PETERSBURG—Commander-in Chief Linevitch in a telegram dated Saturday says: “On March 17 Japanese batteries bombarded our divisions in the val leys of Tavanpun and Yanpu. The en emy appeared near Kaotitse on the railroad, about twenty-two miles north of Tie Pass, and their cavalry has oc cupied Fakoman. Our armies continue their concentration.” In connection with the mobilization of a new army an imperial decree or ders an inspection of horses in twen ty-two districts of the military divi sions of Odessa, Warsaw and Mos cow. WITH TIIE JAPANESE ARMY IN THE FIELD. Via Fusan—The Russian army continues its northern retreat, the Japanese following. They have oc cupied Fakoman. to the northwest of Tie Pass. Yesterday evening the Rus sian cavalry camped three miles «-outh of Kaiyuen. Large Russian columns are retreating towards this place from the southwest. The natives report that they are not stopping there, where the hills make a defense possible. If the retreat is forced it will probably be continued to Harbin. The Russians are described as being badly disor ganized. Genera! Ktiroki s army continues to Ipad the Japanese forces, which have been engaged for nine days in a hard pursuit in which they have covered a distance of more than ninety-five miles, with frequent fighting. The weather in the mountains is very cold, with frequent hard storms. The brigade in advance occupied Tie I*a.-s Wednesday night after a brief engagement. The Russian retreat became more disorganized daily after the storm. During the first day the Russians buried their dead, but since then they have left the dead wherever they fell. Tuesday the Russians made an at temot at resistance in entrenchments north of the Hun river, but abandon ed them after they had been shelled for two ho”vs. The colors were inscribed as having been presented to the regiment by the emperor in 18"t. Most of the captured organizations succeeded in burning thnir standards before surrendering. A few prisoners are secured daily. It is reported that during General Kouropatkin’s resist enee at Tower mil on the fir-r day’s battle, he was slightly wounded by an eight-inch shell which fell near him. The Chi nese officers received the Japanese officers and soldiers with banners at most of the towns entered. MORTON SENDS A CRUISER The Colorado Raid to Be Bound for Venezuela. NORFOI K. Va.—The cruiser Colo rado sailed from Hampton Roads. It is understood she is hound for Vene zuelan waters, though reports have her going to join the combined fleet at Pensacola. The Colorado has rot completed the crew she is supposed to leave th!s port with, despite the fact that men intended for other ship? in the Caribbean squadron have been sent to her. Ten expert torpedo men were sent to the cruiser from the League Island navy yard. They left Philadelphia yesterday morning. The order for these torpedo experts was received in a personal telegram from Secretary Morton and the men were taken from the torpedo boat Hopkins, now at the league Island navy yard. The men from the league Island vard were selected by Rear Admiral Dickens, who is the ranking officer at that station and to whom the order from Secretary Morton was sent. ANGERS GERMAN CHANCELLOR Warm Debate Between Herr Bebel and Von Buelow in Reichstag. BFRI.IX—Chancellor von Buelow and Herr Bebel. the socialist leader, engaged in a hitter discussion in the Reichstag over Germany's Russian policy. The chancellor’s usual composure and good humor in debate were dis turbed by the almost savage criticism of the socialist chief, who said that Germany’s “creeping before Russia had humiliated it in the eyes of the world and had brought it to shame.” He held Von Buelow responsible for Prussia's “engaging in.the nasty work of catching fugitives from Russian military service and turning them over to agents of the autocrat and for forcing men and women whose only offense was love of liberty to leave Prussian territory at the instance of Russian snies. Rompers Makes His Report. V* ASHING TON—President Samuel Gompers of the American Federation of l abor on Tuesday, submitted his annual report to the executive coun cil of that organization, now in ses sion in this city. It gives the details of the settlement of a number of dis putes and shows the finances of the organization to be in excellent con dition. The invitaiion of the Lewis and Clark exposition at Portland. Ore., to transfer the federation’s ex hibit at the St. Louis exposition to Portland was declined. Former Iowa Congressman Dead. STORM LAKE, la.—Word was re ceived here of the death cf ex-Con gressman l-ot Thomas at Yuma. Ariz. Judge Thomas, who lived at Storm Lake, left Washington ten days ago for l>os Angeles. Cal., in a very feeble condition. He was delayed three days In New Orleans and died when his train had reached Yuma. He served sixteen years as judge in the Four teenth Iowa district, and had just completed his third term in congress. The telegram said the body would be taken to Ix>s Angeles. COLLECTION OF THE CUSTOMS. Program Under Old Arbitration to Be Followed. WASHINGTON—In view of the ex pected adjournment of the present ex tra session of the senate without fa vorhble action upon the pending Do minican treaty, it is understood that the state department has determined to proceed with the collection of cus toms at Puerto Plata and Monte Cristi under the terms of the arbitration award of last year. It is feared that complications may arise through the action of some of the European powers whose citizens are heavy creditors of Santo Domingo. These claims have been held in abey ance because the European govern ments interested desire to shape their policies relative to Dominica by those of America, being desirous of avoid ing any friction that would cause ill feeling in this country ami apprehen sion that the integrity of the Monroe doctrine was an object of attack. The question is whether, in view of the failure of the senate to act favorably upon the treaty which would have pro vided the means for the payment of these claims, the European govern ments: will longer refrain from impom ant action to collect their debts, and although it is fully realized here that such action, if attended by coercive measures will probably cause an elutli tion of feeling in this country similar to that attending the appearance of the allied fleet on the Venezuelan coast in the winter of 1902-03. the state department probably will not feel authorized to intervene with a protest. PEABODY WINS HIS CONTEST Colorado Legislature Declares He Was Duly Elected Governor of State. DENVER. Colo.—James H. Peabody on Thursday won his contest for the office of governor, from which he re tired on January 10 after serving a term of two years, but his victory was achieved only after he had given his pledge to resign and surrender the chair to Lieutenant Governor Jesse F. McDonald. The vote in joint convention of the general assembly by which Governor Alva Adams was ousted and Governor James H. Peabody installed was 51 to 41. Ten republicans voted with tue democratic members for Adams. Governor Adams, who had spent the day packing his effects, surrendered his office to Governor Peabody shortly after 5 o’clock yesterday afternoon. Scores of letters, telegrams and tele phone messages had reached the ex ecutive chamber during the day urging Governor Adams to hold his seat by force, but he decided to ignore this advice. In conversation he said e felt outraged at the action of the general assembly and expressed surprise that Mr. Peabody should become a party to what he termed a conspiracy to se cure the office of governor for a man who had no claim whatever to the place. Governor Adams will issue a formal statement to the people upon the result of the contest. ASKS ISSUANCE OF MANDATE. Northern Securities Makes Applica tion to Suoreme Court. WASHINGTON—William P. Clough, for the Northern Securities company, made application to the supreme court for issuance of the mandate in the case of E. H. Harriman and others against the Northern Securities com pany in consequence of the decision of the court in favor of the company. He based if on ihe ground that until the mandate should be issued $5,000, 000 worth of property would be tied up by the injunction of the New Jer sey court, and this was an injustice to the public and the owners of the property. Maxwell Evarts. representing the opposing side, objected to the motion, saying that the mandate should not is sue until the opinion of the court in the case is handed down. CARRIED ON CUT RATES. Refers to Traffic Moving Through At lantic and Gulf Ports. CHICAGO. 111.—During the remain der of this year all the import traffic which moves through the Atlantic and Gulf ports will be carried on cut rates. This fact developed at the joint import conference, which was held Friday with representatives present from all the trunk lines, the Central Freight association lines and lines between Chicago and the Missouri river and between the gulf and the river. When an attempt was made to re store an import rate it quickly de veloped that practically all of the im ports of the country had been con tracted for at reduced rates, averag ing not more than 50 per cent of the regular rates. It was agreed that dur ing 1906 nominal tariffs should be ad hered to. The question of differentials between the gulf and the Atlantic ports was discussed and a committee will be appointed to settle the matter. For the present, however, there is no agreed differential. Railroads Defy Commission. SAN FRANCISCO—The law depart-1 merits of the Southern Pacific and Santa Fe have reached an agreement respecting the orange rates. They have decided to ignore the recent de cision of the Interstate Commerce commission, which decided that the rate of $1.26 on oranges from Cali fornia to all eastern points was un reasonable and should be reduced to $1.15. In other words, the railroads propose to require the payment of the existing rate unless the orange shippers can find relief in court. Good Roads Special. CHICAGO—The Chicago & North western Railway company has started a “good roads” movement. On April 10 the company will send out a special “good roads" train through Iowa, from which expert advice will be given up on the subject by means of lectures and literature. The theory upon wh:ch the Northwestern officials are working is that a good road insures the farm ers contiguous to it the certainty of taking advantage of every demand of the market, and thus greatly benefits agriculturists. KOURAPATKINOUT DISMISSED IN DISGRACE ON THE FIELD. LINEVITCH IS HIS SUCCESSOR Fate of the Army of Manchuria Now in His Hands.—The New Command er a Line Officer With a Long Rec ord as a Fighter. ST. PETERSBURG—With the Jap anese hanging on the heels and flanks of the remnants of the broken, defeat ed Russian army, General Kouropat kin, the old idol of the private soldier, has been dismissed and disgraced and General Linevitch, commander of the First army, is appointed to succeed him in command of all the Russian land and sea forces operating against Japan. The word disgrace is written in large letters in the laconic imperial order gazetted, which contains not a single word of praise and also dis poses of the rumor that Kouropatkin had asked to be relieved. The Russian military annals contain no more bitter imperial rebuke. Decided anxiety is felt regarding the j fate of the army in Manchuria under | its new commander. No news of rnili- j tary developments during the last three days have been received. The only dispatches from the from are the brief announcements yesterday that General Linevitch had assumed com mand and that Generol Kouropatkin was departing for St. Petersburg, dis posing of a rumor that Kouropatkin had committed suicide, and the Asso ciated Press’ Changtufu dispatch of the morning of March 16, and'written at the station of Kaivuan. which was then held by the Russians. In this correspondent's opinion no pause in the Japanese advance is probable for some time. The Russians were losing heavily in the rear guard actions and Japanese columns are reported to be pushing northward, as fast as possible to complete the envelopment of the Russian forces. General Linevitch will have a con siderable accession of fresh troops in j a day or two. the Fourth European ! corps being now at Harbin and depart ing southward. Military officers declare that there are now 268,000 men at General Line vitch’s disposal in Manchuria, and it is believed that this force will be suf ficient to cause the Japanese to exer cise greater caution in their pursuit. FRANCE STOPS THE LOAN. No More Money for Russia if She Per sists in War. PARIS—The postponement of the Russian loan is definitely confirmed. This is likely to exert a powerful in fluenee towards peace as it is the first time the French financiers have shown an indisposition to advance funds while the uncertainties of war continue. A committee representing the syn dicate of French underwriters went to St. Petersburg to arrange the con ditions with the minister of finance and a contract was drawn up for a loan taking the form of treasury bonds running seven years at 5 per cent. The contract was then brought back to Paris for the approval of all the un derwriters. In the meantime the disastrous events in Manchuria naturally aroused doubts on the part of the financiers as to whether Russia would make peace or pursue the war. The influence of the financial elements was almost unanimous for peace but Russia’s dis inclination to consider peace appears to have induced the decision not to proceed with the contract and ac cordingly the signing, which was ex pected yesterday has been postponed and all the pending negotiations are also postponed. RECORD OF NEW COMMANDER ! Has Taken Part in Russian Wars Since He was Twenty-one. ST. PETERSBCRG — Lieutenant General Linevitch. the new command er of the Russian land and sea forces in the far east, is in the sixty-sixth year of his age. He was fighting in the Caucasus when he was 21, took '•art in the Russo-Turkish war of 1877-8. and has sinoe then-taken part in all of Russia’ campaigns. Linevitch was also prominent in the relief of the legations at Peking. He is greatly beloved by the soldiers because of his constant solicitude for their welfare. At the battle of Mukden General Linevitch was reported, March 5. as stubbornly holding his position and as having repulsed thirteen consecutive attacks of the Japanese, but in spite of this he is said to have Scaped with slight losses, and March 13 he enter ed the Russian lines south of Tie Pas? with his regiments in perfect order. The following day the Russian troops, apparently those commanded by Gen eral Linevitch. repulsed an attack at the Fan river, the Japanese leaving 1 000 killed before the Russian posi tion. Girls Lead Strike Breakers. CHICAGO—Girl leaders have escort ed hundred? of strike breakers to safety from the big clothing factories in the wholesale district, which were besieged by workers' pickets. The employers adopted this strategy suc cessfully when it was feared the po lice would be unable to prevent a seri ous clash between the union and non union faction?. From the workrooms of the International Tailoring company and of Fred Kaufman the young wo men marched through crowds of jeer ing strikers without flinching. Disaster Grows in Magnitude. MUKDEN—Every hour increases the magnitude of the disaster suf fered by the Russian armies. It is said 25.000 dead are known to have been left on the field, making the casu alties at least one hundred thousand. Between fifty and sixty thousand pris oners. some seventy guns and enor mous quantities of ammunition and provisions fell into the hands of the Japanese. The Japanese losses do not exceed those of the former great battles, even General Kuroki's army losing: o»»iv five thousand. DEATH OF SENATOR BATE. Veteran Soldier and Statesman Suc cumbs to Pneumonia. United States Senator William Brimage Bate of Tennessee, twice governor of his state, a veteran of both the Mexican and civil wars, ris ing front private to major general in the latter and for eighteen years a conspicuous member of the upper house of congress, died at his hotel apartments in Washington, March 7, aged 78 years. Death was rue to pneumonia and defective heart. Sen ator Bate attended the inauguration ceremonies on March 4 and his death is believed to be due primarily to ex posture on that occasion. Senator Bate took his seat in the senate in 1887 and was recently sworn in for another term of six years. He was the ranking minority member of the committee on territories, military af fairs and agriculture and forestry, al so a member of several minor com mittees and chairman of one of the minority committees. Besides the widow, two daughters, Mrs. Thomas F. Masten of Tennessee and Mrs. Childs of Los Angeles, survive the senator. Both houses of the general MZZMVrjZ£?/72jG?'J>?77r assembly of Tennessee took appro priate action on the death of Senator Bate. JOKE ON PARIS LAWYERS. Members cf the Bar Supposed to Work Only for Justice. The wits of the Boulevards have been furnished with a fruitful topic by the civil court of Paris, which has ordered a lawyer to return the greater part of the fees he received in a cer tain case. It is not in the enforced return of the money, however, that the humor lies, but in the ground on which the court based its action. M. J. Comely, who records the incident, says the judge declared that members of the bar there work for justice, not for money, and have no legal claim to one sou for services! This, it appears, has been a hallow ed fiction since the days of St. Louis and we can well believe that its re crudescence at this time as a judicial act has caused a commotion among the lawyers of Paris. CLOTHES MAKE THE MAN. Gorgeous Raiment a Necessity for Those in Authority. There is no power without clothes. It is the power that governs the hu man race. Strip its chiefs to the skin, and no state could be governed; naked officials could ext^cise no authority; they would look (and be) like every body else—commonplace, inconsequen tial. A policeman in plan clothes is one man. in his uniform he is ten. Clothes and titles are the most potent thing, the most formidable influence in the earth. They move the human race to willing and spontaneous re spect for the judge, the general, the admiral, the bishop, the ambassador, the frivolous earl, the idiot duke, the sultan, the king, the emperor. No great title is efficient without clothes to support it. In naked tribes of sav ages the kings wear some kind o? rag or decoration which they make sacred to themselves and allow no one else to wear. The king or the great Fan tribe wears a bit of leopard skin on his shoulder—it is sacred to royal ty; the rest of him is perfectly naked. Without this bit of leopard skin to awe and impress the people he would not be able to keep his job.—“Mark Twain" in North American Review. Photographed Wrong Man. A Washington photographer want ed the picture of the president’s friend Seth Bullock, the sheriff of Dead wood, who was selected to lead the cowboy bunch in the inaugural procession. He sent an assistant out to round up Bullock and bring him to be photographed. Presently the assistant came back with a gray-mus tached man in tow and announced that this was the man wanted. The man sat for several pictures. As he was going out the clerk in the gal lery said: “By the way. Mr. Bullock, please give me your full name for the pictures.” “Bullock nothing!” said the man. “I am not Bullock. I am Morgan Bulkeley, senator-elect from Connecticut.” A Curious Clock. One of the most curious clocks in the world is, perhaps, that which tells the times to the inhabitants of a little ery,. which is nothing but a face, backwood town, and which was con structed some time ago. Ttte machin hands, and lever, is connected with a geyser, which shoots out an im mense column of hot water every thirty-eight seconds. This spouting never varies to the tenth of a second. Every time the water spouts up it strikes the lever and moves the hands forward thirty-eight seconds. Fish With Two Kinds of Eyes. The anableps, or stargazer, a fi*h of the eyprodont family, found in riv ers of Guiana. Surinam and Brazil, has each of its eyes divided into an upper and a lower portion by an opaque horizontal line. This gives it in effect two pupils in each eye, one suited for seeing in the air and the other for seeing in the water. The fish is in the habit of swimming at the surface with its head sometimes above, sometimes be low the water line.—Fishing Gazette. FINANCIAL RECORD THE BESTJ Not Once in History Has City of Mexico Repudiated Debt. The City of Mexico has been doin? business for about 380 years. Thera is probably no capital in the civilized world that during the same period has been the center of more wars of con quest or revolution, and yet. through all the troublesome days of these cen turies, this city has maintained its financial reputation free from blemish. Kings have come and gone, viceroy has succeeded viceroy, emperors have flourished for a brief regime and rival factions have striven for the presidency, loans have been forced by one general government to be re pudiated by the next, bonds were is sued during the French occupancy that the republic would not assume, but during all the strife the ancient capital of the Aztecs cherished its financial integrity as its choicest jew el and to-day rejoices in the record that not once in all its long history has a debt been repudiated.—itodern Mexico. TO DIRECT CANAL CUTTING. Chief Engineer Wallace Likely to Be Supreme in Panama. Chief Engineer John F. Wallace, who will probably be the actual work ing head of the Panama Cana! com mission under the proposed reorgani zation of that body, and who is likely to be the real builder of the canal under the president's determination to intrust that work to the ablest man the country can produce, is one of the best known civil engineers in this country, and so well known abroad and so highly esteemed that he has been elected to membership in many of the most scientific bodies of Eu rope. For many years he was connect ed with the Illinois Central railroad, working up through all the grades to the office of general manager, a post he held at the lime he was selected r 7 t!- I J&w S7 JOT some months ago by the canal com mission for the office of chief engi neer. How We Catch Cold. The rationale of the causation of the ordinary “cold" is pretty well un derstood at the present day. and it is generally conceded that when circu latory disturbances or vital depres sions are produced as the result of localized or general chilling of the body surface, newly entered or already present pathogenic bacteria are en abled to attack the body with very good chances of success. At such times it is said that the powers of resistance are below par, and. conse quently, the bacteria gain an easy victory. This point was illustrated in telling fashion by Dtirek, who found that rabbits infected with pneumococ ci developed pneumonia if they were subjected to severe cold, whereas un chilled control animals survived.— Medical Record. Exclusive Religious Circles. There is a good deal of comment just now on the exclusive attitude of certain New York churches. In some it is impossible to purchase a pew or even a sitting. The demand for pews in Grace church is so great that names have been on the waiting list for years. In several other fashion able houses of worship the condition is the same. Some newcomers of great wealth, eager to touch elbows with the most orthodox of respectabil ity, secure pews by sublease, but this is a costly kind of enterprise. It is not uncommon to hear of pews sell ing for $1,500 or more. Indeed, with in a week or two pew 40 of Grace church sold for $1,550. In St. Thom as' church single sittings sell for $150. The People's College. The American boy does not. as a rule, take kindly to early specializa tion, says Walter L. Hervey in th Cbautauquan. The genera! his; school course, whether classical or scientific, attracts the vast majority of students and is likely to do so for many years to come. The typical American high school is one whose chief aim is to provide general cul ture and equipment for life, irrespec tive of academic or vocational des tination. This conception of the hisih school is reflected in the name 'y which it is often called.—“the peo ples’ college." £ a Benefited by American Education. Tong Shin Ye, just appointed Chi nese ambassador to England, was one of the second delegation of thirty youths sent to this country, in 1872 to be educated. He was then, 12 years old. He and another lad were taken in hand by E. C. Gardner of Spring field. Mass., with whom they remain ed for two years. Then, having made great progress in the study of En glish. they went to school. Tong re mained in the United States for si* years. He finished his education in China. A Botany Tea. Dr. Peebles, assistant professor of biology at the Woman's College, ami some of her students gave a unique botany tea in one of the science rooms. All the refreshments, which were of a vegetable compound ex cept salt, were eaten with laboratory instruments. The food consisted of lettuce, tomatoes, asparagus tips, olives, ginger, fruit salad and bis cuits. The tea was filtered at the table over laboratory glasses.— Balti more Amcricar