* RECIPROCITY PERILS. MKELY TO LEAD TO INTERNA TIONAL CONTROVERSY. ratrlilnr: tip the TurlfT l>y Special Traile Trcatle* Give* to tavor**! Nation* Ad vantage* to Which Other Nations Are Certain to Claim Themeel**■». The Philadelphia Record, an ardent advocate of free trade, lias something really sensible to say on the subject ot tinkering with tariffs by the ne gotiation of special trade treaties. It does not believe in this method of “whipping the devil round a stump," and its reasons for opposing that scheme of altering duty schedules are worthy of the thoughtful consideration of that class of protectionists who are shouting for reciprocity on general principles and without a thought what may be Involved in the seductive pro gram of buying more from, in order that we may sell more to, foreign coun tries. Speaking of the French and Ar gentine treaties, which failed of rati fication by the Forty-sixth congress, the Record says: "Ln these treaties the protectionists clearly saw an opening for the ad mission of the knit goods of England and Germany and of the wool of Aus tralia on the same terms. At the same time they could not discern much com pensation in the proposed reductions of the tariffs of France and Argentina on American import.^ the reductions being of much more concern to the consumers in those countries than to American producers. "Such is, in fact, the case with all tariffs on reciprocity arrangements. To the American people, consumers and producers alike, a fair and square re duction of excessive rates of duty is infinitely preferable to bargaining for privileges and preferences in reciproc ity treaties. Nearly every one of these treaties contained the germ of inter national controversy. If reductions of * duty had been made on French knit goods in a reciprocity treaty, how could the same reduction have been reason ably refused upon the same classes of goods from England and Germany? The duties on the wool of Argentina could not be reduced without making a like reduction on the wools of all other Andean countries, or without in viting reprisals upon American trade.” Of the two propositions—wholesale tarifT reduction and free trade in spots by means of special trade treaties— the plan of tariff reduction is by far the fairer. Under that plan the producing Interests of the United States at least know “where they are at”; they have ample notice of the proposed tariff changos and are allowed the opportu nity of being heard before final action V is taken. Under the plan of reciproc ity treaties secretly negotiated, secret ly considered and secretly ratified by a single branch of the law-making power, the domestic producer discov ers too late for effective protest that a game of selfish advantages lias been secretly played to his injury and very likely to his ruin. Then follow, per force, other special treaties with other | countries anxious to break into the i great American market, and by the K time we have run the whole gamut of f- reciprocity it will be found that we I have played such fantastic tricks with our protective duties as to make our ft tariff system unrecognizable for the I purposes of a coroner's inquest. tVe j have parted with the control of the , home market and taken bread from the i: mouths of domestic wage earners and ||| their families, for there can lie no in I crease importation of foreign manu t factured commodities without a corre spondingly decreased use and con \ sumption of domestic manufactured W commodities. For once a free trade argument is [ sound. If we are going into the busi ' ness of tariff revision, by ail means let 1 it be done openly and above board, and not in dark corners and by the round about, uncertain, unfair, and most like ■ ly futile device of so-called "reciproc ity"; or, if we are to have a try at reciprocal trade treaties, let it be on m sound, safe and strictly orthodox lines ' laid down in the Republican national JEt platform of 1900—namely, by tariff concessions on articles which "we do f-, not ourselves produce." in any case, let the issue lie presented fairly and squarely. If the country is tired of ■ protection and is ready for another ex periment of "tariff reform" it will have * the opportunity of saying so next year at the congressional elections. Then, if the voters so elect, the way will be opened for the installation of a free trade congress and a free trade admin istration on the 4th of March. 1905. The American Economist does not think that the voters of the country will so elect if the issue of protection or free trade is submitted to them on its merits and stripped of the delusive sham of reciprocity which is not recip rocal. PROSPEROUS IN SPITE OF HERSELF. Mr. A. L. Watson of St. Louis la quoted hi tjie New York Times as say ing in respect to conditions in his section: “We have much to be satisfied with, little to complain of, in respect to busi ness conditions. On all sides there are signs of prosperity. Merchants are busy, labor is fully and profitably em ployed, building operations are on an extensive scale, money is plentiful, the prospects for the crops in our neigh borhood are very promising, and the railroads are going on to greater pros perity.” “The rain falleth on the just and on the unjust.” saith the Scriptures; and. although the state of Missouri did not sufficiently appreciate prosperity to cast her electoral vote la the last cam patgn for tho party and tho policy to | which all her prosperity is duo, she Is 1 sharing with the rest of tho country in the good times which Dingley law ; protection has brought to the Ameri can people. There Is time yet for a I change of heart; and perhaps four more years of such prosperity as Mis j souri is having will bring the state into line in support of the policy which looks out for and gives protection to American interests. A MONOPOLY SMASHED BY PROTECTION. Now it is announced from London that “the Welsh tin piste industry, which has already been stricken by American competition, is menaced by early extinction, owing to the failure of the employers to agree on a scale of wages.” When these Welsh makers monopo lized the market, as they did before the McKinley tariff, they had a hard and fast trust of their own which dictated prices to the helpless Yankees, and wages to the helpless workmen. But American rivalry has changed all this. Our mills, with improved machinery and better paid labor, have not only gained the American market, but are cutting into the markets of the Welsh “combine” abroad. The comic side of it all is that tho protective duty of the McKinley tar iff was vociferously opposed by the professional foes of monopoly. As a practical result it has smashed monop oly, and in the long run it is certain to give the mastery In one more branch of the great iron arid steel trade to tho I'nited States, where it legitimately be longs.—Boston Journal. PROSPERITY AT THE BANKS. O Owing to the great increase of de posits, extra help is required at the windows of the receiving tellers. A HINT TO MR. BABCOCK. The advocates of tlie proposition to remove the duties now levied on iron and steel must advance some other ar gument besides the democratic war cry, ‘ The tariff breeds trusts!” There is neither logic nor common sense in such a statement. The principle of a protective tariff advocated by the re publican party is as sound today as it was in 1896, and its maintenance as an essential factor of the administra tive policy is as necessary now as it was then. However rapidly changes may come in the experience of gov ernments they do not tread upon each other’s heels at such a rate as to call for a complete revolution, or the utter abandonment of an economic policy the adoption of which has resulted in such a marvelous improvement in our industrial condition during the past four years. No doubt Mr. Babcock will keep these facts in mind while preparing his program for the next session of congress. Protection, and not free trade, was indorsed by the voters at the elections of 1896 and 1900.—Mil waukee Sentinel. IT MEANS BUSINESS. Two thousand freight cars ordered during the space of two weeks is the record made by the railroads of the country. That means business, both now and in the future. It presents evi dence of the fact that not only are the railroads crowded with business be yond their capacity to handle, but also that the officials of the railroads are confident that the rush of business is going to continue. They are looking to the future iu their extension of the equipment of their roads, and are get ting ready for the continual increase in the demand for transportation facili ties which the ever-growing business prosperity of the country will bring about. The demand for freight cars is the other end of the industrial chain, which has its beginning in the crowd ed order books of the commercial trav elers, all of whom report that busi ness was never so active or orders so numerous and so heavy as now. Make Ileite Slowly. The Telegram would suggest that if there is to be any tinkering with the tariff it be done by the friends of pro tection, not its enemies. It will be best to make haste slowly. We have had some experiences with democratic revision of tariffs and we are hardly prepared to repeat them.—Youngstown (O.) Telegram. Knew IIow lie Felt. Reuben Hay—I kin appreshyate what a bitter blow Bryan's presidential de feat wuz t' him now. Jonathan Straw—How kin y'7 Reuben Hay—Waal, I know how bad I felt when I wuz defeeted ter town marshal las’ Monday.—Columbus (O.) State Journal. MAKING IRON NAILS. CHEAT SKILL AND ENDURANCE REQUIRED OF WORKMEN. Work of Ihn I’nriillrr*—A of the "iiqnprR *r" und the "Sluck KollV* —Iron at Wet tin; ll«at 11 l’a»iiil to the "Fluta Kolia.’’ One of the most impoitant industries in Central Pennsylvania, both as re gards excellence of product and num ber of persons employed i3 the Wil liamspart (Pa.) Iron and Nail Works, on the South Side. The market for the output is the world. The visitor to the Williamsport nail works sees tons upon tons of steel and pig iron piled about outside the buildings. The first stage of the process in the manufac ture of iron nails is the taking of some of these pieces of pig iron and throwing them into several puddling furnaces, in which great fires burn. The fires are produced by gas and they are always burning excepting when a furnace needs repairing. Above the furnaces is an arrangement which converts the gas that goes up through the pipe into power for running the machinery of the works. In one of these furnaces the pig iron is melted to a liquid, when the impurities run off, leaving only the pure iron, which ; is supposed to be without fleck or flaw. I The puddler who tends a furnace has j a job which requires great skill anil endurance. With a long iron bar which he inserts through the doorway of the furnace lie separates pieces of metal as they become lumpy, and com poses them into lumps of the size re quired for the next process. This man, just as the others who manipulate the heated metal, is lightly clothed, but the sweat pours from his body in streams, and the great muscles in his arms and chest swell and recede with the laboriousness of his task, let these men are all excellent specimens of strength and health. The most re markable tiling about the work is that it does not destroy or even impair the eyesight of the employes. The process nf melting iron in a furnace corre sponds closely to the boiling of taffy on a kitchen stove, and when it gets lumpy the taffy process is carried out still farther, and only the pulling is done while the iron is red hot. One of the lumps, weighing about 200 pounds, is dumped out into a truck and taken quickly to the "squeezer.” a corrugated cylinder revolving within a drum, which shapes the metal into cylindrical form about three feet long and one foot in diameter. Tli»n the piece of iron, still red hot. is gmsped by a pair of tongs suspended from the ceiling and shifted over to the "muck roils,” a series of rolls of different dis tances apart, which gradually roll the iron as it is passed through them into a long, slendei* stick of wrought .'roil, called a muck bar. The muck barn are passed on and are cut by a great pair of shears, propelled by machinery, uito proper lengths for piling. The lengths, now cold, are tied into piles in the form of cubes, which in turn are thrown into the great heating furnace to be heated to a welding licat and pre pared for the "plate roils.” The muck rolls transformed the crude iron into a liar; now the phite rolls will trans form the pile made up of pieces of the bar into long, thin plates. The proc ess is the same as making the muck bar, except that the roils here are broader. With a pair of tongs sus pended from the ceiling and manipu lated by a skillful pair of hands one of the piles is taken from the furnace when it has been heated to the proper consistency and run through the vari ous rolls, until it emerges at the other side, squirming and undulating like a flaming serpent. It is now the thick ness of the nail for which it is intend ed, about 14 inches wide and 12 or 13 feet long. The plate hardens quickly and is passed on immediately to an automatic plate shears, where it is out into proper widths, corersponding with the various lengths of nails. After be ing weighed the pieces are taken in wheelbarrows out to the nail factory proper, where they are cut into nails from three-fourths of an inch up to nine inches in length and proportion ate thicknesses. Before being put through the nail cutting machines the pieces are heated in another furnace which makes them yle d more easily to the strong steel knives which cut them up into naiis at the rate of any where from 60 to 160 a minute, according to the size of the nail. These machines are operated by men and boys, but they require little tending, as. except ing for the very large nails, they are self-feeding ar.d almost entirely auto matic. After being cut the nails are placed in a revolving metal drum, called a “bluer,” which is heated red. and by this simple means they are given a fresh blue color.—Pennsylva nia Grit. IIft4 Dln*OT«r«il a Cheep Cav Dr. Ludwig Mond, whose discovery of a cheap gas promises to effect a revolution in the production, is a na tive of Cassel, who, although he went to England nearly fory years ago, still retains a trace of his German accent. He has Invented many wonderful chemical processes and has thereby acquired wealth sufficient to indulge In his fancy for Italian works of art. He keeps up a palace in Rome, a town and country house in England and is a member of five London clubs. s:* Feet Thre# In III« Sock*. Prince Edward of ftixe-Weimar wiio entered the British army nearly sixty years ago, is one of the tallest princes in the world. He stands 6 feet i J *wches “in his socks,'’ and in addi- | Mon is a man of great bulk and weight. THE STARS AND THE WEATHER. — ... _y-*-_ Ndflnee tUfs There Is Xu Connection Biittfmn Them. Some have oven supposed that com mercial panics occurred every eleven years, to correspond to the spots on the j sun. The most eminent authority oa the subject in recent times la Sir Nor* ; man Lockyer, who has maintained that ; the Weather in India varies with the j number of spots on the sun. None of J these doctrines have, however, been proved correct by more mature ex perience. If the spots on the sun af fected the weather in any one region, j as India, they would affect it in other | places on the earth. It might be sup- j posed that the sun gives a little loss heat when the spots are most numer ous, especially as it is now known that they are somewhat cooler than 1 the rest of the sun. But the extremely accurate observations of temperature made at Greenwich for fifty years do not show the slightest change with these spots. We must, therefore, con clude that no effect of the sun spots on the weather has been proved. The same is true of the planets. The plan- J ets have so little heat that it is im- j possible to conceive of them as affect ing the weather in any way. The fact is that the extraordinary changes in the weather which wre experience are produced almost entirely by the acci dental meeting of currents of hot, cold or moist air. High above the earth the j air is in constant motion—currents or streams moving with great swiftness around the earth, in some latitudes or seasons in a westerly and in others in an earsterly direction. Through the heat of the sun water is constantly evaporated from the ocean, and, to a less extent, from the land. The vapor rising up mixes in with the aid cur rents and condenses into clouds which are carried along with the winds. The currents vary from time to time, and when a cold and a wet current come together we have rain. The sun shin ing on the earth heats it up, and the warm earth heats the air in contact with it and thus expands it; the ex pa nih d hot air tends to rise and, as it does so, the air from around flows down and in and takes its place. By this i hange electricity is developed, and thus we may have a thunderstorm. —Prof.Simon Newcomb in Leslie’s Weekly. WE SUPPORT SOVEREIGNS. Wbtt We Contribute to Royalty Aiuuuutl to taut Sum. The United States contributes a vast sum of money regularly to the support of foreign sovereigns. The money is not paid, as a tribute, but in the form of interest upon many millions of dol lars invested by these potentates. It is generally supposed that several roy al personages own real estate in New York. As a matter of fact their hold ings consist of railroad and Industrial stOi ks and United States bonds. Queen Victoria is believed to have derived an infcome of 5700,000 annually from her American Investments. She has been generally credited with owning a large interest in the Howling Green building, though as a matter of fact her money was nearly all invested in stocks. Her holdings included American sugar, American Steel and Wire Tennessee Coal and Iron and one or two railroad stocks unknown. King Edward, when Prince of Wales, enjoyed a considerable Income from American railroad holdings. The prop erty has since been transferred to his ..on George. The emperor of Germany lms holdings in the Union and South ern Pacific, Illinois Central and Atchi son railroad bonds. His wife has, be side, about half a million in American railroad holdings, and it is believed that several other members of the roy al family are interested to considerable amounts. The czar of All the Russiaa Is said to be the best Informed of all European sovereigns on American railroad interests. The czar’s invest ments are very conservative—Phila delphia Times. Moy Ying Fook I« Saving. Moy Ying Kook is Boston's first ! Chinese newsboy. He visited one of the newspaper offices the other day and submitted to an interview. Hyo is his statement: “1 sell pape evly day. When I come from school I buy fifteen pape—twenty pape sometime. I go home and eat supper. Then I sell pape on Hah-son-avnoo. I sell maybe tlee. maybe four, to Chinamen, in store. Then I sell on stleet to evly one. Melican boy call me name somo time. I don’t say I hear Melican boy. Melican boy bad sometime. He play gamble, penny sometime, dice some time. He play in Chinese leetaulant. Men chase um away, but Melican boy come back. I no play gamble. I save money, maybe tlee cent, maybe 10 cent, evly day.” Can IU Carved Readily. H. J. N.—A material which can be carved readily is prepared by treating peeled white potatoes for thirty-six hours with a solution of eight parts of sulphuric acid in one hundred parts of water. The mass is then dried between blotting paper and pressed. Pipes closely resembling meerschaum and other articles, can be manufactured from it. By the employment of great pressure a close imitation of ivory bil liard balls has been made of this ma terial.—Golden Days. Lord Robert* no Hunter. Lord Roberts is a fearless rider and usually well In at the death in a fox hunt, but his eminence as a hunting man depends ou his splendid eye for country and his unrivaled knowledge of horseflesh and not on mere dare deviltry. Lord Roberts has had his share of “croppers," but, thanks to hts light, steel-built frame, he has never come to any serioas harm In the bunt ing geld. Mildred Ure'Oanion BV THE DUCHESS. CHAPTER XIX —(Continued.) “Do. doctor,” he implored, earnestly; "I feel I shall never progress toward recovery so long as you compel me to remain in this room,” "And whore, may l ask, do you want to go?” demanded Dr. Stubber, irritably. lie had grown wonderfully fond of his patient during the past few weeks, and could not bear to deny him any thing but what was impossible. “To the library,” said Denzil; “they can wheel the sofa up to the lire, and I promise you faithfully I will not try to walk. Give me your permission, and then my mother and Lady Caro line can say nothing. 1 want to go down to-morrow.” “Well, well, we will see about it,” answered the doctor. This reply, Denzil knew, was equiv alent to a promise. And accordingly tile following day saw him installed in state in the library, with books and early spring flowers around him and all the family at his beck and call. It so fell out that about three o'clock he was alone, Mrs. Younge having been called off for some reason by Mabel, with an assurance that she would let her go back again in less than five minutes. Almost as they closed the one door in making their exit the other, situated at the top of the room, opened, and Mildred Trevanion came in. Seeing Denzil so unexpectedly alone, she hes itated slightly for a moment, and then came forward, looking rather shy and conscious, he thought. She was remembering her last Inter view will him in his own room, and was feeling terribly embarrassed in consequence, while he was dwelling upon the same scene, but was viewing it very differently—not as a reality, but merely In the light of a happy dream. “I am very glad to see you,” she said, rather awkwardly, standing be side his lounge, and looking down upon him. You might have seen me long ago if you had cared to do so,” he re joined, reproachfully. “You are the only one of all the household who never came near me during my ill ness.” Mildred glanced at him suspiciously. Had he really forgotten all about it? His face was supremely innocent, and she drewr a deep breath of relief, which 1 yet was mingled with a little pain that he should so entirely have let her visit j slip his memory. "You had so many to see after you— f was scarcely wanted.” she said; “and of course all day I heard reports of your well being.” “Still you might have come, if only fir a few minutes,” he persisted. “Not that I expected you would. There was no reason why you, of all people, should trouble yourself about me.” "If I had thought you wished me t» “Mildred!” he exclaimed, angrily; and then she ceased speaking alto gether, knowing she had vexed him by Lht! open hypocrisy of her last remark. “If she had thought!”—when she knew, in her inmost heart, how he had been waiting, hoping, longing for some sign of her presence. "So you have broken off your en gagement with Lyndon?" lie said, presently, regarding her attentively. “Yes,” she answered, quietly; “or, rather, he broke it off with me.” “He!” repeated Denzll, witli amaze ment. "Then it was his doing—not yours? How could that he?” Then, jealously—"Anil you would perhaps have wished it to continue? \rou have been unhappy and miserable ever since?” “I have not been unhappy exactly, or miserable; but I certainly would not have been the one to end it.” “What wras the reason?” he asked, unthinkly; then—”1 beg your pardon. Of course I should not have asked that." “There were many reasons," re turned she, calmly. “Perhaps”—with a little bitter laugh—“you were right after all. Do you remember telling me that you thought no good man would ever care to marry me? Well, your words are coming true, I think.” "Will you never forget that I said that?” Denzil’s voice was full of pain as he spoke. “You know I did not mean it. How could I, when I think you far above all women? You know what I think of you—how I have loved you and always shall love you until my death.” “Oh, hush!” implored Mildred, tre mulously, suddenly growing very pale. Then, hearing the sound of approach ing footsteps, she asked him hurried ly—"Are you getting stronger now— really better? I should like to hear ♦ hat from yourself.” “Would you?” he said, looking pleased and radiant, and possessing himself of one of the small slender hands that fell at her side. “Do you really care to know? Have you any interest at all in me? Say you will come and see me. then, here to-morrow at this hour. Think how lonely It is to lie still all day." He pressed her hand entreatingly and kissed it. “If nothing prevents me,” promised Miss Trevituion. with faint hesitation; and then the door opened and Mrs. Y'minge. Lady Caroline and old Blount came in. “Ah. Mildred, got d child,” cried Mrs. Younge, Innocently, “you have b*«n taking care of him while [ was fearing that he was alone all this time. Den zil. you are a spoiled boy from all ths attention you receive. I hope the time illil not seem too long, Mildred, dear. 1 meant to be hack directly." Miss Trevanion blushed, and, mak ing some pretty, graceful answer, es caped from the room, w'hlle Iaidy Car oline glanced covertly at Denzil, who appeared totally unconscious of any undercurrent in the conversation, and old Blount looked mischievous. "Well,” said he, when he had shaken hands with Denzil and wished him Joy in his kind hearty way at having re covered his freedom, “I have Just been with Sir George, Lady Caroline, and he tells me you are determined to mar ry off all your family at once, like a sensible mother.” "I don't know about that,” returned Lady Caroline, laughing. "One at a time, if you please, will suit us well enough. We do not want to bo left without any solace In our old age. But you mean Charlie and Frances, I sup pose?” "Yes,” said he, "they have come to a proper understanding at last I hear." "I think they came to that before Christinas,” observed Lady Carolina; "but the question of late has been when to name the wedding day. Frances was very refractory in the be ginning. but at last she has given In, and It is actually arranged to taka place on the thirteenth of next month; always provided the day Is fine—as she says nothing on earth would induce her to be married in rain ” Old Dick laughed. "She has been such a spoiled pet all her life,” he commented, “that I think she will give Charlie something to do to manage her.” “I agree with you,” said Lady Caro line; “but she is such a dear girl with It all that one can not help loving her and forgiving her the very trifling faults she possesses." "And then true love is such a smoother of all difficulties,” put In Mrs. Younge, softly, raising her eyes from her knitting. “It is time for us to be thinking of wedding presents," said Denzil. “I wonder what she would like, Lady Caroline.” “Well, I hardly know,” answered her ladyship; “hut I can easily find out by putting a few adroit questions. I suppose jewelry is about the best thing a young man can offer.” “And how about Mabel's afTair?” asked Blount. “Oh, the child!” cried Lady Caro line—“surely she can afford to wait; and, besides, she must, as George has decided nothing must lie said about it until Roy is in a better position.” “1 have just been talking to Sir George about that,” said old Blount; "and 1 think it a pity the young peo ple should be sighing for each other when they might be together. I am an old man now, with more money than I know how to spend; so I have decided that they shall have half, and set up housekeeping without further lay.” "My dear Richard,” cried Lady Car oline. greatly touched, "this is too gen erous. Why should they not wait? Why should you deprive yourself of anything at your years?” “My dear creature,” returned old Blount, “I am not thinking of doing anything of the kind. I am far too selfish to deprive myself of any lux uries to which I have been accustomed. But I literally can not get rid of the money; so they may just as well have it as let it be idle.” “There never was anybody like you, Dick,” said I^ady Caroline, with tears in her eyes. “Except Sir George.” returned old Blount, mischievously, at which they all laughed. “And still we have Mildred to dis pose of,” he said presently, with a side glance at Denzil, who gazod stolidly out »f the window. “Dear, dear—will yon leave me no daughter?” expostulated Lady Caro line; and Mrs. Younge, who had grown very intimate with them all during her son’s illness, looked up plaintive ly to say: “There is really no understanding young people In these days. Now how she could object to that nice Lord Lyndon is beyond my comprehension —quite. He seemed in every way so suited to her.” “And he seemed to me in every way unsuited to her,” put in Denzil, im pulsively and rather crossly. "Did he Indeed, my dear?” saijj his mother, with mild surprise. “Well, see how differently people judge.” “Differently, indeed,” coincided old Blount. “And now tell us, Denzil. what sort of a person do you think would make her happy?” There was a sly laugh in the old man’s eyes as he asked the question, and Denzil, looking up, caught it; so that presently he laughed too, though rather against his will. (To be continued.) Cottaga Hospitals for Canada, Countess Minto, the wife of the gov ernor general of Canada, has offered to become the head of a movement to establish cottage hospitals throughout Canada. The less we have the more the re* cording angels places to our credit when v> give.