JEFFRIES WINS FIGHT
KNOCKS FITZ8IMMONS OUT
ELEVEN ROUNDS.
IN
Graphic Deaorlptlon of th Battle
of Two of the Mlghtleat Slug
gera of the Day.
New York.--8pecll.)-Jaa J. Jeffries,
Mother sturdy young giant, baa come
out of the west to whip champion
pugilists.
At the arena of the Coney Island
ciuo uimgnt he defeated Rob
ert Fitzslmmons, world's champion In
two classes middleweight and heavy
weight, in eleven rounds of whirlwind
ngnung. tie came to the ring a rank
ouulder, and left It the acknowledged
master or tne man he defeated. He
waa never at any time In serious dan
ger, and after the sire-up in the early
rounds of the contest, took the lead. He
had the Australian whipped from the
nintn round.
Jl waa acknowledged that Jeffrie
would have an Immense advantage in
weight, height and age. but the
thousands who tipped and backed his
opponent to win were sure that he wa
au.w and that he would In that respect
be absolutely at the mercy of the past
matter of the science of lighting that
he waa to meet. He proved, on the
contrary, thai he was Just as fast as
the man he met, and beat him down
to unconscious defeat in a fair flirht.
Jeffries Is a veritable giant In stature
and marvrlouHly speedy for his Im
mense size. J-ena than a year ago, he
appeared in New York, a great awk
ward, ungainly boy. Today he is the
lithe, active, alert, trained athlete. The
men who prepared him for his fight
worked wonders with him. They taught
him a nearly perfect defense. Improved
his foot movement and Instructed him
in the methods of Indicting punishment
The transition since he appeared last
has been little short of miraculous.
At 24 he defeated Robert Fltzslrn
mons. Tom Sharkey Bnd Peter Jackson,
and If he cares for himself he will prob
ably be able to auccessfuly defend the
title for many years.
FITZ' CONDITION.
The defeated man was Just as good
as when on the crlpy morning In the
plains of far-away Nevada he lowered
the colors of the then peerlesa Corbett.
He was Just as active, Just as clever,
Just as tricky and Just as fearless of
punishment.
He went unfalteringly to his defeat
He was the aggressor, even at moments
when he was bleeding and unsteady
and stunned by the blows he received
he reeled Instinctively toward his op
ponent. He was fighting all the time,
and punished his opponent, but found
him a different opponent than any hi
had met and a difficult man to fight.
Jeffries fought from a crouching atti
tude that was hard to get at. He held
his head low, his back was bent down
nd his left arm was extended. He kept
tabbing away with the left, and found
no trouble In binding H. It was there
that his superior reach told. Thai
giant arm served as a sort of human
fender to ward off danger. He showed
an excellent defense and the ability ti
use both hands with skill. He Is game,
too, for he never shrank from his pun
ishment. It was a great fight to watch,
and commenced and ended amid scenes
it Intense excitement,
DRAMATIC SIGHT.
It was all dramatic. The men
fought before a ciowd of 9,000 persom
and stood up in a great beam of blind
ing white light. It was like a thousand
;alclums and It showed their great
white bodies in strange relief. Wher.
the blood came It was an intenser red
than usual. There was not a sugges
tion of interference from the police.
Chief Devery occupied a seat by tbt
ringside, but never entered the ring.
When it was all over he sent Captain
Kenny in to clear the ring. The con
test was pulled off without wrangle and
was devoid of the brutal elements thai
Chief Devery had fenred. Never was
i crowd handled with less friction It
was al Ipertectly orderly.
The absence of any preliminary con
test gave the crowd a fight appetite,
rhey began calling for the performance
it 9:30 and at 8:45 were demonstrative.
Jeffries was the first to appear. He
:ame through the main entrance and
walked the length of the hall at 9;5t
to an accompaniment of cheers, while
Fitzslmmons, who was accompanied by
is Bpartan-like wife, came from the
flresslng room by a rear door. The
agreement as to the conditions of
2llnches and breaks was discussed and
fettled outside of the ring and there
was but little delay when the terms
were agreed upon.
FITZ' DRAMATIC ENTREE.
Fltxslmmijns' entry Into the ring at
10:06 was made the occasion of a rather
theatrical demonstration. Julian wa
first and then came the fighter. The
leconds were next In line and then
;ame two men bearing a gTeat floral
piece that was almost funereal in its
ippearance. It waa Inscribed, "flood
Luck to the Champion," but the flow
trs are wilted now. FKzslmmons
bowed ceremoniously to It. Jeffries
was next Into the arena, and, like his
jpponent, got a demonstrative rccep
lon. Fitzslmmons looked lanky and
thin, but his skin waa clear, his eye
orlght and his step elastic. He made
i great display of American flags at
nls waist . ,
Jeffries looked sturdy and massive
ind seemed a little nervous. He got
the worst of the assignment of corners,
or the great lights shone Into his face
ind he blinked at them in a nervous
ort of way. Bller, too, looked color
less and HI at ease. There was no
trying delay In the ring, and the gong
tounded Just as the men had been pre
ented and gloved. When they squared
ff Jeffries looked fifty poundB to the
d OPENING ROUND.
The opening round was a tryout,
pure and simple and not a single blow
Bf an effective nature was landed. First
one was the pacemaker and then the
other essayed the pressing. They were
almost equally active and thclev"
work recompensed the crowd for the
lack of excitement. The second round
began In a business-like way with
Jeffries trying his left. Fltsslmmons
then took a turn, but was short. Just
the round closed Jeffries downed
Kltuslmmons with a hard straight left
on the law. The champion came up
lowly In a daxed sort of way and
?ee7.d toward his man. The crowd
cheered Jeffries, but the gong ended
Fltsslmmons rallied In tha mt and
waa aggreaslve again In the third.
Fltsalmmons waa bleeding, but flght
jVlously. H. mad. th. dace, but It
T. raiirnrnlan'a round. The
fourth waa faet. but not decl.lve. Fits
slmmon made 'hie best showing In th. hitherto beet, regarded as a nuallflca
SfTh Ha began the round with a punch tlon In a president of Yale. In addition
that ooanad "Jeffrie' left ayt and sent
a Mttletorrent of Wood coursing down
ft oliilr H- forced Jeffrie against
tha ma but the CWIfornlan slipped
MraylrWB SUB. Us mad Jeffries hug
again, but then the round ended and
Jeffrie waa back and fighting. Fits
Simmons waa the aggressor In the sixth
and that, too, waa his round. H
tried all of his tricks with left and
r,ht. but was unable to place them
ngnu Me closed with a strong right
uppercut, but that, too, was blocked.
BEGINNING OF THE END.
The seventh might be said to have
been Fltxslmmons', but he did no par.
tlcular damage with his punches. The
eighth saw the beginning of the end,
for Fitislmmons never regained his
balance after that round. Jeffries be
gan the round with a straight left on
the face, that again brought the blood
out of the oponent's mouth. The Cor
nishman staggered against the ropes
but came back for another facer. There
was fear in Fitzslmmons' corner, and
Julian yelled to Fitzslmmons to be
careful. Fitzslmmons olanted one of
his lefts on Jeffries' law and staerered
him against the ropes. Fitzslmmons
looked like a beaten man.
The ninth was all Jeffries. He sent
the Australian's head back with a
series of lefts, put hlB right on the
body and avoided any serious punish
ment. Fitzslmmons kept pressing for
ward all the time, but was unable to
find hlg opponent.
The tenth was In reality where the
fight ended. Jeffries rushed his oppo
nent and downed him with a left
swing. Fitzslmmons seemed out and
there was a moment" of the wildest ex
citement. Julian ran along the side of
the ring and sprinkled water on his
fallen Idol. At the end of seven sec
onds Fitzslmmons staggered to Ills feet
only to go down again. He was up
again and Jeffries poised lirnself for
the flninh. He shot his lelt to the
body and tried for the head with his
right. He was ca.in and collected, but
the time was too short. Again did the
gong come to the aid of the man who
was then going, stag;iring and dazed
to certain defeat. There was a frantic
effort to revive the champion of cham
pions, but he waa cleanly gone and his
seconds could not restore hlni.
FATAL HOUND.
The fate-like gong clanged again and
the old fighter wobbled out to meet the
sturdy young Hercules who awaited
him. It was us courageous and gritty
as a dash up to the firing line In battle,
but It was hopeless. They were to
gether. It was a splendid moment and
characterizes a tragedy. Jeffries waa
as fresh as at the start.
There was a moment of sparring and
the giant arms of the Callfornian shot
through the air. It was left and right
and over. Fitzslmmons, limp and un
jonscious, dropped to the floor. Jeffries
teppcd buk, for he knew the force
that he had put behind his terrible
blows. The timers called out the sec
onds that counted out an old ring hero
and heralded another, but nobody
heard them. The crowd was on Ha
feet howling. There was a rush for the
ring, but scores of bluecoats barred the
way. Ten seconds are short and when
the tenth had come there was a new
roar of excitement to welcome the vic
tor. Julian, Hlckey, Kenny and Ever
hardt gathered up the prostrate man.
He was till In a trance. They carried
him to his corner and a little blood
oozed from his mouth as his head fell
forward on his chest. The new hero
crossed the ring and shook the hand
of his rival, after which he was sur
rounded by his friends, who hustled
him from the ring and into his dressing
room.
Jeffries had the good wishes of his
clergyman father out at Los Angeles,
Cal. This wire was placed in his hand
as he reached the ring:
'Jim: We know you will win. Keep
good spirits; be confident of our bless
ing. "FATHER. MOTIliiU,
AND FAMILY.
JEFFRIES' STATEMENT.
Fltz fought a good and game battle.
and hit me harder than any man whom
I have been up against. He can whip
Sharkey In two rounds. I would gain
nothing by meeting Sharkey again, but
am willing to meet any man in me
world in whom the public has con
fidence, and there need be no fear of
my quitting the ring for the stage. I
will defend my title as champion at ail
tlmts and against all comers. At no
time during tonight's fight did I feel
any misgivings as to my ability to win.
I am satisfied that I have well earned
the right to be called champion by beat
ing Fitzslmmons, who waa undoubtedly
the greatest fighter of the age."
Jeffries and his party left tor new
York at midnight and will make the
Vanderbllt hotel their headquarters.
Just as soon as Fitzslmmons reached
his dressing room his wife, who was
anxiously awaiting the outcome of the
fight, greeted the fallen champion af
fectionately. "Keep up your spinis.
Hob," she sold. "You fought splen
didly." ,
Mart n Julian spoae encouragingly
to the defeated pugilist, but the latter
seemed not to realize what waa being
said to him. His trainers and sparring
oartners laid the lanky pugilist on a
cot and whispered words of encourage
ment In, his ear.
SHOCK SEVERE.
Fitzslmmons had only partially re
covered from the shock of defeat and
occasionally murmured: "How did I
come to fight him?" Mrs. Fitislmmons
and Mrs. Dan Hlckey Dent over tne
prostrate man and bathed his head and
face. Clots of blood had formed In the
noKtrila and the damaged nasal organ
began to be a source of worrlment to
Mrs. Fitzslmmons. "t nave noinin io
say regarding me uuu-inuc m n
light, she said. ' DUl I leei sure ihba
Rob still has a host of friends who will
not forget his past career in the ring."
Manager Jullun, when asked of his
opinion of the result, replied: Oh,
there Is very lime ior me io .
body knows that Hod is game ami i
feel certain that he still has a warm
place In the hearts of many. No mat
ler what comes or goes, Hob need not
worry about anything as long as I live.
He Is my friend and I am his. He shall
never want for anything, and while I
feel his downfall most keenly I have
the satisfaction of knowing that he
was beaten by a clever young leuuw
.if h a. decided null In the weights, who
showed such cleverness that the sting
of defeat is softened to a great ex
tent." , . ,
Yank Kenny, tne neavyweigm spa
ring partner who has been with Fltz
slmmons ail through his training, was
crestfallen at the turn affairs had
taken.
Jack Everhardt was equally down
cast at the defeat of Fitislmmons.
v,u ran snv for me. ne sain, i
never Imagined that Jeffries could have
Imnrnvwl XI VdStlV. Rob ' UP HglllllSt
a big handicap In regard i weight and
I think he acquitted mnsou splen
didly." tk raiitinna of Yale university have
been smashed by the election of Prof.
Iladley as president of that Institution.
Um la under 42 years old for one thing.
Then he Is not a clergyman, which has
to all that, ne is noi a proie...r .
0rek, Latin, philosophy or any of th.
so-called culture branches of education,
but of political acienos the science o
government In Its broad sense.
UP-TO-DATE FIREWORKS.
The Fourth of July flreworka of 191
will be right up to date. There will be
"Klondike Fountains," "X-Ray Photo
graphs," "Otd Harry's Visiting Cards'
and "Money to Burns." There will be
"Chrysanthemums," which make an In
tensely brilliant light, and deep, scin
filiating forms resembling the flowera
from which they take their name
"Brilliant Stars" with a bright, hissing
Bffect, and throwing out myriads of
electrical stars; "Sparkling Bombs
which begin with a lephyr-llke whistle
and go out with a 13-Inch gun report
"Surprise Boxes," with a quick dls
charge of stars which go snapping and
twisting aimlessly in midair; "Silver
Vesuviuses," with a lasting and beau
tlful effect of spin fires; "American
Mandarins," with a combination of
squib reports and detonating salutes
resembling the rapid fire of a gatllng
gun, and "Floral Bombshells," showing
in fire all the prismatic colors In varie
gated stars, which fall precipitately In
a. shower of golden rain from the bomb
shell when It bursts high in the air.
In boxes filled with straw are to bo
found little canes, labeled "Snake-in-the-Grass."
They are placed on the
ground and a light applied to their
apex. In a few seconds a miniature
.make, with fangs Intact, rises phoenix
like from the ashes and hisses in t
manner most spiteful.
"Candy Rosette Wheels" consist of a
spinning wheel which, after It has been
fired, leaves a cane of candy whose
value would be assessed by any repu
table dealer in sweetmeats at at least
one cent. In the "X-Ray Photographs
after the fuse is set afire, the cover of
the camera will disappear as if by
magic and reveal your picture In an
excellent likeness of Balaam's Ass.
The "Humming Fire-Tops" are con
ceded to be a great novelty. They con
sist of wooden tops surmounted by
driving fireworks which make them
apln with great velocity.
Then there are "dragon tongues." Af
ter the fuse has been lighted, the cover
3t the den disappears without leaving
elthe rashes or smoke. Then the dra
gon appears on the scene and extends
tils tongue in a menacing manner.
"Old Harry's Visiting Cards' are
made of white "magic" paper, with His
Satanic Majesty's name imprinted on
one surface. As soon as Ignited they
mysteriously vanish, leaving no trace
whatever.
The "money-to-burns" are on the
same principle, only they are made up
is a fac-slmlle of a $10 confederate note
ind come put up in pocketbookg.
"Look out for the stick!" will be the
popular cry on the night of the glorl
jus Fourth. The rockets this year will
be as varied as they are numerous.
In addition to the usual short-stick
rockets there will be "tri-color union
randies," emitting balls, which, while
in the air, divide Into three brilliant
red, white and blue stars; "parachute
rockets,' 'discharging at a great height
floating stars of large caliber, suspend
ed from parachutes, which float a long
listance and change color before disap
pearing; "prismatic dragon rockets,"
displaying at an altitude of 300 feet a
awarm of dragon-like serpents, with
vermllllon-hued bodies, which change
ind Interchange In their winding course
till they gradualy fade away In the dls
tance.
Amid the clouds the "cascade rock
ets" display a broad, swelling spread of
liquid gold in streamers of glittering
radiance with feathery edges, which
gradually dissolves in a lasting cloud of
sparkling mist. The "peacock plumes
rockets," rise like an Eiffel Tower of
fire to a great height, and with a ter
rific explosion form a gorgeous veil of
feathery plumes, embellished with to.
paz and emerald comets.
The designers of the set pieces will
have plenty of opportunities to display
their art on the coming Fourth. Patri
otic designs will be In demand and
many of the firms have on hand al
ready a number of reproductions of the
Maine and pyrotechnlcal photographs
of naval and war heroes. They are
made in all sizes and, though they vary
In price, are for the most part ex
pensive. WHERE1M MIGRANTS COME FROM
If any old frequenter of Castle Gar
den should revisit the barge office after
an absence of ten years he would be
surprised at the change in the nation
alities of the people now found there.
In old days the blond Oermans, th
English with their misplaced aspirates
and the Irishman's funny brogue were
features. Today Germans are compar
atively rare, and the Irish and English
almost as much so. In the last nine
months the total German income at the
port of New York has been 10,244, and
that Includes a few tourists. The Brit
ish Isles, which used to send over 100,000
a year, have not sent 18,000 In nine
months.
It Is from Italy that the immigration
Is now greatest. Ten years ago the
Italian entries for the entire United
States were only about 25,000 for a
year. Already this year, with only nine
months gone, 47,243 Italians have ar
rived In New York alone.
Immigration from Austro-Hungary It
also Increasing, and the entries at this
port during the nine months are 32,654,
as against 39,797 for the whole of the
United States In the preceding year. A
mall Immigration of Christian Arab
is beginning, and the Armenians and
Turkish peoples are Increasing,
The entries at the port of New York
during the nine months have been as
follows: Austria-Hungary, 32,054; Bel
glum, 769; Denmark, 1,041; France, 1,749;
Oermany, 10,244; Greece, 1,429; Italy,
47,243; Netherlands, 734; Norway, 1.5M
Portugal, 725; Roumanla, 919; Russli
and Finland, 12,266; Bervla,Bu1garia and
Montenegro, S3; Spain, "429; Sweden, 8,.
007; Switzerland, 1,01; Turkey, 62; Brit
lak Isles, 17,666; total, 148,810.
WORLD'S COAL PRODUCT.
United States Holda Second Placi
aa a Fuel Producer,
Washington, D. C The coal produc
tlon and consumption of the world dur
lng the past fifteen years are present
ed in some tables Just prepared by th
treasury bureau of statistics. Thes
show that while the United Kingdom ii
still the largest coal producer In th
world, the United States is a close sec
ond and if the present rate of gain it
continued, will soon become the lead
ing coal producing country of the world
The coal production of the United King
dom in 1897 was 202,000,000 tons, that ol
the United States 179,000,000, Germany
100,000,000, France 30,000,000, Belgium
22,000,000, Austria-Hungary 12.000,000
Russia nearly 10,000,000, Australia near
ly 6,000,000, Japan over 5,000.000, British
India 4,000,000, Canada nearly 4,000,000,
and Spain 2,000,000. No other country
reached 1,000,000 tons in production. Th
United States has gained much more
rapidly during the fifteen years under
consideration than has the United
Kingdom or any of the Important coal
producing countries of the world, her
gain during the fifteen years being over
73 per cent.and that of the United King
dom less than 24 per cent. The an
nouncement Just made by the geological
survey that the coal product of the
United States in 18&8 was 219,836,000
short tons, against 228,287,000 for Great
Britain, shows that the United States
will soon become the leading coal pro
ducing nation of the world.
As an exporter of coal, however, the
United States takes the rank in propor
tion to its production and stands fourth
In the list of coal exporting countries.
In 1898 the exportatlons of coal from
the United Kingdom were 48,000,000
tons, from Germany 12,000.000, from
Belgium over 6,000,000 and from the
United States a little less than 4.000,000.
The quantity exported In 1898 was
slightly above 4,000,000 tons. Australia
came next to the United States as a
oal exporting country, her exports
amounting to nearly 3,000,000 tons,
while France exported about 2.000.00C
lapan 1,000,000, and Canada 1,250,000 In
1897. France is the largest coal im
porting country, her Importations in
1897 being nearly 12,000,000, while Ger
many Imported 6,000,000, Austria-Hun-?ary
5,600,000, Italy 4,250,000, Canada
nearly 4,000,000, Belgium nearly 3,000,-
00, Russia 2,500.000, Sweden over 2,500,-
WO, the United States nearly 1,500,000.
nd Australia 1,000,000 tons.
Great Britain is also the largest con
sumer of coal In proportion to popula-
lon, her coal consumption in 1897
being 3.87 tons per capita, that of Bel-
ium 2.70 tons, the United States 2.42,
Germany 1.58, Canada, 1.2, France, 0.98,
Australia 0.97, Sweden 0.50, Austria-
Hungary 0.37, Spain, 0.19, Italy 0.13,
Russia, 0.09, ancl Japan 0.07 of a ton
lier capita.
According to these figures, which are
summarized from a report of the coal
production of the principal countries
of the world, Just issued by the lirltisn
sovernment, the United States now
iroduces about 30 per cent of the coal
n the world, the coal product of the
tourteen countries enumerated In the
.ables being, In 1897, 566,000,000 tons, of
shlch the United States produced 179.
KiO.OOO tons, while In 1883 she produced
ut 27 per cent of the total coal product
:f the countries enumerated. The 1898
Igures make an even more satisfactory
ihowlng for the United States.
Served Him Right.
A young lieutenant In a cavalry reg
ment fell violently In love with the
laughter of a wealthy merchant. But
je soon became Indifferent to the lady
harms, and when his regiment wa
irdered for a term of service to th
ast he was so ungallant as to leave
ler without any explanations.
When a short period had lapsed the
jffieer returned home with more dust
han medals on his coat, and soon after
le landed was present at a dinner and
all where his quondam lady-love was
imong the daintiest of the beauties.
They danced together, and she show
d no resentment on the score of past
infalthfulness. After much pressing
he lady gave the officer an appointment
it a certain church near her latner s
louse, which had been their trystlng
jlace in former days.
The young officer went happily to nis
:lub, where his old friend, Major
iffered him a cigar.
'I met my old flame, Muriel , this
venlng." said the new arrival from
tbroad, and he told his friend of the
lnnolntment she had given him.
The major expressed no surprise, dui
mid Muriel was a good and forgiving
j-lrl for he knew what had gone, be-
ore.
The former lover went to the church
rr the day named, and there was
ureddlne. When the ceremony was over
Hurlel , the bride, came out of the
hurch on the arm of Major , the
hrideeroom!
A certain Individual went home to nis
odglngs a sadder and, It Is to be pre
turned, a wiser man.
Shreds and Patches.
A man is sure to be Interesting when
ae talks about a subject he knows all
bout, and amusing when he talks of
what he Is Ignorant. It Is the vast
middle ground that Is debatable.
We pity a man who meets his Ideal
tnd cannot get her; but he Is more to
e pitied who marries his Ideal and
nds he has not got her.
To be lonely Is to feel one s self a
miked soul, shivering In the cold wind
Infinity. Boredom is weariness of
jelf and Inability to escape from It.
To tiore Is worse than to be bored
but It Is not so easy to know when It
happening. It Is a good plan to be
usplclous whenever you find the con
versation particularly Interesting.
What a humorist the first Inventor 01
straps In cable cars must have been!
If you haven t much paper ana are in
oiibt whether to write a sermon or an
plgram, write the sermon; It takes less
Covered Buttons.
The first maker of covered button
was Mrs. Mimuei wiinsion or .asi
Hampton. Mass. In early life her hus
band prepared for the ministry, but, hit
eyesight falling, he was compelled tc
give up all study and support nimseir
He opened a general country store, and
his wife gave a great deal of attention
to a notion counter, one winter aay, ir
1826, she was sorting her stock, when II
suddenly occurred to her to cover lomi
of the wooden buttons, then In general
use, with cloth. They attracted muck
attention among the customers of th
little shop, and were finally known tc
nil the neighboring towns, and becam
very popular. Willlston and his wlft
contrived machinery to do the work
the first ever employed In America, At
Immense manufactory sprang up, ant
made half the covered buttons of thi
world, and Willlston died worth setera
millions. And the source of all thli
wealth originated with a bright N
England woman.
10 TUNNEL THE
ISTHMUS CANAL
O. A. Karwlese, the German engl
neerlng expert, who was consulting en
gineer in the construction of the Sues
canal, now proposes to build a still
more remarkable ship canal across the
Isthmus between North and South
America,
His plan Is to tunnel through a moun
tain range.
.By this plan full-rigged ships with
masts reaching up 180 feet high could
all right through the mountain range
four abreast.
The object of such a tremendous and
unheard-of undertaking as this is to
make the shortest posible cut through
the isthmus connecting North and
South America.
A week ago this plan of Mr. Kar
wlese was submitted to Admiral Walk
er, of the Nicaragua canal commission,
who will naturally bring it before the
president when presenting reports on
canal surveys.
The proposed Nicaragua canal which
the United States government has had
repeated surveys made for, will have to
be 169 miles long.
Engineer Karwiese's proposed canal
would be but eleven miles long. Only
ne and two-thirds miles of this would
be a tunnel through the mountain. The
ther nine miles would be simply the
enlarging of existing waterways lead
lng to the Atlantic and Pacific.
The Interior of the ship tunnel could
be lighted by electricity, and motor
energy supplied by electrical power
transformed from the tides by ma
chines especially constructed for that
purpose. Such a machine already ex
Ists and has been patented by William
Bowman of Norfolk, N. Y.
A single lock at each terminus of ca
rial construction would absolutely con
trol the water level between the two
oceans. These locks would, of course,
be necessary to prevent a flood tide on
one side of the Isthmus from rushing
through the artificial opening between
the continents. By this method navi.
gatlon through the Isthmus in still
rater and on ocean level would be prac
tically possible. No other plan ever
uggested provides for an ocean level
Canal.
Engineer Karwlese claims that such
l canal could be built in two years for
(48,000,000. The lowest estimate for the
Nicaragua canal Is $118,000,000 and five
rears' time for construction. So great
in undertaking as boring a hole thro' a
mountain range big enough for ships
to sail through would seem impossible
were It suggested by any lesser author
ity than Mr. Karwlese.
Mr. Karwlese was consulting englneet
u the designing and building of the
sanal through the isthmus of Suez, and
tor a short time was engaged with De
Lesseps In Panama. Almost at the
itart he became convinced that the
Panama route would ultimately be
ibandoned, and says upon investigation
e found that the existing isthmian
lurveys were inaccurate and in many
instances merely a matter of guess
work.
Accordingly In 1891 he began a sys-
matlc survey of the whole Isthmus
md Is now possessed of maps, sound
ngs and other records, all convincing
'acts. He is, of course, familiar with
lie Nlcaraguan region, and condemns
he course there with objections siml
ar to those actual! encountered In Pan
ima.
The proposed new route involves
tome features altogether novel In canal
kulldlng, but It is claimed to be not only
ihorter, cheaper and far more practical
!han any other course ever suggested,
klr. Karwiese's experience In canal
tuildlng and fame as an expert assure
ts consideration by the United States
fovernment. It is probable that Mr
Karwlese will accompany on their sur
reys the isthmian canal commission
recently appointed by the president to
n vest I gate all routes, and will person
illy go over the ground of his work
with the officers of the government.
According to surveys and estimates
urnlshed by Mr. Karwlese a ship tun-
lel canal can be completed through the
ower Isthmus of Panama between the
3ulf of Darien and the bed of the San.
a Maria river. This region ts known
is the Aput valley, and is crossed dia
metrically by the Cardllllere range of
nountalns, which extends throughout
the length of the isthmus, connecting
with the Andes of South America and
with the Rocky mountain system of the
jorthern continent.
At the point of intersection with the
iputl valley the Cardllllere are steer
tnd high and almost solid rock. Mr.
Karwlese Is ready to demonstrate to the
:anal commission the practicability of
uttlng through this rock, not a can
yon, but a tunnel 180 feet high, with
8 feet added for depth of water.
This lnteroceanlc ship tunnel would
be 8,888 feet, or, approximately, one
ind two-thirds miles long, and wide
enough to allow four ships to pass
ibreast.
No such stupendous engineering feat
has ever been attempted since the be
ginning of the world, but Mr. Karwlese
Is ready to undertake it; and there are
many expert engineers who have long
considered that the execution of such a
project at a favorable point waa en
tirely feasible and would furnish the
most satisfactory solution of the whole
lnteroceanlc canal problem.
The Aputl valley la adapted for such
canal In several ways. The actual
dlitar.ee between existing ocean tide
pools on either side of tha Cardllllere
Is fifteen miles eight hundred feet, and
for all but eleven and one-eighth miles
over tha proposed course navigation la
possible at the present time. Harbora
at each and of the proposed route ar
of gravel and firm sand, and th bad
of the canal Itself would be of rock.
The water of the Santa Maria river M
clear and deep, and there are no quick
sands nor alluvial deposits to block con
struction and render perpetual re-ex-cavation
imperative In order to pre
serve the usefulness of the canal when
built,
The Aputl valley is a natural division
between the two continents. In making
his first exploration of the isthmus, Mr.
Karwlese was alone, and intrusted him
self to native Indian guides. He navi
gated San Miguel harbor longitudinally
and arriving at the mouth of the Santa
Maria River was astonished by hi
guides, who paradoxically offered t
"drop him up stream to the mountain.
This apparent contradiction of the law
of gravitation was literally accomplish
ed on a raft, for by takiag advantage
of the flood tide from the Pacific the
explorer was able to land at the base
of the rocky Cardilliere.
Crossing the range on foot, the party
came to a navigable tributary of the
Tablna river, and floated down stream
on the Atlantic side into the broad Gulf
of Darien, an arm of the Caribbean
sea. The Tabina river has its source on
the Atlantic slope of the mountains In
the middle of the Isthmus and trend
almost parallel to the coast in a south
easterly direction emptying its water
finally Into a harbor of the gulf. The
natural harbors existing at each end
of the valley described would afford
perfect protection to a large fleet of ves
sels.
A TRAMP CONVENTION.
A convention of hoboes has been call
ed to meet at Danville, 111., June 15. The
call for the novel gathering has been
circulated In rural districts for some
time, and recestly reached Chicago.
Quite as unique as the convention it
self is the "call." It Is a tiny poster,
or "sticker" for handy pasting on lamp
posts and convenient land marks of
the highways. The hoboes are their
own bill posters and they are pasting
up the love feast call at countless place
along the roadways all over the coun
try. Within the last few weeks 10.006
of these posters have been printed and
distributed at the expense of Charle
Noe, a wealthy young man of Syca
more, 111., who styles himself a "soci
ety tramp."
Under the name of "Box Car Tour
ists Union No. 57," more than 300 ho
boes of Chicago have organized to get
in readiness for convention work. They
claim to be affiliated with 100 similar
organizations covering most of the ter
ritory between "the great divide" of
the Rocky mountain range and the At
lantic seaboard. An outline of the pro
gramme for the convention has been
drawn up. It includes discussions of
the economic and social conditions out
of which the hobo evolved himself or
has been evolved. College graduates in
disguise or "reduced" by drink will be
among the eloquent speakers at the
meeting. Tents and empty barrels will
house the delegates and a sand lot
owned by "Onion" Cotton, a hobo pro
prietor of Danville, has already been
selected for the holding of the conven
tion, which is to be in the open air.
Only "ex-useful" members of urban,
suburban or rustic communities will be
given credentials to the grassy floor of
the convention. Those already register
ed and declared eligible are: Land sur
veyors, shoemakers, railroaders, cigar
makers, designers, molders, printers
and tailors.
By special dispensation of the man
ager of the convention, "society
tramps," ex-actors and ex-college pres
idents are to be admitted. Route pick
ers and providers of "side-door Pull
mans" and of "eatings" have been
named for the Chicago union. Among
these are Wlliam F. Petera, George T.
Walters, Edward V. Davis, Charles F.
Noe, "Onion" Cotton, Adolphus Rurk-
hardt and Edward Freeman. With th
exception of Noe and Cotton, all these
have been hibernating, along with oth
ers of their Ilk, in basements at 40
Sherman street, 103 North Clark street
or In similar winter resorts throughout
the city.
Arrangements for transportation In
box cars, with hay trusses for berths.
have been made through the good of
fices of friendly employes of the Chica
go & Eastern Illinois railroad. The he
glra from Chicago will be witnessed
June 16. Before the start on the after
noon of that day a parade will be held
In the downtown streets. Anybody who
wants to fall Into line as the proces
sion passes will have his or her creden
tials passed upon as the box cars are
being boarded at the Polk street sta
tion. In political and police circles the con
vention is regarded as a move toward a
revival of Coxeylsm or tramp agitation
of the kind that carried the marching
'army of the unemployed" to the step
of the Capitol building in Washington
some years ago. Whether any menace
to social order Is perceived In the
Danville program, the authorities ar
not prepared to say. The organisers of
the convention declare, however, that
sedition I not contemplated. They do
not anticipate any attempt at govern
mental suppression or Interference.
Still, they very freely admit that the
work of the convention will be largely
political, and that the foremost object
sought to be attained will be to devise
way and mean "to make the struggle
for existence a pleasure Instead of a
burden."
Maude Adams, the actress, I the gr4
granddaughter of Joshua, first cousin
and an Intimate of J. Q. Adam. Joan
ua's son Joined a party of Canadian
Mormons and wa among the first geV
tie in Bait Lak City.
Mr. Zerlaah Gould Mitchell, wan
died recently, wa the laat Indian prla
can In Massachusetts and waa a ttanat
descendant at MaaaaaoiL