r
Wncle Sean's Gurv
HJ extensive plant established by
the Bolted Suti government at the
WiUngton navy yard Is one of the
attrattions for visitors to the capital
tity. Several Immense buildings are
reQalred for the accommodation of the
aadlnery and workmen employed,
M4 the entire work Is carried on
under the supervision of naval officers.
The princlpa'. structure of the group
of. Buildings Is approximately 900 feet
lonf and 100 feet wide, and is devoted
to tie boring, rifling and Jacketing of
the pins, or the complete construction
of the guns proper as distinguished
froB the carriage and other accessor
let. The well-known Morgan traveling
erases and hoisting apparatus are
employed for suspending and moving
tha heavy ordnance, and In applying
the Jacket thereto, and this machin
ery Is all of the largeBt and most sub
tattlal type.
Trackways and beams of great size
and strength extend along the sides
and across the upper portion of the
building to support the traveling
hofets, and the suspending chains,
made uoXof enormous links freely
travel longitudinally and across the
building, and upon each of the mov
able beams Is a house or cab eontaln
Inj the propelling mechanism and the
operator.
Gigantic lathes are used for support
lot the heavy guns and operating the
drills and other required tools, and the
most expert workmen are employed In
this important work.
The "jacketing" of the gun is a deli
cate operation, requiring the highest
order of mechanical skill. The slight
est flaw or Inequality In the surface of
the gun is quickly detected, and fre-
VIEW OF THE
junntly more than a single trial Is
necessary before the Jacket is success
fully placed in position. The visitor
observing the , "jackuting" process
will bo impressed with the quiet dis
cipline of the workmen engaged. The
master workman directs his subordi
nates, and especially those in charge of
the hoisting apparatus, almost entire
ly by signals with the bead and hands,
and the noisy shouting of orders Is
not resorted to. In fact, the discipline
of the great establishment la quite
atrict and along naval lines.
Numerous notices are conspicuously
posted to the effect that workmen are
not allowed to talk to visitors.
Vccssarlly the quality of the metal
Jployed in the manufacture of the
huge guns, constituting the armament
of our great warships, Is a matter of
first Importance, and the materials are
objected to the highest tests known
to science. As a result of the great
care required In this respect, as well
as in the subsequent steps involved In
tbe development of the finished pro
duct, the cost of producing these guns
la Try great.
Another large building Is devoted to
tbe building of gun carriages, especi
ally designed to support the large guns
and a large force of machinists Is em
ployed to operate the great variety of
machinery e"ployed In thlg branch of
the war;'
Many curious and specially designed
machines are seen in operation here
for scraping, shaving, drilling and re
ceaalng the hard gun metal, and most
Of them are entirely automatic, requir
ing only the attention of a skilled
workman to adjust the work and keep
tbe machinery In perfect working
order.
!a ttin another separate building
the work of forming and drawing cart
ridge cases la carried on, and this I
by no means the least Interesting de
partment of the plant to the ordinary
Tlsltor. The rapid transformation of
a bulky, cumberaome looking blank
Into a thin, shapely cylinder Is an
operation which attracts the eye antf
excites tbe Interest of the unskilled
-Jwron.
Tbe array of boxes or crates of com
pleted cartridge cases ranged along
one end of the building would Indicate
that Uncle Sam is a Arm believer in
the soundness of the injunction, "Tn
time of peace prepare for war." The
formidable looking rowa of cartridge
cases, however, are harmless, as they
have yet to be charged with the projec
tiles and high explosives.
As above stated, all of the work con
nected with the gun plant is in charge
of naval officers who are specialists
In the construction of ordnance, and
here and there about the great work
shops Is seen one of these officers ar
rayed at this season in his summer
uniform of white duck, with a cap of
the same color, the spotlessness of the
garb contrasting conspicuously with
the rather grimy surroundings and the
greasy overalls of the hand workers.
The gun shops necessitated the es
tablishment within the yard of a rail
way system on a small scale, and the
tooting of locomotives and the shifting
of loaded flat cars give evidence of in
dustry and labor.
The manufacture of naval guns and
ammunition has greatly increased the
number of the government's employes,
and constitute another step In the
growth and development of our na
tional strength and resources.
Anarchist Don't Prosper.
"Very few anarchists ever become
prosperous and contented citizens,"
says a detective. "There have been
some instances, though. I have in
mind one man who fifteen years ago
was very prominent in anarchistic
circles here. He even published a
little paper in the interest of an-
INTERIOR OF THE P EINC1PAL STRUCTURE.
archy. The sheet was so rabid that
after the Haymarket riots it was sup
pressed. This man was an expert
chnmjct and his fame had followed
him from Germany, from which
country ho had been exiled. .He was
offered employment at a Balary of $10
a week, more money than lie had ever
dreamed of making. He was frugal in
his habits and soon acquired a snug
bank account. With approaching af
fluence he turned his back upon his
old associates and eventually married
an American woman. To-day his
name Is but a memory among the
anarchists." Philadelphia Record.
Lincoln' Ancestors Made Iron.
A government report on the iron
and steel industry says Abraham Lin
coln's paternal ancestry was Identi
fied with the manufacture of iron In
Massachusetts. The head of the
American branch of his father's fam
ily, Samuel Lincoln, emigrated In 1637
from Norwich, England, to Massa
chusetts. Mordeeal Lincoln, son of
Samuel, born at lllngham on June
H, 1657, followed the trade of a black
smith at Hull, from which place he
removed to Scltnate, where "he built
a spacious house and was a largo con
tributor toward the erection of the
ironworks at Bound Brook" In 1703.
These works made wrought Iron di
rectly from the ore. Mordeeal Lin
coln had two sons, Mordeeal, Jr., and
Abraham, 'who settled in Berks coun
ty, Pa. Mordeeal, Jr., waa the great-great-grandfather
of Abraham Lin
coln. A Fnnnf Numeral Nyalam.
The natives of Murray Island,
Torres strait, have a numeral system
which la based on two numbers,
netat, one, and nets, two. Above two
they compute by composition nels
netat, mean three, nels I nets, two
and two, four. Where they get above
this figure they have recourse to dif
ferent parts of the body, beginning
with the little and other lingers of the
left bond and going from there to the
wrist, elbow, armpit, shoulder, etc.,
on the left aldo, and thence down tbe
SKops
right side to twenty-one; the toes giv
ing ten numbers more, to thirty-one.
Beyond this they are satisfied with
"many."
"A a Error la Nature."
Among the more interesting ex
amples of uncommon British birds at
the Zoo ia a crossbill, the seed-eating
fowl which Buffon stigmatized as be
ing "an error and a defect in nature."
But Buffon only dwelt upon the odd
way in which the upper and lower
beak cross each other obliquely, and
was not aware that this apparently
deformed bill Is exceedingly service
able In extracting the seeds of applet
and pines, upon which the crossbill
chiefly feeds. The specimen at the
Zoo is of a greenish-yellow hue, but
the full-dressed male bird Is bright
red, which color, together with ita
crossed bill, has been explained In
a medieval legend as due to its at
tempts to draw out the nails from the
cross. London Express.
Eradicating Rabies.
During th? whole of 1900 no case of
rabies was found in England or Scot
land and It Is asserted with confidence
that the disease which had been pres
ent for centuries has been entirely
eradicated. This official statement
justifies the stringent muzzling order
passed by Parliament a few years ago
and the vexatious regulations against
Importing dogs. A few cases of rabies
were reported from Wales, where the
regulations were not enforced strict
ly. For the first time in fifty-one
years not a single person died of hy
drophobia in England and Wales in
in 1899. New York Sun.
Harmony In Homo Furnishings.
Women would da well to give much
thought to color harmony and circum
stances rather than style when choos
ing house furnishings. Upon the har
monious blending of wall and llooi
covering, together with the woodwork,
depends much of the success of the
room; yet some woman, hearing thai
red walls "are the etyle," and seeing
how effective a soft shade of It la with
the pure black Flemish oak, straight
way has It put on her walls to com
bine with yellow oak. How much bet
ter a gobelin blue burlap or cartridge
paper would be! , Then, too, often tbe
mistake Is made of having everything
of one color to match, thereby causing
monotony. Artistic decorators advo
cate old rose In rugs and hangings as
a relieving contrasting bit to gobeli
blue walls and yellow oak woodwork
Chicago News.
Which la the Nobler Animal?
A group of spectators stood in front
of a cigar store near Seventh and
Spruce streets last night and watched
an intoxicated man being led home by
a red setter dog. The man was almost
helplessly drunk. He held the dog by
a chain. Once In a while he would
grab a lamppost and cling to it with
one hand while he held the dog's chain
fcy the other. The faithful, patient
dog would sit down for a while and
then would lug at tho chain and aroiwe
his Inebriated master. "That's noth
ing new," remarked the center of th
group at the cigar store; "that dog
takes that young man home In thai
condition almost every Saturday
night." Philadelphia Record,
Franre'a Inrreeae In Population.
France la proud of the increase In
her population. The census figures foi
this year are 38,641,333, an Increaae In
five years of 412,384. The Increaae In
the preceding five-year period waa only
133,819. .
Etymologists declare that the sugar
cane has 227 varieties of Insect enemies.
SOTES ON SCIENCE.
5URRENT NOTES OF DISCOVERY
AND INVENTION.
.'be Hygienic Care of Clothing- Neural
gic IV ins and the Nerve An Inter
changeable Bicycle A Brake for Ship
at Baa.
SCIENCE OF THE NERVES PAIN.
This term Is used to designate re
.urrlng paroxysms of pain, usually
.ffecting but one side of the face. The
ause of the trouble Is, of course, an
mportant consideration, since if it can
le found there Is a chance that it may
e removed, and its removal will
iventually, although perhaps not im
uedlately, terminate the attacks.
This tracing of the pain to its
lource the point where some form of
nflamniat'on irritates the delicate
lerve endings is not always easy.
Jne naturally looks first to the teeth,
vhich are often at tho root of the
.rouble; but the nose, the throat, tho
sar may each be the seat of disease
which occasion the neuralgia; or it
nay be chargeable to some disorder of
.he stomach or to a deranged condi
.ion of the general health, although
.ho two latter causes are more often
iccessory, rather than primary.
Iu almost every case the sufferer Is
compelled, from the severity of the
;aln, to seek temporary relief in what
;ver way he may.
When an attack is allowed to pro
ved without the employment of any
,-neans to ameliorate It, the initial dull
jain increases by darts and throbbing,
slowly becoming more violent and
rapid until the sufferer bhrinks almost
is if from blows. Then, having reached
.ts worst, it gradually or suddenly
vanishes.
Heat applied externally in some form
is always beneficial. It may be ap
plied to the face and neck by means of
.he hot-water bag or bottle, or of the
more primitive hop bag or salt bag.
The Important thing is to have the
hag large, thick, soft and flexible, so
that it may long retain its heat and fit
closely to the face and neck.
Recurrence of the attacks is caused
by exposure to cold and dampness, es
pecially to damp winds, and by any
exposure or injury of the nerves espe
cially affected. It is common, for ex
ample, for an attack to recur with
severity after the removal of an of
fending tooth, especially if its removal
'a attended with laceration of the gum
or jaw.
Internal remedies, best used under
the physician's direction, are frequent
ly necessary. Treatment, however, ia
never to be confined to the relief of
the pain; the sufferer should invari
ably be sustained with tonics and an
ibundance of food. A generous diet,
"specially in the matter of fatty food,
li te butter, cream and olive oil, is inJ
portant. Strength Is lent to the theory that
malaria frequently complicates facial
neuralgia by the fact that the remedies
employed againHt malaria almost al
ways lessen the foice of neuralgic at
tacks. The chances of being permanently
relieved from neuralgia are less In per
sons past middle age than in the
young and vigorous. For this reason,
If for no other, efforts to locale anil
annihilate the eaune should be deter
mined from the beginning.
INTERCHANGEABLE BICYCLE.
Here is a novelty in the bicycle line
which will be greatly appreciated by
the man who objects to riding a wo
man's wheel and yet does not feel rich
enough to purchase two separate
wheels for his wife and himself. A
little study of the illustration will
ihow the reader how the sections of
the frame are manipulated to bring
ibout the desired result. The seat
ind handlebars are removed in effect
ing the change, when the front fork Is
dipped out and the frame tilted over
.he other side up. The crank hanger
is attached by means of a Btrong clamp
WHEEL FOR LADY OR GENTLE
MAN. ind Is easily set in either position,
.he connection being tho front and
ear sprockets being msdo without
iltering the length of the chain for
ilther position. The seat and handln
3ar being replaced at what Is now the
:op of the frame, the rider Is ready to
aks a spin.
fllK HVOIKNIC t'ARK Or CLOTIIINU.
Many people who pay great attention
;o cleanliness from the sanitary point
jf view, who lay much stress upon tho
proper ventilation of their rooms and
tre careful to bathe often, are yet
found wanting In one most Important
particular thot Is, the hygienic care
of clothing, especially outer clothing.
Underclothing goes frequently to tho
laundry, and Is not, therefore, the text
of these remarks. But many people,
otherwise scrupulous In their personal
hygiene, will come In from a long, hot
and dusty Journey, remove a warm,
pcrsplrallon-soaked dress or coat, and
hang it at once in a close, dark closet,
or place in the game receptacle a skirl
that has been for hours gathering up
the filthy sweepings of streets and cars
It is small wonder that the average
wardrobe should give out a most d la
agreeable odor when the door has been
closed for a &hort time.
All outer clothing, especially If of
woolen material, should be hung up in
a current of fresh air to dry and cool
before being put away. Dress shields
the linings of women's collars, and
the bindings of skirts should be often
renewed.
Frequent change of clothing will be
necessary, and "dress shields" should
be worn by all who have this unpleas
ant Infirmity, men as well as women
and the same suit or dress should
never be worn on two consecutive
days. Indeed, for every ,one, for
clothes and shoes alike, the alternate
day system is both cleanly and eco
nomical one day for wearing, one day
for airing.
WELL-DRILLING MACIUNES.
To drill wells In soft or sandy soils
Is the work of the apparatus seen in
the accompanying picture, the invent
or, being a Nebraskan. Ordinarily the
task is accomplished by driving the
sections of pipe with a heavy sledge,
but this arrangement Is intended to
HYDRAULIC PIPE-DRIVING
CHINE.
MA-
remove the earth immediately below
the end of the pipe, causing it to fal1
gradually into the ground. The ap
paratus consints of a suction pump,
which is connected with the horizon
tal cylinder lying In the box, the cyl
inder being in turn connected with
the churnlike cask on the platform.
The pipe is connected in sections by
means of ball joints, which allow free
play as the pipe falls, and the upper
end of the pipe Is attached to the cask.
The hole formed by the pipe Is filled
to the surface with water and the ac
tion of the pump in sucking the water
from the hole draws the loose dirt
from around the end of the pipe into
tho cask, which acts as a settling
chamber and can be emptied from
time to time. The water passes on
into the cylinder and thence back to
the earth again. The inventor claims
that one man, with the aid of this ap
paratus, can sink a well to the depth
of 300 feet, the pipe cutting its way
gradually downward and sinking intc
the hole by its own weight.
THE IBIS AND ITS SUBSTITUTE.
Mr, H. F. Witherby, a recent traveler
on the White Nile, describes the sacred
bird of ancient Egypt, the ibis, which
he says, very few travelers in thai
country ever see, because it only visits
Egypt during the period of inundation;
but the dragomans, knowing the de
sire of all foreigners to see the famous
bird, point out to them, as a substi
tute, the buff-backed heron, which it
really totally unlike the ibis. The
head, neck and legs of the latter, all
bare of feathers, are jet black, In sharp
contrast with the pure
wiiite plumage of tho
body. "The wings arc
edged with black, like a
' mourning envelope, and
from each s h o u 1 d e i
droop green-black feath
ery plumes. When flying toward
one tho . bird seems to be streaked
with blood, for the wing bones are
bare of feathers on the under side anc
the skin which covers them is af a rict
vcrmilllon color."
A "SAND-BOW."
The unusual optical phenomenon ol
a rainbow produced by the sun shin
ing not on rain drops but on partlclef
of sand suspended In the air by wind
was witnessed over a part of the Great
Salt Lake recently by Prof. James E
Talmage, of the University of Utah
The colors were very brilliant, ami
there was a secondary bow visible
The main bow was fully double the
width of an ordinary rainbow. Only
a segment of it was seen. The sane'
was oolitic, consisting of calcareous
spherules of fairly uniform size, rang
ing between the limits of No. 8 and No
10 shot, which are polished and ex
hibit a pearly luster. Prof. Talmage
points out that the production of th
bow must be duo to reflection from
the outer surfaces of the spherules,
and cannot be explained on the prin
ciple of refraction and total reflection
generally applied to the explanation
of. tbe rainbow.
A BRAKE FOR BOATS.
Count Posse of Sweden has inventec
an apparatus for stopping tho headwaj
of boatB, which, he thinks, will be use
ful In preventing collisions between
vessels of all kinds. The apparatus,
which has recently been tested on a
large steam-launch, consists of steel
plate shutters, npplled on both aidec
of the vessel about one-quarter of lur
length from the stern. These can bt
opened and shut by the helmsman
with the aid of a lever. When th
launch waa going at full speed, nln
knots an hour, It was stopped In fif
teen seconds, within half Its length, by
reversing the engine and extending
tho shutters.
PERSUADED WITH A CAMERA.
How Voong Man Won Onr Hla ',
peetlve Father-ln-Law.
"It waa simply bull-headed luck,"
aid the young man with the red shrrt
waist. "Papa declared that it would
be a- warm day when he consented to
my marrying his daughter, and aa the
weather record had been broken eev
eral times after he had made that re
mark, I was beginning to lose hope.
When all-the-world-to-me went on her
vacation I went to the same place and
put up at the same hotel. Now, papa-in-law-to-be
ia an old blowhard, and
it made me tired everybody else, too
the way he bragged about the flan,
he caught in former years. Finally,
some one hinted that it would be a
good plan for him to make good and
give us an example of his skill as a
fisherman. He accepted the challenge
and spent three days getting his tackle
ready. He went alone, as he said be
didn't want to be bothered by having
any greenhorns along, and we waited
with bated breath for him to return.
Now, I am something of a camera fiend
and late in the afternoon I started out
to take a picture of a little wooded dell
when the shadows were well down.
Z was making my way to the road
Un..V. .1.1.1- v...nl wlinn T Ai a .
Lijiuugu buuic mien uiusu nucu i. mo-
covered my daddy-in-law-to-be. stand- g
fng in the middle of the road bargain
ing with a small boy for a long string
of magnificent fish. Quick as a flash I
took a snap shot of him just as he
was holding onto his pocket with one
hand and digging into it with the
other. I let the old man brag around
the hotel for three days about the fish
he had caught. Then I showed him
the picture, told him if he didn't con
sent to my marrying his daughter I
would spread it broadcast over the ho
tel, and pointed out where his reputa-
tion would be. He wilted, gulped hard
and surrendered. He isn't a bad sort
when you know how to handle him."
Detroit Free Press.
SOUVENIR CUPS LATEST.
Made of a New Metal and In Many '
Fantastic Shapes. - '
One of the latest fads to show itself
in the jewelry trade is the souvenir
cup of metal. This article, says the
Jewelers' Weekly, is already popular
In some sections of the United States.
The souvenir spoon fad had its origin
in Washington, D. C, and so, too, the
souvenir cup in its present form, seems
to have first appeared in that city a
few months ago. It has now extended
to other cities. In Washington the
cups became a fad because that is a
great tourist center. So far these cups
have all been made to order in Ger
many and imported by one or two
New York firms, who cairn" to have
control, for this country, of all manu
factures of the metal employed in this
form. But if the demand expands and
develops into a general fad there is
every reason to expect American
manufacturers to enter into competi
tion with he German houses that now
have the monopoly. The metal used
Is the new Kayser Zinn metal, which
has come into demand lately for vari
ous uses, and the cups are sold either
in their natural condition or silver
plate inside and outside, or silver plata
outside and gold lined. The popular
shape is that of a white tumbler three
and a half inches high by two and
three-eighths inches in diameter at
the top and one and five-eighths
Inches at the bottom. There are other
more fancy shapes, such as a small
German beer stein and a small thin
goblet eight or nine inches high. On
the sides are local designs which give
the cups their souvenir significance.
Saved tho Little Bottles.
" I have a patient who to wonder
fully considerate of my interests," said
a prominent physician lately. "A few
weeks ago be had malaria, and I pre
scribed quinine for him, giving him
four-grain capsules, so that he might
take the drug without discomfort. He
came out of his attack and a few days
later called to eee me at my office.
Judge of my surprise When ho exhibit
ed the empty capsules and said, 'Doc
tor, I thought you might like the little
bottles, so I saved them and brought
them back.' He had emptied each four
grain dose of the bitter powder, and
then essayed the rather hopeless task
of washing it down with water: I
couldn't do otherwise I'jan to take the
'little bottles' from him without a word
and next time I'll give him quinine
in another form." Philadelphia Pub
lic Ledger.
Taken Family In Balloon.
The archduke Leopold Salvator, who
Is considerably interested In aeronau
tics, recently made an ascent In his
balloon, Meteor, accompanied by his
wife and little eeven-year-old daugh
ter and Princess Theresa of Bavaria.
The ascent was made in Vienna at
about 10 o'clock In the morning, the
Danube was crossed at about a height
of 6,500 feet and the descent was safe
ly accomplished some three hours la
ter at Kornenburg. In Berlin a per
manent International commission has
been formed to promote ballooning.
Both In the Interests of science and of
sport. Chicago News.
A Remedy,
Citizen I'd give a clean thousand to
Ind some way to exterminate those
iparrows. Sporting Friend I'm your
nan. I've got just the thing. "Out wlUi
t." "Oct the Legislature to pass a
game law protecting them."
A remote period Is the one due at
the end of a woman's remarks.
tn the last century geeae were raised
In Russia and Poland In vast flocks,
almost entirely for the sake of their
quills.