Image provided by: University of Nebraska-Lincoln Libraries, Lincoln, NE
About Harrison press-journal. (Harrison, Nebraska) 1899-1905 | View Entire Issue (June 18, 1903)
r m CABINET OFFICERS EARN EVERY DOLLAR OF THE SALARIES THEY RECEIVE. r AJS I T LMT(DI1A1LS OPINIONS OF GREAT PAPERS ON IMPORTANT SUBJECTS Vigor from the Farm. CECKETAKY HOOT, who is a native of Clinton, Oneida County. N. Y., deplores the fendiirs' of t2ie A !,!,.!, if rural communities fur tit v life, llei J estimate that the urban population of tbe couutry Is n,.w uri.OOO.UOO. The movement to the cities goes on at an Increasing ratio. "We are facing," says toe Secretary of War, "a new net of condition In the formation of national character. Lire In the city tend to greater alertness of mind, to a sharpening of the faculties and greater uervou energy, but at the Mine time to a atralued Intensity and refinement of the nenroua system which will make a dlf fereut race of u. If the strong, self-possessed, self-centered, dominant man Is to continue his race he must con tinue in contact with the soil. No race of the city bred cau pci-jetuate these qualities, for the nerve and sinew are strengthened and the moral Integrity enlarged aiid oV.Vned by contact with the soil, by the soothing and calming Influence of nature." The city Is always calling to the rural American of the old Block. It offers hltu golden opportunities, and he comeK to make the most of them, ltun through the list of the generals of Wall street, the leaders of the bar, the skillful physicians, the merchant prince, the big contractor, the engineers and architects who are most In demand, and you will find that a surprisingly large number of them came to New York with one suit of clothes, a change of linen and a ramshackle trunk. Their capital is thrift, hope and an appetite for work. Their constitution was a bank which honored every draft upon It. They out-work, outfight and out live l lie city man, aud faJI Is not In their leiicou.-New York Evening Sun. English Jury System. II K English Jury system remains so far unmodified I for two reasons that It has worked well ou the 1 whole, and that public opinion. Ls not easily roused In favor of Innovations. But the requirement that all the twelve good and true men shall be unanimous does occasionally cause great Inconvenience. We had a flagrant Illustration In the PaseDliull case, where two successive Juries disagreed. And In the London Sheriff's Court the other day. one obstinate man held out against the other eleven, and caused all the labor of the bearing to come to naught. In the opinion of the under sheriff, who summed up. there whs no point of difficulty to be decided; but whether there was dillieiilty or not. It is amazing that one Individual, a twelfth of the whole lwidy, should have the tiowcr of nullifying the unanimity of the rest. Of course, the jury is "the palladium of the Englishman's til vrilett," and as such lias furnished many a (lowing oratorical jierldd. No one. however, proposes to tamper wllh the "pal ladlum" The only change advocated Is tin substitution of a two-thirds majority for absolute unanimity. The Scotch have got on very well with a majority system, which applies in England already to coroner's inquests, and would not do any harm at Assizes as well - I.ivcipool Mercury. Problem of the Country Towns. I V i; It Y year or two somebody of an Impulsive turn of L4 mind publicly discovers that The country towns ar I going to smash, whenever a number of particularly I tough eases have been brought to light, through the courts or otherwise. These prophets of woe are of the aine das as travelers who Judge a city by Its slums and back streets. The country town is no annex of realms celestial. It has Its toughs sometimes, its degenerates oeca Hlonallv, and Its share of no account folks, like the city. Only a few of tin-in. to be sure, but police supervision being inH-ef"nrlly limited, moral lapses sometimes become pro nounced aud offensive, yet much less so than would hupp" in the cities were the restraints equally lax. The big cities without a trained police force would be scarcely endurable as iibfces of residence. However, such comparisons do not deprave I hat l oom for country improvement exists. c.-pe dally when much of the good old stock hai been sup planted by people of Inferior and neglected training. What ever can be done by way of remedy must be done by the good citizens, aud It a part of the personal responsibility of each. There are officers to be aroused to their duty, laws to be enforced, children to be kup-t lu school, work to be furnished, relljflous and charitable measures to be eni ployed. What many a town needs mare than anything else Is selectmen and constables who are willing aud anxious to perform the plain duties of their office. American Culti vator. Eyes and Headaches. OST medical books for popular reading mislead lyi By confining himself to what be calls a "blograpli I 1 leal clinic," Dr. George M. Gould has succeded In A 1 his book called "Genius and Eye Strain," In writing one of the most useful works on popular medicine that has recently appeared. Koine four centuries of Investigation In modern medicine were necessary before the faculty discovered the relation between the Imperfect lens of the eye and nervous strain, which registers itself In large or small derangement of the entire system from a passing headache down to life long derangement of digestion. It Is uot surprising that this relation ls still little understood by most of the commonalty. Hy taking four men I)e Qulney, Carlyle, Huxley and P.rowulng-and using them as examples of the neglect of thin fact, Dr. Gould has made one of ttiose convincing personal demonstrations which will lead any one who watches their own development or has to do with children to be prompt to understand that where there Is Interrup tion of normal function. In adolescence or during any work of any kind, mental or manual, one of the lirst questions which should be asked is whether the eyes do uot need examination, not by some one who does nothing more than (it glnsses, but by a competent physician who makes this field his specialty. There are fretful children, Juvenile delinquents, women who are unable to control their tempers, and men who find themselves unequal to the task of plying their craft, their calling or their profession, whose life would be changed and altered If this were once understood aud acted upon. Philadelphia Press. Thousand-Dollar Bills. Till; recent finding of a thousand-dollar bill has brought out the Imiuiry, How many such bills are there In existence? As a number of correspondents have asked us this question, the answer may be of general Interest to our readers. According to the tables prepared by the. I'nited States Treasury, there were out standing on Jan. 31. 100,'i, United States notes of the value of $l.oiM) each to the amount of $:";,035.OO0. Of the treas ury notes of lsoo, $,rii;-l,0iH) was outstanding In $1,000 bills; J-jn.ooo was outstanding in national bunk notes in such bills; $4U,7:;.V.(H) in gold certificates, and $150,000 .in silver certificates, making the grand total $73.51. "'.500, which would seem to prove that there were outstanding, accord ing to the treasury estimates on Jan. 31 last, 73,,"il.V-i $l.(oo bills. The greatest amount of our paper money is in $10 b.lls, which foot up to $i H).r.."xl,ii!l2. Then come $.". bills, amounting to $.'M!).!KM.201. with $'-!0 bills third, footing up $.'t:sii,r.Nl,ri(;;. These three classes make up practically two thirds of the paper money now outstanding. The fourth class Is $10,000 bills, the fifth $100, the sixth $1, the seventh $1,000, the eighth $50, the ninth $-', aud t lie tenth $5,(KiO, The great bulk of the ones and twos, aud even the fives, are silver certificates.. More than half of the tens are I'nited States notes, while national bank notes and gold certificates make up the bulk of the twenties. He yond tin- thousand dollar limit there Is practically nothing but gold certificates, the only other paper money, according to the treasury table, lx-ing three I'nited States notes, two for $5.o0.i each and one for $10.000. Boston Herald. AMERICANS OF PURE BLOOD STRAIN ARE FOUND IN THE APPALACHIAN MOUNTAINS. M ANY people understand lu a vague way that the purest American strain of the United States Is found lu the Southern States. In some of these the proportion of foreign born is a minute fraction. Of course, In the Atlantic coast and gulf line States there is a large black mixture, but in the Appalachian Mountains the while Anglo-Saxons are found almost pur. This i an enormous region, stretching from Pennsylvania to Mississippi aud making up the mouutaln hiulerland of nine States that front ou the ocean and on great navigable rivers. Tti President of Herea Collese. which lies near the Kentucky mouutsiut, describes ttiese people In a recent lecture In the North as "our contemporary ancestors." The phrase describes them like a picture. These mountaineers, to the number of several millions, are living In the precise manner and amid almost forgotton conditions of colonial times. Industrially the women retain the art of the spinning wheel and hand loom; the men are clever In the use of the whip saw for getting out lumber and the band mill for grinding corn. Tbe mountain stills use the primitive method of the last century and the mountain potteries make open lamps In which grease Is burned with a floating wick. Intellectually they nave rather degenerated than developed from the Hcotcb-Irlah ancestors of the eighteenth century, but they have retained strict, though narrow, religious ideas. What is to lie the future history of thine colonial Americans of pur blood, hardly changed for five generations, who thrive and multiply lu lonely horue. only a day's Journey from uioderL civilised life? They bare physical rigor and latent Intellectual power. Tbe few Individuals like Andrew Jack son and Lincoln wbo have risen out of th mass havo left the strongest mark upon our national life and history. It Is a common question. In playing with historic analogies, where the burbarlaus are to come froiu to renew decayed American clvlllxutlon as the Teutonic tribes renew that of Koine. Perhaps thy will pour down, when the time Is ripe for them, out of this mouutaln backbone of the continent. Mlnueopoll Tribune. -piIE position of cabinet officer must be a snap In Washington," re I marked a visitor to a resident official friend in the office of an uptown J hotel this morning. "I would like to have the office 'tendered' to me. 1 The alacrity with which 1 would 'accept the portfolio' would be aston ishing." "But there might be reasons why you would not accept." replied the official. "The position Is very far from a snap, as you say, and I, being a poor man. would, for one man In the capital, decline the honor, no matter how nui'-'i I might secretly desire the oftke "There is not a member of a cabinet, with possibly an exception here and there, who gets out of the game for less than JJ0.000 a year and no one under $10,000 or $lk.000 To properly maintain the position of cabinet offi cer, and fo live upon the salary would entail the practice of economy" which would be quite unusual. A member of the house can live and many practically do- upon his mileage, but not a member of the eabinet upon bis salary. I have known of many members of different cabinets who have spent from $30,000 to $150,000 a year. In the Senate and House combined there are scores of men who have practically do incomes other than their salary of $5,000 a year. These men work for what may be properly termed their wages. "Cabinet officers do uot work for their salaries; tbey merely aeeept what the Congress decided a century or two ago, in stage coach days, to be adequate compensation. The salary of the office did not enter into their calculations in ninety-nine cases out of 100 when their portfolio was ten dered them. "When a cabinet officer is a wealthy man, aa most of them usually are, they work for a variety of reasons. Some have wives who have social ambitious and tastes which cannot be gratified in their former environments. Others work for the personal pleasures, the privileges and tbe honors the position bestows, the last being more or less passed down to their posterity. Others give up $100,000 a year Income, toll like messengers over their desks by day and eat official dinners at night for reasons past finding out. Some believe, usually erroneously, however, and occasionally correctly, that ser vice lu the cabinet may prove of future use to them in presidential conven tions or in senatorial elections. Dozens of members of the cabinet have resigned before the end of the first two years. "The pay Is incommensurate with the responsibilities and tbe work. A cabinet officer once said to me: 'My salary pays my house rent and gas bills. My work Is performed solely for love; It is uncompensated, and, upon the theory that the laborer Is worthy of his hire, I am going back home and gather up the stray strings to my scattered Income," and home he went shortly afterward. "To the feminine members of a cabinet officer's family the rule is re versed. They get about $1,000,000 a year each out of It In the gratification of their personal ambitions and desires and the fun they have. "You often hear men say: 'I would go Into the cabinet for $8,000 a year." These men can't get in. Ninety-five per cent of the cabinet officers of the United States, who are not multimillionaires, serve their country at a sacrifice, and the latter do, too. to a certain extent. Upon a single meeting of the cabinet may hang the fate of hundreds of thousands of lives and the expenditure of billions of money, yet the men who thus are to pass Judg ment are paid salaries on a par with the cashier in a1 New York bank of. small size." "I should think that Congress would properly increase the pay of cabinet officers." "My friend, you do not understand Washington life. For over a century there has been a deadly social feud between the members of the Senate and the members of the cabinet. Up fo the time of the passage of the. presidential succession act, placing the cabinet In line for succession to the presidency in tite event of death, the Senators bad the best of it, but to-day the wives of the cabinet members carry the trophy flag. There is no immediate pros pect of the passage of the bill you suggest." Washington Star. ENGLAND'S NAVY TO BE INCREASED BY ADDITION OF THIRTY-ONE NEW VESSELS. THE naval program of the British government for the coming financial year Is bold and comprehensive, says the London correspondent of the Washington Star. Although the details of the ships to be ordered are not yet drawn up, It has been decided to order thirty-ODe new fighting vessels, exclusive of a river gunboat, a new admiralty yacht, and a surveying ship. The new program Includes three battleships, three armored cruisers, four scouts, fifteen destroyers, ten submarines and two coast guard cruisers. Even the "forward group," who desire the navy to be increased at the expense of the army, will be satisfied at fhe estimates, which propose a net increase of the naval expenditure of 3,250,000. com pared with the last year. Exclusive of 1,250,000 met by appropriations, the total expenditure will be 34.500,000. The personnel will be 127.000, a net Increase of 4,000, for which 010,000 Increase Is taken. The biggest Increase, however, Is 2,250, 000 for new construction, principally In contract work. The item for arm aments has decreased by 150,300 to 3.250.000. but there is an Increase of rw.ut-lv r.liWIIIII In wnrlru Those who have complained in the past that the naval authorities appear to have been asleep while other countries were making a great fuss over the doings of their submarines will be particularly pleased with the state ment explaining the navy estimates. The admiralty have been active In the matter of submarines and lefore long England should have a nice little fleet of these queer craft. A year ago five of these vessels were under construction and tbey have been delivered. Trials will shortly commence to test their practical ntlllty. both for defense and attack, and ou may expect to hear some interesting details. Meanwhile four vessels of an Improved type have been laid down, and It Is hoped they will bt completed before the end of March, 1904. One of tbe four bas so far advanced that preliminary trials have begun, but se crecy ls maintained aa to tbe results. Evidently thsy have been sat Isf ae tory, for it Is proposed to build tan more. SMALLEST HORSE IN WORLD. I. it liiutiun Twenty-Two Inches Itinh, Vriti"iI Hevenl j-Three Pound", What Is undoubtedly the smallest J.oie lu the world, says tbe Los An-iseU-s corresjKindeut of the Buffalo News, has Just been brought to Tain jiico. Mexico, by Tabiato Ksposito and oUl to A. J. Morrison, of IO Angeles, fal.. for a Urge price. This Tom i bnmb of equine, which 1 appropri ately named "Llllputlan," stand Just high enough to reach to bl owner's inns and weighs only seventy-three pound, though fat aud plump. The jvouy is 7 year old and la "IMi inches - five and a half band tail. Lilliputian lias a history that Is al most as remarkable aa bis diminutive 3le. Tbe Mexican wbo disposed of blui clulms be stole tbe animal and a Jut Immediately disappeared there seems to be uo reason for doubting the assertion. Tbe wily aenor, it ap pears, got Lilliputian from an Island off the const of South America, le lueen Guatemala and Samoa. Tbe .native there worhlp pretty little horses and keep tbem constantly guarded on a high cliff. Eaposlto took Ibis and another dwarf tbe two sum Hi ft he could Dnd-aud made jinay with them by lowering tbem fro i n I he cliff with a rope, lie was hotly pursued. Before reaching Mex ico tbe other borse, lesa tardy than Lilliputian, died. The tiny pony came near being eaten up tbe other day by a big blackmaned Jluii that bad been on exhibition in Los Angeles. The lion was In bis cage and Lilliputian was browsing nearby on straw that had been scattered about. There was an opening In the cage where the keeper could put In a I ucket of water. The lion reached ids heavy paw through and caught Lilliputian by the tall. The little fel low gave a kick ami a sitieal ami part d with a handful of balr and Mesh. Mick. Mr. Morrison's bulldog, went to fhe rew ue nnd seized tbe lion by the under lip. In the mix up Lilliputian em iiped. He Is intended for a family ju t st Mr. Morrison's borne In Los An geles. toasted Meats lUre. "A gl part of the dyspepsia tbat jirevMlls in America," said tbe chef of tin exclusive bote! to a Philadelphia lleiord writer, "I due to tbe custom vt baking Instead of roaatlug meats We say we roast our meats. We talk glibly of "roast beef.' 'roast chicken and so on; but what we should say Is 'linked beef and 'baked chicken,' for anything cooked In an oven Is baked, not roasted. We don't talk of roast bread, do we? Yet we cook our meal In the oven as our bread Is cooked. "To roast meat you must cook It on a spit before the (Ire. You must turn It constantly. Every little while yon must baste It. It Is hard to roust mi nt. Hut meat roasted Is in every wuy better than menf baked. It Is tenderer, sweeter nnd more digestible. Also Its appearnnce Is more appetiz ing, and the appearance of a v In ml hns a tremendous effect on It digest ibility. "Kxenment actual experiment baa shown that the sight of an appe tizing dlsb starts tbe gastric Juice to flowing Instantly, aud that such n dish digests much more quickly nnd thor oughly than an unnppet Icing one. Al together w ought to gu back to the genuine roasting process of our an cestors, and our health would Improvt and there would be less talk about vegetarianism. "Of course I and all good chefs ac tually roast meat, lint roasting Is with the average cook lu the average American household an unknown process." An Engraver's Ke. All engraver of Odessa bas engraved (he entire Russian national hymn upon n grain of corn, nnd recently he pre sented the curiosity to the Czar, ills majesty has now forwarded lo him through the Civil (Sovernoi of Odessa n gold watch and chain, with his Ihatiks for carrying out such a la bo, rlous undertaking. Ill-Timed. "You sny your pln)'ng created a great deal of talk?" sal J tbe friend. "Yes," answered the pianist, "but, unfortunately, It was mostly riming uiy performance." Washing! (Star. DON'T DROP BEHIND. No Womsn Bhoold Lom Hsr Ileld Upoa Proaraaa and Orowtta. Oftentimes one bears a woman com plain that she ls losing bar bold on progress tbat sba hasn't time to read and to keep up generally. Why baa sbe dropped behind? Some women do not Under any circum stances, amid any surroundings, tbey develop. Take tbem Ihto a log cabin In the wilderness and tbey return to civilisation and talk to delightfully about their axpeiiencea that everyone envies tbem tbe chance of the wilder ness and tbe joys of tbe log cabin. In their success one finds a blot of the poasiblllty of cstcblng up with tbe procession, and keeping up with It. too. Wbat Is their secret of progress, where other women fall out of tbe Hue of advance? One woman, relates Harper Baaar, wbo lived In tbe most out-of-the-way place In all Texas for some ten year, aud came back more charming than sbe went, explained It thus: "I never let either my dres or my mind get careless. There Is a great deal In girding up one loins, as the Bible advises, and keeping tbem girded. Once loosen everything and you dis solve In sloth, and lose ground before you know It." She was determined not to drop behind, and. having the will, she found the way. She kept up her correspondence with many friends, subscribed for a New York pewspaper. and read It regularly, even If a trifle late,' and studied with so much Inter est t be Hf of the far-away siot where she lived, its people, It tnltuul. It plant, It custoai and incidents, that wbMs the came back to her Eastern home and tslked to her friends about it. every wnmnii of tbem sighed and sld: "Oh. what an opportunity you hud In bulug there!" Instead of coin- mlseratlng her for having been a thon aand miles from a woman's club. Bees and Red Clover. Select strains of Italian bees work under certain circumstance on th blossoms of common red clover, partic ularly of tbe second crop, the corolla of the latter being shorter than tboae of tbe flrat crop, at leaat In most case. Carnlolan bees also work on these blos soms. Had tbe some care been be stowed upon tbe Carnlolan race in the way of selection of breeding material during the past forty year that ha been given to the Italian race no doubt elect strains might now exist wblcb would work to a greater eitent on red clover than the best bred Italian. Tbe longest longued honeybees, however, are tbe Cyjirlnn race, and these work the most freely on red clo ver under such condition as any bee will work on this plant. All honey bee whenever aeeu working on blos soms are distributing pollen, of course, and effecting tbe pollination of tbe pis tils. Yet tbe main pollinators of red clover ar still wild bees, especially those of (he genu bombiii, tbe com. toon bumblebee. A fincrcd Tree. Tbe oldest tree on earth with an an Identic history Is (he great bo-tree ol Kurinn. Kor twenty centuries It hns been held sacreil to ntlddhn. n net ni person Is allowed In (ouch Its trunk When the linves fnll they lire carried away as relics by pilgrim. L'lidressiil kid Is (he favorite mate rial for slipper, but slippers arc not (he favorite material with the un dritwed kid. Some men's Idea of a brilliant le'.dei I a partner wbo lends (romp oppor tunelr. ! jibes North America ha twenty volcanoes. utral America twenty-five and South imerica thirty-seven. The so-called sword of the narwhal s in reality nothing but a huge tooth, it sometimes grows to a length of ten 'eet. A herring lives the shortest time of iny fish when taken out of water; :-arp and eels the greatest length of :iine. 'Thewfves ot knights and baronets nave no legal right to tbe title of lady." They should be known as 'dames." In tbe colony of Queensland there are sixty thousand more men than women, ind In New South Wales ninety thous and more men tbsn women. A well-known English woman pays M.000 a year to be made beautiful. Her treatment lasts from six to seven iious every day. She is kept In a bath for one hour, and a dark room for four, ind for the remainder Is bandaged from head to foot in chemical prepara tions. About sixty thousand water-wheels a re used for manufacturing in the United States, yielding 1,300,000-horse power, or one-quarter to one-third of the whole power used. Of this total,, iTiO.OOO-horne jKiwer is used by the two thousand mills In New England. It was not until 1875 tbat the amount 'it steam-power used passed the water power used in New England. There ore one thousand miles of river avail able for power in New England, and two thousand dams. A naturalist, while visiting Great Sangir, one of those Islands of the In dian ocean known as the Celebes or Spice Islands, found a curious time recorder lodged nt the house of a rajah. Two bottles were firmly lashed to gether and fixed in a wooden frame. A quantity of black sand ran from one bottle into the other in just half fin hour, and when the upper bottle was empty the frame was reversed. Twelve short sticks, marked with notches from one to twelve, were hung upon a string. A hook was placed be tween the stick bearing fhe number or notches correKpoiiding to the hour last struck and the one to be struck next. The sentry announced the time by striking the hours on a large gong. CONFESSION OF A VEGETARIAN. Often Unr.cered for Meat, but Felt Worse After Eating It, In a downtown store where vegetar ians are supplied with nut meats the proprietor's son ls himself a devotee of the cult, lit has been living on vege tables, fruit and nuts for nine months and is nu enthusiast. "Hefore I adopted my present mode of living," he said to a Mail and Ex press reporter, "I was bothered with headaches and felt bad sluggish and stupid. I worked daily in a gymnas ium, but couldn't shake that feeling tiff. Then I changed to vegetables and nut meat and I felt like a different being. My headaches left me; I felt bright and lieeame more active. I found I could bear a greater physical strain in the gymnasium. Why, I can dance all night without fatigue. And some of the men who live as I do can stand the greatest amount of cold without discomfort. They come in here for nut meat on the coldest days, wear ing no overcoat, vest or undershirt. It's Just fine." He drew himself up as he spoke, his eyes sparkling. He wai enthusiastic. The reporter to whom he was speak ing was ratber an ancient person of portly bablt, much given to the flesh pots through defective early training, pofsibly, and withal Inclined to scoff. So with diabolical Intent the reporter said to the glowing youth: "Don't you eveT experience a meat hunger? For Instance, a nice, thlek steak, deep brown on tbe outside, tbe Inside a robust red, tbe steaming Julea running out of It, fried potatoe and " Alas, for frail humanity! It was too much. Tbe youth bent forward, tba corners of his month quivering. Ha permitted his questioner to get no for (hen thon the potatoes. "Ob, yes," he Interrapted. "I eat steak occasionally, bnt I always feel the worse for It next day." si. louiTboy who is the CHAMPION BIBLE READER. St. Louis claim to have tbe cham pion bible reader In the person of young Hardy Winn, a member of tbe Lafay ette Park Baptist church of this city. Hardy Is but Hi year old, yet he bas record of reading 270 chap ter of both testa ment In one week. This remarkable fent was accomp lished as the result of a bible-reading jmkdy winn. jonteet started lu Hnnly's Sundny school elasic The fact lint young Winn works during the day mikes his efforts sll tbe more note worthy. Hardy proved an easy victor In ibe jontest, rending the entire new tct:i tnenf nnd ten chapter of the old. All rhe nt of the class combined r n 1 nil CHI chapters, and the'you'n will be ircKctited v prtae by bis teachers fur N ood showing. Trt'iniiml facilities of wasps nrc itot. rerj huge, bat tbey axe ample f.r hi Ir arpo.