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About The Loup City northwestern. (Loup City, Neb.) 189?-1917 | View Entire Issue (Oct. 30, 1896)
SUPPLEMENT TOTHE LOUP CITY NORTHWESTERN. FVftny, October in, i sort TO WAVE OLD GLORY. Chairmai Hanna Names October 31 Flag Day for Loyal Republicans. DUTY OF PATRIOTIC CITIZENS. Recognition of the Fact that tho Party is Fighting for Na tional Honor. One doe* not Imve to go rery far lo ►•eel* tile reason for the profit** display 4<t ilie natlfinn) emblem in this campaign. It imi he found in the Cliie/igo platform. The spontaneity of it* neleetimi n* 11*•• appropriate badge of sound money chain plon* \n womb rfuli> significant. Then’ • •'•it * to luive been little ineliiiffetioti on tlit part of Mr. Bryan's follower* In ; ion the right of the advocate* of s . mil money arid protei tion to display the nation:!) eoli.i* ax the ur*»i»er insignia of tlndr enijxe. Tin only lamentation heard wa* the Altgeldian wail, widen b* always expeeted when the *tnr« and Ntriue-4 are dung to tin hreegc. Tin* rivalry as to who eoitht make the most lavish display of the national <*m Idem has been eofj filled to til milk* of supporh rs of McKinley. There ha* lieeft no pereeplible effort ofi the part of til" I'o toi’i its to wrist it from those who are fighting to maintain the na- ! tional credit. tin)' Mams to be a gen* oral assent In tin- |>j<•!> -dtlon tluil (In’ I flag does nut go Willi the Chicago plat- i fot-lll Tills tacit recognition of tin fact that j llie (lag la the one suitable emblem of the Issues for which our party is cotitemling l i- something new in our American |«ili tics. Heretofore there lias heeti a pa triotic rivurly hetween the Republicans uml tile Democrats in our national cum puigns us to which side could make most profuse display of tin- stars and stripes, it is a clreuinstuliee that will menu much to toy it I friends of g<sal government and will la- n potential factor «t the polls in Not ember. Recognizing this fact, Chairman Han na of the mitioiiul committee suggests that October III. tin- Saturday before election, he observed as “Hug day” ill every city and town, on which day every person who intend* to vote for sound money ami national prosperity shall dis play the national colors from his home and Ids place of liusitiess. The sugges tion is a most commendable one uml should meet with un enthusiastic re *l*,n*c all over tin- nation. Let every man who intends to vote fot tiie preservation of our national honor signify bis patriotic intention by dis playing a flag on Saturday. October -'ll. it will lie u significant object lesson in patriotism to hundreds of thousand* who may be wavering between sound money ami repudiation. Remember the day Saturday, October 31.- Chicago Times-Ilcraid. tmFfabhebs’ tools. Efficiency of Agricultural Imple ments Greatly Increased Since 1873. The silver advocates have bad so many of their pet theories absolutely demol ished by collision with bard facts that they are now resorting to deliberate mis representation in hope of breaking tin force of 'he various exposures they meeting. They have attempted to make much capital out of the decline in tin - price of wheat during the Inst few years, «*.r Wl -I*1*1'11 ntto'ilion lias been culled to ' “ the - f production by the use of new and ery mid the rapid enluageincnl “ ot tl™1 commercial surplus of wheat in other wheat-growing countries than the Utiitcd States they have undertaken to deny both propositions. In n speech at the Central Music, ball oil September 111. I tor. Altgeld •Tat tempting to answer the argument-^ire seuted by Carl Sehurx in an address in the same hall earlier iu the catuiiuigu, speaking of tin- decline in wheat, said: “The truth is that there has been scarce ly any improvement in machinery for raising and harvesting wheat in -he last twenty years." Such a statement is n severe reflection either upon tile inventive genius of American inanufacturcrH ami the pro g re salve spirit of American farmer* or upon the sincerity uf llov. Allgcld him self. The truth to that the greatest improve ments in farm implements ami machinery that have marked the latter half of the Nineteenth century hare been made ntuoe l*7.’t. Not only has the retail price of all classes of implement* used on the farm been very much reduced during that time, hut the efficiency of the ma chinery itself has Itcru even more enor mously Increased. Taking the harvester alone it has been so improved during the last twenty year* that one man can now accomplish what required the latsir of tic*' in 1*711. so that instead of tin-re being “scarcely any improvement in uin ohtnery” f»r liariesiing wheat, the iiu provemelilB iu the harvester alone are sbowu fully. Iu other words. It today only requires one tilth o( the talker Cost to harvest gram that it dn| twenty year* To entirely overthrow this Iasi pervor stun of truth, with whh h silver uteu an m mg to Imdeter up a butug cause, re tall urhvs of some uf the principal farm m». hiltery have Let V vecurvd frt>m lead tug manufst Hirers shuwmg ih* , i„ the farmer in l*f.‘l ami the ,»*t iu I*tsl A* the wheat t rop Is ima with the plow take the foil win* statement from the Onset t'kitted I'low works of Mouth lievet. I ml ami s., V a the cost uf plows hi* hero tv,tut«d “We to vuuia. lore jo as alobe and In the year l*T;t ‘hdi.il plow* of the warn hers -Hi amt I** v* r, (he leading pat terns The sum* »touts r* si* very largely used at this tisae an I swr com ptrlsuk* St* iot'itltSgli ha *»d ou llo m Is Mt tbs mlsti lots* ••» lb* *o *1 •«, #hV iu talk tbs Mitt pgts* s| (ha g« m Mw |1P HH||MP |<Mk **'•>#»* Hi fft Hi *h* H 4 *•*1 allkih** * $ v lib- #► 4 to 1*14 •* * Hi HM sHfk-lH 4k ktotolH Hi JM kHtotl ««* fck I to# |tto(H« 1% l%* I | *|l* | Hi 4 I 'to #»*•»■ r H*k* Kldlt HI t4 * + Ik to* IlMMft*' mm*h « to l*ii t-HiHitorl Ht #i 4#-4k, «h tin hi |i 14. i i U<to« 4*» '4- «* * In IH1 »• »**£«. 4 #4 H |l> IHdHk f %■ I ♦ ^ 4 Hi JH tldi* ¥4- h %n4 wltof i*» Hilh I* iVtni *k* **<*.* 9$l*« Ito ««**«*** ifeft ««4 4«' *hU( *4 |4» P«whIh Ht*? to* WllW il«tk to mtH** I* M toidfktv **l mi %m ****** S V Ip* #**"*1 »*#•*« ill (toM • % Immi% lUftH *f *i*.* *1 lito I** It IT WILL BE A “STRIKE.” it. tilt. own retail lii-ii'i i sliow tin enormous r< - 111 u-t If in nf tin- price In tile farmer. Their Hill I'TlH’llt ill lull in II* follow*: "l-'arin machinery i-- not only very in Ill'll i In ii in i loll fur lie*'' I’llielellt nl the 11r>' ni i t ie limn it w iim in 187."!. There i« hui'illy any comparison between the two. Thi harvester* mill himler* which now harvii-t the great wheat crop* of ihi-i country mi l Kurope, were not known until 1x78. hut the In u-t of farm implement'* iiihI mncliiiiery mmle in 187.1, when coinpiired with tho*e nniile in Ixixl by tin lending inuniifiictiircr* of the country, would look coarse and cumber sonic and would not be purchased and used by any farmers at the present time at any Price, The difference in retail price* I* also very marked: Mower*..Slim fits to |in Iteaper* . 123 30 to 1*1 I'• mit/iiii-il mower unit reap er. 173 73 to S3 Ham ster and binder.•:**> 100 to 123 Tedders. 73 32 to .'18 Ituki a . OO 20 to 23 •1878. The Ileering Harvester company of Chicago, (pioting from their retail prices of their various classes of machinery in 187,'! and 18!*i. make the following state ment, showing the decreased cost and In creased cfllcicncy of farm machinery: “The twine hinder was unknown in 187!!, but (lie Marsh harvester, a much more primitive machine, in which t 1m binding was done by men riding on the machine, retailed at #200 to $22.". The twine hinder retails today at from $100 for cheaper machines to $145 for the (leering roller and ball-bearing ma chines. •'The self-rake reaper, which is now sold lit from #00 lo #70, sold for #180 to #210 in 187.'!. Mowers sold in 187,'i for from $!S> to $1 lo. according to the make and width of tlie cut. Machines of vastly greater efficiency sell today at from #•'!•"> for cheaper machines to $15 for the Iteeriiig roller and hail hearing*. When the wire liimtiiig attachment was added tu tlie old Marsh harvester from 1870 to 1870 tlie combined machine sold for #;«*), of which $120 was for the at tachment and #180 fur the harvester. Wire binders are not sold now. having been superseded by the twine binder. In wij mirouurr'i un> iwinr miitjrr— the machine that now cuts the grain of Ulaivqrltl. lta retail price was then PfTHWas-enfcxe AJ-etter and more cnpuhis mnehinr' is sold today,- above injk mated, /at but little over one-third OTaT price. Hinder twine, for use on these machines, solil in 1SS.'t at from 15 to 25 cents per pound. It was, of course, un known in 1ST:’., Today a much better tw ine retails at from •'>*/> to 12 cents per pound, according to quulity. This steady decrease in price does not mean a decrease in quality and cllirieucy. <Mi the contrary an Howard tendency In the mechanical construction and quality of material has Icon as marked as the downward movement in prices. This fact the advance in value coincident with the decline lu price—has been made possible by the use of economical meth ods in construction, and by labor saving machinery, rather than by any decrease iti wages [laid. The cost of producing each machine bus also been reduced by t lit- tremendous number of machines turned out by a single firm. The old mower, for wldt-h the farmer paid in the neighborhood of #100, Imd but meager means tor adjustment, mu! were neither as edit lent nor as duruhlc u« machines that ictutl I day at &!•> The old self-raki najs-rs which retailed at *2t*i were primitive and clumsy as com lared with the $ti5 machines of to ils i, The |.coring twine binder today, run ittiig on roller and ball ts-.irngs, i-ost $)tMl less «haii ||m* oh! Mm»!i . trv.m. r mill t *‘«ni i I wo It*** im*n ttml two !«•%*» ltor*o** limn ilw! dial in*.-him In oth**r Htihln, oim man an I lvu* 1 tu Hull*!!*4 mort* gram with tht* 11 «•»*»»* r«»!t rrUttrimc twim* hit. > r I hat* Ihrv* m» » ait*! ihr**«* tmfiM* ta.iUI hamlt* ?n In’;* with a \l.»t»h bar« . t *' »* • *i tU fi.rm.r $lt»i WWv wowy.*1 TWr«fi* Ktairm. nr* of I u\ m* i..ttu« f*«lu»vr» of hu! rfra.1% farm M » hit itljr whtl »i»* malt of of* 1 i ijy ..I ■' i Ha i th. I k 1 hi - tI* <»4 ! » »• mail.i*l lit ibi) Ufe>|*to«*»to»‘i»!« Hi iH. . # Irtit *> of t,i i...• . k t , | tto fvf|i) ja*1% W i«t * # W M . *» •4.1.4 IIW*b* l«al *• *• • an j tft» IM.U (Mb «tu*« la Mr l u _ rm_^ A Comparison Between the Policy of the Republican and Democratic Partie , LEGISLATED FOR AGRICULTURE ^ * John M. Stahl Tell* Why the Farmer Should Stand by His Friends. John M. Stahl, a practical Illinois fanner, anil a land owner in Missouri, Kansus and Nebraska, who, is the editor of the Farmers' Call. Quincy, and also secretary of the Farmers' National Con gress, is u limn who has made his way from poverty to affluence, hy the use of ids own head and hands. His promi nence in the (J range, Farmers' insti tutes and all movements calculated to better the condition of American agri culture, gives weight to his judgment and makes his v, -vs on all public ques tions of value. In a recent interview he discusses the relation of the American farmer to the two great political parties and points out the fact tiiat in legislation the ltc pubjican party lias always kept the in terests of agriculture in view. He says: "It must be said to the credit of the farmers of the United Stales that they have never asked for more at the hands of Congress or lesser legislative bodies than they were ready to have granted to others, or for legislation that they did not believe would be of benefit to all the people. No exception to this is furnished by the taritT. which lias been the most persistent political question iui our history. No other question lias IfiVi: ""MOMUt'j'ortniit issue in so many cam iiiiitriiM Tin* HiK'tV/J net iinMHiwI hv tlu> Congress of th#f United States wn«*n tariff act. The bill was introduced and discussed before <Jen. Washington was inaugurated President and the bill Jfcus enacted into law two months before*the passage of tin* law creating a treasury department. Tariff for protection and tariff for revenue# ad valorem duties and specific duties, etc., were thorough 1 ly discussed while the first tariff bill 1 was pending, and there have been few | years since in which these questions did not engage the lively attention of the American people. It was inevitable, therefore, that the tariff should have i thi' frequent consideration of a repre sentative agricultural body meeting to i discuss pro|Ht*cd legislation and to rec ommend to the favorable consideration of legislative bodies such measures as are deemed Worthy of that recommenda tion. Such a body is the Farmers* Na tional Congress and at its last animal meeting it adopted the following reso lution. Whereas. It Is an e%tstdUh*d principle with iN.tii of the great |H#|ltteat parties that a tarilY >»n Imparted ^mhN adequate to meet the SSpeases of tlie guverttuieut should I** . 'vU'tl; therefore. IUhm»Iv*«I. that we demand the same mess ure of protection for sgrb ulttirai Industrie* tt,»t l» given to other Industrie*. At the to*-* tttig referred to there were deh-giiti** ft our states in which are more than four lift It* of lire farmers of lit* otttiiry, from California to Florida and ipitu North Ihkrtiit to Tetas. The p«» till toll was adopted without upe dinuti, r I 4 vote A-* lb*- honorable geitth-l u»n v vv ho has lira nr»star of the N«tlit»iu! I rugs fv»f eight * ear* |tu«t tod u.tt otl.ee pttoiito* ut mUp oils of the tifsugi ui it* |>p <rt«t «• del . -it* *, tin* te«* In iv. » may justly Igirti as eapre.* g it , irttmeM* of tin- (<»<Mi|t‘e abn* tVr* tainly tin I .t> tm . Nalo ii.tl c»*ng»* I • leg »*«ioi*»s*d id farme* t, Iwitllii (ml have alemamNnl less, and- as tt la a> a poUtnal and uh »*rt**ae H .uuM toil ><>m nUirHlt) sav move. MiaMktf reanlmortrs halt ta«g *do|Mtd at previous mealing* •**%♦•** »o.r | **|er S* Sl«ni law. The M* K«. lev law gave to agrt nitural tnsvsiv *f t ^ |p4t rt gave to elk*» lattoitsw |U«o*i h*>, ^ «M*m**. vg**, 1+9 v fruits, wool rid slWf jmsww >t uf out ISfiNK the (KsMa of Wh h d% va t astisfu* lot i prot** .ton, ih»» thus ig»* ||*lhinl% l hi a tin t th* ** . *# wi*’** * and t *A» tvsiMt g* the* hvd t.t* p<Stl. | ifc* |«*«*M*t*** In ***»•*(«' ih ! «|£ mVtMftk* * , i ih* h to* t*« *h,* * I was t& *’*%*! aati i vstf • ma. t* > I 1 ones mill -• r won in i ITci t long * It fo show i! . - i 1 II1111 if its opt'I'll t ion i ;ir production "I wool would ntpiilly in. ii.isn to Hie niti in . i" I i in lit of the i ntiri' community. Tin Iti "lorrnts hnsti’iii'il to put wool on H i fi■ !• list, while retaining it substuntinl duly on fl'e product of tlie mill 11 ml tlie mine. In IKSil there were in I lie United Stnli ■ -l”..*i!«l,07!» slice;), viilueil lit flM). (MI(,,‘Wi(); in IS!);: there were 'I7.-7.'I."|.'! shepp, vnlilt'll nt #1-0,1)09,i!04; in 18!)<! there are .’IX,”!IS.78.'! sheep, valued lit $(tr»,lt;7,7:ir.. Under the McKinley law the value of our sheep increased f.Tr>,2<iM, 8!)."; the Wilson latv has taken from tin; value of our sheep #iiO,741,.r>'-!!l. or very nearly one-half. Under the Wilson law the importation of wool lias doubled nnd the price of the domes tie product lias been halved. The McKinley law gave to wool nnd other farm products the just and coital protection demanded by farm er*: the Wilson Inw removed this pro tection, nnd. discriminating against the furmcr, singled out wool growing as the one considerable industry to feel the full force of a disastrous free trade policy, ItdHproHt)’. At It* annual meeting in 1800 the Farmers’ National congress passed a resolution in. fuvor of reclproe fir; and that it yet vors reciprocity is shown hy the following resolution at its last meeting: Itesolved, that the Farmers' National con gress has listened with profound Interest to the able anil Instructive address of Honor Friiiielsco Jnvler Vanes of YVncr.ucIa on "The Commercial iteluilons of American Re publics,” Resolved, that to secure reciprocal trade between Ihc United Stales and the Spanish Amerlean republic*, ibis congress favors legislation for reciprocity, commercial treat ies, and aid for steamship lilies sullh lent to answer all the purpose* of such trade. The benefits to our agriculture from fair reciprocal arrangements were so ap parent that the resolutions were adopted by a practically unanimous vote, though i ill the congress were delegates of all | shades of political belief. The peculiar relation of reciprocity to agriculture ap pears from a reading of tlio reciprocity section of the McKinley law: That with a view to secure reciprocal trade with countries producing tlio following article*, and for tills purpose, mi and after the first day of January. Is'.l'J. whenever, and so often ns the President shall tie sails lied that tlie government of any country pro ducing and exporting sugar, molasses, cof fee, tea, and hides, raw amt utirtired, or any of such articles. Imposes duties or other ex actions upon tlie agricultural or other pro duction* of tlio I'ultcd Sillies, which hi view iif the free liiariMluctlon of »ueu sugar, nio !asses, coffee. Uca an* hhlcs Into the I'nltei] State* may <i'Mm to he reeinrocally unequal or llIll'llso r^He, he *hall nave the power uirt !r »l.Wf^P< .hi* ilmy to suspend. by girochuuaflunk that offset. the provision* of this act aflat lug to tlie free introduction of aut'lt stgpir, uiolaaae*. coffee, tea and hides, the Iroduellon ijf aueh country, for oil'll time al he ahull deem Juat, etc. Although in effect only n short time, tlie reciprocity arrangement made under tli<- McKinley law deinonatrated the great benefit that reciprocity would lie to our agricultural intcrcata. Space will permit of I tie citation of only one case in lioiut: Our production of wheat so far exceed* our need*, while the expor'aMou of Ituaaia nnd Argentine lias an rapidly increased that it i* of the highest im portance lo our farmers that our wheat market* be enlarged. The ability of re ciprocity lo do thi* i* shown iiy our dour trade with t'lilut. In less than four year* under n reciprocity arrang-iucnt ilii* trade increased bSIl per rent., while in the first year after the arrangement was terminated it derrenned 4» per rent. All the reciprocity arrangements would have tleeu of mm )■ hciietii to our agri cultural interest*: mid the Hem ., nit* hastened to Icruiinate them. Ilnme or foreign sugar. Which' , l'*eh year >ve *eiid abroad more than < pal I»m IS«I for sugar. Alt donhl of ,>ur |*t**t sstllg the noil Mild climate iver a sufficient unit to iinalil# fnon beet the siigut we now import, has liven muuiisi. iinr uitiiral advantage* for the prod.i.>. ihm of beet sugar mis* *iii h thf, not withstanding tlu* higher wage* paid here, aid given our beet sugar iioiustry ri|i<it d|, ul tu that e ill* it ha* tu rn git u to their In-el sugar industry*-* hy I'raue *n<I ti.rmauy hy oo an* ol isiun114**, 11.tup tion of laud from faxst on, rti*„ could un louhtedi) mindly huiid up our sugar prod write*. the I K ittfs y law, hy mean* of a I'ssStUfy, ga-e to our he-d •uy»r industry the eioe ..ru<> no m 'hat the history of the ii.dsirt in <},, met a ul toiler ha* shown t» be u.w and Highly a*lt *nt*geoit* to the imiims I I inter the Mperatuw* ' f the it. hui.> t I t*w war pr,eln* l ien if heel sugar rtM') fC I* *#***• gjr: wages paid to farm and factory labor would amount to If 7.r>,l * * U * s • per annum. Land ami labor now devoted to crops of small profit and of which wo produce an excess, like wheat, would be put to a more profitable use. The $7-">.000,0()0 each year would swell our domestic com merce by at least four times that amount. If we bad produced our own sugar instead of gold having been ex ported during the past three years—an export that nr.s widely hurl oitr indus tries ami business -gold would have been iniisirted for the timr.• than one hundred million dollars of gold or ils equivalent sent abroad each tear for sugar would have been kept at homo. Home or Foreign Wool, Which? All these advantages—the use of land, the employment of labor, the increase of domestic commerce and of our circulat ing medium, the retention of gold— would follow ulso from a production of the a-Vt,000,000 pounds of wool that we nniiuntiy »££;• -• under ii. Wil-on law; a production to at wet., i ' »ni the steady ami continued aid or /bs.-c- , ^hs. tion us was given by the McKinley law. Surely so far ns tariff legislation is con cerned. the farmer, whether he regards only his own interests or looks beyond them to (lie interest of his country, will have no difficulty in deciding which par ty should have his vote. Mis decision will he all the easier and surer because of the record of the candidates for Presi dent. Mr. Itryan declared in Congress, .Iniumry lit. lv.H, "It is Immaterial in my judgment whether the sheep-grower receives uny benefit from the tariff or not * * * I am for free wool.” He voted for free wool, for the repeal of the Hiigar bounties nml fur the abrogation of the reciprocity arrangements. .Mr. Me Kinley, it is needless to say, has heed and is, in favor of reciprocity, just pro tection to wool ami other farm products, nml such reasonable encouragement of out beet-sugar Indus!ry ns other coun tries have found profitable. In eon In,-t with what Ait-. Itryan said about tariff on wool Is wlmt Mr. McKinley snid when introducing his tariff bill into the House: If lhere Is nny one Industry which appeal* itii more force than iinolln r for defensive iutles It Is fills, and to no elnss of rlit/oms should this House more eh< erfnlly lend Isg.s !111 \c* assistance, where h can properly bo done, ihun to tlm million fnrmers wlm own sheep In the I'nltcd Millies'. We cnnnnt af ford as a nation to permit this industry lo be longer crippled. This slums Mr. McKinley's regard for the welfare of agricultural industries; and Mr. Itrynn, also, may lie judged by Mil' IUIII l-a nil 111'.' H.llll* >1 II If J I I. I • ItcpabJIcttfi* mill Trusts. Farmers Imve been consistently and persistently opposed to trusts, This iios lility hits been exaggerated in the vocl fertms ami sweeping denimeintious of trusts by tile I’opulists. The farmers of thi« country are well aware that there are more trusts that, while nearly aud quite controlling the production and sale ot certain articles to their sure ami lib eral profit, have nevertheless, by reason of the economies of the aggregation of capita1, the employment of best talent in directing, ami of producing and hand ling large quantities, made the prices of the articles to the consumer* less than they were before and probably less than tiny would lie if the trusts were not in existence. Nevertheli ss, the farmers of this country believe that the principles underlying trusts are wrong uad that in the aggregate trusts are a serious injury to business and wield n power that will present to human nature a temptation too strong to be resisted, except in a few cases, to us. that power with political parties and legislative bodies, for im proper ends; in short, lliut. the trust is an enemy to the people aud a menace to the nation, there being some exceptions to prove (lie rule. Hepresentative agricul tural bodies have very frequently con demned trusts and asked for legislation that would end them, or at the least, would subject their affairs to such public knowledge and control as would remove their power for evil, A representative agricultural body has never pronounced in favor of trusts. The position of the tanner as regards trusts is that occupied by our economists ami by nearly all our population, lienee, it is sanctioned by scientific research aud reasoning and by the common sense. In accord with the wishes of farmers and in compliance with their request*, the Fifty-first Con gress, which was the lirst Congress lie publican in both brunches Hi nee trusts had assumed prominence in this country hastened at its lirst session to pass “a tall to protect trade and commerce against unlawful restraints uud monopo lies, which declares that: tr?.ViPr,y„ c0“1,ratt,, combination In form of trust or otherwise, or conspiracy. In re straint of trade or commerce among the several states, or with foreign nations Is hereby declared to be Illegal. Kvery person who shall make any such contract or engage ill any such eonihiiiuttnn or conspiracy shall he deemed guilty of a misdemeanor, ajttui on 11)11 VlctloM t IllTlMlf *>.'.11 I .as Uno not exceeding or by Imprison ment not exceeding one year, or by boib of sai^puulshnnm,. la the discretion of the Ktery person who shall monopolize or slml! attempt to monopolise, or combine or conspire with any other person or persona to monopolise any part of the trade or commerce among the several states or with foreign nations, shall be guilty of n misdemeanor ami on conviction thereof pnulahed l.y tine not .Uaceedlng ».ss«i, or by Imprisonment not exe.Aahu: one year, or by both said puulshuieut." In I he UiHrrPtlon of t h** (MHirf. That word "person" or “persona." wlrrr ever used In I Ills net. shall be deemed to In elude eorporallons and assis-iatlou* existing Under or authorised by the laws of either the l ulled Slates, the Ians of »uy of the territories. I he law s of any state, or Ibe law s of any forelgu ooiiutry. Thia act is so comprehensive in its drft nition of a trust, which it made illegal that it was clearly the purpose of those "ho made it a law. that no trust should escape. Driws rar) and Trusts. Contrast with the action of the Fifty |lr»t Congress the action uf the Fifty, third Congress the first one Iteuiocrntlc in loitli brunches since trusts attained to prominence in this country which, at its regular session. put into the coffer uf the Sugar trust, by means of the Wilson law, a bonus of 91m.imui.inni on the sugar then in its hands; and by the same law made a nrottt for the Whisky trust of about jtllMaaMUUi mi the whisky with drawn fropt lend after if became .*-r tain that the lax on whisky would he increased and before the iaw went into effect, and. tu uihlitiou. the Wilson taw Increased the allowance for wastage while in b«ud «ud kstlhvnol the bonded i.r.er If.to throe tu eight tiara. The Ftfti third Congress leg island against trusts, but only thus., of whkh import . *• .re tc-udais ami who I, d- >1 o, | attnb. IW. si.- trust, ion, „ mac.id undisturbed by Ikassisliv Irgi, No effort has been made by ih. fftlHi »4inmhiifuiHt» i*» vnfufti |||^ nth trust but. 1st tea of either lb. Fifty i -• Ibe I dt) third l og)- .,, tbongl freonenlit remuwbd of u, duty t. Th. >11 it dltUfill fftit) tttffi'f1 miyi’fAn l Ft* ithl o,. i .tfH 4 \ fk Ikm . ffyftM* l-ort,,. f M«> |#f I* »h* iff Alt txMt »txl : |tlM* to » Miff* * • I#ff fd I t«. # * iHtl | L.i?rb!t;h.t*;!r ita tltoftl ’ M i»44 dt | i-.i. .. • . h -'u - '«*• V% ht«, »««*> kh>4( «t«a » | ** .Mr. I’irkler said: "It scorns that there is no effort to improve the service for country people," nod on the same day Mr. Load, chairman of the House com mittee on postolhees and post roads, said in the course of the dehate: Tlie Increase In the n|>|irn|>rialions for ths star route service during the last four years lis* arisen from the fact that money was taken from that service and devoted to reg ulation. screen, and other wagon service. In other words, while you gentlemen from the country have been persistently Increas ing appropriations for the star route service, all of that Increase has been used lu tbs large elites. Ill fact, the amount thus diverted dur ing the last fiscal year was $(>70,000, whereas the increase in the appropria tion for country ninil service was only $500,000; so that notwithstanding the ■successful efforts of the friends of the farmers to secure nn appropriation to better his mail service, there was actual ly less money spent nn llrnt service than before, because the Democratic adminis tration of the postofHce department used elsewhere, us it has in previous yenray the money specifically appropriated for the Improvement of country mail servic*.' This is in striking contrast with tho Republican administration of the post office deportment. Mr. Wanamnker se cured appropriations for experiments in free mail delivery in villages and ho faithfully expended these appropriations. In a communication to ll>c Semite ho stated that after mnking nn allowance equal to tin' previous average annual increase of the business of the offices, it was found that the Increase of the busi ness of the offices due to the free daily delivery hail more than paid for that delivery. In some eases tine profit from free delivery tvns quite lari.-' In Newr Onimnn. Conn,, for exnipnlo. the village in which free daily delivery was lirat in troduccd, mid in which tlie experiments wore conducted for lit years, the aver age iiniin.11 income of the office was b.VJ.’l, while the free delivery coat only Ml00. A business that yields an average annual profit of 11!11 per cent., part of the pei iod being a time of panic and do pe -lull, is a genii business indeed; yet the present administrate u if the post nt: ■■ h'l'iirtliienl has 'Ii- ■ diluted tho free delivery in the villages in which it u. eslaldi.-hed |i,\ Mr. Wanaiiiukcr. The re-nil * frnin rxncrirnclits in vtt* lag* i- li.diluted, ith Mr. Wnmtniaker fore *i" that they would, the |it-fi■ ti’nbility uf free daily delivery to Inrmcrn; mid lie secured from the I' ifty-*1111 Con gress an appropriation fur experiment* in free tnaii delivery to furmci’s, and nu appropriation for this |uii'|iose was made by the Fifty-third Congress at both sessions. The language of Hie appro priations wa* tnn ndiitory, tint both Mr. Hisseil ami Mr. Wilson have refused to expend these appropriations. The mail has become a Very important factor in tlic prosperity, welfare ami enjoyment of tlie people. In (lie attitude of tbs Republican and Democratic administra tion* toward rural mail service and the effort* made to improve it, the farmer will find excellent aid in deciding for which party to vote. Wlu» Forfeits l.aml <<rants? For some years the farmers of the country have been demanding that tho grants of lands to aid in the construction of certain railroads, should lie declared forfeited where the conditions of the grants had not been complied with. Th» Filly first Congress -tile first Congress Republican in both branches since the demands fur the annulment of these grants hud been made—at its tirst ses sion enacted’ a law That there Is hereby forfeited t« the l ulled Htates. and the United States hereby resumes tlie title thereto, all lands hereto fore granted to uny Stale or lo any corpora tion to aid In the construction of a railroad opposite to and coterminous with the por tion of nay such railroad riot now completed amt III opera!Ion, for tlie construction or benefit or which such lauds were granted; and nil such lands are declared to he a part of tlic public domain. This law should have much weight with the farmer iu determining what ticket he will vote, for, aside from re storing considerable arcus to the public domain f» the protit of the national treas ury, it showed that a Republican Con gress did not fear to enact righteous laws for tile people and against some of ths most powerful corporatious in the coun try—in marked contrast to the subservi ency to trusts and corporations of the Democratic Congress that wu have had since. Wlio Opened Foreign Markets? For some years certain European na tions-—one of which, at least, wbilo preaching free trade, practiced '.he pro tection of certain farm products 10 I ha extent of prohibitory decrees had ex cluded our animal products ami live ani mals fur their market* or had subjected them to vexatious and profit-destroying regulations, because it was alleged, they were frequently unwholesome or dis eased. Our farmers were well nwars that this allegation was an untruthful subterfuge, and they demanded such in spection of our slaughtered animals and live auinuilH offered for export that for eign governments could not plead diseaso among our animals as s just ideation for i.l in tr thuKii 11 l'i ut u ft-— 'nrrttia from their markets. EreryoWP familiar with our live stock interests, knows that this was a matter of great moment to them. The Fifty first Congress, that rfhl so lunch for the farmer, made meat in* s|ieeti»n laws that fully met the wishes of our stoek-raisers, anil that. tieing faithfully administered by Secretary Husk, accomplished all that was expect ed of them. It is unfortunate ‘.hat by iiis own utterances and actions the pres ent secretary of agriculture should have shown a different attitude toward those wise taws. In determining which ticket lie shall vote, the farmer will eertainly compare the department of agriculture under Secretary Husk with it under hia successor, who liegan his career 'ia see* rvtary of agriculture by insultiug organ ised farmers, and who has made the truly remarkable record of not missiug wen one opportunity to show , along with his total lack of sympathy with farmers, not only his complete ignorance of our agricultural interests, but either au utter incapacity or a completely successful in disposition to learu. id It* I \«t W«ul»«t. the currene* plank of th • Chtcaao pUtlurm certainly does not express the .eniinittds of the Nalnoml tlrange. and at it* last annual no- ting. lu tllanta. • la . IH'tobcf It*-111, IhtlA, the Fariuera* Sat tonal l ougrs M toted dew u all ot tka It, to I (re«- dhir vuin.tgv n---iutiona pie-i tiled, sud a-U-t-li d iraviultuua hi ol-nti it de< iared that it was > inphaltcnl I, 14 (toil of the use ot t-olh gold and -liter as the to*.net of idionaii o -lens I . i, and was in fator id the free i-onage f stiver by lnleraaluu.il agr-i men! at a tulio to be agreed U|wot l-arit to say that, until reevwlK i>nuagh -is lung *ar«‘f. 11 *** ftondlj l.i agtt i V»s drilled aw .y limn da 41 ••wean, I i rs inspHti-i^l-t i ^ -- ^w ho hi kt sitaugn %m k- h «l‘ I lift till Ifttt m4 ll tt * !m tftf lye* f r|iHN| % n f 4 J v ftjftf i'i HA.