Nebraska Newspapers

    IN A SILVER COUNTRY
Condition of the Laborer and
Business in a Land Where
Free Coinage Exists.
WHAT THE MEXICANS SAY.
A Representative of the St. Louis
Globe-Democrat Tells What
1
Hiuee the free-silver people began to
/point to Mexico an an Ideal country
when1 the free coinage of silver hud
made everyone happy, contented und pros
perous, there has been much written hy
men who hud iived there and others.
The re|M>rta, which were not Haltering
to the country, were denied hy tho sil
ver advocates and branded as lies. I he
wilverltes stoutly maintained thut if lu
bor was as well employed here as in
Mexi.'o the great question of what to do
with the poor would he solved as there
would lie no poor. They claimed that
In that country there was no VVull street;
that food, clothing and the necessities
of life were cheaper; that the nation
• was prospering us it never had before,
and ail on account of the free coinage
of silver
The Xt. t.lotrt- Democrat. winn
ing to be just in the matter, derided
to send ii representative there who would
report wlmt he saw and learned, wltli
out regard as to how the reporta would
affect the |iolitleiil idtuutloii. The man
wax one on whom the paper could de
|H pend to tidl the truth.
KM Extract* from some of the letter*
which tlirnu Home light on the subject
iWMl free silver und it* effect* are 1)111111*1
below:
£ Price* llcpeml on Vorelgn Kucliaiige.
Pirate* on I lie high (tea* could hard
i*, a more daiigcrou* menace to com
Wpmercc lietween nalioii* than thi* Hilctim
1 loll of exchange between couiitrie* on
different Htnndard*. Outside of a few
money-changer* at coa*t port*, business
men of tin- state* hardly notice from
week to week the variation* in exchange
between iln-ir country and Europe. Jtul
’ In' the lni*iin'** relation* lietween the
■Bitcd Xliitc* and Mexico tin- changing
ajfcrenee between tin- Ntaudard* i* a
mailer of hourly concern.
Bffjjiil'* ex-liangc today?” goc* with
every morning'* salutation between mer
chant* in .Monterey.
“Hilvcr’M up” or "silver's down” i* the
jerci.'il new - of tii -1 importance.
shrewd repreaentatlve of a Xnn
ynio (Tex.) joiibiug house on hi* way
io the *tnt< from id* mldaununer
Id of tin citii* of .Mexico said:
re'* a Valia I ion of He lietween the
llidurd of tin- Htatc* and tin- ailver
Ud of Mexico within two week*.
U II III --I going to sell good* or do
^boHiiii'-* between tlu> couiitrie* when
i cot to make allowance* for such
Elion*. When I sell a bill of good*
lexica ii nicrcliant on six month*'
've got to figure the price* high
to save my house in the event
Oliver drop* by one of those violent
—ljfion* before the day of aettleinent
Tin- merchant liu* got to murk
Hftiiil price* on a margin sufficient
Cot him ngainst pos*ibIe eiiauge.
i American good* must be sold iu
nt two margin* above legitimate
in order to protect the American
und the Mexican storekeeper
these rapid up and down move
of the standard*. The condition
i< simply ruinous to trade. People will
^jBtvit buy wlien price* are raised on them,
y jHr-'iy house may make a tremendon* profit
ii m or b.n l y save itself in a sale of good* on
fe six months’ time. That isu’t the way to
“ do bu*ines*. You might a* well have a
&'"■ Chinese wall between two couiitrie* a*
tbea."<iiieination*. And thi* is wlmt we
will hare oil ii vastly greater scale if
x the United State* goes to a silver stnnd
II ard and (Jreut Kritain and tlie European
3kB, natipB* continue tlie gold Htnndard. I
nEfi kHf Vlmt ibi* thing of two standard*
ytli-K BMM between Mexico and the States,
don’t want to see it in our trade
Great Itritain and Europe.”
■' A Hollar’* Win lit of l.abor.
Sp’’‘ I' .'dollar worth So cent* eoniiuiinds the
labor in Mexico now that a dollar
| ? W®th u dollar did ten or twenty year*
EM Right there i* the cornerstone on
l^%lQHHpr<>*|>erity iu this silver country is
r building. That is wlmt makes it now
to work mine* with ores worth
*'H' niouey. a ton. That
& Condition of labor brings the cost of min
/ to&ffyid currying out llie ore down to $1
KvA Wl. Tlmt kind of labor Imilt and
the eabb *, wliia-li lake the place
F^^^Hmvitnd* trains. a f
I* thw of the « "»t for like construction and
| Merit tie m in the States. I'fliles have re
I WTOCad the e..*t of , oiixey ing ore from the
I >; .in to the railroad, two mile* down the
* p monntai' to '_’ii cents and .’in cents a ton.
I-r This lalsu- ennlile* railroada to haul ori s
I at from fill cent* to *1 a ton. It figure*
E Iu the cost oi i in ‘ trans.Mirtutiou of the
E coke from the grlf and llie coal from the
B border. And. finally, it enable* 11*'
to "u
M a Ion ini trealmeiil of ore
*tf|>, from tin* tirnt Mow of
tin mint- to tin- Imiilluu of tin
into iiidIiU hi tin* fiirmii't*,
"uifi'a mi tin- |m«ia of ii
io inn- half its valiii- i»
Mill* ll llmiltra I In- |itolll.
if ailn-r u M-a ilutrn if It
w Jilt! Ik 111 llt'll till'll .It evil
I'm liml ill tin- tuillmii ran -nil
Jhf it nl I In tim lii it ,,i \|. t
loin tin* nun-' nil lu-rt, aiul
mi tlo'liir an oniin foi tin
i
a*o, u In n kili i i> it worth
i» ' " I iu • .1 .ll |i.i > it
■r tin' iiutMiftaiion of tom
-il . r wit .ji I'imj au
t lllli •I Mill of
l! ' M' \i ' '! * M 111 f’l Hi
ll l'l| il l lot lo u III 11 ( ,f
M ' M It
I"1' I llotklliai j* In tit .1 ft W
ll
1 ' ll t|. . . lh.<
i ak-rvtu lull u| £% i.i
\\ t- it i
Thu i-otiir*. t |m
Hi au wht*i«*4 at
t*o thin i o mint a | |,ui
U tl of | t | . ,l4|
**f * Iti-lk ltl itm hit! 11* 11
t I lu Mill tl*,. k |„ Iltk
* I***1 tl * Itikl Iht
MMtMIl I
1
* »M*th lllli * ut.it |M
■ 11
•**'* iM tmM Un
_
*“» *
*4 l mu Iimui- ■ I,
ftlhj 4 thu ft* '»»•••**#= 4f*H
■
I’t
h th hai mao
th twcM ttl uu. itk^Hif
.1 •
> ka th*
same paving command* id American 1
money in the State*. American ritle*
pay about $2.50 a square yard for hricl.
paved street*. Monterey will get her I
street* paved for n little less than $2.50
a square,yard, anil that price will be in 1
money worth one-half the American
price.
Other Occupation*.
A* In mining nnd In briekmnklng. '*
i* in all industries. Monterey is boom
ing. Wages remain fixed at the old rate*,
nnd can he paid in the depreciated sit- 1
ver. That gives the margin of profit. ,
The most ktriking of the object lessons,
perhaps, are those which tin* railroads
fumisli. These roads in Mexico are
well managed. The depots and sur
roundings nre marvelously clean nnd
neat. The roadbeds will compare most
favorably with those ill the state*. I he
train service is excellent. Mexican
money does It. East from Laredo to
Corpus f'hristl, on the Gulf, wholly °n
American soil, the Mexican National has
a division KM) miles long. Southward
from Laredo the first division of the
same road, within Mexican territory, ex
tends to Monterey. 168 miles, about the
same distance. On one side of the lllo
Grande the Mexican National pay*
wages In Mexican silver. On the other
side the pay roll Is met with American
money.
Conductors between I.nredo andCorpus
get $105 a mouth In gold. Conductor*
between Laredo and Monterey get $LtO
a month in Mexican silver, which is
worth 807.60, for the same kind of serv
ice.
Engineers on the Texas side nre paid
$.•(.50 in gold for KM) mile*. Engineers
nil the Mexican side receive $5.50 In
Mexican silver, worth $2.H0, for 100
miles.
Hrakcnicn running to Corpus get $.*) a
month in gold: to Monterey, $<MI a
motifli in Mexicali silver, worm g.to.ou.
Firemen on the Texas division lire paid
at tlie rate of $1.X0 in gold for 100 miles
traveled; on the Mexican division, $2.2o,
worth $1.17.
A general officer of the Mexican Na
tional, too modest to have his name in
print, gave fliese wages from hi* Isioks.
When he had read them off to this point,
nn interested looker-on Interrupted with:
"I should think all of tlie fellows on
tlie Monterey division would want to get
on tlie Texas division.”
"Probably they would," said the officer,
“hnl we have combined the runs so that
on nil mixed trains the crew* go through
from florpus to Monterey. That give*
them 100 miles on a gold basis in Texas
and IliN miles on a silver basis in Mexi
co, They have tlie gold and tlie silver di
visions alternately. We do that to give
them nil the same chance,”
"When did tlie company adopt this plan
of evening tilingsV”
"About two years ago.”
“How about wages of section hands?”
The official turned to the books again.
“On (In- Texas division,” lie said, "fore
men get $-10 a month in American money.
The laborer* get 75 cents a day. On the
Mexican side foremen get $10 n month In
Mexican silver, and laborer* 02V£ cents,
in,tli in Mexican silver.”
At the prevailing rule of exchange this
gives section foremen on the Mexican side
$20 a month and section hands about .'ll
cent* a day in American money.
“Hut you must remember,” said the
railroad official, “llicse figure* for fore
men and labor hold good only as far be
low the border as Saltillo, That is 2J0
miles south of the frontier. As you go
toward the interior wages decrease.
Prom Saltillo southward to San Luis
Potosi. 20X miles, section foremen are
paid $1.50 a day and laborers 50e a day,
all in Mexican silver. Still further
south, below San I,ill* Potosi, the pay is
$1.25 u day for foremen and for laborer
ih'Ar a day. Mexican silver.”
"Have railroad wage* undergone any
change with the decline of Mexican sil
ver?”
"No, These are the rate* today, and
they were tin- same in 1XXH. when silver
dolhirs were worth a half more than they
are now.”
Concerning Lead.
“The silver mine owners of Monterey
would lie greatly gratified to see Mr.
Hryan restore silver to $1.20 an ounce?”
was suggested to Mr. Joaquin Mai/..
"On tlie contrary," replied tin, owner
of Sun Pedro quickly and witli decided
emphasis, "the less silver is worth, the
better for us,”
This seeming paradox Mf. Malz pro
ceeded to explain. In so doing he threw
much light upon tlie operation of the sil
ver basis in a silver country. Whut lie
suiil of wuges and living will be par
ticularly interesting in the United States.
"If we got $1.29 an ounce,” he be
gan, "it would be $1.29 in Mexican
money. Mexican money would lie the
same us American 111000/, and both the
same as gold. Under present conditions,
suppose we got only 05 cents an ounce in
American money for our silver. That
American money is worth 190 per cent,
more than Mexican money. In other
words, tlie (i5 cent* an ounce in Amer
ican money or gold for our silver is
worth double that in Mexican money.
So you see we would get no more per
ounce in MexJettn money if silver was
worth $1.29. Now the main value of
our Monterey ores does not come from
the silver, hut from the lead. If I have
lead in my silver ore running 25 |s*r
cent, that will lie 500 pound* of lead
to the ton of ore. At II cent* that lend
1.1 Ifl.fltl lit til.. IIlllt.LlI Ut.ll...
Ih $15 in Bold, which ia $5o in Mexican
money.
"Silver, you muat remember," Mr.
Mni* coutinum!, "iloean't Bovern the
price of lead. If ailver ahould «o up to
$1.^1* nu ounce, or, which ia the an me
tliiiiB, to par with Bold, my lead would
keep about evttU, roBardleaa of the Hue
tuatloll of ailver. It would Mt ill lie
worth 5 cent* lu Bold. My 5oo pound* of
lead per toll would he Worth $15 III Bold.
i>ut ft wouldn't l*e worth any more in
►lller. It would Im- $15 in Bold in Amer
ican ailver ami in Mexican ailver."
Ilnviou ahown that lie would (et very
little if any more in Mexican money
for hi* ailver if it commatuled $1 '.It.
or par with Bold, and haiinif demuu
alrnled that the adiattce of atlver to
$1 'Jtt Woiikl kiio, k him out of half of
hi* return for the I, ad, no n *n re I hi the
Mcxnmi no* Mi M i:, ,«r• .I..i i ,
thnl I*ha»e of the alller iplealien which
hi ineat intefeutiuw to Americana
“V<w. that* ia another ihinu," he *«nL
"and it i* ihi* When *..M »» I
Hr# with Me than loll* i, or w lo'ii I h,r»
wan very little difference, we *«u*l uur
labor at the mine* T5 >«-nta a da# Th,
m»»Hat uaa rquitah-Ht to about T*» cenia
a day la Amaru an metier Today <*e
Mi th*.*,' a*toe miner* T5 cent* a >la»
in Mcxhan m**a»i w hi, h I* now equi*
ih'ttt to at**ut St'« vent* a '(a* in fold
I hi* Itflj n ul l a d»* th* Bold yield* th,
mine owner the aarne am..out of labor
which wa* t<r»du**d for him when th.
|5 real* to Mexican ncn.i wa* worth
n vaaU la t**M The Maxteaa miner
>b»* not ixatuwr for h*« wourWhuaen
and hi* . h'thiuB any hut hie than ytwl
urMh »»*h a« >o*a b.m • d,. 1*4.0
,%,tt„a **««l< at, V *rl» ait *1 ih-*i
tlrlt* are today *whi at the turn* pro,a
•* whew titter •** at par with phi ia
*♦,,» oifc'll t *• 'I • *.lti It-... It,,,.,
■ XI* wae* of the woweia ha*eat Heron....'
at alt TWr <*a |*rf«<tii w*tt wort*
now at the MM** ***** a* they re* aired
ohew aitrwr wa* the m*w at pS '*
the attra* Wap*.
tu w#e»# *a a UtirJ hma the pup.
uwwar ef "••*•»»*» had* hut mutate |a
wapaa on a *ii*»r U*W the utwltet* *>i
| ti 'lka More owl * treat adraatae* «*o*
t ih-.ae af the l «tt*d >1*1** The 1‘aanh*
rwu ti. r ta aa* * ho h ..for* a fair r«*a*
eartaea With thta to rt> **Wn* S*«l «l
Vf -m«r*y They at*, probably. Ih# Wrg
■st silver smelters in the- two countries.
On eh gives employment to about 4ISI
lien. No one will traverse the great
ilaut at Monterey nml doubt that the
ilextean workman in the Industry ren
lers equal labor, man for man, with the
\meriean employ e<| in the itinaha smelt
•r. At Omaha there is little labor given
it $1.50 n day. The wages in the various
trades of the smelter range ns high ns
18 a day. It will not place the average
no high to make it $11 per day. That Is
kmerlean money gold. Here the cona
tion labor unloads the ears nnd heaps the
ire by the thousands of tons In the yards.
This Maine labor loads the ore into the
ittlc iron trnmenrs nnd wheels it under
he sheds, where the more skilled work
men do the mixing of the ores in great
icds, 'This common labor shovels and
ifls nnd pushes as hard n* the $1.50
told labor at Omaha and does it for 0!4%
•cuts a day Mexican silver, or 81%
•cuts gold. This labor works ten hours a
lay for that price. Then there
s the twelve hours labor, so divided
lo keep the smelter running night nnd
lay. Here something besides muscle ru
lers In. The iron barrows must lie
wheeled upon the scales, and one kind
if ore follows another in, as licum after
beam ti|is, until the barrow is full of
lust the right proportions of lend and
Iron ami lime nnd various ores to take
Slit all of the silver in the (melting.
The Mexienus who do this are paid 75
•ents a dny, worth 87% cents American
money. Then come the feeders and the
furnace men, who know just when to
dump in the tiarrow loads at the top
snd just when to tap at the bottom to
Iraw off the bullion. Tills is labor that
rveidves $1 u dny in Mexican silver, or
V) cents a dny in gold. 'The slag pullers
get 75 cents a day in silver. The fore
men of the yards, who moves about ovsr
** cum nun 'ijrc. i mg, nre pain mini r-1
In $5 n day. They are few In number.
Mill fewer aro the furnace foremen of
Hint ripe experience which is responsible
for the results. These get $200 u month,
the equivalent of $100 in gold.
The puy at the Omnlm smeller aver
ages $2 a day, or $800 for the K10 In
liolen^lhe equivalent of $1000 In Mexi
can ilWney. The pay at the Monterey
smelter averages $1 a day in Mexican
money, or $100 for the 400 employe*.
Here i« u difference of $1200 Mexican
money or $000 gold In the dully puy
rolls. The Mexican silver smellers are
said to he making $10 in Mexican money
where the American smelter* lire prolit
Ing $1 in American money. Whether
free silver in the United Htiite* would
ruise the Mexican money to the Ameri
can money or lower the American to the
Mexican it would require the American
smellers to pay only twice as much for
labor where now they pay four limes as
much us the Mexican smelters do. The
wages paid nt the smellers here com
mand trie best of Mexican labor. The
lowest rate, Il2*4c, is nearly dottldc that
paid for ordliiury common lalsir. It
brings to the works brown men with
muscles like at eel, who trot along with
BOO pounds of ore in n harrow. These
Mexicans shed ell clothing hut saiiduls,
Mtruwhiit and cotton drawers as they
push ittid pull tin- ore down tin- Incline
of the long roasting oven*. They have
only one had habit. They will come to
work before breakfast. You rail teach
Mexican labor to smelt ores to perfection
hut you eun not touch the Mexican wom
an to get up and prepare breakfast, sim
ple us It Is, before the whistle blows for
the change of shifts from night to day.
And so, an hour or two after the brown
men haw begun work, the little brown
women come stringing in with the bean*
and the corn cukes and the hit of meat.
Laborers* Wages.
At Cerralvo. in the state of Nuevn
I-eon. is located the lietmvides smelters.
From this smelter there has been
shipped since the 1st of January, liy ox
carta, 1.800,000 pounds of bullion. This
Cerralvo district was a greut mining cen
ter .’tOO year* ago. It bad a government
mint, and turned out quantities of coin
during two centuries under Spanish do
minion. When the revolutionary iieriod
set in mining ceased. Title* lapsed.
With the establishment of stable gov
ernment and the coming of railroad*
milling in Mexico took ou new activity.
The Cerralvo district was one of the last
to feel the spirit of revival. The rail
roads passed by and left this ancient
town in the interior. Throe years ago
American enterprise found this long
neglected district. A smelter was built.
The highly successful operation of this
plant for the pqst three years, ninety
mile* from n railroad, afford* one of the
Is-st possible illustrations of the cheapen
ing of silver production in Mexico. The
manager of the smelter is Mr. H. C. Har
rison, who bus had a good deni of ex
perience In mining and smelting. lie
furnishes the actual cost of operation
from his books and makes a comparison
with the cost of a like smelter iu the
States. These ure his figures:
Smelter operation in Mexico.
Per day In
Mexleau money.
Superintendent. (15.00
Two foremen, at (4. NISI
Two ore weighers, at $1. 2.1*1
Assayer. 4.00
Two engineers, nt $1. 2.00
Two fnraacemen. at $1. 2<*>
Two feeders, nt 73c. ITS)
Four slug men, at ffJHc. 2 So
Two ore men. at 02 lye. 1 25
Two elinrconl men. at H2VfcO. 1.25
Two patio men. at 02}£r. 1.25
Ten outside men. at Mr.. 5.<»i
Two billllou men. nt tKityc. 1.25
Two cards of wood, at (2.25. 4.50
(III titr *• tit*Ini* Mini IIl'IiIs ... 1 All
Total In Mnlcaii ttionojr ....(.Vi ta)
Kmoltrr oporatlou In ('tilled Htntea.
I‘*r day In
tHittod Mutton inou.r
Huiierluttoideiit .... .(lO.ntl
Two fnraiiru. at (l. (•*>
Two ur<* Krlflifti, at (3 50. 5 tat
Aaaojrrr . ftiai
Two I'ttllaarn. at H ■ ■■.. Hi*1
Two fiirntuwiDoit. al (ft... tlta*
Two f o.lt r». at (ft .. Illai
Two nisi? men al (2 50.. 8 <•>
Two ehttrtte wheeler*. at (2 50,...,,,, ft.tai
Two thitretual non. al (2.. * «■ >
i'lt.. var.t non at *2 . 10.00
Two bullion mon. *12.... 4 tat
Two eord* of w.«..l at (ft .......... «•»'
till for ra|t*M ami Ihttat.. I 88
Total lu I’nlted (Uln arnurf,,., (hi .**•
RaeMna*. 0“ . T» *'•
Total In Vfealt-aa «w«»t lift* a
The •'<••• of nothing lho amuo •moltor
toobl ho lu Moat. Ml UO-lo t *1.1* W for
*.l..r on I ho Vuofbiu «i>lo of Iht Hit
Itron-t* It I* *VI lu VI. alto Hint'll
tulbw from a mil’oatl
"ft,,, jarotonl ot«M of anoltiug m VI. al
,n" ..if| Vlr llarriaou. ’Ha «nly alooit
„ thir.l »f what It U In tho IT.it..1
Mtaloa Tht* about* ihut a tori tow
ata.W t*f alitor »*ri tahl* h taoufl U ant* It
. .| al * low In tho I Tilted (Mlrt ■ an he
tta-ti.-tl h.ro at a |.*t.hi ttur furttw.e
it. twenta Iona of «»o a day at a
.,»! of VI a f"t labor TV
.rtta* *n»l toltahtllla of labor la an iut
>,.M.i*t fartor In t*»lliH« llvra I*
afra. .* wo h«to rb»*n an>l »'• t,l» wort
. ,« Tin’ it'iaft Imonto >1 an adult
.„ ia« lit* »f Vuaat. (.*»« ta Itt .*«*>
a .Itt Ihom ta nartoit a <ltt I 4>
hat* t" tuna *a»a «»tf Th*
. ti|» iw*u*iatnx» ht a §**!*# aoetona an a
..full. ■*». rat. V*.l labor Mttth.l Th.
4 Mf nttntu* in th* I'arralao dtatiwt
,i toauanol With th* atalam part wf th*
1 0.1*4 Mataa. ta about ..a* Math what *t
, tw ('..b-ratht ao4 on* tight h what U
a t* Vt.i-na ‘
Uta Wio* *»4 Ita Ualyat
II la* atk who I* th* itahoal naan In
|Mak|a lb* V
VI .1 a (toll* no I a* tat to
Th* *n«* ttf VI. alto Two.. Ilnaaaa I* a*
nf th* ******* Hi tha wotato.o h»w rh*ar
ly >aa liltti ht ftolaml at a t**oht b
V|. too. VI* IWmi »# » aanTtal V
fa ta toarw «*•■ *»> .aoi f Mat taat an (Into
t>4o (inltMa Th* a*>. t nf V(aainatbaao
Datum'* rapid riae to the diatinction of
the ('roeatta of Durango i* the atory of
the I’romontorio mine. Thnt i* n proper
ty of which the miuing market never
heard. It i* known to Durango people
heentme they atm the ox cart* and mule
wagon* come creaking in with titton*
of ore monthly. The mine i* 100 mile*
north of the eity, ami the ore mint he
limited thnt diatance in enrt* and wagon*.
The ore i* quart*, and all thnt i* tint*
traiiNported i* of a grade which yield*
IflO ounce* to the ton. The monthly ahip
ment from the l’romontorio i* IIO.IKH)
ounce* of ailver. In a year tliia amount*
to 1,000,000 ounce*. It I* worth in
Mexican money $ 1 .JOO.000, and In Amer
ican money ftloO.OOO. lint thl* ahipment
of ore at the rate of (WO ton* i* not ull
of Mr. Darnin'* product. From hi* own
work* nt the mine lie make* every day
a har of ailver weighing 1000 ounce*, A
bar of ailver worth $K!00 in Mexican
money and half of thnt in American mon
ey ia not very formidable in appearance.
It ia only 10 indie* long by 4 indo * in
breadth and thickneaa. livery day on#
of theac bar* i* turned out at the mine,
brought down to Durango and added to
the Mlnl’b of treaaure in Maximiliano
Darnin'* warehouac. The mint otlidala of
the Hatted .Stale* will have an opportuni
ty to handle a collection of theae bur* if
free coinage become* the law.
Tin- prcMi-ut product of the I’romontorio
ia t ,,'UMi.OOO ounce* a year, worth $1,740.
400 in Mexican money, and to Ik- wortli
thnt in American money If 111 to 1 pre
vail*. Tliia ia one man'* mine, Thnt i*,
iM-rhapa. thl- reawm *o little hua been
heard of it.
About ten year* ago, when ailver lie
fan to go down, the I’romontorlo began
to uncover It* rlehuea*. With hi* rep
utation eatahlialied a* the rieheat man
in Durango, Mr. Datum doe* not admit
(lint he hua done any milling, lie iiaa
aituply been developing what there i* In
the I’romoiilorio, blocking out the uiMaaea
«... I... ..I ...1. 1... - .I,,...,
to the rcnl business of mining. Hilt
while doing development work Mr. Daiuui
I* Inking out incidentally ore which
yields him ounce* of silver
yearly. A Assure vein wliieli give* him
thl* ore currying 180 ounce* of silver
to tin* ton i* from 1H Inelie* to R feet
♦tide. While developing hi* property,
Mr. Pnmiii Inis taken out a third cIiinm
of ore which lias not been shipped to the
smelter or treated at the mine. He now
hu* a dump containing 80.000 tuns of
such ore which, he says, will average 00
ounce* to the toil. That mean* 11,000,•
000 ounce* more, to he worth $.’t,H^0,
000 when the United Htate* declare*
for unlimited silver.
Mnximiiinuo liumm can furnish nil
of tlio silver the mint* of the United
Htate* will lie aide tu coin into
dollar* during five week* of opera
tion at their present full capacity.
Open Mint* Cheapen Silver.
"Why is if that in a silver country,
with unlimited coinage, bullion docs not
go to the Mexican mints to lie coined
into dollars, hut i« shipped out to lie
sold In another country when* it lias u
II u<t mi ting value and where so much of
it ns would make a dollar In your mints
is worth now only half u dollar?”
Till* wiih submitted, during the rest In
the saddle of l.ua Mltras, to the owner
of the mines below, from which the Mex
icans were trotting forth in never-ending
tile witli their sacks of ore. The mine
owner chucked a pebble over the preci
pice, and shook Ids head, as if the ques
tion was too much for him.
“Well, why do you send your own
bullion to the United Htates to lie sold
at bullion value under the gold standard
instead of having it minted into dollars
which are worth 100 cent* on the silver
iiiisis?”
The mine owner got out Ids pencil and
figured. He took the exchange, the cost
of transportation, the .'(77 grains of fine
silver in the Moxiciui dollar, the .'(71
grain* in the American dollar, the ounce
value, anil made elaborate calculation*.
At length Id* face brightened.
“Hllver,” he said, "yields today 4 cents
an ounce more when sold In the states
as hid lion, after paying freight charges
and brokerage commissions, than it
would if taken to the Mexican mint* uud
coined into dollar*.” '
THK FAKMKU AND 71IK ttll.YKJtlTK.
He was settln’ on u shoe box at th’ corner
uv th’ street,
Chawin’ plug terhueker aa’ waitin’ fer a
treat,
While he squirted bis terhueker juice at an
Inerfenslve tty.
He saw an honest farmer come a-walkln'
slowly by,
So be hinted up his britches, an’ he took an
other chew.
Ah’ boldly waded Inter him, rii’ this la what
bo blew;
"Can you tell me, iny friend, why the chinch
hug Is eatlu’ up your grain?
Have yer ciphered on the problem why we
git so little ruin?
Cau yor toll me, plodding farmer, why tho
army worm's aruuud?
Why th’ tarual yeller sunlight la huruhi' up
th’ ground?
Can yer tell mo why th' weavll, th' rust an'
lfes«lHu fly
Are emiu’ up yer auhstauce? l>o yer know
th' reason why?
Why th' price uv eggs an' butter, oats an'
corn, mi' wheat an' rye.
Are a fallln' In the uiurket a* th' years are
paasiu' by?
"The reason why these dismal cloud* cast
tlielr shudder* 'crest th' sun?
Why yer debt* are gsttlu* bigger, as th'
seasons go nnd kom'r
Th' reuson frr Hus trouble la plain enough
ter see.
Tla that orrui, renrrul, uuatjr thing; ur
‘crime uv '711.'
Tew he aure. y«r didn't know It fer thirty
veura er ao.
Hut It worked tula orful liavur. It dealt
thl* deadly blow.
Th' tlold Hug* down In Wall atreat under
rover uv tit' law,
■ lav' gobbled u|i yer earutuga In thalr
Ihlraty. hungry maw.
■Hlyteen to one' will rura you 'tla th' allo
pathic plan."
The tanner alopped and llalenad. tho' It
alinual Uuwle him iaf,
tt the atuiild. aenarleoa logic UV Ihla whit
tlln talkin' eult.
\u‘ hi* dander 'gau artatn' at Ihta ever
laatlh' hure.
Y«' he hriekeit h>a hoela togetbar an' ha
•buk hla U.ta an' euoy*:
You luu.i think u* farmer* h*v' uuiblu
aloe to do
•lot •tan' aroiiu' an' arglly with am h larmal
1‘kiU a a you.
You'll legta'ale the want It, ehla. k bug an'
Heaulan ty.
You'll taatduto lb* r» tad rug a* knew th'
re.wot Why.
You'll mi—t th' lawa u* Mint you'll change
th' wuooua 'younth
y .it'll at Mg lb' golden auaUght Irom ahtala'
one in' ground.
1h' W* mat »grbaa. you'll change It
|e*t ter tub
.Vltb With' u« lb' alivuy 'elite** tew one
Mail * d"itarn woetb na atalal wtll h*
wo*tu butt ttahft *u mmh.
it be* am dad by th’ goearomeut an' git a
It* taught Math
You’ll huat ad *U th* rultruuita. ahoga. an*
•atthMM MMh.
•tub th dmtta tUly aaaaeam a* you a»a«y
after < taahu
M o»at to# m» tbul I maubtt ah**
thing* oaf* 411 bah*at,
Uoum lima about hoeaatbu* la th' yaw# •*
ltd tea MWU a**g b* ht.Urre yrumluad
aunt bar MY
taut y*» t»d tb pubhta' himy that
•o«d *■» hag 'mmmr about,
taut b# d •**»» M ha baggy •*' bta
Mia* u*u.d h* mud*.
I t htjdjwt -pul I* hid tut* h»» ftue#
t*e V. £. t yuAuud t* b*o« *•*>%, y*<
w* UUY*f hud ***■ b Ubu*
tat t bate I* unit* * agtgl a lb<ag« tbat
>»»* b'U«W d**«
they h»o» who* *h»* *a bau* MmhI My aa
S',. a bn « ■* <•*•»
a* lb»Hrt.«*i h«w
HOI WILL THEY VOTE?
Many Thousands of Young Men
Have Reached the Threshold
of Their Career.
TWO POLITICAL PATHS OPEN.
Sound Money Stands for National
Honor Debased Coinage Stands
for Dishonor.
There nre a good uiuny thousand* of
young men who will this year east their
llrst vote for President. They stand on
the threshold of their career and are
looking forward to achieve success in
life In some chosen vocation. With hut
few exception* they nil expect to bo
business men aud by their own effort*
win a competence If not n fortune. Tbi*
ambition to obtnin wealth I* laudable
and should be cherished by every honest
and Industrious youth.
To these young men the money ques
tion, which is now the |w>lltleal question
of tin- moment, Is of surpassing impor
tance, not only for the right canting of
their votes lull for the right understand
ini# ixi l.iialnasa fnr it tlu*V lift
not understand the meaning of money,
what It should be, what it ia for, and
what it can do, there ia' hut little hope
that they will bo able to accumulate
much of It, or, accumulating It, know
well how to uac It.
The common phrnso in bualnea* ia
"milking money," but money ia only a
mean* for obtaining other thinga. When
a young mnn ha* saved hi* llrst hundred
dollars be doesn’t put it awny or bide It,
lint Invest* it In other property or loan*
It at Interest until he can find nn oppor
tunity for other investments. As be Ih
erense* bis money be sets It at work for
him, and In this way grows rich. Money
is not the ultimate object of business,
but It is the means whereby men obtain
wluif they want.
It is of the lirst Importance, therefore,
and each man's common sense eonUrma
It, tlint the money we earn, that the
money we borrow and lend and that we
use for the purpose of exchange should
lie uniform and stable in value, that it
should mean the same tiling next year
that It does today, and the world of busi
ness 1ms agreed that gold and silver
makes the nearest approach to that
kind of money gold for largo transue
tions, silver for small. Tlmt these
metals can be equally used history
shows to lie impossible, so the wisest
nations have provided lliat gold should
have the prineipal place and silver he
treated us subsidiary.
The political question, then, for the
young man who now vote* for the first
time to decide Is, whether it is wiser to
follow the teaching* of history and tbs
example of the most aiieeessfui liiislucs*
nations of the world or to start out on u
plan that has already been tried ami
found diaastroua. Khali we as a people
take pm lorn after Iiiuglaml or and
Mexico? Skull we learn from China 01
from Germany?
Mow does a young man net for himself
when looking around among his elders
and superior* in business life? Itoes lie
choose tlm example and advice of suc
cessful men of the Armours uml Fields
and Gages of commercial and finniwiu!
life or does he start out regardless of
their methods and nttempt some short
cut to sueeeas? Mow many young men
have stood at the purling of the way*
looking wistfully into the future? Mow
few have taken the narrow uud forbid
ding path of lmrd work, thrift and self
sacrifice, but that leuds to the mountain
tops, and bow many the flowery road
that is so enticing in its ease and pleas
ure, lint which ends only in morussea
and despair?
As it is with individuals so it ia with
nations, and no |>euple can defy thf
principles of honesty and integrity in
their national life any more than in
personal life.
Sound and honest money, which meant
money ss good ns gold in this campaign
st a mis for nutionnl honor. A debased
coinage stands for nutional dishonor
Which banner will our young ntcu fol
low?—Chicago Tlmes-Mernld.
THE-MODER N A LA DIM N.
How Bryan Ignores the Experience
of This and Other Nationa with
Free Coinage.
Mr. Kryan states that he believes tin
free coinage of sliver, by our govern
meut alone, at the ratio of 111 to 1
would raise the price of silver to $1.2t
|s-r ounce; and he never tires of ulleg
iug that our government is strong, am
_i k. - —.1 ......,.,.#.>1 i.. __........11-1.
thia neiilt without waiting or asking ful
tin* co-operation of aujr other conutry.
In making thia prediction Mr. lirytti
ignores the experience of ItiU uud othei
nations of the world iu regard to Iht
coinage of silver during the past MM
years; hut waiving that, let us see whal
his proposition involtea.
I presume it will h»< wlwrfrf by Mr
Itryau and hi* adhcr«ni* that the prke
of ailvrr hulllon in tbia country cauimi
Is* affected without at the same tutu
a If e.l u.g it everywhere, a Ini that tin
rise in the price wilt apply lu ail ailver
whether in hat* or wans a* well a* it
coin, throughout the world
The figures I shall give, except thorn
showing the production »»f stiver since
IStC* are alt taken from a report suh
amted hy Mr Vourheea. a free aiivei
sdvoeate, on behalf ef the ninth,v com
miltee ef the Nenate. Match tk U**l
which report kt vntltWd "t'oiaage I awn
of th, I ailed Mute, from ITW to tkttl
with aa Appendix Itehxtiag to t’utaa am
fur react Fourth khlHion. tinted an.
t'..rreeled to Awgoal I. I«W l‘repsre,
t ader the Iktectioa ef the (Vcmmitiee
Actordiag Iu that report, page JtA
the erode. icon of stive* Ml >he e«rh
«fvt«n IM«t to t*«i smooutert to I.MB,
Tt* ettnvea. and th-e* he* been pro
ed since tkWl •*- ••••
oca.ee fit unml numhefa. Add hie tc
•he other sum and mm have • total ei
Maf.Mtl.tld M*1'" I M** *» «*j»»
showing the pfwdtVtkan of etlve* pvt*# b
and hJ^TeTunot give [hr «g
area hut I thtah t» mat ha *aM» aa
BKssTOtttss:
auMU%£R5
rent* per onnrr. or 95,040,000.000. And
strange to say. the larger part of this
added wealth would !>c outside of our
own country. In gold standard coun
tries the commercial value of
the silver coins in circulation would be
brought nearly to the gold standard.
This flat of onrs would substantially
double the value of 9112,00(1,000 In *11- >
vcr coins In (irziat Britain; $500,000,000
in France: $215,000,000 In (iertnanrt
$54,000,000 in Belgium; $10,000,000 In
Italy; $15,000,000 in Switzerland; $$r
000,000 in (} recce; $155,000,000 In
Spain; $10,000,000 in Portugal; $K5.000,
000 In Austro-Hungary; $56,000,000 In
the Netherlands; $4,0041,000 in Rwedeni
$6,400,000 in Denmark; $44,000,000 In
Turkey; $7,000,000 in Australia; $15,
000,000 ill Kgypt and $110,000,000 In the
Struits, la-side* $025,000,1X10 in this
K-ountry, and raise all thl* money near
y to par with gold: and yet we are told
that all theae countries not only refuse
to Join Mr. Bryan nud his supporters,
but even do not syuipnthixe with them
in thi* stupendous enterprise which would
udd so much to their wealth, and in
a large degree relieve them from
the burden now resting upon them
of keeping their gold and silver coins at
par with each other In their circulation.
But how would it work in the silver
stundard countries? This government
flat of ours would at one fell swoop sub
stantially double the value of $41,0u0,000
in silver coin* in llussia; $50,000,000 in
Mexico- $6,000,000 In the Central Ameri
can states; $.'IO,(lOO.(NH> In the South
American states; $H6o,000,000 In India,
and $725,(XXI,(XX) In China, and would at
the same time double all the private and
public debts of those countries, which
have been contracted on the silver busis.
But Mr. Bryan's proposition l* more far
reaching limn that. He asserts that he
believe* that thi* legislative flat on our
part would not only bring the silver now
ill t'Ainii'iii'i’ in mir nun kuhi ni lur
ratio of 1<I to 1, nut would keep it and
tbe future production there, although
doubling the price would hereafter
probably double tbe production.
In view of I bene fuel* In there any im
propriety in inquiring bow it ia that we,
lO.OOO.INH) strong, enn affect the money
of 1,'150,000,000 people by ii simple stnt
ute, while the l,<int),000,(X8) cannot by
bytisliitlon nlfeet us? And are the people
of Great Britain and continental Europe
and ninny millions of Americans to tie
dubbed ‘'money-grabber*" and "pluto
crat*" If they healtate to believe that Mr.
Bryan bn* found and eurrie* Alnddin'a
Wonderful I.nnip, and enn produce these
slupendouH results? And are the million*
of people in tlii* country who liuvc made
rout rads and Investment* upon the pres
ent monetary standard, which la gold,
and which lui* been the standard lit least
si nee INTO, and I think since 1804, to lie
charged with (wing unreasonable wiien
they ask Mr. Bryan to *tute explicitly
what be believe* would occur not only
In their Interests, but to the IiiihI'.ich* of
tlie whole country, if hi* prediction a*
to the rise in the price of silver should
not be fulfilled and tbe standard of ex
change should suddenly be changed from
a gold to a silver linsl* with no, or at
best a slight advance in the commercial
value of silver bulliuu? J. Ij. T.
Hu* the American Farmer Forgotten
That under President Harrison’s ad
ministration the prohibition against our
meat product* by Great Britain, Ger
many. Denmark, Austria, France, Duly
and Hpuin were removed?
Ha* he forgotten the high price* he
received during the time* reciprocity
and protection were in force?
Ha* lie forgotten that our trade In all
agricultural product* wu» extended dur
ing thin time?
lias lie forgotten that onr exportn of
bacon, haul* and lard was Itierwisad
$11),000,000 in one year by this same
|*>llej V
Huh be forgotten that we exported
$12,000,000 more of American beef
product* In a single year?
Hu* be forgotten that we exported
$10,000,(8)0 more of live cattle annu
ally?
flan he forgotten that we exported
$1 flO,000,000 of eerenla, namely, wheat,
$115,000,000, flour $28,000,000 and corn
$7.0*0,0007
Has he forgotten that we Increased
the foreign *ale* of all onr agricul
tural product* $275,000.(88) annually
over what it had been previously?
Ha* lie forgotten that fonr year* ago
Mr. Bryan and hi* free trade friends
promised him that if the McKinley bill
wn* repealed bettor price* would be ob
tained for nil of hi* products?
Has he forgotten thut ull these prom
ise* failed of fruition, and that instead
of receiving better prices all agricultural
product* have depreciated in value?
Ha* he forgotten the good time* that
all classes, the farmer, the wage worker
und the bnsine** mau enjoyed under
protection and reciprocity?
Doe* he propose to accept the promises
of tlii* miime Bryan crowd, who make no
reference* to their pledge of four year*
ago that tlie re|s<al of the McKinley
bill would bring relief to nil classes in
till* country, and who shamelessly ig
nore all reference to those proiniMes, and
now seek hi* vote* under pledge that a
deltanisI anti depreciated money will
remedy the hard time*?
The American farmer should not for
get that protection and reciprocity
brought him prosperity.
Tin-Working Mini's Vote 1* III* Own.
Bryan and hi* shunter* make much of
the charge that effort* are tiring made
to control tlie labor vote. The lalsir
vole cannot lie controlled. It t» free,
A secret vote must of necessity Is- free.
It was to make it free that legislator*
made it secret. There would he ample
... • «... uielllma kil.
ter* to working louple by their employ
er* on the aulijeot of election. if Oli'h
action liy the employer* Involved com- -
puhdon: for thi* i* * free country, ami
the right of every eltiaen to freely ey
iirew* hi* owu view* hy hi* own vote
ithtrttH a lot mint be Mr redly maintained.
I’toler c vi* tin a ilrenmnlanoea lettera of
advice written b) employer* to their em
,.lo> i* are no more to l»> renanWd *«
attempt* at loiiipoUmn than la the cir
culation of Mtiy other 11*a* of campaign
literature tu be .».n»id»red aa an attempt
at compol-tou the* are a k- itnai*
part of the "campaign of education,
to he judged by the irgmn* ola they mtp
tain ilot acted upon *a the recipient*
may b-M> to he U <t for their own in
icnat* Milwaukee >5*«nii*d Wunonaia.
» mat m tinnvv v* »>tt i anv,
Wa had a pubd* mealin' In th# veh-adb*»««
here tod ne*k ._ . .. . .__
And a title* ft>»m ika .'l*y waa Invited *»•*
H. 4%32 » ike annyawt nf hnanaa tn
every Mil . _ . . . ... .
And • tainted that ha one <«ar*mil n*
•how aa ahal **a ttohi
‘ H*-.^tohi...
: t a-wan »* i*** wdnad* *** •«- •••*• nn*
Uwi at anath _ _ . __
He a antpeed v*d a dnlwr aehearn and «to»—
i tall week iatava.ee
Ha nn* Haw*** ••
|M 4“«?*!t!uid ’d**** .eel* eotae and ltd
vv.md*a*t*ad Ml Veaiek aew datovea a» paat