TOPTPQ nP TH V TI If ITQ
A CHOICE SELECTION Of INTER
ESTING ITEMS,
Cssssaeote mad Criticism Baaed Vpmm
She IUnlip of lae Bar-Hies t
el u4 Nawe Notae.
It's a poor farm that can't acquire
a mortgage.
Money talk, and the nation of the
earth are listening to the United State
a never before.
Referring to that kissing of General
Shafter, it' a sure bet that none of the
girls succeeded in embracing him.
lot of colored folks holding up and
robbing a coal train doesn't uei-cssarily
mean the African is not In the woodpile
oa occasion.
Why does it not occur to some dull
folks who comphiln that others sit
down on theiu right along, whether
they don't make them tired,?
Carnegie' giving SiTjO.onO for a
Washington library carries the moral
that in making a big collection of books
a good one to start with Is a check book.
It takes nearly all a conscientious
Citizen's spare time to solve the geo
graphical pronunciation puzzles which
the government evolves out of the an
nexation problems.
It is now said that the celebrated
Keely motor was run by air. The won
der Is that there was enough air left to
run the machine after the inventor got
through with the stockholders.
To some people the sight of that 5-year-old
negro "exhorter" wabbling
and twaddling on a church platform
would lie quite as distasteful as the
brutal exhibition in the prize ring.
While waiting for the curtain to go
up on the peace conference jierforin
.nce Great Britain Is passing away the
time building two more 14,000-ton
battleships at a cost of ."),ooo,000.
' One of the London Journals asks
Frenchmen to sink their differences
and subscribe for a submarine lioat to
guard the channel. Sinking differences
In a submarine boat is an admirable
conception.
Insurance men will be surprised to
learn that there is such a thing as an
Sfcfc.-endiary microbe. M. Jean de Ixjrer
. do & the scientist who makes this sur
.prisinj; discovery. The microbe causes
, annntjineoita ffiniluiutUm lifli-iiu fi-,.u
la the genuine and original "firebug."
1 A monster locomotive was constnict-
.al III ti forme vl i-ti n f i urta,r, ww.roit I ir In
twenty-one hours aud thirty minutes.
iwo locomotives or ordinary size were
jt . , , ,
" - 'A '-'- '- " ' "-, '' ' "
aa : I,, t...,., ..I...
- Vtw-IIIIUK .-'Kin; IU n. -5 uiuu m v-
Our powers of destruction silll
surpass those of construction.
The president of the New York S. I'.
C. A. rt cently read a, paper admonish
ing Ills Hocieiy no i iu in; imi jiim. iiiiii7
In trying to establish reforms in Cuba
and the l'Uilippiues. His idea seems
to lie that to stop all the cockfights and
bullfights at once would be an inhuman
proceeding. Paradoxical as it may
aeein, he is probably right.
Among the differences between the
army and the navy, none is more funda
mental or produces niore obvious and
Important results than that relating to
promotion from the lowest to the high
er grades of the respective services.
The private soldier can aspire to any
rank and, with ability, industry and a
fair share of luck, he can easily enough
attain the pay and power of a com
manding officer. The man-of-war's
man has no such privilege. No matter
what he knows or does a commission
la beyond his reach. Which of these
systems Is the better hi not a question
for lay decision.
"The United States," s.iys Mulhall,
"leads In agriculture, with products
greater than Russia and the Fnited
Kingdom combined; in manufactures,
with a product greater than the aggre
gate output of the manufactories of the
tTnlted Kingdom, France, Austria -Hungary
and Belgium combined: lu ma
chinery, with a steam power greater
than the United Kingdom, Austria,
Hungary and Italy combined; in min
ing, with a product greater than the
United Kingdom and France combined
or nearly one-third that of the entire
world); in railroad transportation, with
m mileage forty per cent, greater than
that of all Europe; in forestry, with
products greater than that of all Eu
rope, and nearly one-half of the total
prod nets of the world; In fisheries, with
M greater product than the United
Kingdom, Russia and Oermany cora
tined." The Judge who has established of
ficially the proper hour for the cessa
tion of sparking may have done well,
bat the boar will not be acceptod by
the young people, nor will all young
feeo. leave Just as the dock strikes 11.
Titers Is a power higher than the judge,
tHl, the ok) gentleman who appears at
the Dead of the stairs occasionally with
remark to this effect: "Daughter,
are you sMU up?" or "Is that the mllk
ffMa at th back door?" He can
otsw ale a Judge, and if be says 10
'stork, 10 o'clock It Is, in spite of all
C judge la ahs Mate. After all, 11
eelsek appears on the face of things
few proper hour for the front door
Cft k closed. A youag man who n
r:.t say all his lovs speech la three
t rm, twrimg tan or four Bights In
i 3 ecX Mstfa stla.laat If this
ism b) few looked upon as taw,
t; ars ywa fet ea fores It? Arc ape
rS rmmtm be entptoyed, me
C33eMJ urfonBatlss) as totks
house where sparking at in progress
ajld erv in iina-etaom mriilmit tma
"Break a way 7" Or la he to arrest the
I violators, one and two, and rail a pa-
, troi? It will not do. This business
i cannot be regulated exempt by pa, and
what pa say goes every tliue, and If
' not, the young man goes, ami rather
rapidly. The judge is secoud to pa
every time when the duration of spark
lug hours U up for discussion.
This may not Inappropriately be
called the age of copper. Time scemi
to have turned backward In Its flight,
and the metal which pave its distinc
tive character to one epoch in the his
tory of primeval man has been elevated
ouce more to a place of supreme Im-
Iortauce. The renewed distinction has
taken place because this Is also the age
of electricity, and copjier is the best
metallic conductor of electricity which
the earth yields in sufficient quantity
for modern uses. One of the remark
able industrial developments of the age
is the increased production aud em
ployment of the metal. The United
States alone, which supplied but one
seventh of the amount required in the
markets of the world a few years ago,
now produces much more than one
half ;and that half is double the world's
gross production at that time. Immense
fortunes have lieen made by the men
who have developed and own the cop
per mines of this country. There are
at least three mines which are to-day
valued by tens of miUioiis of dollars,
and one of them has paid nearly sixty
million dollars In dividends. For months
past there Ijhs been eager, at times al
most frenzied, speculation in the Bos
ton stock market In copper mine
allures. It Is based on a more solid
foundation than are most speculations,
because there seems good reason to
think that for a year or two to come
the demand for copper will lie larger
than the supply, and that the price of
the uietal will be maintained.
The Loudou Spectator has an Inter
esting article on "Catching Cold," evl
deutly written by a physician. In con
clusion he asks himself. "Shall we ever
be able to avoid colds altogether?"
That is a conundrum we would all like
to hear answered authoritatively lu the
affirmative. This writer is optimistic
and says: 'Trobubly we shall; proba
bly ere long our bacteriologists, hav
ing discovered the hostile microbe, hav
ing learned his habits, traced his life
history and tracked him to his lair, will
be able to show us how we can get the
better of our foe, so that in the oft
reenrring struggle he, not we, will suc
cumb, and we shall soon cease to fear
him." But while we are waitlug for
this mueh-to-lie-dcsired deliverance
from the cold microlie what cau we do
to abate tills all-iervading disease
which men. horses and cats appear to
be esH'cialIy heirs to. There are places
where it is iniH)Rsible to catch wild, for
the simple reason that there are no
colds to catch. For three years Nanseu ,
nnd his men were exposal to all sons i
of conditions favorable to calchlmr -
i old This led VaiiKcn to tell tli -Hteeffiniilng districts to avail tbetnselve of 4
In the Spectator that "of course there
is no doubt that told Is an infectious
disease. We had none durinu our iour- ;
hey. aud we all got it (very badly too)
at the very moment we reached Nor
way." Some isiiplc believe that the
majority of illnesses tgiu with a sim
ple cold, and the doctors say that some
js'ople are more or less correct. Cod-
tiling will not prevent colds. It only
lenders Ihe cod.li.xt more susceptible to
infection when the Inevitable exposure
to the frost v irerni comes. No one ran
lie made immune from colds so far as
medical investigation and science has
proeeded. But everyone can render
himself or herself less susceptible to In-
fectlou by the hardening process to-
wlt. sleeping in cold bedrooms, keeping i
the tetni-erature of our houses below
rather than atsive 0 degrees, dressing
uuruily, eating blood-making food, aud
taking plenty of exercise in the open
nir. But no matter what precaution
you take the cold microbe will catch
you even "If you do watch out."
PATTI'S FIRST ADMIRER
The Iiva Had an Offer of Murriaae
when Twelve Veara Old.
Fattl Is writing a book. It will be ber j
memoirs, and so far she has got only ,
to the end of the tirst chapter. This
first chapter contains (he following In
teresting information-.
".My first admirer, M. Jose de Rlos,
declared himself In 18G5, at Puerto
Kico, where, at the age of 12, I waa
giving concerts. I was sitting on the
balcony waiting for my turn to slug,
when this tall, handsome young fellow
first came under my notice.
"I don't know why be should have
found any attraction in me, for I waa
a plain little girl, with sallow skin, two
black plaits banging down my back,
and eyes that in anuncanny way seem
ed much too big for my face. He was
most kind to me, and In those days,
when we had little of tbe world's
goods, his consideration made a great
Impression on me. I had by this time
lost my mother, and when M. de Rlos
asked my father for my band I had
little idea of even the meaning of mar
riage. On account of my tender years
bis offer naturally met with a refusal.
For five years I lost sight of blm. and
then, when I was 17. be came to Bath,
where I was giving a concert one even
ing, and renewed hla suit In propria
persona, when I refused for myself."
Married Mea's Watches.
Tbe Newburg, N. Y News says dial
a local jeweler has invested hi a stock
of "married men's watches." The pe
culiarity Of these watch. lies In the
fact that tfaey art furnished wtbfc an
alarm aMaehnteat wtilch a man's wife
can set at the exact lumr wtoen she
wishes him to shut for home. The
alarm going off at that Hme wft rs
atlnd Mm mat Ms wife saneet. fej a.
Minnesota Hectare for Mate Aid.
Complete returns of the Minnesota
State election show that the State aid
amendment to the Constitution has
been passed by the ieople by a vote of
70.043 to 38,017. The returns have only
recently been completed, owing to the
unsettled condition of the norlhern anu
eastern irtions of the State. This is
the tirst time that a js.pular vote has
even been taken in any State upon tbe
good roads quct-tion, nud the result hi
a most emphatic indorsement of State
aid as a solmlou. The Fanners' Na
tional Congress, which met at Fort
Worth, Texas, early in llii-einlwr hist.
passed strong resolutions in favor of
State aid. and commeudlng the efforts
of the Icugue of American Wheelmen
toward its Introduction. The Minne
sota vote Is another notable Indorse
ment of the work of this organ iaatiou.
The constitutional amendment was
Introduced at the lhil" session of the
Minnesota legislature by A. B. Clioate.
of Minneapolis, as the representative of
the L. A. W.. and lis passage by that
IkkI.v was the result of his persistent
and diplomatic work In behalf of the
measure. This left It to be submitted
to jsipular vote for Its final passage.
A strong educational campaign for
good roads was carried on by the I,. A.
W. throughout Minnesota during the
past summer aud fall with the active
assistance of ihe Bureau of Road In
quiry at Washington and the press of
Minnesota. A large edition of pam
phlets, explaining the State nid system
of road-building and its advantages to
formers, was distributed, and numer
ous articles and editorials upon the sub
jeet apjieared in ihe papers In various
parts of the State. The resulting vote
for the amendment is alone two to one
iu Its favor.
The Minnesota legislature will now
lake the necessary steps to put a sys
tem of State aid into operation, such as
is uow iu force in New jersey and In
New York. Farmers, especially, will
appreciate this, as it will enable them
to obtain durable highways without be
ing obliged to bear the entire expense,
as they do at present. In New Jersey
and New York, the cost of roads built
by State aid is divided between the
Suite, the counties aud the local tax
payers in the towns. Many towns
availing themselves of the New York
law are securing funds for road build
ing purposes from outside sources,
equal to four or five times that, which
they raise themselves. Country tax
payers have learned that State aid to
roads privities a menus by which the
large city taxpayers and corjioratioiis
owning valuable franchises from the
s,n,p :ir'' 'n'"1'' lo K!ll,r,? 1,1 ,u' Ml'"",
""d tlmt 11 remains optional with the
'ilis "Stance, or not. as they may
'"""' Thin explains the popularity
,,f f!UlU ai(l in Minnesota and the large
! vote In its favor. L. A. W. Bulletin.
A City Vuyu MnJ DnmaitcN,
The following, from a West Superior
(Wis.) paier, tells its own story, which,
by the way, is an Interesting one to
taxpayers ami city ramers:
"At U"' l"st I'fe-vluuK Council meeting
Mike u ,,,",m'1 a1 a 'llll np-'lnst the
'" f"r "m amount
Is-lng claimed by Mr. O'Donnel for hav
ing bis horse mired up to its neck on
18th street near the normal school. The
Aldermen rather laugh.il at the claim
j nnt presenting a bill to the city for hav-
'" nor mired, and the Council
TO"HI 10 "Bnl " am" rough ail the
courts if ueceaaary.
"The case was brought to trial this
morning iu the Municipal Court A jury l
consisting of Stewart Kobinson, Frank
Felker, James Scott and James Sej.Jer
was impaneled and after hearing about
ten minutes' testimony on the case a
erdlct was brought In for Ihe plaintiff
In the sum of $.'t0, which is 1." more
than be offered to settle the case for.
Besides this the costs In the case
amount to $18.87, making a total cost
to the city of S53.87. The horse is all
right now, notwithstanding the fact
that It took two others to pull It out of
the sticky red mud. Coder the direction
of the Council the case will be appealed
to the next higher court."
ftabber la Bcar:e.
. Assuming that the United States will
subsidise a company to lay a cable
from tbe Philippines to Ran Francisco,
the first landing place would be iu the
Hawaiian Islands. The next posses
sion of the United Slates is the Island
of Guam, In tbe iJidroiies, which Is
about 3,100 nautical miles west of
Hawaii. From this Island to the main
land of Luxou, in the Philippines, is
about flfiO nautical miles.
The longest cable now operated is
that from Brest to New York, which is
8.080 nautical miles In length. Tbe cost
of cables Increases with their length In
a geometrical ratio; tbe difficulty of
working them Increases about as rap
idly. Itemembering that the cost of
tbe New York-Brest cable waa greater
than that of any other cable ever laid.
It Is readily seen that tbe construction
of the American transpacific cable, In
volving tbe link between Hawaii and
Guam, may well be approached with
caution. The solution of the difficulty
Is In tbe acquisition of an island of the
Caroline group.
In connection with tbe Pacific cable
a very Interesting question arises.
Whence Is tbe gutta-percha for this
gigantic cable to come. Every whisper
of the construction of a transpacific
line sends the gntta market at Hlnga
pore up by leaps and hounds. The
ruling price of the gum Is tbe highest
that has ever obtained. It is stated,
on what authority It Is hard to say, that
the visible supply of gutta la Insuffi
cient for the task, and that If this csble
is laid It will be the last-tbe last with
a gutta-percha insulation, at least
Engineering Magazine.
DOUBTS AS TO EXACT DATE,
Difference of Opinion to When Ohio
ilrcame a Hate.
There is some doubt as to the exact
date unvn which Ohio became a State.
Ohio never was a separate "territory,
being a part of the Northwest terri
tory. In 1K01 the people living in the
isirtion of the Northwest territory now
embraced In the State of Ohio culled a
convention to frame a State constitu
tion for the district which had set up a
claim to statehood under the provisions
of the fifth article of the ordiuauce of
177. That convention met In Chilli
cot be on Nov. 1. ltr aud on Nov. 2i
completed Its work. The constitution
thus framed was not submitted to the
iple, but was declared ratified by the
convention Itself.
On Feb. 17. JKtfl. the Fulled States
Congrif passed an act admitting Ohio
into the Fnion as a State, said act be
coming oH-rative upon the assembling
of the first State legislature at Chilll
cotlie. The tirst State legislature met
at Chillicothe at 10 a. m. Tuesday,
March 1, lsu.'i, and both houses imme
diately organized.
Thus there are three dates alKiut
which opinions may uiffer as to the ex
act initial period of Ohio statehood.
Thcv tire Nov. j!t, IMC, when the con
stitution was perfected and ratified';
Feb. 17, lo:!. when C-iUgret-s passed the
act admit ting Ohio, aud March 1, ISO.'!,
when the Legislature ascnibled aud
organized. The latter dale appear to
have the greatest claim, iu view of the
language of the act of Congress and the
organization of the legislature. The
two houses of the legislature met In
Joint session tit 11 a. m. March .1, 1803.
to ojs-ti and declare the result of the
ballot f. r Governor. Kdward Tlflln was
declared elected, receiving 4,."rii4 votes.
There w. re no ballots cast against him.
At 1 o'clock p. m. the same day Gov
ernor Tittin was sworn in at a joint
session of the two houses of legisla
ture by Judge Melgs.Cincinuatl En
quirer. New I'se Tor Cattish.
In Fort land. Oregon, according to the
Oregoiilan. the fuuiilUir catfish figures
as a hardy plonitr and n valued ad
junct to the street department, all te
cause the terra cotta sewers and
drains, especially those In the lower
part of the city, frequently get choked.
If the sewer Is not broken, it can
lie cleaned by passing a roie through It,
to 1 pulled Imckward and forward un
til the olwtnicti.m Is loosened and re
moved. The deputy superintendent of
streets lias had a great deal of such
work to look after, and the worry con
nects! with getting the rope through
has gone far toward thinning his hair.
He has at last discovered a quick, sure
and easy method.
He goes to the river,
alrhes iiTcaT
fish, tics a string to its tail, drops it
down a manhole Into the sewer, and It
at once starts for the river, and forces
its way through any oinstriictlon not
as solid as brick, dragging the string
after It. Then the deputy goes as far
down the sewer as he d.-cms necessary,
and picks up the string, which he uses
to draw a wire through the sewer, and
with this a rope Is pulhil through, and
the scwit Is soon cleared.
So'oinun In All H s filory.
A donation party was given to a good
country clergyman In part payment of J
his small salary, the principal result
being !wny -seven bushels of beans
and a large variety of second-hand
clothing for his five children.
The patience of the clergyman's wife
finally gave out. On the next Sunday
she dressed all her five children In the
dorm led second-hand clothing, and
under her direction they marched up
the aisle just as the good pastor was
reading that beautiful passage, "Yet
Solomon In all his glory was not ar
rayed like one of these." Tbe next
donation party was of a different char
acter. Iw Valuation.
A few words will sometimes express
a man's opinion of his nclgblxir quite
as well as a much longer statement.
"Do you regard Silas Woodruff as
one of the Importunt people In Canbyf '
asked a summer visitor, referring to a
member of tbe State legislature, whose
borne was In tbe little town. ,
"I bear be can talk up to the folks on
politics," answered tbe Can by farmer,
to whom the q newt ion had been ad
dressed, "so I reckon he's some use to
the State, mebby; but In Canhy ws
don't count blm of any more value than
a couple o' rods o' side-hill." Youth's
Companion.
Tbe Koihschllds.
A curious thing it is that In every
country the Rothschilds Assume the
typical appearance of Its people, says
the New York World. Ixird Rothschild
of Itogland much resembles Lord Salis
bury, Baron A I phone de Rothschild of
Paris Is a perfect FrenWiman In ap
pearance. Walter Rothschild, son of
Lord Rothschild, Is a fair haired young
giant (the original Mayer Anaelm wss
redheoJiedi. Wllhelm Karl Rothschild
of tbe Frankfort bouse, son of that
Charles or Karl who went to Naples
for tbe bouse, Is a typical German,
Fanioaa Scotch Cripples.
Two of toe most famous living
Scotchmen are cripples Lord Kervln,
who Is the greatest living Scottish
dentist, and Dr. James Margregoiof
Edinburgh, who Is said to be tbe great
est living HoottWh preacher.
In baseball circles the npper ten co
prises tbe winning alne a ad the urn
plre.
THE FARM AND HOME.
MATTERS O FINTEREST TO FARM
ER AND HOUSEWIFE.
Bosa Bcaaoaa Why the Boya Leave
the Farm -When to Helu with
Vegetable in the Garden-Always
Be l-'p with Ihe Market.
The following Is extracted from a
paper read at a Farmers' Institute re
cently: "How few real homes we find on t la
farm. How often what we call home
is a place to bang tip Jour hat, get
three meals a day and lie down to
sleep; a place where father and mother
and children stay. How few of these
stopping placi do more than satisfy
our daily physical wants, and utti-riy
fail to supply our mental and Is'tter
necessities. I it any wonder our boys
and girls make coiniarisoiis with the
homes they Imagine exist iu the towns
and cities? Home In its real sense Is
an Inspiration to all boys and girls. If
it exist mi the farm It is an inspira
tion to a nobler, Is-tter manhood. If it
is not on the farm, there grows up with
tlie Isiy a resolve to get away from his
crude environments and try to find
what his Into! and heart so yearns for.
Home must lie where love and con
fidence predominate. A boy is a qu-er
study. His prattle and rattle are evl-
deui-es of enterprise. In Indicate a
want of judgment and a n-il of kin
dergarten Inquiry to dl-ov.-r the In
herent abilities of the Isiy and guid
ance into those lines. It is the general
practice to curb all ebullition of the
vigorous mind and hands of the boy,
and make him do a.s we do whether he
wants to or not. The twenty-one years
to his majority Is a tedious term to a
farm Uiy. The farm Iwy Imaglm
from what he sec of city young men
that they must have a very much let
ter time, and he is temptnl to try It."
Wl.rn tn Begin the Garden.
The iH-ginuiiig with a garden should
be really In the fall, as such plants as
spinach, kale, salsify, dandelion, crei-s,
etc., can be seeded down In the fall,
covered with mulch and ls brought on
the (able very early in the spring. A
patch of turnips left In the ground In
the fall will provide the licst kind of
early "greens," ami the same may be
done with cabbage stalks, which, if
planted In the fall In a compact led,
will take up but little room iiinl throw
out sprouts early In spring, before any
otlrnr green crop comes. Later on rad
ishes, lettuce and rhubarb will lie In
order, as they are hardy and can lie
had ls-fore summer crops are seeded.
Asparagus comes almost by the time
frost is out of the ground. Half an acre
In a garden which has been heavily
manured will provide an enormous
supply of vegetables. Teas and onloss,
as well ns early potatoes, may ls had
with but little difficulty, If the ground
is snndy and warm, but to secure early
cnqjsJjiejMliJxJiilo deep and
TTioTolTgTi-!!!!.! ihe land well drained,
not by having a heavy surface flow,
but by the water going down quickly.
Warmth is secured by :he air following
the downward How of the water Into
the soil.
Ite Up with Ihe Mmkrt,
It would U-of advantage to our farm
ers If they were to visit the market of
our great cities ami acquaint them
selves with the requirements of the
trade, they should become acquainted
with the methods of business, and
should study the reasons for the adop
tion of particular systems of handling
produce. A system Is the result of
growth. It Is not a special creation,
fully developed and orgsiuized, and
thrown Into being without some good
cause for its existence, it may have
grown to an abuse, but even then there
Is some reason for It. Farm and Fac
tory. I'ualncaa Tact in Farming.
While It docs not pay farmers lo sud
denly change their crops whenever
prices go loo low for profit, there ar
often ways of overcoming the, low
prices, and twrhaps manufacturing the
crop Into something that will give a
good return for all the labor expcinh-d
upon it. When there was everywhere
a superabundant apple crop, the farm
ers who had evaporators hired enough
help to put up their apple crop In the
very best form for a period of scarcliy.
Hence when there v.-as a light apple
crop through the country the result
mas that die evaporated apples were
disposed of at a profit, There art- often
times when grain damaged by harvest
ing, or w hich for other reusum. sell lie.
low what It costs, can be marketed by
feeding it to slock. It is In such ways
as this that business men learn to
change losses into gains, or at least to
mitigate their losses,
Knt Karatlnc
The farmer that allows himself to fall
Into what Is termed rut farming will
fall of the greatest success, because a
rut farmer does things In the same old
way, simply for lack of energy or
knowledge. Kaeb position affirms the
fact of bis negligence, hence he falls
under the ban of natural law and must
to a grester or less extent, as the case
may be, fall behind. Tbe law of the
survival of the fittest wss never more
evident than when applied lo agricul
ture. Successful agriculture will not
sdmlt of trifling. Rural World.
Floors for Henbonaea.
A henhouse floor should uever be
msde of board. There will lie sure lo
be some cracks bet ween Ibein, and they
make the U-t possible breeding place
for Hoe, Ra t her I hs n lis re s rd Doors
ws would have oue with earth, under
laid with stone to secure drainage snd
covered with sifted coal ashes. The
most setlefsctory of sll floor U one of
nnml Tku u-iii ... .. .
.., ., ,,, u, r, ,MII H(lt B ,
board or plsuk plow, snd It will not j
fear cracks to sacoursge the breeding j
of vermin. On a cement floor saafaf
the roosts no litter should be aUowad.
Thus tbe excrvtlous may be kept free
from matter that cannot bs rotted1
daw n, and if put into a Urge box with
sifted coal ashes sprinkled over them
tliey will le rotted down by spring, so
as to be In good comb Hon for drilling
with grain or for sprinkling In the row a
where early peas are planted. There Is
nothing Is-tter to give ieas s vigorous
start early. It will nlo make tbem
several days earlier, and thus secure
fur them a U-tter pri.-e.
To Keep A pules.
To keep apples sound, laying them
on a dark, dry shelf is one method. But
when so kept many will 1m- found to
lose their lieauty mid shrivel; If packed
in Isixes or barn-Is with dry sand, "bow
ever, the flavor and soundness are not
only preserv.-d. but their original U-au-ty
and firmness are also maintained.
Sawdust or bran are liable to get damp
or moldy, and thus Injure the fruit.
Fears may also lie preserved In this
way, but as these undergo a slight fer
mentation, after becoming riH, the ef
fect of which Is shown III a kind of
greasiness on tbe skin, they should be
left a week In the storeroom before
the Method of preserving here pointed
out Is commenced. - London Journal.
Management of Manure.
The sooner tbe manure spread on tbe
land Is decomistse.l the sooner the
plants can utilize It. When a large
mass of undecoiiiposed straw or corn
stalks arc hauled to the Held they are
lu a condition lwyond the reach of the
plant roots. When the manure heap
is well managed, and all the ingred'.en's
"rotted," one-half of the tiatlle Is won.
It is n saving of time because the
fanner who desires a quick start for
his corn In the spring cannot afford to
wait for the manure to rot In the fields.
;iod management of the manure heap
means that tho manure must be de
composed iu the heap without losing
any of lis advantages. Kvery farmer
knows how lo do so, but the majority
allow large jsirtions of the valuable
ammonia to slip away from them.
now in the Foreat.
In a dense growth of tree snowfall
lies more evenly than It can anywhere
else, and even to this day the depth of
snow in the woods Is iu country dis
tricts the only recognized measure of
the depth of the snowfall. There Is a
great advantage to the trees hi having
this iitiilonn depth of snow all around
them. It prevents .1. ep freezing of thu
soil, nnd lu many caws prevents it
from freezing at nil, us there Is always
a lunl of more or lens dwayed leaves
under the snow. In most i-ases when
a forest liecouicH so thinned that wind
will blow the snow In heaps, some of
the older tr.es will begin lo die out.
The ground frr y.i n deeper and they ue
longer get water enough.
Plucr for Itie Int-uli .tor.
A cellar Is an excellent place for an
Incubator, Uirtose It Is usually of an
even temperature. esMclnlly If the cel
lar is one that will preserve root and
fruits; but the ntmnp!iere khould be
pure, which will be the case In winter.
Any plai-e will answer for the incuba
tor that Is of a u even and regular tem
perature. If the iin ubator Is In a room
where the temperature changes in
harm will result, provided the operator
watches the lamp iitlnuie, and does not
allow too in mil beat to accumulate.
The hot-water incubator luo lamp!
must lie operated lu a warm place. If
pc.st.lble, in order to avoid loss of heui
at night.-Poultry Ket-sr.
I arty Clilcka.
F.arly In the spring the hens will l
gin to sll and young chicks hutched. It
Is Important to keep the chicks warm
until they are feathered. They are
hatched at a temperature of KKI de
grees, and when excised to an atmos
phere at a temperature of ."Vl or W de
grees become chilled, from which they
seldom reitiver. Itowel disease, which
Is ascribed to faults In feeding. Is mors
frequently ihe result of lack of
warmth. Ijite In spring, when ths
weather Is warmer, the chicks can have
more liberty, but lu winter, when the
early ones are hatched, shelter and pro
tection from mid draughts will lie uec
esssry to prevent loss.
Oil from Hun flower Seed.
In 1H42 a Russian farmer named
Rokareff conceive! the Idea of extract-'
lug oil from the wed of Ihe sunflower.
His neighbor told blm It was a vision
ary idea and Hint he wouli", have his
lulsir for his pains. He M'rscvercd,
however, nud from that humble liegln
nlng Ihe Industry lias expanded to enor
mous prosirtlons. Today more than
7,000.'") acres of laud lu Russln ore
devoted to the cultivation of the sun
flower. Two kinds are grown-one
with small se.-ds. which arc crushed for
oil. and the other with larger seeds,
Uiat are consumed by the poorer peoplr
In enormous quantities.
Clover and Corn for llosjj.
When wheat was low In price a large
proportion of the crop was used for
f.sHl. Now the farmers have gone bock
to corn, but the quality of tlie jsirk
Is not equal to tlmt whMi was made
from wheat In feeling corn some
farmers claim Unit wheu the com I
ground and mixed with clover whioh
has licen cut One and sealed more pork
and Is-tier srk coo lie made by the
comblnailou Uisji wiuh com.
The Hi rep and I'o, Problem,
There has lieen legislation enough lo
protect sheep. The problem Is how to
keep ihe dogs In check. og .an casl
ly go through a barbed wire fence, or
will dig under II. hence there Is no lu -exH-uiv
way to protect sheep. As
sheep grsxe In the evening, sfter the
suit goes down, ss a protection a gn I list
best In summer, they cannot Is- con.
fined st night In a building, sod t will
not pay to employ a watchman, uultss
lbs floc k Is r- 'arg.