Nebraska Newspapers

    HAMISON PRESS-JOURNAL
GEO. D. CANON. Editor.
HARRISON. - - NEBRASKA
NEBRASKA NEWS NOTES.
By direction of the mayor and order
f the chief of police every slct ina
ehine In Grand Island has beta tup
pusscd. Johnson county experienced a Morm
Wednesday. The wind blew severely
and some enow fell. The wheat-is
la excellent condition.
A revival is In progress at Humboldt.
Rer. Philip Smith of Sutton preached
a sermon at the Presbyterian church
Tuesday evening:, assisting Ktvs. Fryse
sjhI Evans in their work. Itev. J.
Muaford of DtWitt Is also present and
helping in the work.
The case of MeCaity Bros. against
the St. Joseph & Grand Island railnuad
cooipany has occupied the attention of
the district court at eJrand Island. It
la a case of damages fur destruction of
crops, alleged to have been caused by
filling a cuivert under the railroad.
Wednesday evening about 7:30 fire
was discovered in the basement of the
department st.re of S. Mendelson at
Clay Center. The flue stop had fallen
cut and fire had dropped down on a
pile of comforts, which were smoulder
ing. It was soon extinguished. The
loss is trifling-.
Propositions are being circulated In
the form of building two new bridges
acress the North Platte river near tier
ing. This will give the county three
kridges, there being one at present.
The propositio nis asked for by reason
cf the desire of couth Fide people to
reach the railroad now being finished
through the county.
John Rafter, a miller, aged 71 years,
employed as head miller in Crabb's
roller water power mills, near MeCool,
better known as the Stone mills, was
working around the shafting, when his
clothing became entangled in the shaft
ing; rod. Oily by reason of his clothes
tearing loose did he escape instant
seath. He received such Injuries that
little hopes are entertained for his re
covery. His left side was torn open,
exposing his lungs.
A successful farmers' institute was
held at Ord. There were 0- or more
present. The institute began Tuesday
afternoon and closed Thursday evening.
A pleasant feature of the meetings was
the music by the high school pupils.
During most of the institute there was
no session of the high school and the
pupils attended in a body. During the
cession Superintendent C. L. Anderson
was invited to talk on matters pertain
ing; to better methods of education and
te took occasion to urge more art and
beauty for school rooms and grounds.
The entire family of H. J. Iammers
f the steam laundry of West Point
was poisoned Wednesday evening by
fating brick cheese. The cheese was
purchased of a local dealer and was
eaten by the family for supper. No ill
effects were felt until they had retired,
nd at that time violent vomiting and
sickness attacked the entire family.
Drs. Summers and Saramons were im
mediately summoned and after working
with the victims for the greater portion
of the night succeeded in placing them
out of danger. The tinfoil in which the
theese was wrapped is supposed to have
caused a chemical change in the arti
cle and made it poisonous.
E. J. Mack, foreman for the Elkhorn ,
Irrigation and Cattle company, while
looking over the ranch the other day,
found a very small pig, that was either
orphaned, had strayed away from the
fold or been abandoned by its mother.
His first impulse was to kill it, but on
second thought he placed It in his
buggy and took It home. When he ar
rived at his barn he carelessly dropped
the pig on the barn floor near a highly
priced thoroughbred collie which had a
litter of pups. When he had cared for
his team and went to look after the
pig he found It nestled down among the
pup taking much needed refreshments
rrom the canine udder with many
grunts of supreme satisfaction. The
mother dog lavishes her affection upon
It as a prodigal son and seems to take
as great Interest In it as she does In
the eight little puff-balls of her own
flesh and blood. Mr. Mack, finding
things so agreeably adjusted, left the
foundling with its foster mother, aiany
people visit the premises dally to con
Orm with their own eyes a story scarce
ly credible.
DEFICIENCY IN SIGHT.
Lincoln, Neb. (Special.) Hon. Georg
i smith of RurYalo county, formerly
state senator, and now a member of
the visiting and examining Doara or ine
soldiers' homes of the state, was a vis
itor at the state house. Mr. Smith said
to the correspondent:
Tartly on account of the parsimoni
ous appropriations made by the last
t..i.tnrA ana riurtlv hpcause of th
Increased price of supplies produced by
the action of the trusts, these Is bound
u a rteflrlenev of several thousand
dollars in the revenues- of both the
ejrand Island and the Miirora nomes.
This Is further aggravated by the sur
prising Increase of inmates, particular
ly at the Grand Island institution.
There are now cared for at Grand Isl
and 376 old soldiers, w hile thirty more
nn fiirloiieh. This Is seventy-
si X more Inmates that were ever at the
home before, the Increased attendance
this last year being almost 100 per cent
nhn that-at anv single previ
ous year. The funds have been moRt
economically handled, yet already the
fuel and lights and drugs and medicines
fond are practically exhausted, while
the 'paints and repairs" fund was wiped
vt some time ago. Much the same con
dition prevails st Mliford. Aa a result
the next legislature will be confronted
Wlta deficiency claims ior several inuu
mAm n Anllara from each institution.'
Mr. Smith thought the Increased
i mmmKaw nf InmaiMi was not a nartiru
sajly effective testimonial for the much
yaaated republican prosperity.
IT W MAJOR STRAIGHT.
Lincoln. Neb. Specla!. The votes
tmt major of he Heseond regiment. Ne
braska national guard, was canvassed
la the Office of Adjutant General Kar
ry. resulting In the election of Captain
ft. J. Straight, company F. of Lincoln
wy the narrow margin of sixteen voles
t fifteen votes for Captain K. ft.
Phelps, company K. of Hchuyler, and
fr votes for captain t. r. alegar
., Utr. company H. of Aurora.
Ihe contest was not decided tint!!
'D rst vote was cast, standing at ,15
, 1 jratgllt. IS for Phelps and , 4 for
Vi election ia to fill the vsran-y
f 4 fcy the recent election of Msjo:
u . i i. Hsyward as colonel of the reg
.av l. ;..-
CREELMAIi Oil TRUSTS
HAS THE YOUNG MAN A CHANCE
TO SUCCEED?
Hop and Ambition Taken Away
From the Young- Man of Today
By the Trusts.
(Jas. Creelmaa in N. Y. Journal.)
: It is not (he cheapening of man
; facture that strikes at the vitals of
; the nation it is the taking away
: of hope from the young .man of
: the country, it is the creation of
: a power greater than the govern
: ment blind, rapacious, relentless.
Wherever I go I hear the despairing
cry of the once independent man w ho is
being thrust out of business by the
relentless trust system. He must sell
out and become a clerk or he will be
crushed.
This. is scientific, but is it compatible
with republican Institutions? How long
can a democratic republic last after
the right or the opportunity to com
pete for wealth or power has been ef
fectuaJiy destroyed, w lien a young man
can no longer expect to establish an
independent business for himself?
' What Is to become of the young men
of America If the trust system i to
go unrestrained? Are they all to be
come hired men, all except those who
control the vast combinations of cr
porate wealth which daily increase in
power?
When this government was formed a
system of independent statehood was
instituted for the purpose of prevent
ing too much concentration of power in
the hands of a few officials. Hut the
concentration which the founders of
the republic dreaded has come in an
other way. It must be plain to every
man who takes the trouble to think
for himself that the trust system lias
already partly destroyed indti-trial and
commercial liberty in the I'nitcd States
and that its vast enginery Is rapidly
crushing out the principal of individual
proprietorship. When a combination nt
corporations, working steadily toward
the accomplishment of absolute monop
oly (representing a capitalized value of
two billions of dollars) stands stoutly
to the support of one political party
and furnishes millions and millions of
dollars to a corruption fund for the
Intrenchment of that political party in
control of the government, wher shall
the young man who wants to set up in
business as his own master turn his ;
face?
Senator Hanna says that the trusts
are a good thins; and should be "let
alone." He has sail that again and
again In public and in private. Hut .Mr.
Hanna gets his gigantic political fund
from the trusts. He Is not an impar
tial witness. President MoKlnley !
stands by the trust. Hut Mr. McK'.nley
owes his nomination and election large
ly to the trusts. He Is bour.d to them
by ties of self-interest and gratitude.
No man can fairly expect him to turn
upon bin political creators.
Whore, then, shall the young man
turn who wants a chance in life.' The
supreme court of the I'niled States has
said. In commending the federal anti
trust l:
It is not for the real prosperity of
any country that such ..change should
Tiir which result in transforming an
important business man. the head of
his establishment, small though it may
be. into a mere servant or agent of 3
corporation for selling the commodities
which he once nf rnfaciured or d''.'i!t
Ta, raving r,o in shaping uc
business policy of the company and
bound to obey the orders issued by
others. Nor is It for the substantial
Interests of the country that any otic
commodity should be within the sole
power and subject to the sole will of
the combination of capital."
That is the language cf the supreme-
court of the Vnited States, the final
interpreter of the fundamental law i f
the nation. It is simple. H is clejr.
Shall the young man turn to the su
preme tourt? Alas: the attorney g,-n-
eral, whose business It is to set in mo
tion the orderly processes or tne taw
before the supreme court can act, also
agrees with Mr. Hanna that th tru.-u
should be "let alone." The pupreme
court has spoken, but St can only uc-t
when the attorney general drags a
criminal trust before the bar of the
court. So the anti-trust iaw lies ilcad
on the statute books, a horrible j ike.
Today it is actually in the power of
rM. J tot keMler or Mr. Armour to say
to an American citizen: "You shall not
engage in the oil refining business, or
the beef slaughtering or packing busi
ness except & my agent." This is lit
erally true. These three businesses
are closed to American citizens., Thf
steel trade, the tobacco trade, the
leather trade, the wire trad, the wool
len trade, the glass trade, the lumber
trade, the broom trade and many other
branches of industry are being dosd
to competition. No new man may etitef
save as a salaried employe.
No man can honestly and fairly ob
ject to the improvements and econo
mies In manufacture and distribution
achieved by the genius of the men who
have broOght the trust system to Hs
present system of development. H is
not the cheapening of manufacture
that strikes at the vitals of the nation
it Is the taking away of hope from
the young men of the country, it is
the creation of a power greater than the
government blind, rapacious, relent
less.
Are we to wait and wait supinely and
watch this overwhelming power roll
Itself over the face of our commeroa'
and Industrial life In the hope that
some day an American Joshua will rise
and say: "Sun, stand thou still upon
Glbeon, and thou, moon, in the valley
of Ajalon?" Better to say now, while
the people have some power left: "No
man shall take the nether or the upper
millstone to pledge; for he taketh a
man's life to pledge." That was the
law of Moses.
Go nnd talk to the thousands of com
mercial travelers those skirmishers on
the firing line of commercial and In
dustrial Independence who have been
thrown out of employment by trusts.
They wilt tell you of hundreds and
hundreds of business men who have
been forced out of business within the
last three or four years. They will tell
you how the trusts have ordered one
man after another Ui close his estab
lishment. They will give you the namch
of ambitious and thriving proprietors
who ara now clerks or agents of gi
gantic corporate combinations alt Jiope
dead, all opportunity gone. ' y
This terrible change In the conditions
f life In America has occurred within
dfteen or twenty year. What will the
conditions be when the boy born today
hi 4 man? The trusts represent- t lie
combined, disciplined power of twrft bil
lion of dollars now. What will their
wealth and power be twenty-five years
hence? Tb trusts can nominate and
elect the president of the I'nited Ftatee
and determine the laws now. What
will they be b to do when the next
generation 1 grown? Will the consti
tution of the t inted Male spared
when industrial and com inert fa 1 con
centration ha placed the lives and
fortunes of the whole people at the
mercy of two or three hundred men?
The young man has little char.ee of
rising in business in this country to
day unless he h.ippens to be gifted
with supreme genius. Kveiy month
narrows his opportunities. He is charm
e darid befooled by the glitteilng rhe
toric of tiust-pai.t orators. He r-aus
the figures that tell the story of rapid
ly increasing wealth in America, and
he is dazzled by the sight of unmatch
ed prosperity for a few. Mr. Hanna
and Mr. Mi Ki;il-y lei! liiin that all this
concentration of commercial and Indus
trial power is si .-Semitic, logical, the ir
resistible evolution of modern civiliza
tion; that to interfere with it would be
like interfering with the tides of the
ocean or the progress of the seasons.
And the young man hears this blas
phemy against Cod and humanity, this
mocking of institutions and conditions
to establish which men have wet the.
earth with their blood and t.-ars for a
thousand years, and he believes Mr.
Hanna or dies he?
Ixxjk back aiong the path of the dead
centuries and see how- it is rr.aiked
with the graves of the great men who
have toiled and suffered and died for
the sake of th right to compete. The
trac kis strewn with the ashes of em
pires and peoples who finally foigot to
keep open the door of oppot tunity for
their young men.
In twenty years we have witnessed
the growth of the trust sysu-rn to a
point where the president of the I'nit
ed Slates dares not to oppose its bid
ding. Can we find a president who has man.
hood and intelligence and prophecy
enough in hint to use the whole power
of th government to check the blind
brutality of this strangling pioc-ss? 1
so, can he be elect;."!?
A NOVELTY IN TRUSTS.
Leading Colleges Are Latest Con
verts to the Trust System.
("licago. 111. (.Special.) U-preventatives
of the leading Amerhan universi
ties effected a permanent organization
today at the Fine Arts bulliiiiig. Tills
is the first attempt to bring into closer
relations with each other the various
American universities. President Har
per of the t'niversity cf ('IJcago said
that this was the twl impovtunt
movement that had taken place in
higher education in this country fur the
last fifty years.
The newt organization is to be (ailed
"The Association of American 1'invi-r-s.ltis."
It Is for the purpose of consid
ering matters of common interest, re
lating to gradual;- xtudy. The initial
membership consists of:
University of California, Catholic
I'niversity of America, diversity of
Chicago, Clark university, Columbia,
university, Harvimi university, Johns
Hopkins university, I'niversity of
Michigan, I'rlnccton university, I'niver
sity of Pennsylvania, I.cland Stanford
university, I'niversity of Wisconsin and
Yale university.
This exe tulve committee wi;s elect
ed: PleMdent. Charles W. Kilol of
Harvard; vice president, llenjamin Me
Wheeler of the I'niversliy of California;
set r-!ary. William lutiney Hat per of
the I'niversity of Chicago; Ptr-td.-nt li.
(.'. Oilman of Johns Hopkins, I'rcsiJ-nt
Seth Low of Columbia.
No less than t-n Institutions have al
ready agreed to arrange tli!r work
in accordatue with this action.
FILIPIHOS STILL HOLD OUT.
Story cf Their Pacification is Only
a Dream. ,
Mor.g Kong, Feb. Special, )-
According to authentic advice received
here the American ofllcers In the geld
unite in saying that the p;icifit ation cf
the insurgents in the rhilipf.iriea will
be impossible before the rainy season
jets In. The officers fix lUe lime for
the ending of the insurrection at from
two to six years. l!"port of American
casualties and of prisoners taken by the
insurgents In their r-ttai Ks upon Amer
ican patrols and provision trains are
said to be suppressed by Oeneral Otis
as far as i;ssiile. Aguinaldo's wife is
kept under close guard us a prisoner
in Manila, but all the captured insur
gent officers have been liberated.
Mgr. Chapelle and tleneral Otis dis
agree radically over the course to be
pursued with the Spanfih frlais. Chap
elle has ordered them to remain her?
and is definitely comrniled to the policy
of their ultimate return to their par
ishes. To this plan General Otis Is
strongly opposed and so the matter
stands at a deadlock landing a deci
sion from Washington. Oeneral Itose re
fused to allow the Manila papers to an
nounce the coming of Civil Commis
sioner lh-v.hy. The condition of tleri
eral fills' health is such that his doc
tors think he must soon bteak down.
Pasteboard Roofing In Japan.
The Japanese Times states that the
Tokyo Card and Pasteboard company,
the largest in its line in Japan, Is now
making a thick tarred pasteboard nt a
substitute for shingles in roofing. The
paper shingles are In active demand,
being about ."( per cent cheaper and
more easily managed thun the wooden
article. The Indian Textile Journal,
commenting on the above, says that it
Is doubtful if Julian Is as well off for
vegetable fibrous material as India,
but Japan Is enormously in advance of
India In the knowledge of paper making
and In utilizing Its natural resources.
What is required for the production of
cardboard is a supply ot coarse fibre
and a cement to hold it together. India
lacks neither of these, although they
have not yet received sufficient atten
tion. Waste sugar cane produces a
fibre eminently- suited for cardboard
making, and the contained sugar Is an
ingredient that could be fixed chemical
ly as a cement. The milk of the cactus,
so common along railway fences, con
tains a gum that has been used for
closing letters. An antiseptic would be
required to arrest fermentation In many
fibres, but the substances used in slsse
preparation are well known and easily
proc urable In India. The uses of a
strong and well made cardboard as so
numerous as to offer a strong Induce
ment to the manufacturer. They In
clude boxes, panels, partitions, roflng,
ceilings, bookboards. and advertisement
cards of all s zes. The tarred cardboard
would not suit on a roof in India on
serount of Its disposition to heat In
the su nand soften. It would also re
quire to be prepared with pitch of a
very high melting point to stand even
tho shade temperature. A paper roof
would be far superior to sheet Iron as a
protection against the un, and paper
panels with an embossed device on
them would offer a very neat, light and
substantial filling as pnn'-ls for screens.
London Globe.
"CAUSE AND EFFECT."
I:
V P Y
nfVI fhRaS"'
' V'l
! Tr-A
f MB it 1 mm
ney or t nn ago, an;j one w
shr-ndi-hi men of his race. H- is a gold standard man, and had come for
the purpose of confusing the little professor by putting what he regain
ed as iuefil..ns thai would accomplish his puns,s.-. He knew otheis haa
failed, but there are always men who thick they can succeed where ot ti
ers do nut."
.Mr. Z-isIer. with a paper In his hand, evidently containing mtr.io
ramla of his questions, risked:
if it be true that products are cheaper than they were In I,-. Is It
not also true that moro v u cheaper now than it was then and that it can
be burrowed for a less rate of interest than ever b. foie? Is it not true
that the banks are full of money, und that there Is as much money as
there ever was?"
"I will answer you," replied Coin, "by n-latiiiiE a story. A man o:ie
had nil of his crops' destroyed by a drouth: It had not rained for several
months, and he was standing by the roadside lamenting hi loss to a
Htram;cr. wh-n the stranger r-plled to the farm-r that he was wrong,
saving that "there is as much water n the earth as there ever was.' liut,
replied the fanner, 'it Is not wh-re -t ought to Ik-.' " This retort of the
little fellow was followed by applause and g-neial laughter.
'There may be," the llttie tes- h'er continued, "as much money, per
capita, as there ever :?, and It is osslble to have a normal supply of
money and yet have it divert -d from the channels of trade till all busi
ness suffers for the want of it. Suppose a reliable stream cf wtter along
which manufactories have been erec ted thai have for years r.-iied on this
water for power, as do the paper mills 'f Kox I'.lver. and suppos? a class
of men by law get the privilege of d tiling In water, by which they pump
the y ater our of that river, storing it in reservoirs, and charging the
mill owners for the use of the water, the principal ami interest to te re
turned In water from the tt-am it the rcseivoir through pumps. It is
!
' s ' 0
THE FARMER AND THE STRANGER, .
!
only a question of Hir.c when. undr such an arrangerr,ent,lhe water d'-at-ers
would pump the str-mri ury. or ijiei-.- would be only such water In it
as could be purchased from the water dealers by piucing bonds arid mort
gages upon the factories. The fa torp a rmiM not run without the water
ami would be at the mercy of the water dealers If ih- law alli -vd wa
ter to be thus dealt In. The water wpi 1. In existence, but It will not l
turning the wheels of the factories. We have our money dealers, the
banks are their pumps, and their st.el vaults are their reservoirs. The
stream of money in tne channels of trade may thus, at times, l v. :y
smalt and more bonds Issued and n.orlwageg put on factories to replen
ish it.
"Answering the other part uf your question." i-nminued the little
statesman, "II is true that money loaned now ot a less rate cf Interest
than before. The reason lor this is that the Interest a ltd discount sys
tem' has been bringing to the motley lender an ever Increasing quantity of
money, and the competition between th-rn to loan it Is irn iea-iriK accord
ingly, thus bringing down the rate of interest. First having crlppl.-d or
destroyed business, and received under mortsagt d silks the homes of
the people, there comes a time when theie is naturally less demand for
borrowed money, and th'-n the mon -y loan.-rs compete more ft.-nely for
the loans that are to be made. The first effect Is to tiling down the rate
of Interest and the second effect is o cause a consolidation of the bunks.
EX-BANK CLERKS STUDYING FINANCIAL QUESTION.
In s country town where there are now two banks. In time the owners
will come together and say. "On account of the low rate of Interest we
must reduce expense to maintain our usual profits, and we must act to
gether to hold up the rate;' and then the two banks will consolidate for
that purpose, letting one cashier and set of clerks go. The latter, he
discharged cashier and clerks, can then have leisure to go out n the
country and sit down on the grass anand study the ni.anclal question
"Having drank up the bloo.l of civilisation." continued the little
teacher, "thereby paralyzing Industry, the banks and mortgage compa
nies will consolidate In all the cities and towns. 1 h-y will own the fac
tories and former homes of the people, arid signs for rent will multiply.
They will contend aaalnst the decline of their business by encouraging
new loans wherever they can-to the government to municipalities; they
will compete with the pawnbrokers, as they are doing here in h tag.,,
in search for new avenues for loaning money. They wit try to break
he present debt constitutional limit the states have placed on towns end
cities in order to loan to them more money than they are now a I owe,
to borrow They will encourage wars for conquest and raid the ruttlona -
reasury for gold In order to loprt the government more mon.-y. And
when big loans thus made put suddenly mor money In circulation and
temporarily better times, they will point to heletr times In an effort to
l'rn.!rjuV,Vj,r have' a low rate of Interest." V continu-d. "docs not mean
cheap money. The price of money Is gove-.ned by what It takes to buy
I if the people s property buys little money then money Is dear and
not cheap. You should not contuse
buying power. You can have a low
The world has known tut few
men gifted with the wonderful
power of making apparently com
plicated propositions perfectly
plain and clear by common, ev-ery-day
illustrations and simple
language, equal to that possessed
Vy W. 11. Harvey, the author cf
"Coin's Financial School' and
"Coin on Money, Trusts and Im-tM-riutlsin
- nublished by the Coin
Publishin? Co., Chicago, and far
sale by nearly every reform coun-
try newspaper and agents every
where.
What follows are leaves tSC 9.
H and i7 and Illustrations taken
from llr. Harvey's bran new and
greatest work. "(-in on Money.
Trusts and Imperialism." and is
but a fair sample of Ihe power
and directness cf coin's lectures.
The scene Is taken from Coin's
fourth leiture. "In the audience
wu a Mr. Adam Z-isler. an attor-
- . .. . . ..." K
ine '"'"" "'' T "I' '
rate of Interest and dear money.
BOER FARMERS
IN TRANSVAAL.
A traveler who iently it turned from
South Africa, in describing f. roe i f th
:haracteritic of the l ers aud their
borne life, said: "I m surprise! at
:he ignorancs displayed regarding th - a
people. Many of the descriptions of
their life and ihnract'-r which 1 hive
een since my return are titrwncly Ab
surd. The Poet when properly ap
proached and treated are fully as cour
teous and obliging as the avuage ie
England farmers. Their Irequiisitlve
ness, which has been particularly
Jwelt uicn, while no doubt annoying
to a foreigner, is due more to tl.iir
Isolated life, in most cases, than to any
inborn rudeness.
The men are, as a rule, magnificent
specimens of physical manhood. 1 tvs
known families where the father and
from six to eight sons would all exc-red
six feet two Inches in height and vry
in weight from 1M to 20 js,urids. While
they are often what we would term
clumsy, in many respects, thi-y are Al
most Impervious to fatigue and ths
blazing sun and chilling nights of the
Southern Ainca appear to make but
little Impression Uon them. They are
not easily am-nable to the rigidness
of military life and for that rea n
make 'poor soldiers' from a liuropeati
Btandpoint. Put they are, without ex
ception, taken as a body, the best rill
shots 1 have ever met In my travels:
something the English army Is learning
:o its sorrow.
"A traveler approaching the heme cf
a fairly well-to-do farmer will nt or,c9
be impressed with the utipretentious
ness of the surroundings- Csually two
or three thatch,l houses for the mas
ter and his luiirrlod sons or daughters
and a few reed huts for the servants
mostly Hottentots together with the
barns and outhouses comprise all Un
building, In fight. Ills arrival will be
heralded by the yelping- of a pack of
dogs of ad kinds and degrees and
seemingly without end. During the day
they conline their attention to clamor,
but to approach th house at night
would be an entirely different mallet,
as the animals are both large and pow
erful and have little or no scruples
about attacking a granger when not
awed by the present e of one of th-
household. Csually their prodigious
barking t-erves as an announcement,
and some one, possibly a son, will has.
ten to greet the stranger. A few klr i:s
heartily bestowed causes the howling
pack t olo.ee ail interest in the new ar
rival. A mutual introduction and per
haps a few questions will be followed
by the courteous query: "Will mynheer
olt-zadil?" (Will the gentkmaii unsad
dle?") "The advent of a stranger causes the
entire family to assemble, and while
the greeting may be gruff, yet It his
the ting of genuine heartiness In it, and
soon puts Uk; traveler at ease. The htt
will provide a bottle of 'bnimllwyn,'
v. hb h Is distilled from the peache
grown on the farm. The spirit, which
is colorless and not unlike cheap whl
l.y in taste, Is the favorite drink of the
peers. If the guest is not inclined to
diink rsplrits he is titg-d to fake a cup
cf "t-?a water" l;i pluie of the "brandl
w yn.' This 'tea water' is it iI-ccm lion
r:.tlicr than, nn infusion of the Chine e
i",tf. ix-lr.g diluted with Isillmg water
without the addition of n,llk or sugar.
A small Ikiv. i or box of sugar candy
is sometimes passed with the "tea
water,' f-o,n whirh each i-crson takes
a little bite to keep In his or her mouth
nnd thus sweeteiri In a ftugni maimer
the bitter beverage us It is swallowed.
"During this refreshment the visiter
will be piled with questions regarding
his age. occupation, trie object and ex
tent of his present Journey, the num
ber and names of his family und par
ticularly about the MHtifi. contlitlor.s
of the outside world and Its bearing
oil their republic, 'something the Hoe is
never lose slitht of. While lie Is busy
answering tf.'-w- qti'Siloris he will no
lo? that the men wear loose trouseis
of she p or goal skin, probably home.
made, a check shirt of coarser frieze , r
cotton, according to the severity of the
weather. These, with a broad-brim hat.
complete tln-ir costume. Kliocs and
stockings aie teldoni wonv-xcept when
they fro to chinch or to VrolyklielJ
(mi -rrymukingst. During the colder
season sandals of coarse comity made
i.re sometimes worn. Th-y fire made
from raw bullock's hide with an tipper
of dressed sheer or goat's1 skin. Tt-.es
are not very substantial, but as ever?
nuin can make his own sandals arid th"
leather costs llttl or nothing, they hold
their own against the more modem
shoe store especially as economy is
one of the chief cluiracti-rlstli-s of the
P.oera.
"To a foreigner the hous will hardly
appear as the embodiment of comfort.
In size and th-.ipe It resemble a sub-
antlal barn. The walls are thick and
bui;t of adhesive clay, which, when well
picpared In the manner of mortar, soon
acquires. In the dry climate, the Imrd-
ness ar.d consistency of btlck. These
walls are about eight or nine feet hiv.h
and fait ly smooth and straight, and sr
piast-reo witn a combination of sand
and then whitewashed with a. rort cf
a hlle ciny. 'this gives the house nnd
exceedingly cool and pleasant appear,
aiice upon entering it on a hot day. Th
roof is thatched with a series of rush
and fro mthe rafters are suspended .1
numerous assortment of supplies nnd
farm Implements, tine, nrn'riinif direct.
ly Into the air. Is called the voor hut
inn correspond to ,ur sitting room.
Here the family sit, eat and receive
visitors. A room at eltlx-r end of the
hall Is formed by walls of the same
height and construction un the outer
walls and Is culled sloap kammer. or
private room. The latter are used for
sleeping purposes mostly. The floor,
which Is made of clay, from nnt-ltcaps
pounded Into dust and watered ami
then well stamped. Is hard and smooth.
Each morning It is carefully washed to
kcwp It clean and free from vermin.
The house possesses eight windows,
without glans. At night they are closed
by stretching skin across them. Kour
fere In the front of the house, one in
each bed room , and two In the vonr
ks miner. The one door consist merely
of some reed rudely fastened on a
wicker framo nnd is only closed at
night. '
"Uttle furniture Is found In the aver,
acg lloer house. Perhaps a dozen stonli
snd ehulrs, roughly made and with hot
torus of thiings ore scattered through
put the three rooms of the house. Two
table, one large and of rough plunk
und the other smaller nnd with some
attempt at finishing will be found in
the vemr-huls. The hater holds the
brass tea urn and olher apparatus used
In making the 'tea water.' lJtnllt
used In the housework are hung on an.
temps norns nxetet in lh walls, as, for
nstance, Ihe pnll of spring water w th
, j J f.aUb((h iwm fount!
ti.a door.