A work «m chiropody wouldn't be of
much use without plenty of footnotes.
Mm. WlaMtfW * nooihln* *jr«p.
tor etit’.ilren teett • • ..ifton. the (titi, r*'1"C't.,T
tftuuo»ltoQ. oiir»aMi.cuf6rt wind nolle. ifc>c »
Lots of people give advice freely be
cause It doesn't cost them anything.
i KIDNEY TROUBLES.
Urn. Louise M. Gibson Says
That This Fatal Disease is
, Easily Cured by Lydia E.
Pintham’s Vegetable Com
pound. —
“ Dear Mrs. Pi.nuham : — I felt very
discouraged two years ago, I had suf
fered so lon^ with kidney troubles and
other complications, anti had taken so
much medicine without relief that I
began to think there was no hope for
me. Life looked so good to me, but
what Is life without health? I wanted
to bo well.
MRS. LOUISE M. GIBSON.
“Lydln IS. IMnkham’s Vege
table Compound cured ine and made
me well, and that is why I gladly
write you this, and gladly thank you ;
six bottles was all I took, together
with your Pills. My headache and
backache and kidney trouble went,
never to return ; the burning sensation
I had left altogether; my general
health was so improved I felt as young
and light and happy as at twenty,”
—Mrs. Louisk Gmson, 4813 Langley
Ave., Chicago. III.—35000 forfeit If atxxm
testimonial is not genuine
If you feel that there is anything at
all unusual or puzzling about your
case, or if you wish confidential advice
of the most experienced, write to Mrs.
Pinkham. Lynn. Mass., and you will
be advised free of charge Lydia E.
Pink ham’s Vegetable < 'onipound
han cured and is curing thousands of
cases of female trouble.
The Horrible
Tortures of
Rheumatism
— —” '■ ■ ■■ —
can be overcome and
the dreaded disease
expelled from your
system by the use ol
For sale by first-class druggists or direct
from manufacturers, Matt J. Johnson Co.,
1M E. 6th Kt., 8t. Paul, Mina.
Active men of pood character and
address to sell our large line of family ,
and Slock Remedies, Flavoring Extracts
and pure ground Spices. A permanent j
and prof i table business. Team and 1
wagon only capital required. Territory
assigned. Exclusive agency given. A
large business can l>e done with only a
'imall investment. Our agents earn #15
to #50 00 weekly. Write to-day for terms.
THE DR. BLAIR MEDICAL COMPANY.
DKPT.B. FREEPORT. ILL
AllAboutThe
Great Northwest
"OPPORTUNITY a ao-pije illustrate,1 month
ly magatme. (or one year, and our aptcial "Good
News Package.'' containing picture* and hill
information about the fine climate, rich land,
magnificent crop* and gtand opportunities of the
wonderful Northwest, for ONLY TEN CENTS
IN SILVER, if you mention this paper.
THE OPPORTUNITY COMPANY.
158 NEWSPAPER ROW. ST. PAUL. MINK.
Only 10 Cents.
JUST THINK OF IT
Every farmer his own landlord, no fncum.
brines. hi< Lank account increasing year by
year,land value inerros
mh. stock Increasing,
splendid climat", ex
cellent schools and
churches, low taxation,
high prices for cattle
and prutn, low railway
Irales, and every poxsl
_ I bio comfort. This is the
condition of tho farmer In Western Canada—
Provinoe of Manitoba and districts of Assinl
boia. Saskatchewan and Alberta. Thousands
of Americans arc now settled there. Reduced
rate-i on ail railways for homeaeekers and set
tlers. New districts are being opened tip this
year. The netv forty-page Atlas of Western Ca
nada sent free to all applicants. K. Pedley,
Superintendent of Immigration,Ottawa Canada
or \V. V. Hennett, Canadian Ooverument Agent,
801 New York Life lildg., Omaha, Neb.
Thompson's Eye Water
When Answering Advertisements Kindi#
Mention This Taper.
W. N, U.—OMAHA. NO. 5.—1902
PISO S CURE FOR
, bunts where all else tails.
| Beet < uuffh syrup. Taste* flood. Da
in time. Bold by drusalnt*.
CON SUMPTION
You never hear of a person adver
tising in the paper to recover a lost
temper.
There is more Catarrh m this section Of the
country than all other disease* put together,
I and until the last few years was supposed to be
Incurable, for a greul many years doctors pro
! nounced it a local disease, and prescribed local
remedies, and by constantly falling to cure
with local treatment, pronounced it Incurable.
Science h»» proven catarrh to lie a constitu
tional disease, and therefore requires consti
tutional treatment. Hall's Catarrh Cure, man
ufactured j>y F. J. Cheney & Co.. Toledo, Ohio,
is the only constitutional cure on the market.
It is taken Internally In doses from 10drops to
a teaspoonful. It acts directly upon the blood
and mucous surfaces of the system. They oner
one hundred dollars for any case It falls toruru
Send for circulars and testimonials. Address
F. J. CHENEY & CO.. Toledo. Ohio.
Sold by Druggists, Tae.
Hall s Family Pills are the best.
The price of liberty is eternal vigi
lance—and it is always payable In
anvance.
Manual Training fnr Filipinos.
The first industrial and manual
training school in the Philippines has
just begun in the city of Dumanguette,
on the island of Negros. The school,
which Is of two stories, the first of
stone and the second of wood, tl ough
not of bamboo, is due to the generos
ity of H. B. Sillman of New York,
who gave $10,000. The young Fili
pinos are to he taught carpentering,
iron work, etc., and 100 acres of land
have been bought on which to teach
them agriculture. The school is in
charge of Rev. I.ecn C. Hill, a Prince
ton graduate. Dumanguette was se
! lectod because of the friendly attitude
! of the nativete.
l)otil>l<tl Up in New Y< rk Mount*
Of a total number of 160,000 dwell
t ing houses In the boroughs of Manhat
tan and the Droux, New York, only
IS,000 are occupied by a singlp family
each. The total population of the two
boroughs last June was 2,030,000. and
the tenement population, so called, at
the same time was more thau 1,550,000.
Fifty Ywhth at the Throttle.
John McCurdy has just completed
his fiftieth year as engineer on the
Michigan Central, and, although TO
years old. makes daily trips between
Michigan City and Jackson, 153 miles. .
If you wish beautiful, clear, white clothes
use Red Cross Hail Blue. Large 2 uz.
package. 5 cents.
A professional man may be a “lion” \
and still not profess to match his '
wife's jaw.
MORE FLEXIBLE Oil LASTING,
won't shake out or blow out; by using
I-ieflanoe atarnli you obtain better results i
than possible with any other brand amt !
one-tlilrd more for same money.
It is simply impossible to suppress ,
: the man who can't tell a funny story. j
PUTNAM FADELESS DYES color
silk, wool or cotton perfectly at one boil
ing, Sold by druggists, 10c. per package.
It’s a good plan not to send out in
vitations unless they look acceptable.
Nhirt \V*tat Women.
The shirt waist proved a great in
vention. Nearly every woman wears
one. The only inconvenience about the !
shirt waist is the trouble in ironing
caused by starches that produce that
hard, nerve racking effect. Defiance :
| starch contains a chemical ingredient i
! that does away with the trouble. Ask ;
! your grocer for it. Sixteen-oz package
for 10 cents. Made by Magnetic Starch
Co., Omaha. Neb.
The artistic base ball player ac
knowledges the fact that there is beau
ty in curves.
to Winter Use Allen’s Foot EtM,
a powder Your feet feel uneomfortablo,
nervous, and often cold and damp. If
you have Chilblains, sweating, sore feet
or tight shoes, try Allen's Foot-Ease.
Sold by all druggists and shoe stores, 1
25c. Sample sent FREE. Address
Allen S. Olmsted, \jc Hoy. N. Y.
If we could reach our ideals there
would be nothing ieft for which to
strive.
To run* i\ Cold In One tiny.
Take Laxative Bromo Quinine Tablets. All
druggists refund money if it fail* to cure.23c.
When you meet a man with a
scheme proceed to get in a hurry.
WHEN YOlli GROCER HAYS
he does not have Defiance Starch, you
may he sure he is afraid to keep it until
ills stock of 12 or. packages are sold. De
fiance Starch Is not only better than any
other Cold Water Starch, but contains IS
oz. to the package and sells for same
money as 12 oz. brands.
If certain people only tell the truth
It mutters not about the uncertain
ones.
Piao’s Cure cannot be too highly spoken of aa
o cough cure.—J. W. O Bants, 322 Third Ave.,
N.. Minneapolis. Minn., Jan. 6. 10O&
Silence is the most perfect herald of
joy. I were but little happy if I could
say how much.
The greatest of professional athletes
use Wizard Oil for a "rub-down.” It
soften* the muscles and prevents sore
ness.
Reason is a man's guard and moral
principle is his safeguard.
SALZER'S LIGHTNING CABBAGE.
This is the earliest cabbage in the world
and a regular gold mine to the market gardener
; and farmer.
By the way, there is lots of
money to lie made on ear
Best cabbaKt. beets, pens,
radishes, cucumbers and the
like.
For 1 Ac. and this Notice
the John A. Salzer Seed Co ,
Lacrosse, Wls., will send
you their mammoth catnloir
I anu inuKinus oi newer ana vegetable seeds.
I Market gardeners' catalog, As postage, w. s. p.
She calculates to please—the pretty,
accurate arithmetic teacher.
A Cere for the Tobacco Habit.
Mrs. J. Kay. A. W. High street, Ties Moines,
Iona, lias discovered a harmless and tnexpens
Ive remedy for the tobacco habit, which has
cured her husband and hundreds of others. Any
druggist can put it up The prescription and
direction* tent tree (or a stamp to pay postage.
Narrow is the mind which fancies it
can justly Judge of every situation.
ARE YOUR CLOTHES FADED?
Use Red Cross Ball Blue and make the."!
white again. Large 2 os. package. 5 cents.
There should be no time for depres
sing retrospection*
A STUDENT OF WAR.
Daath of Joan de Bloch Moral In III*
Horrlrn to Foaoa.
It Is still too early to estimate how
far civilisation has been advanced by
the life work of Jean de Bloch, the
Russian writer whose death at War
saw was announced the other day.
Practically throughout M Bloch's ac
tive life he was devoted to the study
of the science of war, its methods, its
causes and its political and economic
effects. His study of military equip
ments and methods led him to the be
lief that war, always a horrible thing,
must be Infinitely more terrible in the
future; that, in fact, war was becom
ing so deadly that first-class powers
could no longer resort to it, opposing
armies being unable to exist within
striking distance of each other. His
moral convictions led him to evolve
a plan for international arbitration.
The Czar, who had been strongly im
pressed with M. Bloch's pictures of
war. virtually accepted this plan in
outlining his call for the peace confer
ence at The Hague. That conference
writers in the twelfth century men
tioned the pastime and described the
skate then in use as the brisket bone
of an ox fastened to the sole of the
foot and bound around the ankle,
while the person thus mounted pushed
himself along the ice by means of an
iron-shod stick. And it is said that In
the museum at Cambridge, as well as
in the British museum, there are bones
thus ground for use as skates. Later
caine the wooden frame, with an iron
or steel runner. This was some time
in the fourteenth century. In the six
failed signally to bring any lasting as
surances of peace, but for the influence
M. Bloch exercised in bringing it about
as well as for his contributions to the
entire subject of international relations
he will be long remembered.
MARRIAGE AMONG SAVAGES.
Peculiar Customs That Prevail with
Australian Aborigines.
Ethnological experts agree that with
most Australian tribes every woman is
betrothed in infancy, or even in an
ticipation of her birth. According to
some mysterious law of their own this
is arranged by the old men of the fam
ily. the women having no voice in the
matter. The age of the proposed hus
bands is not taken into consideration,
so that it frequently happens that by
the time the girl is of a marriageable
age her intended is an old man. If in
the meantime some younger man has
set his heart upon her this means a
tight, in which the unfortunate bride
to-be, as she is dragged away, is cer
tain to come in for a share of the
blows which the rival suitors deal out
to each other.
In some of the coast districts, where
not all the girls are promised in in
fancy, the betrothal of a young woman
to a man who follows the occupation
of a fisherman compels her to lose the
first joint of the little finger of her
left hand. This slow and painful oper
ation is performed by a stout string
bound tightly about the joint—an en
gagement ring with which one would
willingly dispense! A marriage license,
equally unique, is common in some
sections, where the chief gives to the
prospective groom a peculiarly knot
ted string, possessing which he is free
to seek the wife of liis choice.—Wom
an's Home Companion.
WANT A WHITE AUSTRALIA.
Qneenslnnd Adopt* PIhd fur Drpurllng
l’oljrnetlsui.
The movement to make a “white"
Australia is not receiving such general
approval as the Chinese exclusion has
in this country, but it is none the less
certain that yellow and brown labor
must go from England's colony. The
bill now being discussed in the com
monwealth parliament permits the in
troduction into Queensland (the state
most affected by the measure, for it is
there that sugar is grown) during 1892
of 75 per cent of the number of island
ers (Polynesians) who return to their ‘
homes during the present year. In 1903
only 50 per cent may return, and by
1896 there will be none In the colony,
for by that year all will have been sent
back to their island homes, whether
or not they hold property or can pass
the education test.
The chief opponents of the measure
are the sugar planters and manufac
turers. who say the white labor in the
cane fields is much more expensive and
much less effective, and they promise
the extinction of a growing industry
on which great sums of money have
already been spent if it become neces
sary to rely solely on expensive and
incompetent labor. Premier Barton’s
idea, however, is that by a system of
import duties and bounties the sugar
industry may be so protected that the
loss of cheap and efficient labor will
not harm it.
President McKinley's Kindness.
A near friend of Mr. McKinley’s re
calls this incident of his western trip.
During one of the semi-impromptu
ovations at a small railway station a
golden-haired mite of some seven
summers edged her way through the
crowd and close up to the tracks as
the big man on the car platform
ceased speaking.
“Do you like my new sash, Missor
McKinley?’’ she called in a sweet,
shrill treble as the cheering died
away.
“Indeed. I do,” replied the presi
dent. with a Bmile, stooping down to
her as she turned about to give him
the full benefit of the huge bow, “Why
I never had such a beautiful sash in
all my life.”
And the owner’s face beamed ecstati
cally up at him, says the New York
Times, as the train moved on again.
‘BILLY
9 P
Copyrlfbt t»2. Daily Story Publishing ( .uuptny
“A most unnatural child— sullen,
sluggish, sneaking,” the rector affirm
ed, punctuating the indictment with
pauses In his effort to be exact A
shadow' of protest flitted over his wife's
face. First, Billy was motherless.
Secondly, under cover of a garden
hedge one day she had watched Billy
take aim at a crow, and hts eyes, eager,
sweet and blue as larkspur, had ap
pealed to her unforgettably. Decided
ly, Billy's eyes when they could be
seen, counted.
It waa said of the rector that he
knew every man, woman and child in
the county; and they, by reason of his
sweet cordiality of manner, knew and
loved him. The rector owed his popu
larity more to a single grace than to
the whole big sum of his virtues—a
grace of sympathy so rare, so discrim
inating, so replete with charity as to
make him quite unofficially, of course,
but In a very real sense, the confessor
of his people.
But with Billy the rector could
make no headway. Billy was his
thorn In the flesh, an ever-present ap
peal to his sympathy, but dodging ev
ery expression of it with the elusive
ness of a phantom. His kindliest
overtures glanced the armor of the
child's reserve. One day the rector
took him perforce for a drive, hoping
to thaw this stolid unresponsiveness.
He told his most thrilling stories; Billy
remained utterly aloof. The rector
was approaching a state of actual dis
comfiture when Billy himself snapped
the tension by dropping adroitly from
the phaeton. He disappeared in the
brush like a scared rabbit. The rector
decided to bide his time.
It wras in harvest time that Billy’s
mother breathed her Inst, swiftly,
tranquilly, meekly grateful for her re
lease. Billy's father had bullied her
into a stingle98 grave. Billy's father,
a burly, irascible farmer, had long
since tired of his sickly wife; he was
doubtless glad of his release. But he
felt a fresh displeasure against her;
she had died in hi* busiest season
without consulting his convenience.
Billy’s conception of death was very
nebulous. He observed the funeral
preparations with a sort of wonder,
though the unwonted stillness and
darkness made his heart flutter. It
was not until the rector led him to
the bier and tenderly told him to kiss
his mother good-bye, and the tall man
with black gloves screwed on the lid,
that Billy began to apprehend. The
chill of desolation came upon him and
he sobbed softly, unobtrusively lest his
father should hear. He had smarted
too often for the offense to take risks.
At last the casket was lowered and
the rector's voice became more solemn.
Billy sobbed audibly. He drew as
near the rector as he dared and in
creased the distance from hi3 father.
Presently Billy heard a thud. “Ashes
to ashes, dust to dust,” and the rector
had thrown a clump of dirt at his
mother! He moaned aloud in his an
guish. To Billy, who knew nothing of
symbolism, the act savored only of un
friendliness. He interpreted it in the
light of his own experience, and in
i road-side warfare with his kind, Billy
had learned the value of pebbly sand
as ammunition.
Hence the rector s difliculty with his
young parishioner.
The farmer lost no time in bringing
home a buxom widow whose quarrel
some progeny soon crowded Billy out.
A nostalgia for the woods seized him;
he became nomadic in his effort at self
effacement, and his father, who hated
the sight of his under-sized offspring
"slinking around like a whipped dog,"
was not sorry. No wonder Billy pass
ed as "sullen, sluggish, sneaking."
Billy exulted in woodcraft. He knew
the boggy hollows where the violets
and blood-root grew; the songs of the
birds were the familiar voices of his
friends, and he studied the habits of
the birds and chipmunks with the
fervor of a naturalist. Billy did not
miss his mother's kisses so poignantly
in the forest.
In the course of time a new interest
came into Billy’s life. One day in
He sniffed at Billy,
passing the rectory he saw a little,
yellow pig frisking about the lawn in
the most unaccountable fashion. Billy
stopped short in amazement. It wasn’t
a pig after all, but could It be—yes.
it was a dog. a tawny, little rolyboly
with a black stripe down his back,
and a tail that curled like a pig's, and
a face that reminded Billy of old IJncle
Ike’s bulldog, only it was black and
looked less dangerous. Billy sidled
up to the fence and whistled softly.
The pug frisked over with his nose in
quisltively tilted. He sniffed at Billy
and then backed off. Evidently he was
not prepossessed. Billy dived into his
pocket for his lunch and held It coax
tngly between the palings, but the pug
was not to be baited with coarse bread
and ham. He had never eaten so
mean a meal in all his petted, well-fed
life. Billy did not consider this a bad
beginning, however; he was so accus
tomed to being snarled at by the surly
country dogs.
Billy finally broke the Ice In this
wise. Having heard of the pugs pre
dilection for candy, he determined to
play his trump card. He had long
carried in a safe inner pocket a nickel
which he kept partly for the lack of a
suitablo investment and partly because
the consciousness of ownership ex
pressed in dollars and cents is so sweet
to a boy. Now Billy had so fullen un
der the spell of the pug’s enchantments
that he cheerfully spent his nickel
penny by penny, for the toothsome
commodity which was the price of the
dog’s good will. And the weeks of
joyous fellowship that followed left
Billy nothing to regret in his bargain.
Billy’s new-found happiness came to
a sudden end, however, when he saw
sinister signs of departure about the
rectory. The rector's guests were go
ing, and the impending separation
from his dear, canine playfellow filled
him with despair. Now, Billy could
not know that the dog had been given
to the rector’s wife. He assumed that
as It had arrived with the strangers, it
would also depart with them.
Billy thought the situation over in
bitter rebellion. Gradually he evolved
a way out of his trouble. He remem
bered with a thrill the long-disused
shanty in a clearing in the woods,
where he kept a rusty, old musket and
other valuables safe from the vandal
ism of his step-brothers. What could
be simpler than to secrete the dog in
this safe place—yes. indefinitely?
Billy would bring his own portions of
meat and cakes for him to eat, and
tt ’re were a few corn sacks in ihe
barn which would do admirably for bis
“How came you to do it?”
bed. Billy acted upon this alluring
plan.
A week elapsed and Billy heard ru
mor of the distress at the rectory
which took the edge off his satisfac
tion. The rector's wife had actually
been seen in tears—a state of things
poor Billy had not foreseen. His con
science began to work in deadly earn
est. and he would hug the dog in a pas
sion of repentance. His mother’s
griefs were too fresh in his mind for
him to be indifferent to tears. An old
formula which she had patiently in
stilled became luminous with mean
ing. “Do unto others." Assuredly,
Billy's conscience had become sadly
over-weighted.
Yes, he would take the dog back and
make a clean breast of it. He thought
of what might happen when the rector
told his father, with dark misgivings,
but he would know that the rector's
wife was not crying.
At twilight they started. Billy wish
ed that he felt like frisking, too, but
his courage oozed with every step.
Billy's rap brought the rector to the
door. The pug yelped delightedly. In
the noisy welcome that followed Billy
would have slipped away, but the rec
tor drew him inside.
“Where did you find him, Billy?”
“Didn't find him,” said Billy laconi
cally.
“Where has he been?”
“I had him.” Billy was dreadfully
scared, but he was not ready to tell the
whereabouts of his treasure house.
The rector took another tack. “Billy
did you bring him back because you
were sorry you had done wrong?” The
rector was sounding his “moral sense “
Billy’s head dropped lower.
“Who required you to bring him
back?”
“Nobody,” Billy muttered.
“You brought him because you were
sorry for us,” suggested the rector’s
wife, gently.
Billy raised his beautiful eyes to hers
In a flash of gratitude. The rector
started. It gave the plain features the
effect of an illumination.
“My dear,” she continued, drawing
him to her. “how came you to do it?”
Billy burst into tears. “I didn't
want him to go away.”
The lad’s life was bared before them
in its great fricndlessness. The child
less mother clasped the motherless
child to her heart.
Finally she said, “Billy, how would
you like to be our little son—to live
with us and have the dog for your very
own?”
Billy's arms tightened abo.U her
neck in an excess of feeling.
And so It came to pass.
.— j if
PIE OR TART?
Don’t Soy, “Both, If Yon Pleo»e“
l.«arn to IlUtinguUti.
“Do you know the difference between
a pis and a tart?" How often have
you heard this asked at a dinner ta
ble when the conversation languishes,
and how fruitful of argument the ques
tion invariably is! Half a dozen "cor
rect” answers are given in as many
minutes. The fact is, the point is not
capable of such an easy explanation as
might be supposed.
“A pie contains meat, a tart fruit.”
says some one. Quite so, but who
ever would deny the existence of ap
ple pie? The famous Lord Dudley was
heard to remark at a sumptuous din
ner given by Prince Esterhazy, “God
bless my soul! No apple pie.” And
he should certainly have known what
he was talking about, for this was his
favorite dish. Further, there exists a
volume (dated 18611) entitled “The
Compleat Cook,” wherein are to be
found descriptions of how to make a
“partridge tart” and an “olive pye.”
History may thus be said to veto the
“meat-and-fruit” theory. Mrs. Beeton,
by the way, who should be the su
preme court of appeal In a matter of
this kind, ingloriously describes her
recipe as an "apple tart or pie." Next
comes an even more plausible explana
tion. "A pie is closed; a tart is open”;
thus pronounce by far the majority of
the oracles on this momentous sub
ject. There Is admittedly much to be
said in support of this argument. The
aforementioned laird Dudley, who was
once questioned as to his correctness
in speaking of apple “pie," held to the
“closed-and-open” theory, while Lord
Alvanley’8 apricot "tart” was an up
rooted structure, although sometimes
ornamented with a grille of cross
pieces. But the word “pie" as any au
thority will tell you, is, in its origin,
an abbreviation of the word “pastry."
And we have yet to meet a self-respect
ing tart whose basis was other than
(more or less indigestible) “pastry.”
Wherefore any tart may be correctly
called a pie, though not every pie, as
we shall now demonstrate, can be de
scribed as tart. The whole thing turns
on the origin of the word tart. The
French tourte gives the clue. It leads
us to the I^atin torta—English “twist
ed.” A “pie” is that which is made
of pastry, whatever its form or con
tents. A “tart” is that which is made
of pastry twisted. The merest twig
gle of culinary art on the summit of
an otherwise unornamented pork pie
confers upon it the proud right to the
title of tart. On the other hand, con
ceive, if possible, a totally plain dish
of fruit supported on a slab of bald
farinaceous pastry, and, despite all
preconceived ideas to the contrary, you
may unhesitatingly label it “pie.”—
Pall Mall Gazette.
EARLY PAPER-MAKING.
History of the Art Traced Through
Several Centuries.
The earliest paper was doubtless that
made from Egyptian papyrus, whence
all similar writing material is named.
The papyrus paper used to be described
as being made of the thin pellicles ly
ing between the rind and the pith; now
it is known to have been made of
slices of the cellular pith laid length
wise side by side whereon other lay
ers were laid crosswise, the whole
moistened with Nile river water,
pressed and dried, and smoothed by
being rubbed with ivory or a smooth
shell. The papyrus paper was super
seded in Europe by a paper of other
fibrous matter gradually between the
10th and the 11th centuries. At a re
mote antiquity the Chinese made paper
of the mulberry tree, sprouts of the
bamboo, and Chinese grasses. The Chi
nese first wrote on bamboo-boards; but
for 300 years before the time of Christ
the usual paper of the Chinese was
made of silk-waste, solidified In some
way that has not been described. The
inventor of paper made of vegetable
fiber was the statesman Ts’ai Lun,
born in Kwei-yang, in the province of
Hunan, who In 89 A. D. was in charge
of the Imperial arsenals. In 106 A. D.
it is said he succeeded in making pa
per of bark, of hemp, of rags and of
old fishing-nets. The governor of Sa
markand, returning from a victorious
expedition into China in 751 A. D.
brought among his prisoners of war ar
tisans who enabled him to start a pa
per manufactory at Samarkand. Per
sians learned the mystery, and soon
were making paper of old linen cloths.
The demand rapidly increased v.nd in
796 new works were set up at Bagdad,
where the manufacture was carried on
until the 16th century. The first man
ufacture of '•ag paper In Europe was
in Spain under the Moors; in 1164
there was a mill at Jatlva. Soon after
traces of paper-making are found in
Italy. France and Germany, in Eng
land there is said to have been a paper
mill at Stevenage in Hertford, in 1460.
but little is known of the history of
paper-making in England until 1558,
when there was a well known mill at
Hartford.—Montreal Star.
A (Jold Rejoinder.
“Dere ain't much sympathy in tfls
world, an' dat's a fack,” said Meander
ing Mike, “r took dat policeman into
me confidence. I told him dat r had
had all de troubles extant—dat I was
Jes' a collection of sorrows.”
"What did he do?”
“He looked me over, an' den said
It was about time fur him to take up a
collection.”