if
CSU"I OF T11E VOaK
Ha To B Blamed So Much For That Which It Failed to Do, But For
What It Has DonaA Comprehensive Review.
btaay Mama tht Fifty-fifth congress
for that which it has (ailed to do; we
blame it (or what It has done. Chosen
at the end of a bitter campaign fought
c-n the currency issue, and In which the
tariff question was quite overshadowed,
niajr thought that such congress
would at once take under consideration
the monetary question with a view to
remodelling our currency system upon
the gold basis, which, in the estimation
of the banking cliques who bad sup
piled a goodly part of the sinews of the
republican campaign, meant a general
retirement of the national currency,
greenbacks and treasury notes and a
substitution of bank currency, (or. It
was said, the banks are alone in po
sition to so regulate the exchanges as
to protect our gold reserves. Now it
must be remembered that we were hav
ing no end of trouble with our gold re
serves and that the national govern
ment was being put to great expense
to keep our gold reserves intact and
maintain gold payments. Indeed we
had been propping up the gold stand
ard by a series of bond Issues. Without
the support of such props the gold
standard would have collapsed.
Such was the situation. AH this was
vividly before men's minds when the
Fifty-fifth congress was chosen. There
was unquestionably a great attraction
(or eur gold In Europe an attraction
so strong that it flowed there in great
quantities, causing untold anxieties to
those who thought that everything
would go to rack and ruin in America
should gold payments be suspended.
The question that welled up in many
minds was how to put a stop to this
attraction. The wise men In the finan
cial centers answered that the banks
had the power, that the government
had no power to protect Its gold re
serve, that the safety of the gold stand
ard demanded that the issue and regu
lation of our currency be handed over
to the banks and the responsibility
for the maintenance of the gold stand
ard placed upon them. Men said that
the flow of gold from our shores to
Europe was due to redundancy of our
currency. Said redundancy kept prices
too high In America, though, indeed,
or producers were inclined to think
they were much too low. But too high
old. So said the wise men and fur
ther added that the government was
powerless to make our redundant cur
rency any the less so and so put down
prices. Indeed, even If the government
had the power to contract and expand
the currency It would not know when
to use it, not having Its hand on the
pulse of trade and commerce. Only the
banks were in position to feel such
pulse, therefore only the banks were
ft ted to regulate the volume of our
currency and such regulation ought to
be given to them. Thus argued the
banking and speculative cliques. If the
banks had the control over the currency
and were responsible for the mainte
nance of gold payments. It was said,
they would have the power to put a
stop to the attraction of our gold to
Surope and they would have to exer
cise It. For under such conditions gold
would be withdrawn from their vaults
and they could not afford to have their
fold reserves seriously depleted, so they
would have to put a stop to It. And
bow? By calling In their loans, raising
the rate of Interest, contracting the
currency. Thus would men borrowing
money be forced to realize on their
property. Thus would prices be forced
down, and leading foreigners to pur
chase more liberally of our goods. This
the banks would have to continue forc
ing until the balance of trade was
turned so much in our favor as to stop
the flow of gold to Europe or even at-,
tract gold to our shores.
REPUBLICAN POSITION ON THE j
CURRENCY QUESTION.
Such was the theory of the pronounc
ed gold men. such the ground upon
which they based their contention for
the retirement of our national currency
nd the substitution of bank notes
therefor. Moreover they contended
that the republican party was in duty
bound to put this plan In force, for
the campaign of 1896 was fought on the
currency issue, the republican party
was pledged to the preservation of the
gold standard and the only way to
Dimly establish our currency upon the
fold basts was after the above man
ner. After this manner did the gold
men, especially the democratic allies
of the republicans, argue. They were
Insistent, they reproached the republic
ans with failure to carry out their
pledges, they cannot forgive the Fifty
fifth congress for its failure to take up
this matter. But in all fairness were
not these pledges rather Implied than
actual, for the position of the repub
lican party during the campaign of 1S8
and on the currency question was dis
tinctively a negative one.
"We wfb not open the mints to free
silver coinage, unless it be by Interna
tional agreement which we know to be
Impossible, but which harmless quali
fying words we may add to please our
western trends." run was tne prime
pledge of the republican party. It was
not to reframe our currency system by
canceling the greenbacks and substitut
ing national bank notes, but to keep
the mints closed to free silver coinage.
True, the party was ?lt!ei 10 preserve
the gold standard ana tne oniy way to
honestly keep this pledge, men said,
was to reframe our currency system In
this way for this was the way and the
only way to firmly establish the gold
standard. And the force of this rea
soning we admit. Republicans are now
coming generally to recognize it. as
Secretary Gage has recognised it from
the beginning, and the next congress
la expected to act upon mis tneory,
But this reasoning did not Impress
itwif unon the leading republican mem
bora of the Fifty-fifth congre or else
they did not judge It politic to accept
M. At any rate they did not act upon
this surrency theory. Then, too. Pres
ident McKlnley was most lukewarm
ad indirect In pressing It. Conse
aimillr the whole matter was shunned
a the easiest way of getting rid of a
troublesome question. Beside, trade
additions have been such as to make
foasfble tbo temporary banishing of
tM subject. Three years of bumper
Sds In America and three years of on
whole deficient crops In the rest of
lbs world have opened the way to a
Hal expansion of our export trade and
a) b tiding up of trade balances In our
fever go great as not only to enable us
hp aa oar current debts, but to at
' tract aoM to our shores. So of late
mm ha had bo trouble with our cur
f icy Bat. complains the gold
A isoianr ana xinarea press, we u
t & baprevldent. W are letting slip
i wtanitle to pot oar house In order;
i will com again to find us un--ared.
The ran shine and there
t need to men our leaky roof; tbo
t falls, wo hare Mod of a sound
hat eary at groat expense can the
I r tacabei. aa4 therefor un
1 Cm moot fax AM so bar
M - t f wraxa swea pouresi to
OF THE LAST CONGRESS
Thus In the matter of reforming our
currency system the Fifty-fifth con
gress showed no constructive ability
er, perhaps, we should say, no inclina
tion to undertake the Job. Be it here
said moreover that republicans In that
congress were far from agreeing at
first that any reforming of our cur
rency system was required or desirable.
Leading republicans, and among them
Mr. Dingley, had declared that the root
of our currency troubles lay in defi
ciency of revenues. Upon this same
key had Mr. McKlnley played during
the campaign, and it was en this key
that one of the chief arraignments of
Mr. Cleveland's administration was
strung. Of the greenbacks as an end
less chain drawing gold out of the
treasury Mr. Cleveland had spoken. Re
publicans rejoined that the treasury de
ficits set the endless chain in motion,
that its working depended upon treas
ury deficiencies. The treasury borrows
gold, said Mr. Cleveland. redeems
greenbacks and at once pays out such
greenbacks to again become available
for presentation for redemption in gold.
So is there an endless chain. There
is redemption wKhout payment. But,
said the republican leaders, increase
revenues until the deficit In monthly
receipts is made up and the chain will
be broken. For then there would be
nothing for which to pay out the
greenbacks redeemed with gold and
such grenebacks or their equivalent In
some other kind of currency would He
piled up In the treasury after redemp
tion be withdrawn from circulation. If
this had been the situation, said these
republican leaders, the bond Issues that
Mr. Cleveland made would have served
to permanently contract the currency,
cured its redundancy and stopped the
demand for gold for export. And thus
would one bond issue perhaps have
served to do what four failed to do
because of the treasury deficits.
So It was argued that after all the
currency question was a revenue ques
tion, and so the republicans of the
Fifty-fifth congress resolved to treat
It. As the months have passed a dis
position to treat K otherwise, treat It
by direction and not Indirection, retire
the greenbacks from circulation not In
the haphazard way of piling them up
in the treasury, a way which can give
no assurance of the permaneace of
their retirement, but by cancelling and
destroying them, has sprung up, and
this disposition has grown Into a deter
mination. But we have to pick up the
thread wher the Fifty-fifth congress
took It up.
THE SPECIAL SESSION.
Almost the first act of President Mc
Klnley was to call this congress in
special session to build higher the tariff
and provide for meeting the treasury
deficits, and so solve the currency ques
tion by cutting the endless chain. In
the middle of March, 189. It met, and
for four months struggled with the
problem. It was the policy of th re
publican leaders to bold down congress
during the special session to the consid
eration of this one subject. To this end
the hous, after sending up a tariff bill
to the senate, waited upon Its oars in
inaction, perfunctorily meeting every
third day only to go through the form
of adjourning. This was kept up for
the better part of three months until
the senat had passed the bill.
The senate also gave some time to
the discussion of Cuban affairs, passing
a resolution recognizing the Insurgents
as belligerents, of which resolution,
however, the house, or rather the lead
ers of the house, refused to take any
notice. Aside from passing the bill all
the house did was to pass a few belated
appropriation bills that the preceding
congress had failed to act upon.
THE DINGLEY TARIFF AS A PRO
TECTOR OF MONOPOLY.
But as to the tsrlff. For six weeks
th senate committee on finance con
sidered it, for six weeks it was before
the senate. The .alms, at least the
avowed aims, of its framers and cham
pions were two. First, to Increase the
revenues so as to meet expenditures,
and second, to extend protection so as
to better secure to American producers
our home markets. But the tariff pass
ed was far from what a proteolre tar
iff ought to be. It was a tariff protec
tive of monopoly, not aimed to encour
age domestic competition. No trust
was forgotten. Over the sugar sched
ule the fight, perhaps, was hottest The
outcome was to increase the differential
duty on refined sugar, that Is the duty
in excess of the duty Imposed on the
raw sugar entering into the production
of the refined and so Increase the pro
tection extended to the Sugar Trust.
And in such case Such protective duty
but enables the monopoly to put up the
price for its product and so lay tribute
on the general public. It serves no
other purpose. But the Dingley tariff
Is full of such duties, so full that it may
fairly be said to be a monopoly, not a
protective, tariff.
A protective tariff ought to conserve
the Interests of consumers as well as
producers. If It does not do thl It Is
a failure. The theory of a true pro
tective tariff is that by encouraging
the development of our natural re
sources and stimulating competition it
will bring down and not lift prices. Fur
ther, It Is calculated to secure to the
producer of raw materials, of food
stoffs and textiles, better prices for
their products by offering them nearer
markets and so cutting down the ex
pense of marketing. But the Dingley
tariff I not built on this theory. It is
not built to encourage competition, for
it extend Its protection to monopoly.
And thl condition Is not accidental.
Particular care was taken that It should
be extended. When an amendment was
offered In the senate providing for the
suspension of the protectlr duty on
any prtc' ict on proof that th produc
tion or distribution of such product was
monopolized by a trust or combine, the
fact to be determined by Jifdlclal pro
cedure at th Instance of'any one con
rrnd before a United State court,
such amendment was voted down. Thu
th republican of the senate went on
r.rnrd as desirous of building a monop
oly tariff while affairs were so dextroue-
ly managed in tn nouse inai me pre
sentation of uch an amendment and
the making of such straight record wa
avoided.
And since this tariff ha been on the
statute books the forming of trust and
combine ha been going on at an ever
accelerating speed. "While all the In
dustrie are making great progress,"
ay the New York Tribune, "the In
dustry of stock, manufacture canity
surpssses all other. Men talk of pro
duction reaching a million tons of pig
Iron worth $11,008,000 In a month, or the
manufacture of 60.000,000 pound of wool
monthly info "Iotn worth $15,000, OK) or
more, but what Is this compared with
the creation of tM.M0.0M of Industrial
stock aad bond la two months T" For
this la the record for the first two
month of its. And in the whole year
of MM the capital of the Industrial
treats formed was hat Wtjmjm aad
this was a larger creatlaa thaa th
year before.
Thu does th creation of trusts In
crease at an ever accelerating rate and
ha since the passing of the Dingley
tsrlff. But to lay the forming f such
trusts at th door of that tariff would
pot be fair. The true foundation of
the prosperity of such trusts u not
tariff discrimination at the customs
houses but discrimination in their fa
vor in the matter of railroad rate tar
iffs, and the great temptation to their
forming at the present time Is that In
the present state of the stock markets
it offers a way for the disposal of in
dustrial plants at more than value. For
be It understood that the creation of
trusts with an aggregate capital of $1,
100.000.000 In two months doe not mean
that property of such value has been
turned over to such trusts, much k-ss
thatsny such sum of money has been
paid into the trust treasuries. It prob
ably means that properties of perhaps
half such value have been handed over
to the trusts, that in exchange therefor
the original holders have received e
curities, two dollars of securities for
one dollar' worth of property, and If
they can sell such securities, and the
market In its present speculative fever
offers the opportunity, they have old
their property for double value.
Such, then, u e tne great stimulants
to the creation ot trusts and they have
nothing to do with the Dingley tariff.
But if the tariff had been amended so
that the forming of trusts would be
followed by a removal of all tariff pro
tection from the products thereof such
tariff would have constituted a hin
drance to their forming. But It was as
a monopoly tariff that it was built and
s a monopoly tariff it has not failed.
MAKING WAR.
When congress met in regular session
In December, 1897, war was anticipated
by few. Th president and the repub
lican leaders in congress were opposed
to the taking of any effective steps
toward securing the Independence or
Cuba. And though sympathy for Cur
bans was strong on the republican side
of the house, as well as on the demo
cratic, there was no Indication of any
breaking away from party lines on the
part of the republicans. As the days
passed and the horrors being perpe
trated In Cuba were spread before the
American people with greater accuracy
and detail the demand that congress
take some action to put a stop to what
amounted to a diabolical plan lor ex
terminating the people of Cuba gather
ed force. Still, the president held back.
He seemed to harbor ome plan by
which, with the full consent and ap
proval of Spain, we might Intervene In
Cuba, put a stop to the hostilities, dis
arm the insurgents, put down the re
bellion and set up some sort of an au
tonomist government under Spanish
sovereignty. Then came the blowing up
of the Maine. The American people
maintained much self-control, there
was no Indiscriminate demand for the
wreaking of vengeance, if w should
go to war It would be on higher ground
than that, be for th liberation of a
people, be for the upllftment of down
trodden humanity. But the disaster to
the Maine turned all eyes upon Cuba,
It turned a searchlight upon conditions
there, and with the full knowledge of
such conditions came the insistent de
mand that Spain should be obliged to
surrender a sovereignty she had so
abused. Thus did the sinking of the
Maine make war inevitable: let. us hope
made Cuba free that over the graves
of the heroes of the Maine may be
reared an imperishable monument,
more Imperishable than sculptured
granite: 'They died that Cuba might
be free." Then congref s voted a de
fense fund of fifty millions. But still
the president held back, hoped that
something short of Cuban independence
might suffice. But congress knew noth
ing short of this would suffice, the
whole country demanded this and noth
ing lees. And under this pressure party
lines held no longer, congress broke
away from the president, it refused to
follow him In any equivocal course. He
asked for authority to intervene in
Cuba, us the forces of the United
States to pacify the island and estab
lsh a stable government. Did this in
dicate an Intent of the president to
strike a middle course, to lay out the
form of an autonomous government, of
an agreement for the suspension of
hostilities and then. If need be. use the
forces of the United States to require
Spanish and Cubans to accept such
government? Congress was In no hu
mor to blindly follow the president. If
the president would not declare explic
itly what he meant, what he proposed
to do. It would declare what the coun
try proposed he should do. And so
congress explicitly declared that the
United States should Intervene in Cuba
to put an end to Spanish rule and make
Cuba a free and independent state.
HOW THE PROBLEM OR RAISING
WAR FUNDS WAS SOLVED.
Everyone knew the passing of such
resolution meant war. It was meant
to mean war, and was promptly ac
cepted as such. But congress duly fol
lowed it with a formal declaration. War
thus precipitated, congress lost no time
In authorizing the president to enlist
an army under provisions of acts pre
viously passed, to build the military
machine to carry out the will of con
gress and In appropriating money for
its support. This done, congress turn
ed its attention to the problem of rais
ing money to meet the expenditures It
authorized. And then congress could
no longer work in harmony. Repub
licans were bent on raising the needed
funds by selling bonds and by raising
and imposing taxes of the kind that
rest more heavily upon the poor than
the rich. Democrats, on the other hand,
opposed the issue of bonds, they favor
ed an issue or greenbacks, me coinage
of the seigniorage on the silver tn the
treasury and the Imposition of such
taxes as would fall on men In propor
tion to their means rather than their
needs. Thu they brought forward a
proposition to tax the gross receipts
of corporation, which would have
been a crude, an indirect income tax.
The republican finally had their way.
Bonds to the amount of $400,000,00 and
certificates of Indebtedness without any
specific limit, but never an amount in
excess of $100,000,000 to be outstanding
at any one time, were authorized. Un
der the authority to Issue bonds $200,
000,000 were sold, and the waring hav
ing ceased the power to Issue the re
maining $200,000,000 has by the term of
th authorizing act and by that cessa
tion lapsed. The power to Issue cer
tificate of Indebtedness and which
amounted to authority to anticipate the
collection of revenues to an amount of
$100,000,000, waa not availed of, but un
der th term of th war act doe not
lauae, I contlnuou. Aside from this
congress" provided for the raising by
additional taxation of about tlW.OOO.OOO
a year. To raise thl the beer taxes
were doubled, th tobacco taxes In
creased by 60 per cent, a tax placed
on proprietary articles of all kinds,
patent medicines, eta, aad a custom
duty of 10 cent a pound pat upoa
tea. These tajtes, which are largely
per capita taxes, being taxea on gen
eral consumption, aggregate about
three-fourth of tne war taxea Tb
balaaes of tbo war taxes, stamp tax
oa deeds aad stocks aad sundry daa
aad aa taaeriiance tax aro as a
Juster kind, falling apoa men la ac
cordance with their means.
TUB COOT OP IMPERIAL! Vht.
Such Is th record of the Fifty-fifth
congress, mad during it first two ses
sions. The record it mad In Its last
and third, th ratification of th peace
treaty, the making of provisions (or an
increase o( the army to 109.000 men.
the passage of the navy personnel bill,
the passing of the different appropri
ation bills, to say nothing of the record
of it negative results, o( Its failures,
is too recent to need recalling. It re
mains but to make further note of one
part of the record of this somewhat
remarkable but mediocre congres re
markable In having inaugurated, quite
innocently It may be, a new departure
in national policy leading ua on to what
we fear will be costly, not remunera
tive, fields, and from which withdrawal,
after we awaken from our day dreams
to a realization of the sad reality, as
In time we must, a realization that we
have been extending our dominion,
building an empire In pursuit of a false
god. will be most difficult. And these
costly fields that before our enamoured
eyes appear to glisten with gold, with
opportunities of profit it is their cost
that we desire to make further note.
Before the war JilO.OOO.OOO covered our
total annual expenditures in our na
tional capacKy expenditures of the
postal service inclusive. Now we have
to prepare for making expenditures of
1700,000,000. This Is the first cost of
our new fields that to our eyes, en
amoured of conquest, seem to glisten
with gold, but that we cannot occupy
save at the cost of national degrada
tion. Every bit of wealth we may
wring from an enslaved people, from a
people to whom we say ye are not fit
to govern yourselves, ye know not how
to labor so as to produce most wealth
and therefore It Is our duty to teach
ye bow to labor and our right to tak
the added fruits of your toll, will be
wealth bought at the cost of liberty.
And such wealth, wealth accumulated
by despoiling alien peoples, wealth cen
tered in a few hands and tending to
create a governing oligarchy, w can
not afford to gain.
But R is of the national expenditure
Incurred In taking these distant field
that we would make note. The Fifty
fifth congress at Its second session, that
i. it AMt riiiar Npwsinn. annronrlated
$493,000,000. This money was appropri
ated lor use aunng tne prewruv
,.. Xfunh waa rmr ifir'A 1 1 V aDOrODri-
ated to meet expense during the first
half or tne year oniy, anu mutu i
proprlated was not used. But with th
expiration of such period iich unex
pended appropriations became una
vailable. Before the moneys thereun
j . .n ts rnuii4 h used they
UCI aivjin-", --
had to be appropriated anew. So, tno
congress at us second mvvv
ttiii nnn mm it la not likely that
the total actual expenditure (or th
present fiscal year win exceeu !,.
000. And (or use In the next fiscal year
k.i. niimai of 4ta last session appro
priated $673,000,000. But some of the ap
propriations made win noi umi w
....... k nn1if nro that will be ln-
mcl ... -
curred under authority given by thl
congress. To meet sucn excess ui ex
penditures deficiency appropriation
bills will have to be passed by the next
congress. Of course some of the appro
priations made will not be all used,
but that our total national expenditure
for the fiscal year beginning July 1 next
will foot up to $700,000,000 appear to be
certain. Such may be considered the
cost of our government if we rest con
tent with the present extension of our
colonial empire. And i( we reach out
further, take a slice of China to help
England take another piece and gener
ally strut around with a chip on our
i a- iHviiinv trmihlp. Reeklnsr the
nnuuiuct "
chances to despoil weaker peoples and
entering into rivalry witn sironBer
ples for that poor privilege, a privilege
that many empires have (ought for
and won, but In so doing sown the
seeds of their own decay, dug their own
graves, our expenditures will grow far
beyond $700,000,000 a year grow far
faster than our wealth. The Amer
ican. THE ERA OF TRUSTS.
Troy Standard: So many trusts have
been formed under the laws of New
Jersey that it Is really surprising In
view of Its facilities that that state has
as yet no mosquito net trust.
St. Louis Republic: When the plow
man homeward wends his weary way
these evenings It may Intensify that
tired feeling to realize that the weight
of his burden Is about to be increased
by the formation of a $60,000,OK plow
trust.
Detroit Free Press: By one swift
move of the Tobacco trust there are 260
of Detroit's working people thrown out
of employment. Let any good-hearted
citizen start a factory for the pur-nose
of giving these same people like ork
and he would be financially crushed for
his philanthropic effort. Trusts are
more rapidly approaching absolutism
In the Industrial field than ever before,
yet equal rights to all Is a cardinal
principle In our scheme of government.
Cleveland Plain Dealer: The forma
tion pf these great Industrial combina
tions Is, therefore, not a matter which
concerns only those engaged In the
business, or the Investing public, nor
i- t a mer nupailnn rf nrlce and wage.
it concerns every person In the United
States, for It threatens to Involve the
honesty and security of our political
institutions. The question of trusts and
combines, no matter what name these
combinations may take to evade the
law, will Inevitably become at no dis
tant day the overshadowing political
issue, upon which a new alignment of
parties may perhaps be made.
Bryan In the South.
Birmingham, Ala. (Special) William
J, Bryan spent one day In Birmingham
and was given an enthusiastic reception
by all of the citizen. Not only th
citizens of Birmingham alone, but many
from neighboring cities and towns cam
to hear the great leader talk on the cur
ren Issue of the day.
"What the Lord's supper I to th
Christian, so a Jefferson banquet I t
the democrat Just a a good Christian
would revolt at having the sacrament
administered by an Infidel, so a good
democrat object to a JefTeronlan ban
quet presided over by Perry Belmont."
wa the epigrammatlcal way In which
Mr. Bryan referred to the much-talked-of
banquet which Mr. Belmont and his
follower are to give In New York next
month.
Mr. Bryan waa taken In a special train
all over the Birmingham district and h
njoyed greatly being shown Its won
derful Industrial development A pub
lic reception was given him In ths Mor
ris hotel. At th auditorium h ad
dressed an audience of over 4,000 peo
ple. He spoke for exactly three hoars
and was given marked attention.
An official call has been Issued by
the officers of the United Mine Work
ers of America, calling upon the mem
bership to observe as a holiday April 1
la commemoration of tbo stirM-bow
dar by holding publlo meetings aad
otherwise ainoastratmg tnstr
atlas of thta, their jpesvtaaa
HOUSEHOLD HINTS.
To glaae pastry, brush over with yolk
of egg Just before putting in the oven.
To destroy moss on tree, paint with
whitewash made of quicklime and wood
eshea
To mske a good fish sauce, take ome
plain, thick, melted butter and add a
teaspoonful of mushroom ketchup with
the same quantity of pickled walnut,
chopped finely.
Ring set with valuable stone should
always be taken off when washing the
hands, for the constant soaping dis
color the gems, and also In many
case loosens Mem from their setting.
To keep a kettle clean put a clean
oyster shell or a large marble inside.
These attract all particles of earth and
stone with which the water Is Impreg
nated, and thus save the inside of the
kettle from becoming coated with them.
A delicious orange drink Is made as
follows: Slice three oranges and a
lemon Into a Jug with two ounces of
sugar candy. Pour over this a quart
of boiling water; stir at intervals till
cold. This will make an excellent drink
for your children at a small cost
To keep the baby's little crocheted or
knitted bootees on bis restless feet
fasten them with small safety pin to
hi stockings. These in turn being
fastened in the same way to the napkin,
and thl to the band, keeps all in place.
If you find your salt In th salt bag
as hard as the proverbial "nether mill
stone," don't attempt to pulverize It
with the hammer or potato masher, but,
lifting the bag a foot or two from the
table, drop It down solidly several
times, turning It from side to side until
the contents are again reduced to crys
tals.
To perfectly cook pork chops put In
the pan a tablespoon(ul of lard, and
when hot lay In the chops and then
keep them turning constantly; reduce
the heat as soon a they are browned
on each aide, and cook lowly until
thoroughly done. Do not alt tnem until
Just before serving.
Onion boiled In milk and eaten In th
form of a soup are an excellent remedy
for a cold If taken Juat before retiring,
while onion poultice are Invaluable In
all case of Internal Inflammation, as
well as In attack of sore throat, bron
chitis and pneumonia.
Lover of whipped cream and they
are many will rejoice In the statement
that this delicious froth I more easily
digested than 1 plain cream. So let
there be whipped cream for the straw
berries and the chocolate and the pud
dings. Whipped cream will cover,
sometimes, a multitude of sin. Straw
berries which are small and In appear
ance somewhat inferior, can be served
advantageously in a large bowl with an
abundance of sweetened whipped cream
upon them.
When the hards axe very dirty It is
netter to rub them thoroughly with cold
cream before washing them. Then
wash In warm water, using pure soap
and a nail brush, rinse In cool water
and dry thoroughly on a soft towel.
Two-thirds of all women dry the hands
very Imperfectly, and then wonder why
the skin 1 rough. A few drop of a
good hand lotion should be rubbed all
over the hands and allowed to dry' In
after they have been In water for some
time, a so many housekeepers' hands
must be so often, and always at night.
The hands should not be exposed to
cold air (or some time after they have
been washed.
FEMININE PERSONALS.
An International Congress of wo
men 1 to be held In London In June.
Boston ha a school for the training
of nursemaids. Applicants must be be
tween IS and SO years of age and muat
agree to wear a uniform.
Mme. Nevada, the prima donna, who
was a Miss Wlxora of Nevada, and 1
now Mrs. Palmer, I a god-daughter of
Mr. Mackay.
Mr. Rudyard Kipling, who was Miss
Carolyn Balestler and a sister of Wol
cott Balestler, was born In Rochester,
N. Y., where ber family lived many
year before moving to Brattleboro, Vt
An American girl. Miss Burdlett by
name, hopes to make a good thing out
of the coming Pari exposition. She
has bought the Pompellan house built
about forty years ago by Prince Jerome
Napoleon. The house Is on the Cours la
Reine, and Miss Burdlett proposes to
transform It Into tea and refreshment
rooms for weary sightseer.
Lavlnla Dempsey, the rich New York
woman who Incurred some ridicule at
the time she wa crowned "queen of
the Holland Dames," has written a play
called "Neutral Ground," and at her
own expense will produce It at a Broad
way theater. She will personally su
perintend rehealsal and presentations,
and the proceeds, If any, will go to
charity.
Miss Christine Bradley, daughter odf
the governor of Kentucky, who christ
ened the battleship Kentucky, and who
I still In her teen, I studying law un
der her father' direction and hope
when hi term expire to become hi
law partner. The governor Is tired of
politics, and when be goes out of office,
In less than a year, will leave Kentucky
and open aa office In New York, Cincin
nati or Los Angelea
The Mothers' Congress expects
boom In Its membership owing to ths
exjerlence of Mr. Dubois of South Da
kato. Last year Mrs. Dubois attend
ed th ooagrsae, bat sh was than an
married. While la Washington she
met Bsaator Dubois and a romance be-
whiah ended la a wedding. 0
of this year's delegates
mother bring their
ters to future meetings aad form '
Into a Junior branch of ths
Mr. Archibald little), aa KagUah wo
man, who lived tn wester China for
eleven years, says there Is a growing
sentiment sgalnst the practice of crip
pling the women's feet While she was
there they held drawing room meetings
to discus the subject and about M0
of the best families In Chun King and
1.600 families In the adjoining district
agreed to discourage the custom. Mn
are responsible for tbe practice, for the
first question they ask In regard to a
possible fiancee 1 about the size of her
foot
The late Empress of Austria did Tery
many things which appeal to th un
conventlonallty of American women
more than they did to the formalist by
whom she was surrounded. At the first
state dinner after her marriage sh
horrified the court women by taking off
her gloves. One of them remonstrated
because It was a deviation from th
rules. But the empress promptly set
tled that objection by saying that th
deviation should henceforth be the rule.
The court women had another blow
when the empress Insisted on wearing a
pair of boots a month or more. The
rules had required an empress to wear
her shoes only once. "Jut think," said
an American girl, "of bf Ing always In
a state of breaking In a new pair of
shoes! No wonder the poor woman re
belled." VALUE OF EGGS.
Epgs can be used as a substitute for
paste or mucilage to seal a letter or a
Jar of Jelly.
The white of an egg will allay ths
smart of a burn If bound upon It Im
mediately, excluding the air.
Half a dozen eggs given immediately
after an emetic will render corroslvo
sublimate harmless.
The white of an egg beaten and swal
lowed will dislodge a fish bone from
the throat
When a mlstard plaster 1 mixed
with the white of an egg. Instead ot
water, no blister will folllow Its appli
cation. The shell of the eggs should be saved
at this season for Easter decoration. .
In testing eggs remember that a good
egg will lnk and a bad egg will swim;
If It I difficult to remember which
I which. Jut stop to think that a fresh
egg lnk because of tbe water in Its
own composition.
Another test of a thoroughly fresh
egg 1 the distinctness with whfch th
yolk may be seen when th egg la held
up to the light.
COOKING IN CUBA.
Frying pan and coffee pot are th
only kitchen cooking utensils known to
native Cuban housewives. Roasts are
unknown; even stews are rare. Soup
la aa uncommon as In a New England
farmhouse. This Is the more strange,
ss most Southern European mak
great use of sou pa.
Cuba is a hot place, which may ac
count for the fact that no native will
eat fat meat, though It Is commonly
fried In lard.
The common vegetable are yams,
okra, rice and bananas.
FEATHERS IN MEN'S HATS.
If you chance to see a small feather
showing from the bow o( the ribbon
band around a man's hat these days It
does not necessarily (ollow that the
wearer halls from the country.
This Is the up-to-date fad among hat
manufacturers, and they say that the
Idea 1 going with a swing. Young,
middle-aged and old men appear to fa
vor the feather, and many of the rep
resentative producers are using th
feather In order that their names will
become Identified with the exterior of
hat, and thus the feather will servs
as an advertisement.
LEMON ICE.
Put three pint of water Into a sauce
pan with one quart of cutloaf sugar
and let H simmer over a slow fir until
It Is reduced to a generous quart of
syrup. When cold, add the strained
Juice of five lemons and the whites of
(our egg beaten to a stiff froth. If ths
syrup seems very thick a little water
may be added. Stir tbe Ingredients
well together and pour Into freezer to
be treated like Ice cream.
FRILLS OF FASHION.
Shirt waist pin In gold and silver.
studded with seml-preclou atone, aro
shown.
Shell combs, the edges of which aro
set with colored stones of different
kinds, are popular.
Wide-striped silks covered with polka
dot are made up In shirt waists, and
so are large plaids.
Light silk and thin French materials
of silk crepe or some fleecy material.
are found In hat trimmings.
An exquisitely wrought brooch In ths
shape of dragon fly has Its wings
studded with brilliant and emerald.
An opal serves for th back.
Polka dots are everywhere on oar
parasol, In the millinery and scat
tered over the new dress good. In all
colors and sizes, woven In or embroider
ed, as the case may be.
In dplent bustles are worn with tbo
newest spring costume and toileta.
In cases of extreme slendemess they
seem Imperative, whan the dominating
heath-skirt models ars adopted.
Picturesque hats of chip aad lsghora
re to be worn. la btg bats there aro
strings and the hat Itself It boat dowa
Into all sorts of shapes, so they are
most becoming to tbo wearer.
Many of tbo now sflk shirt watabj
aro made la the true Oarlbalil atyta
with no yoke at tbo bask, a tow
at tbo bolt and tucks fonaJaf
yoke oa attbsr ata af tba gas amtt ka