TALMAtJK'S SERMON.
THE STRONfi SWIMMER LAST >
SUNDAY S SUBJECT.
_ I
From ?«»., 2r.:1I. M Fr.llowd "Ho Mu.ll
*prr*<l Forth III* kLanili la Ilia
of Thom, h* Ho Thai Nirlmmrlh
Hproadoth Forth HI* Hand*."
(IflWrlglit ;.s:>n hy Loui* Klopsch.)
lu tne summer season, multitudes o‘
people wade into ponds and lakee, and
rivers and ‘-fun, to dive or float or
swim, in a world the moat of which
Is water, all inen and women should
learn to swim. Some of you have
learned the side stroke, Introduced by
George Pewters in 1850, each stroke of
Uioi kind carrying the swimmer a dis
tance of six feet, and some of you may
use the overhand stroke, invented by
Gardener, the expert, who by it won
the 50(l-yard championship in Manches
ter In 186^, the swimmer by that stroke
<arrying his arm in the air for a more
lengthened stroke, and some of you
may tread the water as though you
had been born to walk the sea; but
most usually take what Is railed the
breast stroke, placing the bauds with
the backs upward, about five inches
apart under the water, tile insides of i
the wrists touching the breast, then
pushing the arms forward coincident
with the stroke of the feet struck out j
to the greatest width possible, and you
thus unconsciously illustrate the mean
ing of my text: "lie r.hui! spread forth
his hands in the midst of them, as he
that swimmeth spreadeth forth his
hands to swim."
The fisherman seeks out unfrequent
ed nooks. You siaiiil all day on the !
hank of file river in the limiting sun,
aud fling out your lines, and catch
nothing, while an expert angler break’s
through the Jungle and goes by the
shadow of the solitary rock, and, in a :
place where no fisherman bus been for
ten years, throws out it is line and
comes home at night, his face shin
ing and his basket full, 1 do not know
why we ministers of the gospel need
always be fishing In the same stream, j
and preaching from the same texis that,
other people preach from. I cannot un
derstand the policy of the minister !
who, in Blaekfriars, London, England, i
every week for thirty years preached
from the epistie to the Hebrews. It Is
an exhilaration to rne when I come
across a theme which I feel no one
else has treated; ami my text is oue
of that kind. There are paths in God's
word that are well beaten by Christian
feet. When men want to quote scrip
lure, they quote the old passages that
every one lias heard. When thry want
a chapter read, they read a chapter tha
all the other people have been reading,
so that the church today is ignorant of
three-fourths of the Bible.
ro« go into the Louvre at Paris.
You confine yourself to one corridor
of that opulent gallery of paintings. As
you come out, your friend says to you:
"Did you see that Rembrandt?” "No."
“Did you see that Rubens?” "No."
"Did you see that Titian?” "No." "Did
you see that Raphael?” "No.” "Well,"
says your friend, "then you did not see
the Louvre.” Now, tny friends, I think
we are too much apt to confine our
selves to one of the great corridors o'
scripture truth, and so much so that
there Is not one person out of a mil
lion who has ever noticed the all-sug
geBtive and powerful picture In the
words of my text.
This text represents God as a strong
swimmer, striking out to push down
iniquity and save the souls of men.
"He shall spread forth his hands in the
midst of them, as lie that swimmeth
k.peradeth forth his hands to swim."
The figure is bold and many-sided.
Most of you know how to swim. Some
of you learned it in the city school,
•where this art is taught; some of you
iri boyhood, in the river near your
father’s bouse; some of you since you
came to manhood or womanhood while
siimmcrinR on the beach of the sea.
It is a good thing to know how to
swim, not only for yourself, hut be
cause you will, after a while, perhap-,
have to help others
1 do not know anything more stir
ring or sublime than to see some man
like Norman McKenzie leaping from
the ship Madras into the sea to save
Charles Turner, who had dropped from
the royal yard while trying to loosen
the sail, bringing him back to the deck
amid the huzzas of the passengers and
crew, if a man has not enthusiasm
enough to cheer in such clrcum- lance*,
he deserves himself to drop into the
sea and have no one to help him. The
Royal Humane society of Knglanrt w.is
established in 1774, its object to ap
plaud and reward those who should
pluck up life from ’he deep. \n> on.*
who has performed sue h a deed of dur
ing has all the particulars «f that brav
ery recorded in a pub:;.* re. ord and on
n>H urruai * iuciMi «oiif hi mu'! .tun
gold nuiI Urons#. anchor a tui mono
gram and ln»*rl,»!lon, tilling to futu*.*
Konerulimia ib*> bravery of tb* wan or
vimnn who MMSf one (rmn
drowning Hot If U la »wll •> a or in
thin* m »av« « body from me *1 • i>
I axk you If It W no 4 wor u.« r ibiiiK
tr» aavc an inMiuota *«nl* IN you
a**, tht* how•*. lb* ihi# of fjt»d
• t.p forili for th;a wlmW'-il. It*
•hall ayr«* »d . irtlt hi* hau l-* <n tn»
mldat of lh»n\ a* !»• thut iwttmiMMt
► j>r« uil.it> forth bn ban » o * aim
In ord#r u* umt*r»' »o I toe full fa •» ;
«if tkl* RiOte, |«i wa) t * re* ' t 't'
* iir r»<* la In 4 *i:iksna * < > ion lo
•omi'Uin* < hear f«*o|*l* i» »in* of rt*
they 1 *ii( iU«i the tootl *.ut‘ful •»"'!*
ik uat tana u*gr iiu* tma ,<>« it 1*
a**w*“i anoibar wn i* 1 il* word
mot hr r*, aiHtiwr *»»* II i» t» nor 4
’ J*»u. . ho: I i* t * ''I hi » **'
m*rn la • I injt* la 1* >u lb* *>• 1
n oat min and bai*'**, th* n»rd i»»‘
a*» mu'* for atl i|r ioaihi * o*a ■»* an 1
II* {rana aa4 IN Nitv *M H* h *
taming and tn«i n* *d H *ii+ I ** <
•l*llll «iih Hit* lot ars and *■* iho*
lira* touaia ir» 1** . «• clm» f» *' .
ctiil jiii ree the diameter of everything
bad in the universe. Sin is a sibilant
word. You cannot pronounce it with
out giving the sisa of the ilatne or the
hiss of the serpent. Sin! and then if
you add three letters to that word, it
describes every one of us by nature
sinner. \Ye have outraged the law of
(led, not occasionally, or now and then,
hut perpetually. Tile Bibles declares
it. Hark! It thunders two ciaps: "The
heart is deceitful above all things, and
desperately wicked." “The soul that
sinneth. It shall die.” What the Bible
says, our own conscience affirms.
After Judge Morgan had sentenced
Lady Jane Grey to death, his con
science troubled him so much for the
deed that he became insauo, and all
through his insanity he kept saying:
"Take her away from me! Lady Jane
Grey! Take her away! Lady Jane
Grey!" It was the voice of conscience.
And no man ever does anything wrong,
however great or small, but his con
science brings that tnalter before him.
and at every step of his misbehavior
it says, “Wrong, wrong!" Sin !s a lep
rosy; sin is a paralysis; sin is a con
sumption; sin Is pollution; tin is death.
Give it a fair chance, and it will swamp
you and me, body, mind and soul, for
ever. In this world it only gives a
faint intimation of its virulence. You
see a patient in the flr.it stages of ty
phoid fever. The check is somewhat.
Hushed, the hands somewhat hot, pre
ceded by a slight chill, “Why," you
say, “typhoid fever does not seem to
he much of a di-ease.” But wait until
the patient has broil six weeks under
it, and all his energies have been
wrung out, and he is too weak to lift
his little finger, and his intellect gone,
then yon see the full havoc of the
disease. Now, sin in this world is an
ailment which is only In its ttrst
stag-s; but let it get under full sway
and it is an all-consuming typhoid. Oh,
if we could nee our unpardoned sins
as Clod >e?s them, our teeth would chat
ter and our knees would knock to
gether, and our respiration would he
choked, and our heart would break. If
your sins are unforgiven, they are
hearing you down, and you are sink
ing sinking away from happiness,
sinking away from God, sinking away
from everything that is good and
blessed.
Then what do we want? A swim
mer! A strong swimmer! A swift
swimmer! And, blessed he God! in
my text wo have him announced. “He
shall spread forth his hands in the
midst of them, as he that swimmeth
stretcheth forth his hands to swim.”
You have noticed that when a swimmer
goes to rescue any one he puts off his
heavy apparel. He must not have auy
such impediment about him if he is
going to do this great deed. And whrn
Christ stepped fortli to save us he
shook off the sandals of heaven, and
his feet were free, and then he stepped
down into the wave of our transgres
sions, and it came up over liis wounded
feet, and it came above the spear stab
in his side—aye, it dashed to the lacer
ated temple, the high-water mark of
his anguish. Then, rising above the
flood, "lie stretched forth his hands in
the midst of them, as lie that switn
meth spreadeth forth his hands to |
swim,"
I have sometimes thought what a
spectacle the ocean beil will present
when in the last clay the water is all
drawn off. It will be a line of wrecks
from beach to beach. There is where
tj.e harpooners went down. There Is
where the line of battleships went
clown. There is where the merchant
men went down. There is where the
steamers went down- a long line of
wrecks from beach to beach. What a
spectacle in the last day, when the wa
ter i3 drawn off! Out oh. how much
more solemn if we had an eye to see
the spiritual wrecks and the places
where they foundered! You would find
thousands along our roads and streets.
Christ came down in :heir awful catas
trophe, putting out for their souls,
“spreading forth his hands as a swim
mer spreadeth forth his hands to
swiiu”; but they thrust him in the pore
heart, and they smote his fair cheek
and the storm and darknes.-. swallowed
them up. 1 ask you to lay hold of this
Christ and lay hold of him now. You
will sink without him. From horizon
to horizon not one sail in sight, only ,
one strong swimmer, with head hung
back and arms outspread.
1 hear many saying, “Well, 1 would
like to tie a Christian. I am going to
work to become a Christian." My
brother, you begin wrong. When a
man is drowning, and a strong swim
mer conus out to help him, he says to i
him: 'Now tie quiet. Put your arm
on my arm or on my shouuter, hut j
don't struggle, don't try to help your- j
self, and I'll take you to the shore. The ;
nioro you struggle, ami the more you
try to help yourself, the more you im
pede me. Now, !> quiet, and I'll take
you ashore." When Christ, the strong
gw tinnier, comes mil to sate a soul,
the sinner say*: “That s right. I am
glad to m Christ, and 1 am goiug to
help httu in the wo<k of my redemp
tioa. I atu going to pray mure, amt
lha will help him: and I am going to
weep extra, agantly over my sms an i
tha' sill help it.Hi No. It Will not
!i|ii|i yum doing Christ siil do all or j
none. Y>u c.'Uiiot I f an uni, r; you
ran no' in "ie art in, a. in this matter o'
yuUf redemption.
1 tot* I* tb# ,rt«- il.> *iii. h
ihuu*wntt« i { ««mi • otu tit t ii kHmiiom
u| tiMi 'ii. It li .1# Hi** l|*y uano' |
fOttMttt III l**i • till*' tMrfin tN i
i.ii, I. Hr *•» K II* ' li-l' »-•«« 'll.
Him Mk> >»i5i »4 ttcn it lh#i-*
aajft ft* tar «'*■ ta 4<»*' il»!) iiw »t»in*
mil la «i<ii ahJ mi K la liv i
ba:«t »f i*hrl.f mil '*i him #< i ••»«*
Itf4| Milllii) I ttlil **Uin# it a i I '
4a M( hum wi>* k*r i nut* lit* mat- (
ti' i><ai * f < <> l* m» y *»«i u» *»'»*
>■«** that a a* -.* at oo* Mil ,
..Mt mat (It# t.«»•#!»• * H u aI (M <
r. i 4o li, **4 • IS «! • >< 11 ttm m
Hu. Oit, ft .4 aa; ar tt« «iw*~ )
(he arm of your trust and the arm ot 1
your love—arounil this omnipotent
swimmer cf the Cross.
Have you ever stood by and seen
some oue under profess of resuscitation
alter ions submergence? The strong
swimmer has put him on the beaeh
aft:.* r struggle in the waters. To ex
cite breathing In the almost llfeles*
body, what manipulation, what friction
of the cold limbs, what ariihcial move
ment of the lungs, what breath of res
cuer blown into the mouth of tbs res
cued! And when breathing begins, and
af,er a while the sltgnt respiration be
comes tlie deep sigh, and the eves opex
and the blue lips take on a smile, what
rejoicing, what clapping of hands all
up and down the beach! What con
gratulation for the strong swimmer
and for all who helped in the restora
tion! What shouting of "He lives! Ho
lives!” Like this la the gladness when
a soul that has been submerged in sin
and sorrow is ‘‘coming to.” What de
sire on the part of ali to help, and.
when under the breath cf God, and un
der the manipulation by the wounded
hands of Christ, the life-eternal of the
soul begins to show Itself, all through
the ranks of spectators, terrestrial and
celestial, goes the «r.v, "He lives! lle
Joice, for the dead Is alive again!”
May the living Christ this moment
put out for your rescue, ‘'spreading his
hands In the midst of you, as a swim
mer Bpreaaetli forth his hands to
swim!”
I'lnk Siitlii.
A pretty anecdote of a revolutionary
bride Is related by Ellen 1). Lamed in
a recent little volume upon the local
deeds and traditions of a Connecticut
county. The Incident occurred soon
after the first successes of tlie rebel
privateers. A beautiful young girl, bn
trotbed and shortly to he married, ad
mitted one day to the house u 'can
dering peddler, who undid ills pack
and displayed hi- wares. Hite expected,
doubtless, to purchase some pretty trifle
to add to her wedding outfit; but times
were hard, there was little money to
spare, and, moreover. It was many
months since all imported linery had
bees so frowned upon that no patriotic
young woman could venture to buy It,
nor any dealer to sell it. What, then
was the young woman's amazement
and delight when the peddler unrolled
a voluminous piece of the most beau
tiful pink satin satin, too, quite inno
cent and inoffensive to the most ar
dently patriotic eye, since he explained
that it was a trophy of war, the booty
of one of our own privateers! She gazed
upon it in fascination. What a wed
ding dress it would make! But the
cost—she could not, she dared not, ask
so much money of her father. Nor did
she. But, unrolling the exquisite Sab
ric yet further, she draped the rosy
folds flowingly about her supple young
figure, and, crossing the room to where
all the time her father, a stern and si
lent man, had sat wrJMng iu his ac^
counts, observing nothing, she sank
upon lier knees at his feet. A hand
was laid on his knee; he looked down,
wondering, and she looked up, pleading
— and then be understood. Not a word
was spoken on either sifie. but the old
man's hand went quietly Into his desk,
drew out a puree, opened it, and laid
In his daughter's hand forty silver
dollars. At the wedding that soon on
sued the bride's gown and the bride
groom's waistcoat were both of pink
satin, and there was one more pretty
story to hand down of a real Daughter
of the Revolution.
Iinuruveinant la Luncheon IHnlien.
From the Boston Transcript: t)f
course, it ia being trite to say it, but
we do eat altogether too much meat.
A good many are coining to this con
clusion and trying lo reform, so an ob
serving person remarks, by eating no
meat at luncheon. They aren't think
ing of becoming out-and-out vegetar
ians, but they ar<. thinking that a
j luncheon menu made up of two or
three kind of vegetable-, wound up
with a fruit salad or with a peach or
pear eaten from the hand, is conducive
to a physical reuse of well-being that
makes life seem worth the living. And
have you noticed that the leading res
taurateurs nee doing themselves proud
iu catering to ibis sensible demand of
their customer*? Ten years ago, iT
i your memory ran take you back so far,
you will rpea 11 the fact that the most
comprehensive menu at your favorite
lunching place offered you tomatoes in
nothing hut Ju*t the most straightfor
ward ami unadorned guise, hut today
' it's very different. They are fried and
! broiled and roasted, with or without
stutflng, and as a general thing served
with a ranee that you are accustomed
to having with steaks and chops,
whli h. of course, makes them siein so
tnu. h more u •dish," What you have
noticed in regard to tomatoes is as
true of other vegetables, though very
few lend themselves to the elaborating
process a* they do. And to think that
now and thrn you run across a bar
barian w ho d,e. lairs he had to learn
to like tomatoes'"
N.-u •'>*! " Wllml !•« («,
!ii ihr U'uiniltt Iur* of r
«ood pulp, a voidm* to prwarnt bmmIi
oda, u iim i of t|tru« «ih><| la •aiiQitifil
to equal Hi In1! uf hoard m«wr«, i«4
<h» iiuuntily of raw material will
make half a Ion of - I'phile pulp wr
ton of ground wood pulp N'ewn*
paper atm k la made up with ;i> per
tent of (It* aulphtit* p p and an p*p
tent «»f the iruimil * >ml pi'p V *
u iliutol l>> iiprrti, t >10 pear of
ejiti.e i 4 lid. ait'*.11 a i wth. po- e. , »
a land of about Jw '»• to iM«' a-r*.
0*1 twenty two pin. therafnra. of ihi*
We«t ifftki I i»i| the i it will > * it|t| } %|
ttai feet uf IlmP f. «hi. h an oterire
touipon) of lonaere will Hi m about
eight nay*. But thu riitlra gHanitty
of awiil turned in «t any ww of m*
ii*» uiltta, Wit) in a »i•««)*• day t•
M.Hi rtnl Into It tout * >*< t.ina of Oik
p up »• aiw * u u»k* up n***pop«g
• hi l i'il ’til «ii i. t ot p i ^ will
0.4er Ml vifoe* a tight uf pap f, i
TI1K SI NKAV SCHOOLj
LECCON VII. NOV. 1C NCHE- J
MIAH 4: 7-1 B.
rnl to Commit In Memory for Life
"Hutch aii*t Pray. Miiltlirw -It: 41 —
K< iHiildlog the Walls of >lt'tu*alriu''—
ItU 1 111 I'1*4 of Nclclf.
7. "Mutrha lb*, t' “who appears to hr the
governor of the et;y of Sutiiarbi,"
Admcy. "He was a native of Horonaltn,
beyond Jordan (Nt h. 2: 1 oy, and prtdcibly
it Moabite chief." Kitlo. "Tobiah." "A
thief of the little tfuns-JoldaliU* tribe
to the 'Ammonites.' " and probably \ laier
or thief adviser to Sanballat, "Ara
bian*." The Wandering Arabs of the des
ert. "The Arab Would scent prey In the
project of a warlike expedition.” "Ash
tlotlilt *.**." From A'hdoU, a I’htllsllne el‘y
Hear the Medlirt ralifali roast. "The
1’hlllstlnes were always hostile to Israel
j Tims "all the flotsam and jetsam of ha*
j inanity, the ranged edges of sot lets stv*|>l
I up b the broom of the war god." were
upper rt( to the rebuilding of the walls,
and "were very wroth."
>. "And conspired all of them together."
I hreathed together In unison, as In sing
ing. whispered seerelly, "to t ome and to
tight against Jerusalem." They planned |
to take Neheinlah anti the t ity by sur- |
prise, capture anti slay the workers, urn! |
thus put a stop to tlu* work. Why? tit
Hreaure the Jews had slighted them in
the past. <21 They were rivals, and ll
paint d them to see their rivals nourish
>li) For Ills Jews to prosper under <h>d
would be a slur upon their religion, and i
the higher morality, of the Jews would ,
disturb their conscience. tli The build
ing of the w«lls would prevent them
from plundering the Inhabitants In var
ious ways. It took away a source of
Bam,
h' "And Judah said.'' The Jews from
outside tin t iiy who had be n la elos r |
ioul.n l with the heathen element, and |
Were tainted. "The strength of the
bearers of burdens Is decayed.’*
12, "The Jews which dwelt by (hem.”
Jly Manila lief mid the other adversaries |
"Tin y said unto us ten times." Itepcut- |
idly, , gala and again. The; cither guv*
friendly notice to Nehetnluh of the iao
)io>i d atliick, or tried to persuade then'
fellows tnnn the surrounding towns to
hasten home In order to escape the
threatened danger.
U. "And I looked." He saw the enemy
eonilng. "Itose up," to take t otnttiand
anil give orders. "And said." He spoke
a few words to encourage his men. tell
ing them to remember whom they loughl
under.- namely, the Lord; and what they
had to light Tor—namely, their homes,
and all they held dear.”—Professor
Herein r.
V. 15. The attack was not made, how
ever. Perhaps the attacking party re
celved wold from their allies Within the
walls; perhaps they raw for tlP'ins' lv. s
that the surprise had fulled, and the Jews
were prepared. This was not the In i
nor the last time when thorough prep
aration for lighting removed the neces
sity of lighting. Professor lh et her.
,’.ti. "Half of my servants." His person
al retainers, n allied men, who
guarded lilm on his Journey . They were
divided into two companies, who alter
nately worked and acted as guard. They
could not work In IhMr armor. "Ilub-r
geons." <Mil Kugllsli for coat-of-tnall,
from "halo" (neck) and "bergon Ho pro
test). "The rulers," rather captain*,
"were behind," with the warriors, ami
In tl c best position to direct the work
anil Ieitil iiie soldiers.
17. "They that bare burden*." Toe far
riers who could steady their load v.iih
one hand and holt! their weapon in the
other.
is. "The builders" required both hands
In laying the wall, so that they carried
their’swords by their side, ready n> l»
grasped at a moment’s warning. Prac
tical. Faith and works went together.
Watching and praying, weal; when apart,
me a Hlbrultar of strength when united.
Praying is not a substitute for the use of
means, but the power that .nsplres zeal
and activity, quickens the Invention,
sharpens the Intellect. And on the other
hand, us Hr. t'rosby says. "All the nat
ural means, whether of mind or limiter,
form channels through which Bod con
veys bis grace In answer to prayer. To
Stop these channels Is to cancel player."
The work was completed in .the brief
time of llfty-two days -on the 25th of Klul
11he lust of September). The welts must
1 have been three or four mile* long.
Kiffiii* Wiu willing.
I HiRm's wife was a tartar, ami alio
! had been giving it to him hot one day.
1 She had railed him a good-for-nothing,
trilling, lazy, chicken-hearted, knack
kneed snipe, and had snatched the
morning i. ,icr out of his hand, struck
him twice with the carpet stretcher
and scalded his pet dog. After supper
she sent him into town for some hair
pins, and lllfllns got on tin* street ear
with hard feelings against the world
in general and the female sex in par
ticular. Soon n vinegary-looking
woman got into the car. When paying
her fare she chose to fancy herself of
fended by something the conductor
said. "Are there any gentlemen in this
lar," he called out. "who will stand
®y and see a woman Insulted?” "Mad
im.' said lliihns, rising eagerly. "1
will!"
minor'* Itlaiol In Hr it Colour.
'1 hr Island of Juan Kernaudex, on
which every boy has wandered with
Hobiusoii rruaoe, in to In colonlied
by the Chilean government Slnee
Alexander Sclkiik died, the Island has
tiern Inhabited by only a fev. down
people. .Now t'hlle la to tend out at
once a colony of 1,'iti adults 'I hi fruit
trees which were planted by Selkirk
have reproduced thenu»e|vea, and
l»e< Itts, quinces, pears Mid gritiies are
now plentiful. 'I be Island also abounds
in w:ld cattle goats and pin* The
adjutant i“a swarm* with <od and
other edible ll»h. The rullage w Ut< It
Helklik built, and which I?«>** de
scribe* still exists us w broken down
rum ’Ihe t‘t»lir«n goreriiiio M pm
posew to rktbtni the colony "('niiiei
Island."
|I<IM llm.o I MIO.
How ■ Hotair you* l.itle Ih.J
mas U la stilt you a tlu« page let*
l»r "
Iri; It la all aistdt a billy
nun! |re wants Is bring boon. tie*
iron rr#e I*«m»
Will you have * Bu* uf the ii|rr
i n «4 fejre "** ashtd til* land tiiy
It ltd sts It tu.el of’ a* b«nl th>
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Eat
SCIENTIFIC TOPICS.
CURRENT NOTESOF DISCOVERY
AND INVENTION.
Protection from I.ljtlilniiij; — Mutton
tflllhiiU Tlirmii — A llnotly I'lrlui;
Trough (ir.phitr'i Mu; I'tn Mental
lJITrct. of llio Wemln'r.
Mrnl.ll Effect. of the tTrullior.
Everybody probably feels that his ot
her men ia| condition depends, to some
extent, upon the character of the
w«a*her. in gloomy weather we are
apt to be depressed, and In fair wpath
er exhilarated. When the atmosphere
is stimulating, the mental and physical
energies are enhanced. Starting front
ihtso generally recognized faets. Mr.
Edwin (5. Dexter has made a study of
the effects of She weather on human
conduct, the results of which are
rather surprising. He shows, by a sys
tem of tabulation, that misdemeanors
Involving violence, such as assaults,
are moie common In bright weather,
nml that the same is true of suicides.
On the other hand, menial errors, such
is mistakes In bank figures, are more
romtnon In damp, rainy weather. Ills
Inference Is that the excess of energy
produced by a bracing condition of the
nil- is responsible for more violence
than is the "ugly temper" caused by
bad weather, because the latter, while
lowering the spirits, diminishes the ac
‘ivity of men.
Mutton it it 4i it I IliriHil.
A detachable button, which can lie
fastened in an instant, without needle
or cotton, and which has every appear
ance of a sewed one, and which will
stand a great deal more /strain, is a
thing which will appeal to Use man
who lives in single blessedness.
This button has as an attaching de
vice a metal hook, which, after bring
thrust through the material, is held
firmly by u locking bar folding over
the point of the hook, and held in this
position by a spring.
I'rolecl Ion from f.iielitnlaisr*
A monograph on "Eightniug and tha
Electricity of the Air," recently is
sued by the United States Weather
bureau, affords some interesting in
formation upon the question of pro
tecting buildings from lightning. To
what extent is it practicable to pro
tect a building and to what extent is
it profitable to attempt such protection
when it is practicable? Before an
swering these questions it Is ueccssary
to convey a clear idea of the nature of
the lightning flash. The old idea is
that the flash, like the moderate cur
rent of electricity with which we are
familiar, follows the line of least re
sistance, and can be diverted by a con
ductor of a certain size. In this view
the lightning rod is like a channel
made to convey a flow of water, and a
small channel will empty a large reser
voir if given time enough. But the
Weather Bureau likens the lightning
flash rather to an avalanche, u land
slide down the side of a mountain or
tiie breaking of a dam—the whole
force Is exerted in one Instant and
there is no after current. The flashes,
however, vary greatly In volume, some
of them being mild affairs. Ami it Is
always true that a well-constructed
and well-arranged lightning-rod will,
if given time, silently convey away a
vast deal of electricity, thus lessoning
greatly. If not preventing, the ultimate
flash. It Is on this account that light
ning strokes are comparatively infrt
quent In large cities, where lofty spirc3
and roofs drain overcharged clouds be
fore the stratum of air between the
cloud and the bouns is strained to the
breaking point. It follows from the
avalanche-like nature of lightning that
absolute protection of a building la
Impracticable unless the building it
self as being a steel structure Is
itself a good conductor. But a very
large measure of protection Is within
our reach. A italruney or church spire
well provided with rods is almost per
fectly protected and rods distributed to
exposed points will reduce the risks of
a wide roof area a* much as seventy
live per cent. There Is no definite
"area of protection.” The old mle was
that a rod protects a radius equal to Its
height, and the rule may stand for
want of a lift ter, but as n matter of
fact It hold.o good only with electrical
tibchargr* of moderate volume
Whether It pays In a particular case
to invest money In lightning rods lie
pends upon circumstances domeiuitr*
the risk Is so slight as to be neglected
the to t of the rods may tie ta h a* to
render fire insurant e preferable. |tut
where the rl*lt of tieiiig struck is very
great as in ia-e of church spires and
Mich url V chunm >» the t.il ir i f the
prt petty threatened renders the light
ning rod a nectesiijr, |t may be said
lii M* Hi 14**141 $ nl‘* • I'^rc ih# flail li
It**, ni fur viMr.ipIr fur btiUUlug* tfen'
tiiMaltt i f h tJ it timber **f i m kil
fi)Bittft#F Urge
htlliil 9«4 * n il t ftp*lift!V* fill
ttr iiiitM'ti*- A vt fy ttinfly f
Ip* ft ih)» < tat| tu * ftUf|l4'
ft*!, fruni ligtl'ptpp If prufe* tiufi 14(1
Ur #»;!*•** Tift rtftfc i>n f.nm itailU
tM(i li 1r thitt un -APV uUcr *
f ItttiiilAf I*vi! (Nlf iiltf# U
II If ttftfcll'Y ^Nfftlfllft lit Fft|jf
on iMaffiMf for iruitfiuin A tu id*
« t»f III# M*if |l i* rUt«i| f ||e|t
•Mllff Mill Ilf rUppfrf Mlf Mi 44#t), ||4
<11 It ii gi d Aft iu| ^tr4 prutkIM th>
Bcctlon of the iron rod bo enough
larger to compensate for its inferior
conductivity. A red cf iron weighing
thirty-fire ounces per foot is held to
be equivalent to a copper rod weighing
six ounces per foot. A flat conductor
is recommended, on the ground that
surface counts for more than section.
Glass insulators are useless. The rod
may be fastened directly to the build
ing to be protected. The matter of
greatest importance Is the condition
of the two extremities of the rod—a
matter often neglected with disastrous
results. A rod is perfectly useless— In
fact, n source of danger- if its lower
end Is not carried down Into tho
ground far enough to reach wet earth.
It should be connected with a good
sised piece of Iron buried at the lowest,
depth reached by the rod. The top of
the rod should be pointed and plated
for protection from rust. “It is lu
dicrous." says the Engineering News,
"to run n rod down the side of a build
ing and neglect the grounding, as is s°
often done, just as if the lightning
were a dangerous bug which could lie
safely disposed of by being induced to
crawl down to the bottom of the roil,
and which might then be left to Jump
off as and where he pleased. The
correct way of looking at it is to con
sider tlie tod as a channel down a
mountain side to guide a posslblo
avalanche. The larger the channel
(or the less the total electrical resist
ance of the whole rod) -the more sure
ly will (lie avalanche lie confined and
led through the channel provided fur
It."
Wtioderful llltiitilnit.on.
Niagara Kails 1b to bn Illuminati il
tiy electricity during the coming Uuf
falo ICxponltinn. Tills will be the oc
casion of what will doubtless bn a most
brilliant end startling illumination.
Tim idea in to erect a aerie' of tall tow
ers on both the American anil Cana
dian sides of the river. On tho lop ot
these lofty spires huge electric search
lights will lie placed in such manner
that they may be played on any part of
the Kails. The Imagination may pic
ture (he dazzling effect that will be
produced when a score of those power
ful Instruments of Illumination are
brought to bear upon the rushing wa
ters as liny tumble Irresistibly over
the rocky ledge into the depths be
neath. A constant change of colors
w ill ho used in the manipulation of tin*
searchlights, so that now the Kails will
he like molten silver, again a Hood of
crimson, again ns green as old ocean
Itself, and so pn through the whole
gamut of colors of the painter’s palette.
The astonishing effect will he stiil
further heightened by the use of elec
tric arc lights In the Cave of the
Winds, which will give to the water an
it falls in front of it a weird, phos
phorescent glow. The power of this
record-making illumination will he all
within easy reach, as Niagara will it
self he made to do ull the necessary
work.
tira|ililts’* Mt»nv i;*s*.
One of the Most familiar substantia
j now named in industrial connections
: Is graphite, and its differentiated nsen
j and applications arc really phenome
1 rial. Not a single iron casting, says a
writer in Bradstreet, Is taken from its
sand mold without the sand being first
faced by graphite; not a gun projectile
is cast but the steel is melted in a
graphite crucible; not a tool, not a saw
is made hut from graphite crueibio
steel; every pound of nickel, of copper,
of composition metni. of brass, is cast
; in some way tbe metal being reduced
in a graphite crucible. Every printing
house, for the perfection of its electro
types, is absolutely dependent on
graphite; every electrician and every
department of electrical work comes
under the same tribute. Graphite lu
bricates friction ways, and it is not
ably the most enduring paint pigment;
the electric light, too, would Rhine
much less easily but for graphite, the
production of steel rails has an equal
ly intimate relation to this mineral.
Among its peculiar characteristics aro
itr immunity from any effect by heat
and cold, the highest and lowest “X
trcines of eitb r failing to influenco it.
A lisuilv riling Trough.
Here is a new, convenient and use
ful appllunct recently invented tor the
room It I* it porvtialu Ajitg
tfwili tu wkitb it> ii'utr* mu lie me*
<uiunuMlHtMt dt the •«(*»•> time Any
M ol" <*n •»’ Kite,I n it 4li.l I'lrolKd
l<j lr*n«ni|tl«-4t l Arolml I «!,* »ilh
•Hit the RugefA «r WlttioOt any
<l«n*' ut <lr..pp(io< Sttd ii.i^ikmc the
1 he »u are >e!lulu<4
anil me ihi ijm.ii.-i |- i:-» m*»
t -,aM %■» aw.1
Winn u *t|>»o i**;» "Him aif.
It* *wi*»tUli la v'ifU unly ■iRitiiA
Sum Rt< III #t**t KiyMlM
yro(Milte« a?***r |wii| mi
m*i*eil ft f ini ui'hu! •» la 4 air,
*-t »»'% n * *'« » < . i i i alli.lnt
Tfc« 4*»*tly iif itiki« ilttl it (Wfiiy
tib.'V