5
FOTUiiE OF THE HOME
MESTIC CONVENIENCES
NEXT CENTURY.
OF
Promises to Revolutionize Life
Within Doors Manual Laborwill
Be a Thing Almost Unknown.
' The twentieth century promises to
become memorable as an era. of great
changes in the conventional modes of
travel, warfare and agriculture, but
above all In our present system of do-
neatic arrangements. Civilization, it in
true, should always imply the idea of
arogress, but great inventions now
aad then anticipate the possibility of
improvements for years to come, or re--dtoc
it to mere matters of detail.
The leap from mail coaches to elec
tris messages, for instance, was so
esormuus that further advances in that
direction will appear comparatively tri
fling, and we need not doubt that a re
: soote posterity will honor the construc
tor of the post telegraphic instrument
aa we now honor the inventor of the
rst printing press.
But It is equally true that the supply
af new inventions sometimes fails to
keep step with the demand, and there
-are even cases of important discoveries '
failing te lead to a much-needed appli-!
-nation. In the icy uplands of Northern
Canada, the traveler Jameson found
a tribe ef snow-bound Indians camping
-an the next neighborhood of a coal pit,
and was amazed at the Inconceivable
attlftlessness of human beings whe
'Would shiver all winter in their ragged
when a few days' labor would
sufficed to construct a snug log
abia with a Are hearth.
And even then the housekeepers of
-future generations will marvel at the
lack of enterprise that kept their an
estors sweltering In the midsummer
asusery f lli-ventilated dwelling when
-experiments had already demonstrated
tae possibility of reducing the indoor
temperature from 30 to 5 degrees in
balf as many minutes.
COOLNESS ON TAP.
The dwelling houses of the future
rill be furnished with ice-air radiators
"that will cool a room in the dog days
-mm promptly and cheaply as a coa,
-atove new warms it in midwinter, and
hi every larger town they will have
--swfrlgerater pipes t conduct cold air
ice vaults te parlors, halls and
shops, en the plan which has
successfully tried in several gov-
buildings in Southern Europe
superintendents of public schoels
artll held their Janitors responsible not
"he let tbe temperature ef their class-
smidi rise above 75 degrees Fahrenheit.
' Taungsters will gladly escape from the
swn -blistered streets to a ceol playroom.
"Hurry up and refrigerate Ne. so-sanst-so,
parlor and bedroom," my host
mM call te his waiter on the arrival of
miner tourists, and in warm weather
the owners of a new residence will In
site their friends to a "house-cooling."
.Before the end of the twentieth cen-
the slumber of civilized human be
will cease to be disturbed by vis-
i of the Calcutta Black Hole; nor will
r he troubled by the dread of ruin-
conflagrations. In the United States
i above $12,000,000 worth of property
hi now every year destroyed by the Are
band. . More human lives are lost in
burning tenements than on battlefields,
'bnlr three out of ten families can af
ford te pay the charges of Insurance
companies without having to stint
'themselves in the necessaries of daily
.sMe. In nine out of ten cases direct
by Are are only partly compen
without mentioning the Irrepar-
in health, comfort, keep-
valued heirlooms.
Why should we allow the dread of
calamities to darken our lives,
It is known that houses can be
as completely fire-proof as light-
i snag- proof? Nearly 20 years age the
ejhem 1st. Spangenburg, named M differ
- ant compounds, which, in solutions,
aalnt or varnish, would make wood as
Usvcombustlble as marble; and Prof.
oflay-Lussac , patented a process for
"raaderlng linen, calico and all other
mil Itaule fibers uninflammable."
.The fireproof houses of tbe future
Hi then not to be limited to nr-'-'lie
abolls. transiently heated by powetful
atoves and threatening to get as cold
caln as tbe ice palace of the Czarina
JJBUxabeth.
NO MORE HOLOCAUSTS.
They may contain wooden planks and
ahliis.li wooden framework and all
sWts of wooden furniture. Their win.
-slaw can be screened and curtained.
the good wife will regret only tbe
i of fuel, if, in her absence, the mis-
evous youngsters should start a bos-
irt on the parlor floor. It may fill the
with smoke, and perhaps black-
i tbe ceiling; but there will be no con
ation. The paper and sticks of the
antscblef -makers will burn up and go
mmt like a match on a stone sidewalk.
Garnished furniture will look scorched,
'bat it will not burn. The lace curtain
My awJfhrot, but it will not flare up
ebbs tat the window frame afire. Tbe
eJatsMt walla would stand it even In
-tt aa old-fashioned neighborhood house
oatch fire and test the new
with a whirl of spark.
- ii aa nam snuicwa mi me auum
,mt tbe future will be heated, a wall a
- Cabled, by electricity; but for sual
OtT arga a loctric calefactor caa
C mn with an old-fashioned open
Clim. Mil infill dweilloga will
tSf eaggllat two or thro meth-
ttr ataatsrbctHsi the winter ell
ml tm K&m latitude: vault
25 'wtt batch toga, f ar tb far-
-2S&ZZt a at boatsd at
chines that do the next best thing to
economizing heat by concentrating the
flames upon desirable points the bot
tom of the kettle, or the platform of
the smoothing Iron.
The naturalist Watertun, who had
been bitten by all the insect pests of
the American tropics, defined the sci
ence of happiness as the "art of clean
ing out troublesome intruders." and th
architects of the twentieth century will
perhaps solve the problem of keeping
them out altogether. Sheets of galvan
ized iron under the floor planks an
the panel work of the walls will baffle
the most persistent rodents. Wire
screened windows and double screened
doors will reduce entomological plagues
to the home-bred varieties. Tiny ants
will be hardest to exclude, but tight
flitting floors will inspire these for
agers with a preference for outdoor
hunting grounds.
American patriots have not yet set
tied the question if George Washing
ton or Benjamin Franklin should be
considered the greatest benefactor of
our republic, but there is no doubt that
the man who did us most harm was the
unspeakable fool who imported twelv
pair of English sparrows and turned
them loose in Germantown avenue,
Philadelphia.
Those assisted immigrants have pros
pered till they outnumber all the six
hundred and odd varieties of our na
tive birds taken together, and at their
present rate of Increase they will soon
become a mere formidable plague than
the Rocky Mountain locust. They mul
tiply faster than flobert rifles can de
stroy their progeny, faster than rats,
rabbits or pension claimants; still
has been found that persistent persecu
tion will teach them to stay away from
certain neighborhoods, and the house
owners of the future will probably re
pute the work of destruction to trained
hawks. A government forester (ot
gamekeeper) of Judenburg, Austria,
proved that sparrow hawks can be
trained to make their headquarters in
their master's master's barn and de
stroy mischievous birds at the rate of
a dozen a day, provided that their pro
tector will help them to eke out a sub
sistence during the three coldest months
of the year.
They will capture sparrows on the
wing about as easily as a swallow
would catch a fly, but in case of need
will also follow the noisy little wretches
into the penetralia of their retreats un
der eaves and gables. Imagine the
popularity of a winged ferret of that
sort la the sparrow-pestered cities ot
the Ohio valley, and the eager compe
tition of neighbors offering to contrib
ute to Its winter support. Tbe demand
for similar pets would soon make spar
row hawk training a regular business.
and a peace loving dwelling house with
no hawk roost will be considered as in
complete as a poultry farm without a
rat terrier.
"What do you think more reliable, a
burglar alarm or a watch dog?" a Vi
enna press correspondent asked a de
tective of the city police.
"A good dog probably beats any sin
gle alarm contrivance," said the expert,
but a combination of burglar alarms
is safer and cheaper than a pack of tbe
gest watch dogs a-going."
PROTECTION AGAINST BURGLARS.
A housebreaker might poison a dozen
dogs in half an hour, but no precau
tion could save him from the risk of be
traying his movements in a maze of
alarm tricks. He might be smart enough
to unhinge a window shutter and turn
it backward instead of opening it In the
usual manner; he might remove the up
per sash and leave the lower one un
touched, and, after all, ring out his
own sentence of death by putting his
foot on the wrong plank or his hand
on the wrong spot of a door lock.
And a very strong electric current
might even be made to execute that
sentence on the spot. British Juries
have fined sotne game fanciers for sur
rounding their parks with trap guns,
but few lawyers would undertake to
dispute a man's right to protect a safe
In bis private office with electrocution
arrangements.
Doge will, indeed, soon cease to claim
pre-eminence as the "most useful of
man's dumb friends," and will have
no chance of competition If somebody
should invent a noiseless windmill
pump. With rubber and pneumatic ap
pliances the realization of that project
Is far from impossible, and the same
machine that pumps the well water
could be made to operate all sorts of
other labor-saving apparatus. In the
model homesteads of the twentieth cen
tury it will pump drainage from sewer
traps Into a cemented manure tank at
the other end of tbe garden. It will
hoist coal from the cellar and sprinkle
the potato patch. With no other ar
rears of work, it will store up power
enough to turn a circular saw. Wood
cutting, the bugbear of our latter-day
youngsters, will thus become a popular
pastime. Our gymnasium teachers
have labored In vain to revive the good
old heroic sport of spear-throwing, and
the muscular effort required to hurl a
leaden bullet through a half-Inch plank
would be apt to sprain the elbow-Joint
ef a giant, but no marksman objects
to th trouble of sticking a bullet in a
rifle and let gunpowder furnish the pro
jectile force. A windmill, turning swift
ly and silently all night, could accumu
late the equivalent of a small steam
engine' power exerted for an hour and
a haf, or enough to cut a cord of oak
wood; and Laiy Jim, with all hi deep
rooted dread of bucksaw, would vol
unteer to push In th stick and enjoy
the fun of seeing the machine perform
the bard part of the task.
NO MORE STAIRS TO CLIMB.
Th earroat of the atmosphere,
working free for those who know how
to hameaathem, oeuld even be hitched
to a plow, bat it to doubtful if tbe fasv
Br father ef tb future wffl think it
wla atea
mestlc elevator. Climbtnf a flight ot
stairs is to millions the f,y avatabk
substitute for mountain climbing, the
best of all known forms of sanitary ex
ercise; and a modern physfcian went s
far as to advise a dysp -pile friend t.
rent a hill-top house, and select a loca
tion at least a mile and a half from tht
next street car line.
Preventions of that sort wsuld Insure
a sufficient share of outdoor work t
counteract a possible excess of seden
tary occupations, but it is net probable
that well-to-do city dwellers of the fu
ture will go out of their way to attend
public lectures. Mass meeting halls of
all kinds are being recognized aa cen
ters of distribution for the germs of
lung complaints, and the time is near
when improved telephones will con
nect opera houses, lecture platforms
and academic auditoriums with thou
sands of private residences. Popular
orators will then be enabled to address
practically unlimited audit nees. for clev
er elocutionists even now develop a
talent for repeating the words whlcL
the magic wire whispers in their ear.
A. D. 1950 every neighborhood of a
civilized city will have a fe proxy
speakers of tha kind, and Architect
A will Invite a dozen friends to "heat
our accomplished oratorical Middle-man
B echo Prof. C lecture on the fortifica
tions of the artificial islands of the
lakes of Mars."
Concerts can hardly be redistributed
In that manner, but the telephone wires
can; a dozen members of the game
household may enjoy the advantage of
drinking in melodies unmarred by the
cackle of an opera audience. '
LIFB IN THE OPEN.
In a climate of less oppressive sum
mers our West Indian neighbors keep
under the awnings of their domestic
health resorts every dry night from
May till November men, women and
young children, thousands of whom
know catarrh only from hearsay and
if familiarity with those facts should
deliver us from the cure of the night
air superstition the enormous expense
of the Spanish war may, after all.
prove a profitable investment. '
Terrace roofs and ice air radiators
will re-establish the summer season in
its natural prestige as the happiest
time of the year, and reduce the mor
tality of large cltl- s t cast one-th.rd.
House builders seem also to have re
discovered the fact that architectural
shams are unprofitable, as well aa un-
beautlful. Our hideous plaster ceilings,
with their liability to crumble and soil,
will soon be superseded by vanished
woodwork, and it may be doubted if the
decorators of the coming century will
prefer perishable (and often poisonous)
tapestries to the enduring wainscots of
the mediaeval mansions.
Tawdry ornaments wilt be discarded.
but oriel windows and leaf-screened
balconies will multiply and restore
some of the sanitary blessings of which
indoor life has deprived our city dwell
ers. Largest Bunch of Islands.
The number of Islands which com
prise the Philippine group is to this
day not definitely known. Some years
ago it was estimated that about 1.200
islands would cover the number, but
now discoverers fay that tBere are at
least 2,000 of them. New ones are con
stantly being added to the map. Some
members of this vast archipelago, as
ell as the more remote districts in
the larger islands lying beyond the di
rect control of the Spanish, have never
been explored.
Even the regions governed by the
Europeans are still but Imperfectly
known, and up to date no methodical
nd detailed study of the Philippines
has been made. The maps and charts
vogue today are exceedingly defec- t
live, except for the seaboard. In the
survey of which the leading maritime
nations have co-operated.
Out of tbe estimated number of t,tH
islands, those known aa the principal
ones are Luzon, Mindanao, Paragua,
Samar, Panay, Mlndoro, Leyte, Nebros,
Cebu, Mas bate, Bobol, Cantanduaties,
Poltllo, Marlnduque, Tables, Murias and
Tlcao.
Think of it 17 islands out of 2,000!
Luzon, the largest, ha an rea of
about 41.000 square miles; Mindanao, tbe
next, about 37,500 square miles; and th
five next in sice have an area of over
10,000 square miles each. The most re
liable estimate places tbe aggregate
land area of the entire group at 114,35
square miles, or equal to the area of
Arizona. There remains yet to be ex
plored an aggregate of nearly 27,000
square miles. Luzon, upon which the
city of Manila Is located, is equal In
area to the state of Virginia.
The coast line of all tbe islands la
very irregular and broken, the ocean
cutting in and forming many gulfs,
bays, isthmuses and peninsulas. There
are long stretches of canal and pas
sages between the Islands, but these are
not always navigable. Although situ
ated In the region adapted to the
growth of coral, the scarcity of this
formation la accounted for by tbe pres
ence of volcanic Area and the occasional
deluge of hot water, which prevent the
growth of the polyps.
The constant change In the number ot
Islands is due to the frequent eruptions
of active volcanoes, with which the
Island are said. to be Infested.
The Mayon, in Luzon, for Instance, I
an active volcano over 1,200 foot high.
It ha been th scene of several ersp
tton during th present century.
Detroit Free Pre: Aa Ohio minister
has been And by bto iiiagti tlon be
cause be saM la a araon that raja.
bows xit4 before tb flood. Any at
traction, earthly or oeteetlal, that tat,
date tb UmmrnTT of Ohio doat go
la that atata,
SHIP "STATE OF TEXAS"
THE PART IT PLAYED IN
CUBAN CAMPAIGN.
THE
f It Had Not Boo.i Forthe Supplies
Donated By the People of the West
OurSoldlers would Have Starved
World-Herald.
George Kennan's wonderful trip
through Siberia marked him as a man
A adventurous spirit, and his chron
icles of that great journey stamped
him as a writer whose descriptive
powers have not been excelled hy any
modern writer. The news that he h.u
written a book about Cuba and the
war will be hailed with delight by
thousands, who know that he will prive
them facts unbiased by prejudice. Mr.
Kennan's book is entitled, "Cam
paigning In Cuba" (the Century com
pany), and while it contains a descitp
tlon of the military work In that island,
its primary object is to give In detail
the work of the Red Cross during the
war with Spain.
Mr. Kennan was one of Miss Clara
Barton's assistants during the war,
and was with the ship State of Texas,
which carried the Red Croes supplies
to Cuba. "Campaigning in Cuba" will,
therefore, have a double interest for
the people of Nebraska, Western Iowa
and South Dakota, for the reason that
over one-half of the Btate of Texas'
cargo was donated by themselves. The
State of Texas carried 1.400 tons of sup
piles In the shape of foods and medi
cines, and of this amount &00 tons were
donated by the people of Nebraska
Western Iowa and South Dakota. The
departure of the train bearing the
goods donated to the World-Herald's
Cuban Relief bureau will never be
forgotten, carrying as It did the prac
tical sympathy of a people to another
people, starving while fighting for lib
erty. "Campaigning In Cuba" tells In
detail the work of distributing the sup
plies carried by the ship State of
Texas.
The supplies on that ship were In
tended for the starving Cuban recon
centrados, but the Cubans received
comparatively little of them most of
them were used to feed soldiers who
would have starved to death If left to
the tender mercies of the Incompetent
commissary department. It is Interest
ing to note that three weeks after the
surrender of Santiago and the occupa
tion of that city by American troops
the supplies on board the State of
Texas were being distributed to rol
dlers who were actually suffering for
food and unable to secure it from th
commissary department. In the
trenches before Santiago supplies from
the State of Texas were distributed to
the soldiers, and in the hospital a)
Siboney the only medical suppuWc . i
hand were those furnished by the Red
Cross steamer. The army medical de
partment was hopelessly lost Tbe
army surgeons were on hand, but they
had neither medicines nor bandages,
save those carried by the soldiers as
"first injury" help. Mr. Kennan's
story Is of absorbing Interest.
Ten days after war with Spain was
declared Mr. Kennan was engaged by
the editors of the Outlook to go to
Cuba with Miss Barton, He left Wash
ington on May 5 and the next day
reached Key West, where the State cf
Texas was stationed, waiting for the
fleet to sail to Cuba. Miss Barton's
plan to sail ahead of the fleet and
trust to tfci shelter of the Red Cross
to protect her and the valuable cargo
was vetoed by the powers that
were. That this was wise
was demonstrated afterward
when Spanish sharpshooters ignored
the Red Cross flag and fired upon the
ambulance bearers during the fights at
Caney and San Juan. Also, It was be
lieved that the Spanish authorities
would confiscate the cargo and feed
their soldiers. Miss Barton Joined the
State of Texas on April 29. While wait
ing for the fleet to sail the State of
Texas fed a large number of prisoners
on board the many prizes anchored at
Key West, and Mr. Kennan recounts
many Interesting stories, some amus
ing, some pathetic, of experiences In
this line of work. He notes that the
crew of the prize schooner "Poer of
God,, was made up of tbe most murder
ous looking lot ot pirates Imaginable.
On June 14 Shaffer sailed for Cuba, and
the State of Texas was on its way at
last. In due time the ship ar
rived oft Santiago. After lying
off Santiago for several days It was
decided to go to Guantanamo bay,
where Captain McCalla had opened
communications with General Perex
of the Cuban army. The day after the
arrival at Guantanamo word came of
the fight at Ouaslmas and tbe State of
Texas hastened back to Siboney. The
Btate of Texas arrived at Siboney on
Sunday, June 26, at p. m, Tbe
wounded men were arriving from the
front In large numbers, and Miss Bar
ton at once tendered Dr. Winter, the
surgeon In charge, cots, blankets and
hospital supplies. Dr. Winter refused
them and would not even allow the
four trained nurses on board to at
tend to the wounded men. As a result
the four nurses turned their attention
to the wounded Cubans. The result
was that the temporary hospital of the
American soldier remained filthy and
reeking with stenches, wblle the build
ing occupied by the Cuban was soon
a clean a soap, water and lime could
make tt.
Mr. Kennan' description of the Held
hospital after th battle of El Caney
and laa Joan la enough to mak Amer
ican Mood boll with Indignation. Tbe
story tell of criminal careless neos,
oTbaiaal Incoennetence and criminal
rottianaw, Tb surgeon la charge of
tb bnalUI bad neither medicine nor
bandage. They were forced to opeiat
uy me light or sputtering candles, am
when a man had been operated upon b
was laid on the rain-soaked ground
half naked, and left without attention
1 he soldiers had discarded most ol
their clothing during the fight, and
when they were brought to the flel 1
hospital there were no blankets fot
them, no provisions, no medicines-
nothing but the knife, the rain-soaked
ground and despair. A few medical
supplies were carried from the State of
Texas, twelve miles away, by Mr. Ken
nan and another gentleman over a road
almost Impassable. This supply wa
soon exhausted and no more could be
obtained because there was not the
least provision made far transportation
It was a wild and hopeless tangle from
first to last. As a sample o the horrors
of this field hospital the following 1b
quoted from Mr, Kennan's book;
In another tent, a short distance
away. I found a smooth-faced
American soldier about 30 years of
age who had been shot in the head,
and also wounded by a fragment of
a shell In the body. He was naked
to the waist and his whole right
side from the armpit to the hip had
turned a purplish blue color from
the bruising blow of the shell.
Blood had run down from under the
bandage around his head and bad
then dried, completely covering his
swollen face and closed eyelids with
a dull red mask. Un this had set
tled a swarm of fles, which he was
too weak to brush away or in too
much pain to notice. I thoURht at
first that he was dead; but when I
spoke to him and offered him water
he opened his bloodshot, fly-encircled
eyes, looked at me for a mo
ment in a dull, agonized way and
then closed them and faintly shook
his head. Whether he lived or died
I do not know.
Mr. Kennan's description of the
work In the field Hospital is an Indict
ment of the Incompetents who are re
, "Ponslble for so much of the suffering
of the soldiers. He says:
Of course the wounded who had
been operated upon, or the Kreater
part of them, hud to lie out all
nlEht on the water-soaked ground;
snd In order to appreciate ihe suf
fering they endured the reader
mum try to Imagine the conditions
and the environment. It rained in
torrents there almost every after
noon for a period of from ten min
utes to half an hour, and the
ground, therefore was usually
water-sosked snd soft. All the
time It aid not rain the sun shone
with a fierceness of heat that I
have seldom seen equalled, and yet
at nlKht It grew cold and damp so
rapidly as to necessitate the put
ting on of thicker clothing or a
light overcoat. Many of the
wounded soldiers, who were
brought to the hospital from a dis
tance of three miles in a Jolting
ambulance or an army wagon, had
lost their upper clothing at the
bandaging station Just back of the
battle line, where the field surgeons
had stripped them in order to ex
amine or treat their wounds. They
arrived there, consequently, half
naked, and without either rubber
of woolen blankets; and as the very
limited hospital supply of khlrts
and blankets had been exhausted,
there was nothing to clothe or
cover them with The tents set
apart for wounded soldiers were
already full to overflowing, and all
that a iil'er squad rould do with a
man when they lifted him from the
operating table on . Friday night
was to carry htm away and iay
him, weak and shaken from agony
under the surgeon's knife and
probe; here he had to He in the
high, wet grass, with no one to look
after h'm. and no pillow under his
head. Whet he suffered In the long
hours of the damp, chilly night I
know, because I saw him. and
scores more like him; but the
reader who can get an Idea of It
only through the medium of words,
can hardly Imagine It. When the
sun rose Saturday morning, the
sufferings of the wounded who had
lain out alt night In the grass were
Intensified rather than relieved,
because with sunphlne came In
tense heat, thirst and surgical
fever. An attempt was made to
protect some of them by making
awnings .and thatched roofs of
bushes and poles; but about 7
o'clock ambulances and wagons
loaded with wounded began to ar
rive from the battle line, and the
whole hospital forte turned its at
tention to them, leaving the suf
fering men in the grass to the care
of the ramp cooks and the few
slightly wounded soldiers, who, al
though In pain themselves, could
still hobble about, carrying hard
bread and water to their com
pletely disabled and gasping com
rades. The scenes of Saturday
were like those of the previous day,
but with added details of misery
and horror. Many of the wounded,
brought in from the extreme right
flank of the army at Caney, had
had nothing to eat or drink In more
than twenty-four hours, and were
In a state of extreme exhaustion.
Some, who had been hot through
the mouth or neck, were unable to
swallow, and we had to push a
rubber tube down through the
bloody froth that filled their
throats, and pour water Into their
stomachs through that. A
more splendid exhibition of pa
tience, uncomplaining fortitude and
heroic self-control than that pre
sented by these wounded men the
world has never reen Many of
them, as appeared from their
chalky faces, gasping breath, and
bloody vomiting, were In the last
extremity of mortal agony; but 1
did not hear a groan, a murmur, or
a complaint once an hour.
After the destruction of Cervera's
fleet the State of Texas was accorded
the honor of leading the procession Into
the bay of Santiago. Mr. Kennan's
description of the splendid work of re
lief performed by Miss Barton and her
assistants Is thrilling, and a reading
therof will amply repay the donors to
the World-Herald s Cuban relief bureau
for all their sacrifices and hard
work. Thousands of starving Cubans,
Spaniards and even foreign residents of
Santiago were fed at the Red Cross
soup stations, and for three weeks the
soldiers of the union were compelled in
large measure to depend upon the Btate
of Texas for provisions other than fat
bacon and hardtack, and were depend
ent altogether upon the Red Cross
steamer for medical supplies. Four
week after the State of Texas entered
tbe bay soldiers were compelled to walk
from three to five mile to th steamer
and carry back medical supplies in
their hand. The men charged with
tbe duty of supplying those thlnga were
helploaa and total failaras, and neither
vppilea nor traaopertatioa far wpMe
A readta off Mr. Koa-
nan's bock will reveal that over two
!hlrds of the supplies Intended for the
Cuban reconcentrados were given to
American soldiers, w ho had been prac
tically deserted by their superior of
ficers charged with the duty of suppy
ing them with food and medicines.
What might have happened to the army
of Invasion had the State of Texas been
loot Is horrible to contemplate, for Hs
cargo tided tbe soldiers over. Mr.
Kennan says:
The Red Cross furnished food In
bulk to 32.000 half-starved people
In the first five days after .Santiago
surrendered, and in addition therto
fed 10.0UO people every day in the
soup kitchens managed by Mr.
Nichelson. I do not wish to make
any unjust or Invidious compari
sons, but I cannot refrain from say
ing, nevertheless, that I did not hap
pen to see any t'nited States quar
termaster In Cuba who. In the short
space of five days, had unloaded
and stored 1.400 tons of cargo, given
hot soup daily to 10.0UO soldiers and
supplied an army of 3:1,000 men with
ten days' rations. It is a record,
I think, of which Miss Barton has
every reason to be proud. But her
beneficent work was not confined
to the mere feeding of the hungry
In Santiago. Hhe sent large quanti
ties of cereals, canned goods and
hospital supplies to our own sol
diers in the camps on the adjacent
hills, she furnished medicines and
food for sick and wounded to the
Spanish prison camp as well as to
the Fpanlsh army hospital, the civil
hospital and the children's hospital
in the city; she directed Dr. Soyoso
of her medical staff to open ft clinic
and dispensary, where five surgeons
and two nurses gave medical or sur
gical aid to more than 3.O00 sick or
sickening people every day; she sent
hundreds of tuns of Ice from the
schooner Morse to the hospitals, the
camps and the transports going
north with sick and wounded sol
diers; she put up tents to shelter
fever-stricken Spanish prisoners
from the tropical sunshine while
they were waiting to be taken on
board the vessels that were to carry
them back to Spain; snd In every
way possible, and with all Ihe facili
ties that she had. she tried to alle
viate the suffering CAUSED HY
N EC i I, KCT, IX CO MP ET E N C B,
FAMINE AND WAR.
The splendid work of the Red Cross,
the immense good done by the supplies
on board the State of Texas, and the
knowledge that Nebraskan. Iowans
and South Dakotans gave the larger
share of the stores, will be a sweet
memory while those who donated of
heir goods shall live.
"Campaigning In Cuba" is a wonder
fully Interesting book. At another
time the World-Herald will refer to
what It has to say of the management
of the war in Cuba Mr. Kennan can
not be accused of sensationalism or of
prejudice What he says will carry
weight, and what he has said of Ibe
management of the war will arouse
the Indignation of a people whose son
were the victims of outrageous neglect
and criminal carelessness.
Blind Girl Given Rabbit's Eyee.
The operation on the eyes of a blind
Irl In Minneapolis, performed by C. H.
Kohler, in which was Involved the
transfer of parts of a living rabbit's
eyes to the blind sockets of tbe girl.
has been pronounced a success, and it
is believed the girl's slisht will be re
stored. She had been blind I n one evA
for fifteen years, and totally blind for
six years.
The transference of the eye of an an
imal to the socket of a human being to
restore sight has been one of the
dreams of surgery. As far as appear
ances go the operation has been suc
cessfully performed a number of times;
the eye usually that of a rabbit grew
Into place, and the muscles united, but
never was the patient able to see. It
was a beUer substitute than a glass
eye, but of no more use as far as vision
goes. The optic nerve of the .human
being and tbe animal refuse to make
practical connection.
In the case of Dr. Kohler s patient it
was not necessary to substitute the
whole of the rabbit s eye. The patient,
a young woman about 30 years old,
whose home !a In North Dakota, lost
the sight of one eye fifteen years ago.
Soon after the other eye was attacked
sympathetically. Every effort was
made to arrest the progress of the dis
ease, but without avail, and six years
ago the young woman resigned herself
to absolute, and, as the dostors told
her, hopeless blindness.
When Dr. Kohler resolved on the des-
ptrsle expedient of the rabbit's eye he
called in a number of other physician
and surgeons and asked them for their
views. Almost without exception they
pronounced it useless, but admitted
that the attempt could do no harm. It
was decided to operate on the eye that
had been blind for fifteen years. The
patient was carefully prepared for the
operation, thori both the woman and
the animal were put under the Influence
of chloroform. Special instruments had
been constructed with which to excise
the eyes. The whole front of the dis
eased member was then removed. The
corresponding part from the rabbit's
eye was stubBtltuted for the excised
portion; the lid was carefully pullled
over and the eye was bandaged so that
there could be no motion of the lid and
no light could penetrate to the wound
ed organ.
For a week the doctors waited. Then
they made an examination. To all ap
pearances the original and the grafted
portion pf the eye had united perfectly
and the girl could distinguish light from
dark. She was not permitted to test
her vision for the time being.
The success has been so signal that
the second eye was Immediately oper
ated on. It was In much worse condl.
tlon, and nearly the whole eye had to
be removed and the rabbit's eye substi
tuted. A yet no examination of the second
eye has been made, lest the healing pro.
ceaa be Interfered with. The surgeon
caa barely contain their Impatience.
Tbe operating ourgeon believes that tbe
race will be equally signal, and the
doctor who were so doubtful are now
f!? aoeea of both opera tloas
aai aeclaei th girt will too.
J - l -if .. 3, '." i
