Image provided by: University of Nebraska-Lincoln Libraries, Lincoln, NE
About The Sioux County journal. (Harrison, Nebraska) 1888-1899 | View Entire Issue (April 21, 1898)
PRESIDENT'S HESSAGE I he Leading Sentiments McKinley In His Message. ARHED INTERVENTION IF NECESSARY President Leaves the Responsibility tv Congress for Future Action Will Do as it OrdersOpposed to Independence. Washington, April 11. The presi dent yesterday sent the following mes sage to tbe congress of the United States: Obedient to the precept of the consti tution which command the president to give from time to time tbe congress informrtion of the state of the onion, 'and to recommend to their considers tion such measures as he shall judge necessary and expdient, it becomes my duty now to address your body with re gard to the grave crisis that has arisen in the relations of the United States to Spain, by reason of tbe warfare that for more than three years ha? raged in the neighboring island of Cuba. I do so because of tbe intimate con nection of the Cuban question with the elate of our own union, and the grave relation the course which is now in cumbent upon the nation to adop t miiBt needs bear to the traditional policy of our government, if it is to accord with the precept laid iowh by the founders of the republic and religiously observed by succeeding administrations to the present day. SEE A COUNTRY LAID WA8TR. Our people have beheld a once pros perous community reduced to compara tive want, its commerce virtually paralyzed, its exceptional productiveness diminished, iis fields laid waste, its mills in ruins and its people perishing by tens of thousands from hunger and Starvation. We have found ourselves constrained in the observance of that strict neutrality which our laws and which the law of nations enjoins, to police oar own waters and watch our own seaports in preventation of any unlawful act in aid of the Cubans. Our trade has suffered so the capital invested by oar ci'izens in Cuba, has been largely lost and t be forbearance of our people has been so sorely tried as to beget a perilous unrest among our own cititena, which bac inevitably found its expression from time to time in the national legislature so that issues wholly external to our own body politic engrot a attention and stand in the way of that close devotion to domestic advancement that becomes a seif-contented common' wealth whose primal maxim has been the troidahce of all foreign'entangle ments. All this must needs awaken and has indeed aroused the utmost con cern on the part of this government, as well during my predecessor's as my own. weyi.er's dkath osmcR The policy of devastation and con Mntration, inaugurated by General Weyler on October 10, ISM, in the prov ince of 1'inar da Kio, was thence ex tended to embrace all of the island to which the power of the Spanish arms was able to reach by occupation or by military operations. The peasantry, in cluding all Swelling in the open agri cultural interior, were driven into the garris ,n towns or isolated places held by the troops. The fields were laid wa to, dwellings unroofed and fired, mills de stroyed and, in short, everything that could desolate the land and render it unfit for human habitation or support was commanded to be destroyed, by one or the other of the ont-iiding parties, and executed by all thi powers at their disjiosal. fcCIiJiKK CHANGE OK FRONT. The assaination of the prime minis ter, Canovas, led to a cl.aiigi; of govern ment in Spain, The former administra tion, pledged to subjugation without concession, gave place to that of a more liberal party, committed long in advanc to a policy of reform, involving th wider principle of home rule for Cuba and l'orto Klco. The overtures of this government, made through its new en voy, General Woodford, and looking to an immediate and effective amelioration of the condition of the inland, although not accepted to the extent of admitted media'ion in any shape were met by afturancrs ttiat home rule in an ad vanced phae would be forthwith offer ed to Cuba without waiting for the war to end, and that n.ore humane methods should henceforth prevail in the con duct of hostilities. Incidentally with these declarations the new government of Spain continued and completed the policy already begun by its predecessor of testifying friendly regard for this nation by releas ing American citizens held under one charge or another connected with the insurrection, so that, by the end of No vember, not a single person jntitlcd in any way to our national protection re mained In a Spanish prison. WAR or HX I RUMINATION. Tiie war in Cuba is of such a nature that short of subjugation or extermina tion a final military victory for either M.le seems impracticable. The alterna tive lies in the physical exhaustion of the one or the other party, or perhaps of both a condition which in effect endi'd the ten year's war by the truce o( 7,an j n. The prospect of such a pro traction and conclusion of the present strife is a contingency hardly to be con templated with equanimity by the civ ilized word, and least of alt by the United 8ttw, effected and injured as we are, deeply and intimately by lis verjr existence. Realising Ibis, it appears to bs my duty, in a spirit of tr,.e friend iness, not bxprtssed by President and less to Spain than to the Cubans who have so much to lose bv the prolongs' tion of the struggle, to seek to bring about an immediate termination of tbe war. To this end, 1 submit, on the 27th ultimo, m a result of much representa tion ana correspondence, through the United Kti'.es minister at Madrid, pro positions to the Spanish government looking to an armistice until October 1 for the negoation of peace with the good otticeg of tbe president. In addition asked the immediate revocation of the order of reconcentration, bo as to per mit the people to return to tbeir arms and the needy to be relieved with pro visions and supplies from the United Staths, co-operating with the Spanish authorities, so as to afford full relief. RKI'LY NOT SATISFACTORY. The reply of tbe Spanish cabinet was received on the night of the 31st ultimo. It offers, as the means to bring about peace in Cuba, to confide tbe prepara- tion thereof to the insular department, inasmuch as the concurrence of that body would be necessary to reach a final result, it Icing, however, understood that tbe powers reserved by the consti tution to tbe central government are not lessened or diminished. Ab the Cuban parliament doei not meet until the 4th of May next, tbe Spanish gov ernment would not object for its part, to accept at once a suspension of hostili ties, if asked for by the insurgents from tbe general-in-cheif, to whom it would pertain, in such case, to determine the duration and conditions of the armis tice. The propositions submitted by Gener al Woodford and the reply of the Span ish government were both in the form of brief memoranda, the texts of whicb are before me, and are substantially in the language aboye given. The function of the Cuban parliament'in the matter of "preaffring" peace and the manner of its doing so are not expreased in the Spanish memorandum ; but from Gener al Woodford's explanatory reports of preliminary discussions proceeding the final conference it is understood that the Spanish government stands ready to give the insular congress powers to settle tbe terms of pease with the insur gents, whether by direct negotion or in directly by means of legislation does not appear. With this last overture in the direc tion of immediate peace and its disap pointing reception by Spain, the execu tive was brought to the end of his effort. In my annual message of December last I said : "Of the untried measures there remain : Recognition of the insur gents as belligerents; recognition of tbe independence of Cuba; neutral inter vention to end the war by imposing a rational compromise between the con testants and inte-vention in favor of one or the other party. ANNEXATION OUT Of Tn QHXHTION, I speak notol forcible annexation, for that cannot be thought of. That, by our code of morality, would be criminal aggression. Thereupon, I re"iewed these alternatives, in the light of Presi dent Grant's uieas red words, uttered in lb"5, when alter seven years of sanguinary, destructive and cruel bar barities in Cuba hu reached the conclus ion that the recognition of the indepen dence of Cuba was impracticable and iiiiioerisiblu, and that the recognition of belligerence was not warranted by tbe fa-ts, according to the tests of public law. I commented especially upon the latter aspect of the question, pointing out the inconveniences and positive dangers of a recognition, which, while added to the already onerous burdens of neutrality within our own jurisdiction, could not in any way extend our influ ence or effective offices in the territory of hostili ies. Nothing has since oc curred to change my view in this regard, and I recognize as fully now as then that tbe issuam-e of a proclamation of neutrality, by which process the bo called recognition of lielligercnee is pub lished, could of it1"-!!, mid unattended by other notion, a vouiplished nothing toward the oms end for which we labor, the instant pacification of Cuba and the cessation of hostilities, I.NEI'KNmtM't NOT IMPOSflini.f. Turning to the question of interven tion at this time, the independence of the present insurgent government in Cuba, w find safe precedents in our history from Bn early day. They are well summed up in President Jackson's message to congress, December 21, lhlili, on the subject of the recognition of the independence of Texas. lie Baid : "In all the contentious that have arisen out of the revolutions of r ranee, out of the disputes relating to the crews of Portugal and Spain, out of the separ ation of the American iiossessious of both from the European governments, and out of the numerous and constantly occurring struggles for domination in Spanish America, so wisely consistent with our just principles has been the action of our government that we have under the most critical circumstances avoided all censure and encountered no other evil than that produced by a transient re-estrsngement of good will In those against whom we have been by force of evidence compelled to decide." U has thus been made known to the I world that the uniform policy and prac- I tice of the United States is to avoid an Interference in di'putes of other nations and eventually to recognize the author ity of the prevailing party without re ference to our particular interests and views or to the merits of the original controversy, hut on this, as on every other occasion, safety is to be found in a rigid adherence to principle. "In the contest between Spain and tbe revolted colonies we stood aloof and waited not only until the ability of tbe new states to protect themselves was fully established but until the danger of their being again subjugated had en tirely passed away. Then, and not un til then, were they recognized. Prudence, therefore, seems to dictate that should still stand aloof and maintain our present attitude, if not until Mexico itself, or one of the great foreign powers shall recognize the inde pendence of the new government, at least until the lapse of time or the course of events shall have proved be yond cavil or dispute the ability of the people of that country to maintain their separate sovereignty and to uphold the government constituted by them neither ol the contending parties can justly complain of this course. By pur suing it, we are but carrying out the long established policy which has secured to us respect and influence abroad and inspired confidence at home." These are the words of the resolute and patriotic Jackson. They are evid ence that the United States, in addition to the test imposed by public law as the condition of the recognition of inde pendence by a neutral state (to-wit, that the revolted state shall "constitute in fact a body politic having a govern ment in substance as well as name, pos sessed of the elements of stability and forming de facto, it left to itself, a state among the nations reasonably capable of discharging tbe duties of state); has imposed for its own governance in deal ing with cases like these the further condition that recognition of independ ent statehood is not due to a revolted dependency until the danger of its be ing again subjugated by tbe parent state has entirely passed away. This extreme test was in fact applied to tbe case ol Texas. The congress to whom Presi dent Jackson referred the question as one probably leading to war" and therefore a proper subject for a "previ ous understanding with that body, by whom war alone can be declared, and by whom all the provisions for sustain ing its perils must be furnished." Left matter of the recognition of Texas to tl.e executive providing merely for send ing a diplomatic agent, when the presi dent should be satisfied that the repub lic of Texas had become "an independ ent state. It was so recognized by President Van Buren, who commissioned a charge de affaire i March 17, 1837, after Mexico had abandoned an attempt to reconquer the Texan territory and then there was at the time no bona fide contest going on between the insurgents province and its former sovereign. HIS MIND UNCBAXGKD. I said iii my message of December last: "It is to tie seriously considered whether the Cuban insurrection pos sesses beyond dispute the attributes of statehood, which alone can demand the recognition of belligerency in its favor." The same requirement must cei tainly be no less seriuusly considered when the graver ishic of recognizing independ ence is in iiietiot), for no less positive test can 1 e applied to the greater act than to the lesser, while On the other hand the influences and consequences of the struggle upon the internal policy of a recognizing state, which form im portant (ado s when the recognition of belligerency is concerned, are secondary if not rightly iliminable factors when th re.il cm- ii i is whether the com- inn, my clan: nig recognition is or is not independent beyond peradventure. Nor from the standpoint of expedi ence do I think it would be wise or prudent for this government to recog nize at the present time the independ ence of the so-called Cuban republic. Such recognition is not necessary in order to enable the United Slates to in tervene and pacify the island. To com mit this country to the recognition of any particular government in Cubt might subject us toemharrasttirtg condi tions of international obligation toward the organization so recognized. In case of intervut on our conduct would be subjected to the approval or dimpprova. of such govc anient ai e would lie re quired to submit to its direction and .-nine to it tbe mean relation of a friend ly ally. When it shall appear hereafter that there is within the island a govern ment Capable of performing the duties ttnd discharging tbe functions of a separ ate nation, and having as a matter of fin t the proper forms and attributes of nationality, such government can be promptly and readily recognized, and the. relations and interestsof the United Mates with such nation adjusted. PLAN Or INTERVENTION. There remain the alternative forms of intervention to end the war, either as an Impartial neutral, or by imposing a rational compromise between the con testants, or as an active ally of the one party or the other. As to the first, it is not to be forgotten that during the last few months the relation of the United Stales bus virtu ally been ons of friendly Intervention in many ways, not so conclusive, but all tending to the exertion of a polen ial influence toward an ultimate pacific result, just and honorable to all interests concerned. The spirit of all our acti hitherto has been an earnest, unselfish desire for escd and prosperity in Cuba untarnished by d.fferences between and Spain, and unstained by the blood of American citizens. The forcible intervention of the United States as a neutral to stop the war, ac cording to the dictates of humanity and following many historical precedents where neighboring states have inter fered to check the hopeless sacrifice of life by internecine conflicts beyond their borders is justifiable on national I grounds. It involves, however, hostile constraint upon both the parties to the contest, as well to enforce a truce as to guide the eventual settlement. GOOD GROUND FOR ACTION. The grounds for such intervention may be briefly summarized as follows: First In the cause of humanity and to put an end to the barbarities, blood shed, starvation and horrible miseries now eiisting there, and which the par ties to the conflict are either unable or unwilling to stop or mitigate. It is no answer to say this is all in another county, belonging to another nation and is therefore none of our business. It is especially our duty for it is right at our door. heconu We owe it to our citizens in Cuba to afford them that p-otection and indemnity for life and property which no government there can or will afford, and to that end to terminate the condi tions which deprive them of legal pro tection. Third The right to intervene may be justified by the very serious injury to the commerce, trade and business of our people and by the wanton destruc tion of property, and devastation of the island. Fourth And which is of the utmost importance. The presant condition of affairs in Cuba is a constant menace to our peace and entails upon this govern ment an enormous expense. With such conflict waged for years in an island so near us and with which our people have such trade and business relations when the lives and liberty of our citizens are in constant danger and their property destroyed and themselves ruined where our trading vessels are liable to seizure and are seized at our very door by warships of a foreign na tion, the expeditions of filibustering that we are powerless to prevent alto gether and the irritating questions and entanglements thus arising all these and others that I need not mention with the resulting strained relations are constant menace to our peace and compel us to keep on a semi-war footing ith a nation with which we are at peace. TH R MAINE P18A8TKR. These elements of danger and disorder already pointed out have been striking ly illustrated by a tragic event which has deeply and justly moved the Ameri- can people, i nave aireaoy iransniueu to congress the report of the naval court of inquiry on the destruction of tbe battleship, Maine in the harbor of Hava na during the night of the 15th of Feb ruary, the aestrucuon oi mai nooie vessel has filled the national heart with inexpresslble sorrow. Two hundred and fifty-eight brave sailors and marines and two officers of our navy, reposing the fancied security of a friendly harbor, have been hurled to death grief and want brought to their homes and sorrow to the nation. Tbe naval court of inquiry, which it is needless to say, commands the un qualified condolence of the government, was unanimous in its conclusion that the destruction ol the Maine was caused by an exterior explosion, that was of a submarine mine. It did not assume to place the responsibility. That remains to be fixed. In any event, the destruction of the Maine, by whatever exterior force is a patent and impressive proof of a state ofthingi in Cuba that is intolerable. That condition is thus shown to ba such that tire Spauish government cannot assure safety and security to a vessel of the American navy in the habor of Havana on amission of peace and right fully there. PROMISES TO MAKE AMENDS. Further referring in this connection to recent diplomatic correspondence, a dispatch from our minister to Spain of the 'Jht h uito. contained the statement that the Spanish minister for foreign affa.rs HMired him positively that Spain will do all that the highest honor and justice n quired in the matter of the Maine. The reply above referred to of the 31st. ulto. also contained an expres sion of the readiness ot Spain to submit to -.in arbitration all tbe differences which ("i "ise in this matter, which is (cib-.-q'iwi'N- explained by the note of tbe Spanish minister at Washington of the 10th innt , as follows: "As to the question of fact which springs from the diversity of views from the report of the American and Spanish hoards Spain proposes that the fact be ascertained by an investigation by experts, which decision Spain accepts in advance." To this I have male no reply. The long trial has proved that the ob ject or which Spain has waged the war cannot be attained. The fl re of insur rection may flame or may smoulder with varying seasons, but it has not been, and it is plain it cannot bo, extinguished by present methods. The only means of relief and repose from a condition which cannot longer lie endired is the en forced pacification of Cuba. In the name of humanity , in the name o( civ ilization, in behalf of endangered Amer ican interests, which gives us the right and duty to speak and to act, the war in Cuba must stop. WHAT UKNKKAL GRANT SAID. President Grant, in 18K5, after discuss ing the phases ol the contest as it then appeared and its hopeleas and apparent indefinite prolongation, said. "In such event I am of th opinion that other nations will be compelled to assume the responsibility which de volves upon them and to so seriously consider the only remaining measures possible, mediation and intervention. Owing, perhaps to the large expanse of water separating tbe island from the peninsula, the contending parties ap pear to have within themselves no de pository of common conadence to auk- jgest wisdom when passion and excite ment have their sway, and to assume the part.of peacemakers. In this oaBe, in the earlier days of he conteet, the good offices of the United States as a mediator were tendered in good faitb, without Belfiuh purpose, in the interest of humanity and sincere friendship for both parties, but were at the time d e clined by Spain with the declaration, nevertheless, that at a future time thev would be indispensible. No intimation has been received that in the opinion that time has been reached, and yet the strife continues with all its dread hor rors and its injuries to the interests of the United States and of other nations. "Each party Beems quite capable of working great injury and damage to the other, as well as to all the relations and interests dependent upon the existence of peace in the island, but they teem incapable of reaching any adjustment, and both have thus far failed of achiev ing any success whereby one par'y shall possess and control the island to the exclusion of the other. Under the cir cumstances the agency of other, either by mediation or by intervention, seems to be the only alternative which muBt sooner or later be invoked for the ter mination of the strife.'' HKFKR8 IT TO CONGRESS. In view of these facte and these con siderations, I ask the congress to au thorize and empower the president to take measures to secure a full settle ment and termination of hostilities between the government of Spain and the people of Cuba, and to secure in the island the establishment of a stable government capable of maintaining order and observing its international obligations, insuring peace and tran quility and tbe security of its citizens, as well as our own, and to use the mili tary and naval forces of the United States as may be necessary for these purposes, and in the interest of human ity and to aid in preserving the lives of the starving people of the island, I re commend that the distribution ol food and supplies be continued and that an appropriation be made out of the public treasury to supplement the chsnty of our citizens. The issue is now with congress. It is a solemn responsibility, i nave ex hausted every effort to relieve the in tolerable condition of affairs which is at our doors. Prepared to execute every obligation imposed upon me by the con stitution and the laws, I await your ac tion. CLKVKLAN D QUOTEO. In the last annual message of my im mediate predecessor, during the pend- ing struggle, it was said: "When the inability of Spain to deal successfully with the insurrection has become manifest and it is demonstrated that its sovereignty is extinct in Cubs for all purposes of its rightful existence and when a hopeless struggle for its re establishment has degenerated into a strife which means nothing more than the useless sacrifice of human life and the litter destruction of tbe very subject matter of the conflict, a situation will be presented in which our obligations to tbe sovereignty of Spain will be su perseded by higher obligations, which we can hardly hesitate to recognize and discharge. TIME TO ACT IS I1KRK. In my annual message to congress. December last, speaking to this question I Baid : "Tbe near future will demonstrate whether the iodispensible condition ol a lighteous peace, just alike to the Cubans and to Spain, as well as equit able to all our interests so intimately involved in the w elfare of Cuba, is likely to be attained. If not, the exigency of further and other action by tbe United States will remain to be taken. When tbe time, comes that action will be determined in the line of indisputable right and duty. It will be faced with out misgiving or hesitancy in the light of the obligation this government owes to itself, to tbe people who have con fided to it tbe protection of their inter ests and honor, and to humanity. "Sure of the right, keeping free from all offense ourselves, actuated only by upright and patriotic considerations, moved neither by mansion nor selllsh nes", tbe government will continue its watchful care over the rights and prop erty of the American citizens and will abate none of its efforts to bring about by peaceful agencies a peace which shall be honorable and enduring. If it shall hereafter appear to be a duty imposed by our obligations to ourselves, to civili zation and humanity to intervene with force, it. shall be without fault on our part and on'y because the necessity for such action will hu so clear as to com mend (he support and approval of the civilized world." (I RANTING OK AKM1HTICB. Yestwlay and since the preparation of the foregoing message, official inform, ation was received by me that the latest decree of the queen regent of Spaiu directs (ieneral Blanco, in order to pre pare and facilitate peace, to proclaim a suspension of hostilities, the duration and details of which have not yet been communicated to me. This fuel, with every other pertinentconsideration, will 1 am sure, have your just and careful attention in the solemn deliberation upon which you are aboil, to enter. If this measure attains a successful h-mi!;, then our aspirations as a Chri-t i.m, peace-loving people, will lie realized. 1' it fails it will lie only another juat.ll n tion ol our contemplated action. WllXtAM McKini.kv, Executive Mansion, April 11. London Truth suggests that as Au trian princes are called archdukes, Gfl man princes should henceforth stylo themselves archangels, to empbaslsfl the gospel of his sacred majesty's per' Hon. Mrs. Annie llurd Dyer is translating into .Japanese the two novels by Jamea l.une Allen, entitled "A Kentucky Car dinal'1' and "Aftermath." Both book display so fine a feeling for nature and so delicate a sense of beauty that it ft thought they will appeal peculiarly f ) the Japanese uiind. Under the title of "The Revolutiona" Pictures," a collection bus been madewf the original paintings and drawings illustrating Senator Lodge's "Story of the Revolution" now appearing In sVrlhner'H Magazine. This collection of pictures forms an Impressive gallery; of revolutionary art, worth many thou sands of dollars. They are now being exhibited In various cities throughout the country under the auspices of tho local patriotic societies. Jerome K. Jerome, who has relin quished the editorship of both tbe Idle and To-Day, has a short humorous nov el ready for publication early in tbe year. Literature says that all Mr. Je rome's books have been translated Iota Norwegian, and In Germany, Fmage, Uussla and Scandinavia he Is one l the very few English writers at all 01 known. Having successfully carried his new volume of poems through the press Ed mund Clarence Stedman proposes ta devote some laltor to another anthology; similar in scope to that In which hi traversed the poetry of the Victorian era, but dealing with American verse. Like Its predecessor, the new collection will serve as a companion to the edi tor's critical writings on the subject. In Great Britain 0.244 new books and 1,082 new editions were published dur ing 1897, according to the Publishers' Circular. The various classes Into which these books are divided main tain their relative proportions to tho whole with two exceptions: books on law have decreased In number notice ably, while tbe proKrtion of books on political and economical subject has Increased even more noticeably. Tbe speech by w hich Gabrielle dr Annunzlo obtained the suffrages of th Itoman rustics contained not one single allusion to any of those vital questions which make up the essence of modern Italian politics. The fact that this nov elty in electioneering oratory should have gained Its end, and that the authox of "The Triumph of Death" sits to-dav In the Representative Chamber al Rome has caused much chagrin to his enemies, who have seriously contem plated lodging a petition against D'Annunzio's return. A Generous Uiioliess. It Is generally agreed that the dom inant note ot" the churn cter of the late Duchess of Teck was her amiability, but that term does inadequate justice, to the heart from w hich it sprung. She was charity Itself, and a wonderful or ganizer of charitable relief on a large scale. It is sa.Id that she ra ve out of her own pocket a good fifth of tho annual amount granted to her by Parliament, and a story, vouched for by tbe St. James' Budget, shows that she knew how to give on a small scale; to be gen erous In mind as well as with money. There were to lx some festivities at White IxNlgc, the Richmond residence of the duchess, and an Invitation was sent to the secretary of a charity in which the duchess was Interested. By a later sst the young lady received a letter from a friend, a-sking her to a tennis party which was to be held tho same day. Next morning lxiili invitations were ficknowiedgod, but the replies were carelessly put In the wrong envelopes. The duchess opened the letter in which the writer declared to her friend that she was very sorry she could not come to tennis, because "Stout Mary" had asked her to White Lodge, and she was lxnmd to go. The day duly arrived, and the frank young lady was warmly welcomed by the duchess, who afterward took her aside and laughing said: "My dear girl, I know I am stout, but I cannot help It. Yon should be more careful In iststing your letters, and never forget that you do not know who will remd n hat you write. Don't apolo gize. I have forgiven you." ' Christy Minstrels. 'Iii)? Toronto Saturday Night tells the following story of liean Vnughan. Ho had been preparing som! colored cler gymen for mission work, and h;ul In vited them to dine with Lim In the Temple. (in that day Mrs. Vaughn n waited an hour In the dni.wlng room for her guests, hut none came. At last she mentioned to the butler that It was odd that the Invited guests did not appear. "Yes. ma'ain," he replied, "and what's odder slill, I've dono nothing all the evening but turn Christy Minstrels uvay from the door." Thunderstorms In Jkhih'ch. At port Royal, Rnmalca, for six months In the year thunderstorms are almost of daily occurrence, and guests to picnics and garden parties nre usual ly, Invited to Hsscmi'ble "after tho thttn difslorni." When actors quarrel they can resort to the make-up lsx. Matrimony often tsumsi love's sweet dream Into a horrid nightmare.