J
IOCTOR.
hBot the night that mt father tent
lor me to tell me of his displeasure
at the course I had taken, we of
course had a violent quarrel, and I
went from his presence, ordered from
the home of my childhood, and the
prtlnr words, which rung in nay
art ever afterwards, were '1 wisn
to never look upon your face again,
M long aa I may live.'
"I little realized that It Indeed was
to be the last time I would ever see
mj father alive; for Doctor, the next
morning the news apread far and
wide, over the community that Bank
er O ray son had been found dead in
kit library, murdered. To my
aorror, as I was hastening over from
the adjoining village, where I had
Cone the night before, after leaving
one, and where my wife was, I was
arrested on the charge of having
com mi ted the crime. It was gener
ally known that my father had been
very bitter towards me and the prin
cipal witness against me was our
coachman, who swore that be saw
me come out of the librar , In as
excited state, and a few minutes
later, wanting to get some instruc
tion about the carriage horses, he bad
ventured to knock at his master's
toor. Receiving no answer, he looked
la, and found my father lying on
the floor in a pool of his own blood,
tabbed to the heart. The rest of the
family were away and only the ser
vants were around the house. He
gave the alarm and on the arrival of
the officers tliry, after careful inves
tigation, decided that suspicion at
leant warranted my arrest partly
from evidence of the coachman, the
finding of my handkerchief and my
being the lust person seen to leave
the room.
"Then there was a trial and every
thing appeared to . be slowly and
surely winding me In the meshes
J pointing to a most cruel murder, and
t seemed that I had no way to prove
toy innocence, when Providence
provided a way. When the trial was
about halt over, one of our maids at
the house reported to my aliorney
the finding of a ktrange looking hat
r cap in the water-spout which carae
down just beside the library window.
Inside the lining was secreted a
bloody handkerchief, serving as a
wrapping to nn ugly looking dirk,
also blood-stained. Horrible instru
ment of the ghastly crime The hand
kerchief was a colored one. The
girl stated that she noticed the spout
apparently was clogged with some
thing preventing the water running
freely, and taking n stick she bronchi
these articles forth to view. They
were of course not mine, and pro
cured a stay in the proceedings. An
other witness in my favor was in a
farmer hoy having apparently re
covered his memory and staling that
be had met me going to FJmwood at
the hour, that the coachman had tes
tified the murder must have been
committed and the summing up is
that I was finally acquitted for the
evidence was not strong enough to
convict. Hut F was nwnre that many
f my old friends believed I was a
guilty man, from the cold glances
and chilly manner in which I was
treated. So I determined that I
would go away to new scenes and
never return until my name was
cleared from the stigma. I forgot to
add. that my father's will was found
n the cabinet desk, hut the codicil,
which would have disinherited me.
was not signed and of course I stood
the legal heir to the bulk of my
father's possessions aside of my
flster's share and little bequests to
different relatives. But 1 have never
touched a dollar, and the estate is be.
lag looked after by the family law
yer who is a good friend of mine.
"That Is briefly the story of my
life." Mr. Grayson added, "If my
fsther's murderer is ever found I may
return to my own, but I have been a
Wanderer for years and 1 have not
keard from the old home for at least
twelve years."
During this long conversation the
Doctor was an interested listener.
Adets had been in with her mother,
and she came to the door, now, with
ker face glowing with delight, and
aid.
"Oh! Papa! Mama Is awake, and
she is asking for you. and she seems
so much belter and brighter."
Both of the men entered the sick
room and the Doctor found Mrs.
Grayson entirely free from fever, but
At! Said Mr. Orsyton.
till very wesk. 8be looked up and f
fslnt smile came over her face, and
be murmured faintly, "Is rcmercl
rous. Monsieur le Docteur."
"Ah!" said Mr. Grayson, "she is
lapsing Into ber native tongue; ahe
Is happy to be better."
Dr. Hastings would not let her talk,
however, and watched her faithfully,
all day, and by evening he pro
nounced her out of danger. He re
mained that night and in the morn
ing after leaving necessary medicine
and Inatructions for care he mounted
bis horse and wended his way down
the mountain.
Bat tkc two day bo spent there
ware never to W forgotten tn his
whole life-time, snd from henceforth
he felt as though his destiny wss
some how connected with the hopes
snd struggles of Leonard Grayson
and his family.
Mr. Grayson had sent by the
Doctor for a nurse from Kingston
and promised that as soon as his
wife was able to oe moved he would
take her down the mountain to a
lower altitude.
The Doctor of course continued his
visits from time to time until she wa
up and around, and the last trip hi
made to Silver Gulch he realized he
would not go again, for on the mor
row they were to leave the little cabin
and go by easy stages to Lake Valley,
via Ail)aburough, and thence by traiu
to Las Vegas for the winter. At least
Mrs. Grayson and Adeia would re
main there. The young girl was
flitting around like a bird, bidding
good-bye, to the dear old rocks and
gazing at the mountains, as if they
were dear old friends to be taken
leave of.
The Doctor, even followed her, with
his eyes, in which only admiration
shone forth. The mother, noting it.
said to him softly "Ma belle tide,
for she is beautiful, but only only a
child you know." And this contained
a warning, which he could not but
heed. But the future looked very
bright to this young man. as he in
wardly made a vow to himself to
some day claim little Adela for his
own hearthstone. But he respected
the fond mother's warning that she
was too young for love.
The Doctor was himself going East
in September and promised himself to
have one more visit. So. after a few
days, the little home was dismantled,
and the miners regretted that they
could no more hear of the two lovely
women who made Silver Gulcb a
paradise to their eyes. Accustomed,
as they were, to only rude tents or
huts.
In the fall, Dr Hastings made his
visit at Las Vegas and found Mrs.
Grayson much improved in health.
They were contemplating sending
Adela away to school Mr. Gray
son was making short trips back and
forth to Kingston, in the int rests of
his mining prospects which were be
ginning to look up in importance.
The Doctor reluctnantly bade them
good-bve, and soon was speeding
eastward over the Santa Fe road to
hia home, and future work.
CHAPTEK III.
THE DOCTOR AT HOME.
Three years, have passed uy, and
brought their winter seasons, with
winter delights, of sleighing, etc., the
spring and summer with charm of
mountain rambles, and visits to the
tea-shore, and now beautiful autumn
had begun to paint nature with its
most glowing tints.
It had been a beautiful day, and as
Dr. Hastings went up the steps of his
residence and let himself in with his
latch-key he was wishing that the
demands for his services to suffering
humanity were not so incessant, that
he might got out in the country for a
few days to enjoy the beauties of
of nature.
But he was a very busy man. as he
had a large practice, and his patients
were among the most influential peo
ple in the city of Boston, although
be never refused to po to the homes
of the poor when called upon. As the
door' closed a pleasant voice from up
the stair greeted him.
"Is it you, Paul? I will be with
you directly."
He went into his library where a
cheerful fire was glowing in the
grate, for the evenings we're getting
chilly, and sat down In nn easy chair
The surroundings and furnishing
of the room denoted taste and refine
ment, and also that a well filled purst
had been called into requisition. The
Doctor, as he sat there, was a fine,
handsome-looking man. He had a
thoughtful exprenlon, and his mind
seemed indeed to be far away, for he
did not notice the opening of the
door, which gave admittance to two
young ladies, one of whom was tip
toeing gently up behind him anu who
now placed 'her hands over his eyes,
nd laughingly cried out,
"A penny for your thoughts.
Brother Paul! Wake up from your
dreaming, for here is an old friend "
As he started up from his chair
and turned around to grasp the fair
Intruder and hold her prisjner he
confronted a tall fair haired girl, who
smilingly extended her hand in greet
ing. "Why. Lucille Denton! where did
you bail from." he exclaimed "Did
the winda of Heaven waft you on
their breezes from the sunny shores
of the Seine to the dear old Hub?
And how is Art for whose sake you
left home, and country, and sped
across the deep Art well?"
"Oh, brother, what nonsense, she
crossed over in a Cunarder of course.
City of Home. She came from New
York directly here where she is go
ing to open a studio. I am so glad
to see her."
"ho am T, sister dear, Pray, be
seated, Miss Denton I am delighted
to be able to have the honor of enter
taining an artist."
And so they kept np their merry
rhstter until summoned to dinner.
He TVent Into His Librsry.
The Doctor greeted bis widowed
sunt, Mrs. Hull, affectionately aa they
entered the dining room. She looked
after his household ably assisted by
competent servants. This season his
ister Maude was spending several
nonths with them, having entered the
conservatory to take a thorough
-ourse in music. So that, although a
"ingle man, he had the pleasures and
comforts of a home. The dining
hour passed pleasantly after which
'hey adjourned to the parlor, the
'Victor seatinsr himself bv Lucille and
plying her with questions about her
sojourn abroad, for she had been
away nearly three years.
"Lucille," said Maude, "tell him of
that beautiful girl, who was studying
art in the same academy."
"Oh, it is nothing remarkable, no
romance or tale of gay cavelier con
nected, only she had an interesting
face and some raved over her. Oft
times the master had to reprimand us
for inattention to duties All on her
account. Her name, I believe was
Gleason, or something, like that, and
she was a French girl. I should
judge, her family, must have had
wealth for a coachman, always
came for her after studio hours and
driving a handsome span. He was In
livery also But she really was a
beautiful girl, and with it all so mod
est, and retiring, seeming perfectly
innocent and unconscious, of the at
tention she attracted."
The evening pnsseu pleasantly, for
Lucille was a bright girl a id talked
entertainingly of her traels and
life on the continent.
The Doctor, upon retiring to his
mora, sat down and indulged in a
bachelor's reverie. His thougnts were
of the friend, who had just returned
to them fresh with ardor, for her be
loved art, and he could not deny to
himself that he found her very inter
esting. She had been a life-long
friend of the family, and a school
mate of his sister Maude.
As wreaths of smoke curled around
him, ffor he indulged in the weak
ness, for the Indian weed), and his
fancies formed air-castles, suddenly,
a face, floated before his vision, and
as he looked he felt a thrill as of
elrctricity and the feeling came upon
him that this was his fate and noth
ing could change it. It was Adda's
face which seemed to almost speak
to him from the smoky vapor. He
had not thought of her, for quite a
long time, being so occupied with his
profession, hut now his mind lived
over again the recollections of , ,s
child-love, and his first-love, and he
felt that they would meet again.
The fair head of Lucille would not
have rested so contentedly on her
pillow in the guest chamber if she
had known of the vigil the young
Doctor was keeping, with fond re
membrances, of another face. en
shrined with dark bair and eyes.
( I'o be cmiluiuttu.)
The Whist Table.
Formerly when In whist long-suit
opening were the Invariable rule all
the play of the second hand was
based upon the theory that the orig
inal lead of any high card showed
certain other high cards In the lead
er's hand and that any small card led
was certainly a fourth, best, showing
that a certain number of higher cards
were out against the leader. Mat
thews, in his "Advice to the Young
Whist Player," devotes more of his
maxims to second-hand play than to
any other subject, and his remarks,
although made 100 years ago, are well
worthy of our consideration today,
and show that his Ideas agreed very
closely with the best modern practice.
The principal points he gives are the
following:
With only three cards In the suit
led, put on honor on an honor, but
pass If you hold four of the suit, ex
cept that ace should be put on the
jack. It will be observed that he does
not mention the exceptional cases in
which the four cards contain an Im
perfect fourchette, the Importance of
which will be seen from many hands.
With king and one small, good play
ers sometimes put It on second-hand,
and sometimes not If it ts a trump
It should genera'ly be played, and al
ways If It Is turned up. The queen
or Jack should never be played from
queen and one small or Jack and one
small except In trumps, when a
superior card has been turned up on
the right
With ace queen and others play
the small card unless the Jack Is led
through you, In which case play the
ace Invariably. With queen, king and
others, play the queen when a small
card Is led. With queen, Jack and
one small play the Jack, but with two
small cards play the smaller. With
ace, queen, ten, matthews recom
mends the ten, and says nothing about
the general weakness, which suggests
to the modern player that It would be
safer to go In with queen.
With ace, king and two others of a
suit led Metthews says there are two
ways to play If you are strong In
trumps. Either pass the first trick al
together, or put on the ace and play
the suit on In hopes of forcing your
pnrtner. If you are weak In trumps,
put on the ace, but do not continue
the suit. Almost all the old masters
will be found to recommend this sys
tem of false-carding the ace, when
holding both ace and king second
hand, but none of them call attention
to the obvious Inference that when sec
ond hand plays the king he cannot hold
the ace, or he would false-card It, and
that when he plays the ace he must
have the king or no more.
Story With a Moral,
tnhn ran awav from school man
afternoons and learned nothing except
how to swim, but William studied his
lessons assiduously and learned much
learning.
Everybody declared that William
wniiifi hennme a. firrat and good man:
as to John they shook their heads.
Tears passed.
Vr,w thnir Vi,ilnvd rnnntrv was
threatened with expansion! William
rose to the occasion and wrote pam-
nhlala rtittl hart frt tA TtClA from
the mails. And John? All John, with
his deficient education, could do, was
enlist In, the army, and swim rivers
with his sword In his teeth, which only
made matters worsel
Tf hnvi wnntri nlnA not neclert the
opportunities of their youth, how nice
It would be! Detroit Journal.
The Buddhists In Ceylon are now
energetically preaching that the end
of the world will come this year, with
tho result that the faithful see that It
would be mere waste of time to grow
rice or In any way provide for the
wants of next year, and are Instead
giving their minds seriously to a pil
grimage to Anuradhapura.
AGRICULTURAL NOTES.
FARM FURROWS.
By a Practical Farmer.
In the winter time, when fodder,
itraw and hay are being hauled almost
very day or two, It Is a good plan to
have one of the wagor.s fitted up with
i rack that is never to be lifted off,
but Is kept for that kind of hauling all
the time. I know farmers who hav
but one wagon, and it Is a continual lif
of boxes and racks. Lifting is all
right If it has to, be done, but there Is
. way out of some of it Why not find
that way?
Getting gates In repair ready for win
ter, when stock will be trying on them,
means that they should be given more
trength and If It can be done with
lttle expense they should be made so as
to open readily If snowdrifts come.
Good gates and fences will be needed
now as well as In summer.
I read In a paper that the annual av
erage butter crop of the United States
Is only 130 pounds to the cow. This
does not speak well for them, and It
is very plain that a J 30 cow will not
bring In aa much profit as a 30-cent
hen, and yet there are more people try
ing to "freeze out" the hen and "freeze
on" to the cow. Keep the hen and
get a better cow.
I read in the papers that there is a
good foreign demand for hay and It Is
beginning to be felt all oer the country.
Balers are around buying stacks and
surplus hay to be baled and sent
where there Is the best demand for It.
The good demand for hay does not af
fect the man who never sells any hay,
but who Instead keeps what he has left
over from year to year and feeds It It
helps the man who sells hay, and will
cause a great deal to be sold that other
wise would be fed.
Sam says one of his friends came
west with everything he had In the
world tied up In a red handkerchief,
and now all he has Is tied down with
mortgages.
When you start to give your neigh
bor a piece of your mind, be sure not
to give him all of it, for you may need
a piece of It yourself.
I have observed that this is a time
when no merchant who can't have an
annual closing out sale every two
weeks can ever hope to succeed. Bar
gains, bargains, bargains are promised
and goods soli low, rsgardless of cost,
yet at the end of the year they will
tell how prosperous their business ha
been and how they have made money.
This Is peculiar.
For hanging out clothes In the winter
time two pulleys, one attached to the
house in the beck porch, and the other
to some outbuilding a convenient dis
tance away, or to a post. Have a
' lothcs line passing around both pul
leys. Stand in the porch and attach
the clothesWto the lower line, and run
it not, continuing until all the clothes
are hung out and you have done the
business without stepping off the porch.
Jt does not matter how high these lines
are from the ground, for the clothes
are taken In by reversing the operation.
The man who tried to manufacture
ergs as good as the genuine article fail
ed, and has turned his efforts toward
the artificial oyster. It Is said the ar
tificial oyster Is being sold in Paris,
where the real bivalve Is very expen
sive. The only genuine thing about
the manufactured oyster is the shell,
which Is purchased second hand by the
maker at a small cost lhe deception
Is said to be a good one and many con
not distinguish them from the real ar
ticle. The secret of their manufacture
has not yet been disclosed, but the In
gredients of which they are made are
said to be harmless.
Rural free mall delivery has proved
so popular where it has been tried, and
Is so satisfactory to the department
that it Is to be largely and rapidly ex
tended. Wheat straw alone has not been con
sidered the best food In the world for
stock, but It comes very handy on a
gTeat many farms where wheat Is
grown. I asked a friend the other day
who had spent some time In an agri
cultural college, about the nutriment in
straw, and he Informed me that It con
tained about 2 per cent of sugar.starch,
stc, 3 per cent of mineral matter, near
ly 4 per cent of albuminoids, and be
tween 2 and 3 per cent of fat. I have
jbserved that cows eat from a stack
5f wheat straw when they had plenty
of other food. Horses will do well on
It, but the beards may give some trou
Dle If the wheat was of the bearded
variety.
Profit Is what the farmer Is working
fcr, s.r.4 no one should be satisfied with
simply "getting his money back." al
though he Is compelled to be, occasion
ally, when conditions are such that he
cannot well help It. Reduce the cost of
a crop by cutting down expenses. Ev
ery crop grown should return a clear
profit over every expense connected
with Its production.
There are still living a great many
men who plant their potatoes In the
dark of the moon and other crops which
grow above ground In the Ilg'ht of the
moon; they mean colts, calves and
lambs when the si;n Is In the leg and
they follow these Ideas are carefully
as If'they were, scientific propositions.
I don't believe -.It Is a good plan to
have stock lie .down with insufllolent
bedding when there are straw stacks
on the place rotting down. I have In
mind an instance where stock shows
unmistakable signs of having no bed
ding, and several stacks on the farm
sre rotting because it requires a little
time and labor to haul and use the
straw. If the stock gets nothing else
than comfort out of it It will be worth
he time spent.
Recently I was passing by a farm
where a score or more of chickens were
roosting In the trees, and I remarked to
the party with me that there were no
eggs at that place In winter. A little
further on we met the owner bringing
In the cows and I aeked htm !f he ob
tained any eggs In winter. He seemed
surprised and said they never expected
eggs In winter, but got "dead loads of
'em In the summer."
Now will be the time when the far
mer takes pleasure In rearranging his
tool sheds, barns and buildings to make
them still a little more convenient.
After another year's trial these points
have been suggested to the man who
feels an Interest' In his work and Is
willing to use his head. The man who
will walk all the way around the barn
to gain entrance, becaure his grand
father built the barn that way and
walked around It, is not speaking very
highly for the Improvement In the race.
One way to grow crops at a less cost
per acre Is to grow more oer acre.
The Bureau of Animal Industry an
nounces that It has at last discovered
a practtcut remedy ior nog cnoiera, or
rather a preventive of It. I think thin
Is the 'steenth time this discovery has
been made, and, In the meantime, herds
die off and are no more forever. Hog
owners have become very much like
the people of that little village who
had been made tired by the cries of the
boy attending the village sheep, of
"The wolf Is coming! The wolf ts com
ing!" If this bureau makes the same
break regarding bog cholera that It did
when It made the recommendation that
sulphur and lime was the only surt
scab cure, the swine breeders will Ig
nore It as the sheep men did the sul
phur and lime business. There art
some queer things in this world, and 1
would as Boon think some of them are
as liable to come from the bureau as
not.
The chief thing to be observed In cur
ing pork is to have the hogs well fed
young, weighing from 200 to 250 pounds
each. When thoroughly cool the meat
is to be cut up, putting the hams, the
shoulders and the sides in saparate
barrels. Make a brine strong enough
to bear art egg or a potato, add some
brown sugar and a little saltpeter, boil,
skim and cool. The meat should nevei
freese, and if the brine Is made right
six weeks will be Just the right time
for hams of this size. In putting down
side meat, cut the meat lengthways of
the side into narrow strips, roll them
In rolls and pack the rolls in a barrel
as tight as you can. When smoked
it Is sugar cured bacon. I always lift
a piece from each barrel at five weeks,
cutting from the center of the piece.
It does not pay to get it too salty, for
the best of the meat Is lost in the par
boiling necessary to make It edible.
In an eastern paper I read of a farm
er who obtained some Turkish wheat
from the "government seed store," and
it gave him three distinct varieties, as
well as a goodly amount of rye. I
would advise all farmers who get seed
from their congressmen to see that the
chickens get a good meal of it. Home
of the worst weed pests we have In the
west have been distributed through this
department. The government had bet
ter economize Its reputation and go out
of the seed business.
The price of wheat Is Just about what
It was a year ago. There Is a shortage
of 400,000,000 bushels of wheat over a
year ago, and there are probably more
bread eaters. I can see no good reason
why prices ought to decline much
more.
I can see no good reason why a well
kept, vigorous, mature brood sow
should not produce two litters per year
No stunted hog ought to be kept over
at alL
It matters not where we learn to be
come good farmers. We may learn It
from books, from agricultural papers
or by experience and It will be scien
tific farming if along scientific lines,
let the Information come from whatevei
source it may. What we want is the
best way to do things on the farm, and
It may be necessary to know why, so
we can help our fellow man out a little
should he desire it. Farming for pleas
ure and profit means that when there ts
a profit in farming there Is pleasure. It
certainly Is not much pleasure to farm
at a' loss any great length of time.
While In conversation with an old
farmer recently I was told that he was
actively engaged In farm labor. He
was asked if he was not too old to
farm and he sid: "Oh, no; I ride to
plow, cultivate, harrow, plant, reap,
mow, rake hay and all the walking 1
do, I do a-rldlng." When I was a boy
following after a corn plow or a stir
ring plow, I often wished I could ride.
Many a time have I quit at night when
r was as tired as I cared to be, and nc
riding was done at all. Many farmers
would even walk when hauling a load
to market. This Is an age of farming
on wheels. There are a great many
good things In store for the coming
farmer. The little lad who Is now wear
ing his first knee pants will not know
how his grandfather trudged along on
the farm, but will have a life of com
parative ease. Many labor saving de
vices are Just now coming In sight.
I once heard an old swine breeder
say that a young pig would never
squeal if picked up by the tall. Some
times It may be necessary to pick up a
pig without the old sow knowing it.
and this may answer the purpose. 1
have tried it and they seldom squeal,
but I don't know how they like It.
Let me say once more that a lantern
placed under the robes when making a
trip to town will keep the whole body
warm. When the wrists and feet are
cold there is little use In trying to keep
the body warm.
Do the hogs have a warm place to
sleep now? If they squeal so as to
wake you up In the night all Is not
right. All the stock should have good
shelter.
Nothing seems to pay so well as to
have plenty of good water on the farm
and to have that so the stock can drink
at any time, day or night.
The live stock will feel the first pinch
of winter worse than later, and getting
a good start on the road to prosperity
means that they should get well started
In winter quarters.
An old, broken and well worn halter
Is a poor thing toput on a colt, for
many a colt has been taught the vice
of breaking loose Just because it had
a makeshift halter when young. Keep
them haltered with good, strong hal
ters. If the tin roof on the porch leaks,
paint It well with some good kind of
roof paint and a new one may bo staved
oft for two or three years yet. Here
Is one place where it pays to paint.
It Is possible to mend a broken rep
utation, but your neighbors will keep
their eyes on the crack.
There Is a nimble swindler In the
east who goes about the country sell
ing what Is purported to be kerosene,
and he sells It two or three cents per
gallon cheaper than the dpalers. When
lamps are filled with It It fails to burn,
being nothing but water.
The farmers of the west have not had
as much experience In preparing corn
fodder for feeding as farmers have fur
ther east. This has been so because
they did not have to study economy In
forage so closely. They don't have to
do It yet, if they don't want to, but
there Is a tendency to use more fodder
and less hay and thereby have more of
the latter to sell when the price Is good
A report comes from Argentina that
the wheat land of that country Is los
ing Its productiveness and Is not yield
ing so much wheat as It did when the
land was new. India's large area of
wheat farms Is now about two-thirds as
large as that of the United States, and
the wheat Is still threshed by being
trodden out by bullocks and buffaloes.
A writer says he can Judge a farmer
by the kind of team he drives. If he
drives a scrub team he will be a scrub
farmer. While this Is a very good gen
eral rule It does not always hold good.
Some very good farmers of my ac
quaintance work the Inferior horses and
sell the best ones. All are well bred,
but some have been hurt In a wire
fence and by kerrlng the unsalable
ones he Is sble to sell some that will
bring the top price. I like to work
good horses. Don't want any other
kind.
Reading Is a habit. It will be either
a good or a bad habit, depending on
the selection of what Is read. Good
and bad. hit and miss reading Is not
commendable. There ls.siich a thing
as rending too muoif ani not enough
too much of everything and not enough
of one thing. Rtadlng without thinking
Is like eating without digesting. Let us
read and think, and think and read.
DAIRY NOTES.
It Is estimated that the total
-onsumption In Great Britain during
be past year was 415,000 tons, of whlcM
imount about 2 5.000 tons was imports
utter. This is certainly a large market,
md one that It would be well words'
vhlle contesting for. Our own trouble
n securing it lies In the fact that Great
Jritaln wants the best butter we make,
but wants it at lower prices than our
jwn people are willing to pay for It
hen times are good.
The New Zealand dairy commissioner
says that he believes that "fishy" and
"tallowy" conditions in butter are often
due to too much washing, or to leaving
the butter in the water too long.
Dairymen who have Ice houses, and!
that ought to mean all dairymen, should
now see that they are thoroughly clean
ad out and that all the sawdust or oth
sr packing removed before It has had
an opportunity to freeze In the bouse.
The Ice house will then be ready to fill
as soon as good ice Is made, and this
is Important, for ice that Is made early
is always cleaner and better than that
which Is harvested at the tall-end of
the season.
One of the features at the coming
Paris exposition will be a series ef
large maps of all the Important dairy
states, upon which will be marked the
precise location of all the creameriec
and cheese factories) In the stateaDal
ry Commissioner Norton of Iowa, ls
now sending out requests to the cream
eries that they mark on the maps of
their counties all the butter and cheese
factories in them, and forward to him
for the purpose of making up the stats
map.
At the Wisconsin Dairy school, the
winter term of which began on the 5tW
Inst, the following instructors have
been appointed by the board of re
gents of the unlversltyj U. S. Baer of
Manon, Wis.; Julius Burge of .Sevasto
pol, Wis., and John Kelty, of Boscobet,'
Wis., instructor and assistant Instruc
tors In cheese making; John R. Robin
son of New London, Wis., and Thos.
Cornelinsen of Huntley, 111., Instructors
at the separator; DeWltt Goodrich of
Climbing Hill, la., Instructor In butter
making; Roy L. Smith, of Madison.
Wis., instructor In pasteurizing, and
Louis Engleman of Laporte, Ind., In
structor in milk testing.
The supreme court of Minnesota baa
rendered a decision sustaining the con
stitutionality of the law of that state
which places commission merchants un
der the control or tne Doara oi
and warehouse commissioners. The
court holds that the state has a right
to regulate the commission trade, and
that there is need for such legislation.
The Iowa State Dairy association
adopted, among others, resolutions ask
ing the netx legislature to establish un
der the superislon of the state dairy
commissioner a systematic inspection
of creameries and creamery products,
and the appointment of a competent
instructor to attend all farmers' in
stitutes in counties having five or more
creameries, to hold one session of the
institute for Instruction in the care
and handling of milk from the cow to
the creamery.
Modern dairying requires a good
thermometer, which, however, need not
be an expensive one. It should be a
floating thermometer, easily clea.ied
and indicating temperature correctly.
The question of temperature has be
come a very important one all along
the line in both butter and cheesemak
Ing and testing cream by sticking one's
finger Into It no longer answers the re
quirements. In mixing different lots of cream they
should be thoroughly stirred so as to
get them and the acidity they contain
well mixed and evenly distributed, and
the churning should not be done for at
lt-ast six hours after the mixing. If
the whole batch of cream is not homo
geneously ripened and acidified the re
sults will be disappointing.
The old-fashioned method of churn
ing required that the work be continuedi
until butter "gathered" in lumps or
masses. This imprisoned In it a great
deal of buttermilk that could not be
got out without a great deal of work
ing which destroyed the grain of the
butter. When It was to be consumed)
Immediately in the family where it was
made the fact that it contained a good
deal of buttermilk made less difference
and many like Its quick, sharp flavor;
but when It was to go to, market the
persence of buttermilk made a butter
that nuleklv became rancid. The mod
ern method keeps the churn going only
until the granules of butter are me
size of wheat grains or a little less).
Then the buttermilk Is drawn oft thro
a fine strainer to prevent butter gran
ules from escaping with It. Cold water
Is turned Into the churn, which Is
given a revolution or two, and then
the water Is drawn off, also through the
strainer, and when the water cornea
clear the buttermilk Is out. One don't
then have to work the grain out of
the butter In order to free it from
buttermilk.
No creamery can make as good but
ter as the private dairyman can make,
who has control of the feeding, the
milk, the cream, the churning, the
washing, the wtorklng, the packing,
end, indeed, the entire process from
start to finish. At the same time 1 t
Is true that few private dairymen live
up to their possibilities by making as
good butter as a well conducted cream
ery makes. From a commercial stand
point the creamery has the further ad
vantage that It can make large quan
Mties of uniformly good butter, and that
is what the market wants, while the
best private dairymen make only small
quantities. If uniformly good a mar
ket can almost always be found for
such butter, direct to the consumer at
the best nrices going, but if It be put
on the general market the smallness
of the lots 13 adisadvantage.
Milk la a complete food for poultry
of all ages. It may be cither skimmed
milk or whole milk, rweet or sour. It
may not be so plain to the average
man, but the skim milk Is as good for
poultry as the whole milk, as but very
little of the essential elements as re
moved In the removal of the butter
fat. The casein, milk sugar and ask
are comparatively the same In skim
milk as are found In whole milk. When
given to young chicks It should be
scalded so as to kill the fat In the milk,
as that element Is not wanted In the
growing chick. The same may be said
of all poultry except such as are being
fattened for the market.
There ts an Impression with some
people that sour milk Is spoiled milk,
hence Is not god for fowls. This Is a
mistake, for It affords a very good food
for chickens, young or old. Where
whole milk has been fed to young
chicks they often have more or less
bowel trouble. Where a great deal of
milk is at hand It will pay to feed the
skim milk to poultry. If It has to be
bought the outlay may be more than
the return In egg products, and It Is
doubtful whether It Is best to feed It
under the circumstances, but taking It
by and large It is a very good and
convenient food for poultry and should
be fed whenever It can be.
Ah, there! We've the wireless teleg
raphy, the horseless carriage, the
tnnguelesg cultivator, the hopeless ne
cessity, now why not give us a twine
less binder. Who'll be the man tc hi .
vent the twlneleas binder?
aV
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