MORE ABOUT THE PHILIPPINES Racial, Commercial, Political and Social Con ditions of the Inhabitants of Those Islands. Tbo Philippine group were discover- j ed by an expedition under Magellan in j 1521, the islands, on the occasion of a taler expedition under Vlllabo*. were named Philippine In honor of the then j Prince of the Asturias, afterwards ! Philip II. Manila was founded In 1571, j and slnre that date baa b~on held by i the Spaniards, except for a brief In terval between 170? and 17*14, when It was occupied by the British. Situation, Topogrualijr. Tho Islands cf the ITinippIne r.rehl- j pnlago ato described by Sir John Bow- ; ring as "Innumerable." Oth^r author ities variously estimate them at from | <00 to 1,200 in number. The eleven J moist fmporlant, embracing tonic 9" per | tent of tbo total area (computed at | 1M.350 stpiare miles), ubd the great j mass of the population are Lpzon. Min danao, Nrgros. f'anay, Mipdoro, Cebu, Samar, ls-yfo, Palawan, Boj >1 and Ma.t bale. I.ylug between Borneo and For mosa, the archipelago extends some 30) leagues frem north to south, and ISO from east to west, and KpXit* HVj do- | grees of latitude and 9 degrees of loa- j gltude. Luma and Mindanao together | exreed all the other, Islands combine I. Manila, the capital, situated on the west coast of Luzon Is In latitude ll degrees 38 minutes north and longitude 12U degrees 07 minutes en3t. Its posi tion, "as a ccntinl point between Ja- j pan, China. Annam. the Knglish aud i Dutch ports of tiie Malayau avcblpolag > and Australia,” is, observes Jagor. "ex tremely favorable to the development of a world-wide trade." Some 7,00) miles distant from San Francisco, it is but 600 miles from HocgUong. while from the northern cxlremity of Luzon i to tho south cepe of Form'tsa is little j nw.rn Ihon The Town of Miinlla. S The Bite of Manila wai selected chic?." ly on account of its fine harbor or bay, circular in fori#, and “papablir Af hold ing nil the navies of the world.” Into thia debouches the river Pasig, which, with a breadth of abdut. 35® feet, flows through* thef city, dividing ft tnto Ma nila proper or bid Manila, and new Manila Or Blnoado. The former, o - ettpyiug tbp Jett or couthein bank of the river, la t lie foe trees or citadel. It contains, besides the principal for'lfi cuilons. the palace and the cathedral, and is surrounded, by old walla, baa tioned dad moated, ami dating back in part to the Sixteenth century. These walls have been cracked by earth quakes, and could easily be breached by modern artillery. Jagor describes the old town ax "a hot, dried-up place, lull of monasteries, ronvants, barracks and government buildings.” “It still preserves,” says a later writer, "ail the austere appearance of a city of the reign of Philip II." Upon the walls however, and beneath them, have been I at ranged pleasant promenades, where the aristocracy stroll and drive and ride In the cool of the evening The district of Ulnondo, on the right bank of tho river, la defences *o clevtnly turned by Admiral Dewey In tho dawn of that eventful Brat of May. Other ports In the Philippines which have been Cptned to general trade are Kual In l.uson, Iloilo In the Island of Fanny. and Ztmboangh In Minda nao Rual has probably the best harlair. lot liollo la the mors Im portatiI point Ita province bing thu inoet advanced after that of Manila The pma fabrics made here a re the most esteemed Capla, or t'apla. also tn Fausy. is another considerable town Tvrtoban. the chief town of the latand of la'» mar Another trade tisiiua la iJahu. the principal Iowa of 'h* Island of A* tm From Manila lo Ihulo It It 38 hi.ora by steam and I* hunt« further la C«Ui Other point* in proeim-ae or dm trlcta of Albay. Mu.a an North and yitm'h ChMariBeU. Ha'ant**. I'agaan JM. aad tn tha Fa*avan Valley irth I t tuhactoi might readily »<• d«»eb*p-d Into tmpotUol renin* '» a trowing commerce Tha «o»eee«eeo* The * Tha head cf the gayermu- »l < f the fhiuppiaee la g a«»a»a-» “» * a# alh (Jeaiervl. a dtgaUary «l»h half a r*a* »i title*, appointed fretn Madrid, the . Incumbent frequently changed with the ; changes of ministry. These change! j have been molt prejurilcal to the In terest* of th? Isf.ir.ds; some of the Gov- j ernors have been provisional only, and ! the uncertainty cf their tenure has very j materially impaired their efficiency. I Each province ho* a looser governor of | It* own; each reblo a gobernadorel!' \ or captain, u specIcs of alcalde who I* commonly a mestizo or native Indian, j ih" Governor General commands the army, hut the fleet remains subject to j the MlnIVry cf Marine st Madrid, sn I i is under the orders of the commandant ; of the ration. Ihe church is governed : by a Metropolitan ATChblshop at Man- 1 ila, with bishops for the most populous j {(•evinces. The local ecclesiastical au thority la mostly In the hands of the religious corporations of Augustine, Dominican and Erandeiyn monks and friars, who.;* member* are legion. r-Vme cf the fraternities and of tin.* Indi vidual monlu have become piost opu lent; their landed possessions Immense, their revenues enormous] the monas teries and convents almost palatial, their equipages even costly und clab orate. That thry have been the chief civilizers cf the Indiana, that they have repeatedly Intervened with good offlue* between the native* and their civil op pressors, Is undeniable. At the same time the records of the church In the Philippines abound with evidences of j hostile and protracted controversle* ' wiih the authorities of the stale, and j of bitter contention* betv/eea the or- j der« thcmoelve*. lh»* There ara two season* at Manila, the wet and the dry, or the reasons cf 'he southwest and northeast monsoons. ■Broadly gpoakiBig, tha w«l, or rainy itsatsa, iiiihergd la b/ .the south went monsoon, I* from June t® November; I he dry season, when tha northeast monsoon prevails, la from November to June. Ip tho wet season the country Is In undated. the roads becoma Impaisahlc, img bridges disappear, t The annual '■alpfall at Manila Is variously raport ed at from 75 to 91 laches, The hot test months are April ahd May.; the droughtl ere then long continued, and accidents from fites are to be guarded against; It le then that the mosquitoes ;j,y " -;-- —.—----j---■j: i— — ■■■ Mini■ I lil i n 11^1—»~rnn~ft October SO. 1875, bided 250 persona and destroyed 3.800 houses. One of 1S82 la also memorable; and that of Septem ber 29. 1890. demolished the seawall that protected the inner harbor. The hurricanes at these times often sweep away crops and destroy plantations. The roadstead, with a violent south west wind i.a unsafe, and galling vessels tako refuge in the port cf Cavlto. Karlti quakes. Cf the earthquakes dir John Eowrlng ' writes that "the destructive ravages ar.d changes produced by them are no where more remarkable than in the Philippines. • • • They have pro duced great change* In the geography of the Islands. • • • They have ov erturned mountains, filled up valleys, desolated extensive pl.dns, ami opened passage.) from the sea Into the interior ami from the lake* Into the eea. He mentions as especially "calamitous" tro earthquakes of 1790, 1324 anJ 1533. 1 In the more recent instance cf Junn, 18o3, the old town of Manila was ren dered a marn of lulns” and many per son* were burled alive. Four hundred nre reported to have bc^n killed and two thousand Injured, and the loss cf property Is estimated at eight million dollars. This earthquake was also very destructive at Cavi’e. The many vol canoes, come of which have been named showing a* they do, elgns cf constant uctlvlty In the throwing up cf clouds ] cf smoke with frequent flame, are a perpetual menace. Subject to such vi cissitudes and portents, the climate of . Manila Is, tor the tropics, a not un healthy one. It may be noted on the east toasts or tno isianus me orner oi the seanons, as above given, is tu vereetl. Products, The Philippine* possets a very fertile coll, though their capacities have been but Imperfectly developed. In many localities the soil must be quite or nearly virgin. Where cultivated the products arp sugar, hemp, tobacco, rice, coffee, cacao, gttin.i, arrowroot, Indigo, cotton, hides, pepper, cochineal, gutta percha, sesame betel root, arccamit. co coanut, roeoanut oll.plnacloth, tortoise, shell, blrds’*r.cs(s and trepang; also bamboos and rattans, with logwood, ebony and other hardwood timber, 'fhe material known rs ‘ Manila hemp” is not produced from the plant of hemp with which we are familiar (Cannabis catlva), tut frcni the fiber cf a specie* of banana (Musa textllls). The rice of the Islands Is (he staple food cf the na tives. The cultivation cf sugar Is Jeo pardised by the terrible plague of lo on's, to which this crop la subject; these insects arrive in “swatms of rali lions." The manufacture of cigars, etc., was for a long period the monop oly of the government, and extensive cigar factories were established in Manila and Cavite, but the monopoly Induced a unlver'scl contraband traflic, and was discontinued In 1882. The en tire trade cf the Islands with other countries in the year 1831 (the last -——— — - " J extraction baa not been extensively prosecuted. Mines exist of lead, cop per, Iron and sulphur. The Island of Cebu contains considerable beds of coal, which, though not of the first quality, Is preferable to that of Austra lia _ Population. The population of all Ihe Islands Is probably between seven and eight mil lions. but the estimated are necessarily somewhat conjectural In view of the difficulty In computing the Inhabitants of the remoter localities. Of this to tal not over 10,000 are Spaniards. In a few days hence the American popula tion will number 25,000 men. The pop ulatlon of Manila In 1890 la stated by Wakefield at 220,000. Including 10,000 pure Celestials," 48,000 "Chinese mes tizos” (offspring of a Chinese father and an Indian mother), 4,300 "pure Spaniard-! and about the same number of Spanish mestizos of whom he Bays "not more than 250 settlers are of Kuropean origin apart, from Spaniards, and the remaining 147,000 or there abouts, are all natives of the Philip pines.” Of Cavite (Old and New Ca vite) the population Is said to be up wards of (iO.OOO; of Iloilo some 30,000; of Cebu, 40,000. Cf the constituents of the population In general, the Chlneue ami Chinese mestizos are the most val liable. The Chinese, many of whom have acquired wealth, are the retail snopkeepers, and the greater part, of the local trade is in their hands. Their arrival In the Islands I* said to have anticipated even the coming of Ma gellan. The mestizos "furnish the edu cated and professional clai'S,” hold most, cf the minor offices and with Indians compose the army. The Indian cf Manila Is an Indolent creature, given up to gambling ar.d cock fighting. The Spaniards taught him gambling as we taught, our Indians the taste of whisky. Of the forms of gambling, cock-fight ing Is the mo/t popu!ar--ls. Indeed, almost universal throughout the Is lands. The Philippine Indian, It Is said, Is as niueh attached to his gallo "ag Is a Kcdculn Arab to his horse.” An early Spanish writer characterizes the Indians as "perpetual Idlers, who go from icckplt to cockpit, those uni versifies of every vice.” Investing In lottery tickets sold on the streets Is also much favored, and the government adds materially to Its revenues by tak ing advantage of these practices In exacting license fecg for the mainten ance of places of freming. Tlia Insurrection of ISIIO. The characteristics and present at titude of the Indians of the Philippines are Illustrated by the Insurrection which was Inlriated In August, 189'i, and has since continued. There had been previous similar rltlngt, notably one In 1872, hut none where the Insur gents were so numerous or formidable. The moving causes of this outbreak are to be found In the oppressive taxes, ex cises, license fees, and other burdens _■ IS* W , I FIIIPINAS poi< H.M.CSTRADA - ■ » • .. "■ MAP or PHIMPPIMM IAI.AMM (tttawn by a Spain >h Arllal Now al Manila in tfca Hrrvko of lh« l'a'.la4 Matra-I *o<1 nbiia ar'a ara m>»i trouUlaaora* lb* rootnal nxmlbo ara ami Pabrtigry, *n*n lha fraahnaaa ta grata (ul ai algb' I ha araraga t,-ai|M)«alMia t of Iba )raa» la about » 4»gta»*a I ha yarlatU of iba -hangar of Iba moo m ci, In Mar lo Jon* ami la Aay j 'ambar to lb lobar, ara mukU by Iba Hnatbml bioa* an4 lb ta-laralorra* • 'yrtonaa. tr|th-«>a* an-*a«i A lj|»h<*on oa ibrlraM* It. IMA. grora turn* manly •aaaala anbora. an I Jll g>*«l 4aa»a*« tg iba cttl A lyyb—>n or bar-1.ana 04 filly r*pui(*4i mm vat ih* M- j in* m* total# IhforU, |H,I4*.**4; iMgur*i. IT? Th# i#t#ivi#* of ih# *k>*i»t»h •o«#ratn#iii fr>« ih# l# Ian*!# la I»#S a#ta »«uit*»'*‘4 at ••>«* 'hit*•#<* aa4 a h» f iaill>«aa; th# »» IMillliiiM at bo lull* I*#4 Il##l4#a tha prtMio. t# »Wi»« «p*. m*4, ih# yt#l4 la *b*ta4*t«t if frill#, ainu •piatan #oi*ty #Mr It a* *h* oraaa*. *.»m*«* malign fin****)*. r-nw*bpl*. #t**a. (oata. ta*t*»l»4 a* I **hl«f*4 «*f aita*r*l#. gul l ha* M*» f*na4 ia »atall gitaatH ** la 4l»*r» Uiiiuh hot It* Ikuptord by lb* ««<»*ri»m*a! ami «n luryttl by •tiiiitlunata u»b la'* rm.ta* ahl*h. U«ald >4 rh* «ri«*r.*i* att.l car** •uaabl* pa. ua.att wuirt >. *44 kb* cur I** «.f hril day*' labor Im ptMl* par p««*« abb b c*#ry yuan »m ■••n»p*ll*4 •aanally >« faraUb Tb* *rt*<*n«-» u# kb* t*i*« a a# kU'ikk'*1) by kb* U4ti rt«i«* ban* ku abb h kb» nan*** a* * , >t«yp*tliSt«m in raW« ta«>a*y. and r*p«» laity by kb* cwab*',*iu»a« ■>( |tt»p*rty abb b a.r* y**urk*d ka ab*r* kb* 4d*« HalawJ a#r* ao> fba ad'burkky to *««•*> ai* p.*.«l a great power !n tho hands cf unscrupu lous officials. who used It corruptly against the more prosperous for tho purpose of extorting money. These grievances becnmo so general tbnt a secret Revolutionary Society or Leagua was formed, which by August, 1&9G. rose to tho proportions cf an nrmy of 50,000 men, Cavite being tho renter of the revolt. The original rebels v/ero joined by deserters from the army, vagabond) and escaped criminals. In the course of their conflicts with the forces of the government, which was Instructed from Madrid to show no mercy, a spirit cf atrocious Inhumanity was developed on both sides, and a sav age destruction of life endued. The killing of prisoners captured or sur rendered. smothering of captives In dungeons, burning alive, mutilation and daembowellng were practiced by both, without any retard to the usages of civilized warfare. The Spaniards, to extort confessions, resorted to the tbumbecrew and revived the tortures of the Inquisition. Their proceedings were claimed to ho Justified by the plea of retaliation, hut r.o law or exigency could Justify retaliation pushed to a point so malignant and brutal. And Its fr.tal Impolicy Is shown by the fact that the Insurrection has not been sup pressed, Lut Is suspended only. KaKjkju uunb u t wuauuii II* CiMV* Hoth 111* lls-irl ami III* Money In III* Murk. Wesley, during bis life, gave to ths poor $21)0,000, although always on a meager salary, says the Boston Trans cript. Wesley started In England an organisation similar to the associated charities of today, and also Inaugu rated an enterprise for loaning poor people small sums of money, whereby they could be tided over business dif ficulties, and there la on record a case whete he leaned a cobbler $20 to en large his business, and he liv. d to see the cobbler doing a business of $150,000 a year. He believed the scheme a good one for helping cot only financially, but In helping manhood. A picture of Wesley might be made os a student leaving Lincoln « *o fast an eater that ha hul Invaiiably finished hla dinner before those who dlued with bint bad got baif through. In fact, those who had the h cor of dlntua with the - in peror were wont to remain afrr b‘s • lajaaty'a dognrwro. I'pcn ' »• occa sion Eugene d« lievoharneta. the step son of N#po>on. roue frort the tjhle Immedletely af*er the emyeto ' Hot you bavru't bad time to ftilth »-w»r dinner." said Napoleon "far''## eje. sire," said the prince "I have piodt wn. and a bill ! f.,i tablnetntnker trnntPtiwe i|» wo «l Into furniture wbleh l« »«e#idered < y 1 tbe yttong oup'e aa tbe nni tien’lfwl | of all ornam*nU of 'be boos*. Weak Stomach Bensitivs to every little indiscretion In eating, even to exposure lo draughts and to over-persplration — Mate condition la pleasantly, positively and permanently overcome by the magic tonlo touch of Ilood’a Barsaparilla, which literally “makes weak stomachs strong.” It also creates an appetite—makes you feel real hungry, end drlvea away all symptoms of dyspepsia. Be sure to get Hood’s Sarsaparilla America's Greatest Medicine. '.All druggists. MOOd'S Pills cunt all Liver Ills. 23 cents. Teacher (examining Juvenile ciasa in geceraphy)—What can you tell us about the Arctic ocean? Little Hen ry—Nawthln’. This ain't no iecturs platform.—Chicago Daily News. OOBMO BCTTKHMILK TOILET HOAP makes the skin soft, white uml heuithy. Bold everywhere. He—It amounts to positive geniua to be stupid on some occasions. Bhe —But don't you think It can be carried too far?—Life. Don I Tobacco Cplt r.na smona Tour Ulo Away. To quit tobacco cially and forever, be miaf s' llc, full of life, m rva. and vigor, take .•fo-ao Hac. the wondi r-w rk'T. that makesweak tnea ..irons. All drugKlUa. *0c or«l. Cure guiirsn tecil Booklet and sample floe. Andros* Sterling Uemcdr Co . f.'hlceauor New York. Mon who know the same things are not long the bent company for each other. __ II;,to You a Hon. Ilrolher, Hn«ban *• »*•*• * #i>mitlt p#!n *»4. W 111 ill*** i «4u# tu Ufo;* *r i**-*• t» vom# Hiiru Pills ««ftlvfc»ltt4 ll.'W N'«•••! |oup« 4*4 A- t.ni ll**u IA* v*##< • #««»r* I M if! T1p4 »’» 1 * *••*«»• l-XI » +ntmr%, wllUtdl Y*fc« .... M film l|f