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s State Capital Observations. s
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t> Expressions Emulative for the Good of 2
t Republican Supremacy. *
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With a brilliance scarcely equalled
In the annals of the state’s history,
the newly-elected republican governor
and state officers were inaugurated
Thursday, January 3.
The joint session of the legislature
met promptly on time—2:30 p. m.—
ami proceeded to the work before it.
Governor Poynter appeared with the
newly-elected state officers and the
outgoing officers. He and Governor
Dietrich sat upon the speaker's stand,
while the others were seated imme
diately in front.
Governor Poynter read his message,
the oath was administered to the state
officers by Chief Justice Norval, af
ter which Governor Dietrich addressed
the joint assembly, receiving a hearty
ovation at its conclusion.
The inaugural reception was given
in the senate chamber, the affair being
in charge of Governor Dietrich's offi
cial staff. The members of the staff,
are Col. C. J. Bills of Falrbury, Col. C.
M. Keefer of Lincoln, Col. C. J. Miles
of Hastings, Col. G. 13. Jenkins of
Falrbury, Col. J. Cameron Anderson
of Omaha, Col. W. N. Huse of Norfolk
and Col. Frank E. Moores of Omaha.
Under the direction of this staff the
senate chamber was made into a bow
er for the ceremonies. Potted palms
and plants were placed on the presi
dent’s stand and an orchestra was sta
tioned nearby. The decorations con
sisted of the national colors. As the
hall was in use up to a short time be
fore the reception no elaborate decor
ations were possible. With the aid of
the Lincoln Light infantry under com
mand of Captain Bolshaw the crowd
was handled ns well as could be ex
pected in a place so poorly construct! d
for public receptions.
It was with great difficulty that the
people were kept in line and made to
pass through the narrow side doors
leading into the senate chamber and
to pass out on the opposite side. The
wide corridor was packed with callers
for two hours and at 10:35 it was
necessary to shut the doors and con
duct the reception party to the audi
torium hall. Hundreds did not get
to enter the hall or even secure a place
in the gallery to view the scene. Such
a crowd was never seen on a similar
occasion.
The receiving party entered the hall
headed by Governor Dietrich’s staff
under command of Colonel Bills. Then
came ex-officers of the First, Second
and Third regiments undpr command
of Major Scharmann of North Platte,
Lieutenant Colonel Archer of Beatrice
carried the standard preceding Gov-,
ernor Dietrich and his daughter, Gen
eral Lee and his daughters, the state
officers and the retiring state officers
and their ladies.
The receiving lino took up its sta
tion on the south side of the chamber.
The standard bearer stood one pace to
the rear holding aloft the colors of the
state. The reception line was headed
by Governor Dietrich and daughter.
At his left were Lieutenant Governor
and Mrs. Savage. Assistant Secretary
of War G. D. Meiklejohn, General Lee,
Miss Lee, Miss Anna Lee, Secretary of
State George W. Marsh and wife,
Auditor Charles Weston. State Treas
urer William Steufer. State Superin
tendent W. K. Fowler, Attorney Gen
eral F. N. Prout and wife, and Land
Commissioner George D. Follmer and
wife.
For more than two hours the people
filed past and shook hands with the
new officers and their guests. The first
to greet them were the retiring state
officers and their wives. Then the pub
lic was admitted and conducted to the
head of the line by the members of
the governor’s staff. Adjutant Gen
eral Barry of the Nebraska national
guard was present to assist the gov
ernor and Ills staff and to escort Gen
eral Lee. When the doors were closed
the governor and the other members of
the receiving line were hurried in car
riages to the auditorium where hun
dreds of people were awaiting their ar
rival.
i ne inaugural uuu was uviimuru uy
thousands of people, many of whom
came from distant parts of the state.
The members of the legislature and
their friends were present to swell
the number.
The guests of honor were General
Vitzhugh Leo and hio party. General
I^ee was accompanied by Ills two
daughters, ^ and tv/o members of his
staff. Major Mickle and Lieutenant
Day, Major and Mrs. Brad Slaughter.
Mrs. Gamble and Dick Berlin. At the
public reception and the halt General
Lee's vivacious daughters made a
marked impression.
The ball surpassed in beauty and en
joyment all similar affairs yet held in
the auditorium. The numbers on the
floor were sufficient for the spectacular
effect but were at no time too great
for pleasure.
It was after 11 o’clock when the
grand march began. It was divided in
two columns. At the head of one
General Lee walked with Miss Dietrich
and Governor Dietrich and Miss Lee
led the other.
Miss Dietrich wore a thin white
dress with low corsage. She had a
white a Igrette In her hair and wore
diamond ornaments. Miss Loe w’as
In white over pale pink. There were
many ruffles on the skirt and around
the low corsage and she wore pink
roses In her hald and on her shoulder.
All the staff officers followed with
ladies. General Lee’s second daughter
wore a lovely costume of pink gauze,
with the v/aist made entirely of bands
of pink ribbon and lace. The color
• —
On Taking l.ir« Ei»r.
The average woman if she isn't wor
ried to death by her wonderful faculty
for making domestic molehills into
mountains at least shortens her life by
many a day through her foolish readi
ness to met difficulties half way. Some
unhappy Instinct impels her to em
brace them, to cling to them.
George Anthes, deputy state auditor,
has given a $10,000 bond also signed
by a surety company.
contrasted well with her dark hair.
Her vivacity and evident enjoyment
made her one of the most noticeable
of the dancers.
The march moved slowly by twos
and fours, then doubled and redou
bled, while all the rainbow colors
mixed kaleidoscopically. Full dress
was the rule, and on few occasions In
Lincoln are so many beautiful cos
tumes worn. The visiting ladies and
the women of Lincoln were almost
without exception in party gowns.
Visions in rose, yellow, purple, blue
and white floated by flower-like when
the march suddenly changed to a
waltz. Many watched with what skill
General Lee guided his partner
through the ball and chatted with
people, but danced no more. There
were fifteen dances In all which suc
ceeded each other informally. No
printed programs bad been provided.
The reception to General I.ee pleased
him very much. He was commenting
during the ball to a number of his
friends about It and what pleased him
most was the fact that the reception
and also the ball was a popular event,
that is no invitations were issued. He
thought much of the democratic fea
ture of the occasion and so expressed
himself on several occasions.
K V
Governor Dietrich's message to the
legislature was what might have been
expected of him—brief, terse and vig
orous in recommendations—a modern
business paper devoid of any politi
cal aspect. Governor Dietrich said
exactly what ho meant, and in very
few words. He touched upon thirteen
or fourteen subjects, the necessity for
the relief of the supreme court com
ing first and taking more space than
given to any other topic.
A fair sample of his style is found
In the following:
“Section 26 of article 5 of the consti
tution should he so amended that the
legislature shall have authority to cre
ate a state board of control for the
management of our state institutions,
and I therefore recommend the sub
mission of an amendment of that pur
port to the people without unneces
sary delay.
“The executive mansion should he
either sold or an appropriation made
for Its proper maintenance. It should
be cared for as any other public prop
erty.”
A professional man elevated to the
governorship could not dismiss these
subjects short of two columns. A busi
ness man. tells what he believes ought
to be done In about a dozen lines.
Elaobrate arguments in support of his
position would not add much to the
strength of these recommendations,
simply because they would not be
read.
r r.
Owing to the investments made by
the state treasurer the amount of cash
turned over being about $91,000 was
the smallest known in recent years.
Treasurer Steufer said after the work
was done that he was in favor of in
vesting the state funds whenever op
portunity offered. The opportunities
are limited by the constitution and
for the reason the treasurer cannot
keep the funds as low as might be de
sired.
“I would like to have a bill passed
reducing the interest of state warrants
to f per cent.” said Mr. Steufer, "and
then the state would be able to buy
the warrants at par. Ti.is would save
paying a premium to get tl cm away
from the brokers.”
«
Private Secretary Lindsey of the
governor’s office, and Clerk A. E. Shel
dou of the secretary of state's office,
went to the governor's mansion and
took an Inventory of the property.
They found everything in good condi
tion. It is announced that Governor
Dietrich will occupy the mansion. His
niece. Miss Lena Meyer, will remain
with him and the house will be in
charge of a housekeeper.
k
The concensus of opinion among the
rank and file of the republican party
expressed in hotel lobby and else
where is that the legislature ought to
wage the senatorial battle with the
good of the party as their chief aim
rather than advancement of personal
ambitions. Upon the conduct of thi3
legislature depends, in a measure, fu
ture success and it is so regarded.
R R
All the state officers with their de
puties took possession of their offices
in the afternoon. In most of the of
fices there was a clean sweep, none of
the employes being retained. This was
the case in the governor's office, sec
resatry of state’s office, the land com
missioner’s office and attorhey gen
eral’s office.
R R
Governor Charles H. Dietrich’s bond
is signed by Jacob Bernard and Hen
ry Sickmann. both of Hastings, who
are wealthy men. They are said to
be able to qualify jointly for $250,
000.
R R
State Treasurer William Steufer
gave a guarantee bond in the sum of
$1,500,000. Governor Poynter ap
proved this bond under date of Jan
uary 3.
R R
Ernest G. Heilman, deputy state
treasurer, has given a $50,000 surety
company bond.
Peculiar Spiral Chimney.
A spiral chimney, 150 feet high, has
been built near Bradford. England.
The chimney Is square in cross-section
and each layer of brick is shifted
l three-sixteenths of an inch out of
place, thus giving a peculiar twist to
each side of the stack.
Tomsk a University Town.
A technological institute has been
opened at Tomsk. Thl3 is the second
institution for higher education In 31
bera. Toms! Is now a university town.
IT IS UNPARALLELED.
WAVE OF PROSPERITY STILL
ROLLING IN.
The Iilnglry Tu,IIT Hill lint Bronght
tjowl Timet to Nearly K.erylxtdy—
The Trrme-tlou* llaLince of Trade
In Oar Fav>»r.
The third full year of the Dingley
tariff finds the total volume of our
foreign commerce far beyond the two
billion-dollar mark, with exports of
more than $1,500,000,000, or about
$200,000,000 more than fur 1893, and an
apparent trade balance of about $650,
000,000 In our favor. Here is a tre
mendous increase over all previous
records of trade and commerce. Im
ports have increased, too, though not
in the same proportion, and we have
been more liberal buyers than ever be
fore of foreign commodities. True,
these commodities are largely non-du
t'able and non-competitive articles re
quired for use in American manufac
tures; and with the exception of a
few luxuries or fads we are buying
1cs3 of foreign goods that ore as well
or better made at home. Commenting
on these remarkable conditions the
Chicago Inter Ocean says;
“In the light of these facts and
figures and the events of the last eight
years, it would be inieresting to learn
what the wise men of the Cleveland
period really think of their system of
political economy. To paraphrase a
celebrated free trade epigram, they are
confronted with conditions, not the
ories. Professor Sumner and his
school would have told us, say twplvc
years ago, or even six years ago. that
the Protective policy of the Republican
party would, within a decade, close
the markets of the world aganst our
products and manufactures, paralyze
our Industries and pauperize our work
ingmen. They not only would have
told us so, but they did tell us so, and,
what is even more to the point, they
proved to the satisfaction of millions
of our people that they were right.
“Yet the prosperity which thesp aca
demics promised would come under a
reversal of the protective policy did
not materialize; on the contrary, some
of the cruelest years of the republic fol
lowed the practical application of their
theories by Mr. Cleveland. And now,
in spite of the “stone wall” the Re
publican party erected around the
country; in spite of the “barbarous
methods in economic reasoning” em
ployed by the Republican party; in
spite of "the perversion of the natural
laws of trade” by the Republican
party; in spite of the refusal of the na
tion to be guided by the learned doc
trinaires of the great universities,
our experts to foreign countries this
year bid fair to reach the amazing to
tal of $1,500,000,000, or $600,000,000 in
excess of our imports.”
Add to this enormous bulk of for
eign trade, by many hundreds of mil
lions greater than any the country
ever knew under free trade or low
tariff policies, the stupendous increase
that has taken place in purely do
mestic trade between 76,000,000 of the
best paid and most liberal buying peo
ple on the face of the earth—an in
crease that must be measured by bil
lions of dollars—and you have an ag
gregate of prosperity so huge that to
compute it takes one’s breath away.
It makes the academicians look ex
tremely silly. It ought to make them
keep still. But it doesn’t. There are
lots of them left yet who will tell you
that a protective tariff is a clog upon
domestic trade and foreign commerce.
Queer people, these academicians!
WORLD’S COMMERCE.
A work shortly to be brought out by
the treasury department bureau of sta
tistics promises to add greatly to the
prestige of that valuable institution as
at present managed. To the careful
and comprehensive work of this bu
reau the country has been indebted in
the past three years for a vast quan
tity of useful and light-giving infor
mation bearing upon the important
facts of our foreign commerce. Than
the reports so frequently sent out to
the press of the country nothing has
had or could have a more marked in
fluence for good in the way of telling
the truth as to our tremendous advance
in wealth and prosnerlty. Non-par
tisan though they were and dealing
solely with facts and figures gleaned
from official sources, and hence of un
doubted accuracy, the bulletin of the
bureau of statistics exercised a potent
influence in determining the outcome
of the great political campaign of 1900.
The opening chapter of the forth
coming statistical abstract of the
world's commerce for a long term of
years shows the total imports and ex
ports of each country of the world
having statistical records, from the
earliest date for which the figures are
attainable down to the present time. In
the case of the United Kingdom the re
port begins with the year 1800, and
shows the total imports, total exports,
and excess of imports or exports iu
each year from that date to the pres
ent time. In the ease of Austria-Hun
gary the record begins with the year
1860; Belgium, 1831; France, 1831;
Germany, 1872: Italy, 1861; Nether
lands, 1860; Russia, 1861: Spain, I860;
Norway, 1S60; Sweden, 1860; Canaria,
1851; Mexico, 1373; Argentina, 1870;
Chile, 1860; China, 1868; Japan, 1874;
India, 1851; Australia. 1851; Egypt,
1874, and Cape of Good Hope and Na
tal, 1351, In each ease the figures cov
ering the entire period from the earli
est date named to the present time.
The subsequent chapters will give the
details of the commerce of each of
these countries, the principal articles
Imported and exported during a term
of years down to the latest attainable
date, and the principal countries from
which its exports are obtained and to
which its exports are distributed.
THE TREATY TRIUMPH.
Chicago Inter-Ocean (Rep): The
Hay-Pauneefote treaty, as amended
and ratified by the senate, needs only
ratification by England to have the
binding force of law. The modifica
tion of the treaty by the senate was
not an unusual proceeding. As Sen
ator Lodge explains, the modifications
were not made In a spirit of hostil
ity to England, but in the interest of
the United States. Even the sugges
tion that if these amendments are
not acceptable to England a proposi
tion will be submitted to abrogate the
Clayton-Bulwer treaty is not in itself
discourteous or menacing. It is in the
line of diplomatic usage.
In 1854 William L. Marry negoti
ated a treaty with Great Britain reg
ulating commerce and navigation be
tween the United States and Canada.
The treaty was ratified, but, its privi
leges having been abused by certain
Canadians, Congress in 1S53 abrogated
it. The action caused considerable dis
cussion, but the power of congress to
declare the treaty void was not ser
iously questioned.
Moreover, the action of congress in
1855 was in accordance with the pre
cedent established in the act of con
gress July 7, 1793, annulling the three
treaties of 1778 with France. When
the treaty of 1800 witli France came
before the senate for ratification, it
contained the statement that the plen
ipotentiaries could not agree respect
ing the treaties abrogated in 1798 and
that the parties should negotiate fur
ther upon the subject. The senate, be
fore ratifying the treaty of 1800, ex
punged the article referring to the ab
rogated treaties.
Eight treaties between the United
States and Great Britain, Mexico and
Tripoli w'ere abrogated by war. Prob
ably thirty treaties between the United
StatPs and European and Asiatic pow
ers have been in part abrogated or
modified by later treaties substituted
for them. A number of treaties have
expired by their own limitations and
a score or more have terminated in
consequence of notice given in accord
ance with the provisions of the trea
ties.
The United States has negotiated in
all about 300 treaties with foreign
governments. It has never violated
the provisions of any, but congress has
abrogated several and lias modified a
good many more. In modifying the
Ilay-Pauncefote treaty the senate has
exercised its constitutional right, and
the president, in submitting the modi
fied treaty to the British government,
is simply performing his duty.
President Washington took the posi
tion that only the executive and the
senate were concerned in the making
of a treaty, and he resisted any act on
the part of the house to influence either
his o%vn action or that of the senate.
This practice has been followed in all
the treaties that have been negotiated
since Washington’s time. The Hay
Pauncefote treaty as ratified by the
senate is submitted to Great Britain
in strict accordance with the practice
of the United States government.
There Is absolutely no reason in com
mon sense, right, or custom why Eng
land should resent the action of the
senate, and no reason why Lord Salis
bury should not accept the modified
treaty.
WHY BRYAN GOT So MANY
VOTES.
John W. Breldenthal. the recent Bry
anite candidate for governor of Kan
sas, commenting upon the opening of a
new bank In a Kansas town and vpon
the deposit on the day of opening of
more than $100,000 by the farmers and
stockmen of Kansas, is reported to
have said that the occurence was “re
markable in the history of a Kansas
bank and showed both the prosperous
condition of the farmers and the con
fidence that McKinley's re-election has
created.”
The occurrence is hardly les3 re
markable than Is such a statement
coming from a candidate of the de
feated party. It shows, what was sus
pected before election, that Mr. Breid
cnthal, who is bank commissioner of
Kansas, was not In sympathy with the
man who headed the ticket on which
he ran for governor or with the prin
ciples and policies which were em
bodied in his party platform, and it
gives rise to the reflection also that
there were without doubt many other
men who ran on the Bryan ticket and
very many others who voted for the
Bryanite party who hoped in their
inmost hearts that defeat for their
party and their candidate awaited
them. Paradoxical as it sounds, it was
| the surety of Bryan's defeat which gave
| him as large a vote as he received. As
Lincoln once said, “You can fool all
| the people part of the time and part
! of the people ail the time, but you
can't fool all the people all the time,”
and the American people refused to be
fooled again in 1900 as they were in
1892. Mr. Breldenthal and thousands
of others who voted his way were not
fooled so much as they appeared to be.
rnllxh How* t»y Kk$%tlnv,
In Europe, where polished floors
have so long been popular, it is the
custom to polish them carefully, and
preferably with a cloth fastened on the
shoe. Professional cleaners or polish
ers have learned to skate about at a
great rate and do polishing quickly eat?
well.
I . ^
Corncobs ill As0neo,lhc
^ Substitutes for
3 USed, l|| Coffee.
Coffee substitutes of domestic manu
facture have long been known. An
infusion of parched corn, or corn cof
fee, Is favored In some households as
a drink for invalids. Parched wheat,
peas, beans and corncobs, as well as
sweet potatoes, cut into small pieces
and dried and parched, have also been
used. Such drinks usually are resorted
to in times of scarcity, or when, for
one reason or another, it is not pos
sible to obtain true coffee. Chicory
is also a well-known substitute for cof
fee, and it is used also mixed in larg
er or smaller proportion with true cof
fee, and by many persons such mix
tures are preferred to coffee alone, as
the chicory is thought to improve the
flavors. On the market are many e :f- j
fee substitutes which, it is assert.<!, i
are made from cereals, and therefore
such beverages are considered especi- j
ally wholesome and to have a high
foid value. The value ns food of cof- i
fee or ar.y such beverage is due to the
material extracted from the coffee (or
other substance) by the water usel,
and to the sugar and milk or cream
added to the infusion. As the bulk ;
of the infusion is water, it is obvious
that the food value can not be great.
The composition of a large number of
samples of coffee and coffee seb'tl
tutes has been studied at the Connect!- I
cut state agricultural station. The f o I
value of coffee substitutes has been
studied by the Maine agricultural sta
tion. The Connecticut state station
found that while somo coffee substi
tutes contain a little true coffee, prob
ably added to give them flavor, meat
were free from coffee. Such goods
were usually composed of one or more
roasted grains (barley, wheat, etc.).
pea hulls, and a paste made of wheat
middlings. Flour, meal and other
ground grains contain a little soluble
material, but, as is well known, the
bulk of the material In them Is in
soluble. When the cereals are roasted,
a portion Is rendered soluble, making
the roasted material more soluble
than the unroasted. The Infusion of
the eereal cofTees studied at the Maine
station was in every ease made ac
cording to the directions accompany
ing the material. The amount of tho
cereal coffee which was recommended
to be used varied considerably,and con
sequently the strength of the infusion
varied within rather wide limits. When
made according to directions, a pound
of material yielded from 20 to 130 cups.
The average amount of soluble mater
ial in the different samples (and
hence the total food material In tho
infusion, not counting sugar and milk
or cream added) varied from 22.4 to
51.2 per cent. Skim milk, which U
ordinarily considered a rather “thin”
beverage, contains almost twenty times
as much food material as the average
of the beverage made from eereal cof
fee. If made according to directions,
one would have to drink four and a
half gallons cf an infusion of cne of
them which made an especial claim to
high nutritive value in order to get. a.i
much food as is contained in a quart
of skim milk. The infusion of true
coffee also contains little nutritive ma
terial. HoSvever, it is not ordinarily
consumed on account cf its food value,
but on account of its agreeable flavor.
It a'ao contains a small amount of an
alkaloid, caffeln, which has stimulat
ing properties. This is entirely lack
ing in cereal coffees if they are mado
entirely from cereal grains.
^UMauwjY'7/w'lplirw'MyB»m v"
If fW'HF' YTfeJ >5 IT CONDUCIVE I
JLLrf* mANi TO GENEROSITY H
A TSPIf ^Ip AND UNSELFISH- §
JC I NESS. 3 3 3 3 0
There can be no doubt about the
modern day popularity of flats. The
servants don’t care for them, to be
sure, because the maids In the high-up
apartments only catch meager and un
satisfactory glimpses of the tops of the
heads of the iceman, the grocer's man,
and the butcher's boy, as those indi
viduals put their wares on the dumb
waiter, whereas they would like to
have long chats with them on current
events and affairs of national import
ance at the back gate. The mistresses
do like this system, however. It light
ens labor and makes a retinue of ser
vants unnecessary, and is altogether
delectable—if the neighbors are com
fortable sort of people. But there's
the rub. One's neighbors in a flat
house are almost as near, If not as
dear, to one as one's family. If they
raise their voices In dispute and a
couple of stray windows are open, one
hears the cause of the quarrel and the
arguments on both sides, so that if
one is naturally of a pugnacious tem
perament, it is all she can do to keep
from leaning from her casement and
taking a hand in the fight. One wo
man who has had four years of apart
ment house life, says Its faults are as
varied as its virtues and are conducive
to patience and generosity and various
other good traits. She got used, she
says, to the piano that made doubtful
music sixteen hours out of the twenty
four and became so that she could
sleep tlie sleep of the just with ‘‘I
couldn’t bear for to see my baby lose”
fortissimo right over her head. She
also learned to hear with equanimity
that there were no eggs for breakfast,
because the downstairs neighbor bad
borrowed half a dozen of her cook and
forgoten to return them. But the man
who beat his wife was, according to
this narrator, the affliction that caused
her to seek a domicile all her own.
This gentleman was of a manner em
phatic, and he showed it by appearing
In a state of inebriety at Intervals and
slapping his better half not wisely but
too hard. The flathouse woman de
clares that the amount of self-control
it took to keep her from leaning out
of her window and, when the abused
wife said: "You're no gentleman,”
adding “That you aren’t,” led to ner
vous prostration and checked an other
wise happy career. Peoplo who live
in flats should have certificates from
the members of their own families tes
tifying that they are slow to wrath,
unselfish and thoughtful of other peo
ple’s comfort. If they are not all of
these, they had best stay where they
won’t have so much opportunity to of
fend their fellows. They must also
determine to do without pets, especial
ly the mercurial fox terrier, and to cul
tivate deafness and a calmness that
will not be disturbed, though waahtubs
and steam threshers are pulled about
on the floor about them.
SOME GREAT GUNS.
Kangeti or from 15 to 15> Milos Are
Now Calmly Proposed.
There is an effort being made in dif
ferent countries to turn the lesson of
the Anglo-Boer war to profit by con
structing ordnance of increased range.
The Boers got their greater range not
by having superior guns, but by ele
vating the muzzle,aa the English found
out when the Boers turned captured
English guns upon them. The English
cannon ilred as fur as the Boer cannon
when the muzzle was given equal ele
vation. But the point remains that the
Boers taught the world that superior
range, no matter how obtained, gives
a decided practical advantage. In 1888
an English 9.2-inch gun made a record
with a range of 12 miles. A Krupp
9.45-inch gun four years later made a
new record of 1214 miles. Recently
there has been talk of a German gun
that ranges 15 miles. But an American
ordnance factory is preparing a 12-inch
gun, it is said, which is to carry a
ahell 19 miles. Its length is to he equal
to 40 calibers and the 1,050-pound shell
is to have an initial velocity of 3,000
feet a second. The difficulty in obtain
ing extreme ranges lies largely with
the gun carriage, says the Baltimore
Sun. Most gun carriages permit an
elevation of the muzzle of but 17 de
grees, whereas the best possible range
of any given gun requires an elevation
of 44 degrees. A larger arc of eleva
tion is the lesson the Boer artillerists
have enforced. The drawback of ex
treme ranges is inaccuracy of fire. Tli >
Boers produced a great moral effect on
the British by landing shells at dis
tances the British batteries could not
cover, but they seldom made hits. They
were content, to demoralize their foe
by subjecting him to a fire he could not
reply to. At Eadysmith, for example,
there were few good shots at extreme
ranges, so that the loss of life caused
by cannon fire from great distances
was trifling. As the range increases
the chance of missing likewise in
creases. a very small error in the aim
being multiplied more and more the
farther the shot goes. At 19 miles it
is hard to believe that one shot in a
thousand would hit an object no larger
than a house.
I-lberty.
The Boston Globe comes very near
stating a fact when it asserts that “lib
erty" is the most loosely employed
term in the English language. The
Globe quotes approvingly from a
speech delivered in the senate by the
late Senator Davis of Minnesota, in
which the Globe says he rebuked the
selfishness masquerading under the
name of liberty in the following
terms:
“People prate about liberty, and de
fine that liberty as the liberty of the
particular class they are speaking for.
The only liberty worth having in thi3
country is the equal liberty of all men
alike. Liberty in its philosophical and
common-sense definition consists in
that right of each individual to exer
cise the greatest freedom of action up
to, and not beyond, that point where
:t impinges upon the like exercise of
freedom of action of every other man.
Beyond that it is the destruction of the
liberty of the weak by the stronger, a
subversion of the very theory of the
republic.”—Detroit Free Press.
ThU Wan Not Rwearlutr.
Congressman Gaines of Tennessee
urged the committee on rivers and har
bors to recommend the damming of
the Tennessee river, claiming that
much good would be thereby done. Af
ter finishing his argument he invited
Congressman Berry and Alexander to
lunch with him. “Not much," said
Berry. “We don't give a dam for a
lunch."
