SIOUX COUNTY JOURNAL. CEO. D. CANON, Editor. HARRISON', - NKIJRASKA. NEBRASKA STATE NEWS. Seidell Trott ifl the appropriate name of a livery table kept in Kearney. Fifteen Hooper women, tired of their preeent condition, have banded to gether and organized a woman's club. A Nebraska City man whose vocal cords were paralyzed was so tickled to see his grand children that he re covered his voice. Two Harrisburg men saw a thousand antelope in a bunch out in Wyoming, but the weather was too warm for them to bring any of the game home. The Nebraska City papers are troubled over the momentous question whether it is truly metropolitan or not to publish party tickets in the papers. The Florence Bulletin thinks that if it is impolite to "gawk" at pretty things in a strange house, the owner has no business to have them there to be gawked at Oliver Perry of Table Rock was awarded $250 damages for a broken leg caused by a defective sidewalk. He was suing the city of Table Rock and he asked for $2,000. Two red-headed and one tow-headed boy ran away from Plattsmouth in braska City caught and jugged them braska City caught and jugslel them before the combination set fire to any thing. Like the smell of new mown hay upon the evening breeze comes the fol lowing familiar words from the Banner County News: "Don't forget that we are in need of hay, corn, vegetables and wood and will allow you the high est market price." Owing to the crowded condition of the primary department of the Shelton schools the school board at a special meeting last week voted to add another teacher. Mrs. Lucas has been secured to take charge of a part of the primary scholars. There are sixty-two enrolled, this number being more than ever be fore. T. J. Wise, alias F. J. Wagner, alias "Big M-ike," who was under arrest at Fremont, where he had been indicted by the grand jury for shooting Night Operator Pargeter of the Union Pacific, one night last May, when he and an other man tried to rob the station, and who broke jail the night of September 26, has been recaptured at Wharton, Kas. He will be taken back to Fre mont. The mortgage record for Red Wil low county for the month of September makes the following showing: Farm mortgages filed, $2,373, released, $11. 753. The city mortgage filings are $500, with $800 released. In chattel mortgages the filings aggregated $24, 818 and releases $18,485. The tax col lections for the month exceeded any thing in the history of the county, $7,883. The little two-year-old daughter of Alex Balderson, a prominent farmer living two miles west of Cortland, was bitten by a rattlesnake last even n , while playing on the cellar stair and is in a verycritical condition with very little hope of recovery. Medical aid was at once summoned, but before it reached her the arm was swollen to the shoulder and the poison well circulated through the system. F. G. Gooche, an employee of the Burlington & Missouri, was in the back room of the Capitol hotel at Lincoln Saturday night in an intoxicated con dition. Charles Burnet, a colored por ter, attempted to eject him and Gooche showed fight, using a spittoon as a weapon. Burnet struck him across the neck with a ball bat, knocking him senseless. Gooche was taken home and is thought to be in a serious condition. The fourth annual Phelps county fair closed at Bertrand Saturday. In point of attendance and attractive features It fully justified the expectations and promises of the management and was financially and in every way e great success. The liberal purses offered brought a fine string of horses Into competition and the races were excep tionally good, giving the best of satis faction. Fine weather brought out large crowds on the second and thiid days, the paid admissions numbering about 1,000 and 1,500 respectively. Last Wednesday morning fire broke out at the home of S. W. Horten at Benson. The fire started in a little room used as a storeroom In the base ment joining the kitchen. It was first discovered by Mrs. Horten, who was alone at the time, and only prevented a rapid spread of the flames by closing all the doors of the room. The alarm was then given, and it did not take long for a number of men to put the Are out before much damage was done. The damage is covered by insurance. The Are started from a defective flue. Word wag brought to Beatrice last Friday of the burning of the large barn of Frederick Littemeier, who lires near Clatonia. Littemeier's son William, 13 years old, whs burned to death. The boy was sleeping in the hay mow. The huel man was also to sleep there, but had sat up to visit with a friend and was about to go to bed when he detected smoke In the building and started to locate the fire. He Anally started after the boy and had got to the opening leading down stairs when he was partially overcome by the smoke and, leaving the boy, fled from the burning structure. The building burned rapidly and is a total Ions, together with eleven head of horses, 800 bushels of corn, 1,000 bush els of oats, a quantity of wheat and rye, thirty tons of hay, farm machin ery, wagons, etc. The aggregate loss la over $5,000. The amount of insur ance could not be learned. Origin of the lire unknown. CANDIDATES FOR REGENTS IMPORTANCE OF NEW LIFE IN THE UNIVERSITY. Everv Department in State Affairs Shows a Need For New Brooms Short Sketh of the Candidates of the Reform Forces. So far no state institution nor branch of state government has failed to show the great need of a change of officials. Nebraska's state university is no ex ception to the rule. The management of these higher institutions of learning is of vital importance and should be taken and kept out of the bands of po litical cliques. The nominees of the united reform forces are both excellent educators. They are not bookish on school mat ters and foolish on all others, but they are thoroughly practical, having been made so by their constant association with the people. No doubt the readers of this paper and the friends of Nebraska's great university feel an interest in these two gentlemen which warrants a personal mention of them. E. V. FORELL. E. V. Forell was born in LaSalle county, 111., near the city of Ottawa, in the year LS65. He is of German par entage, and is distinctively a self-made man. Reared on the farm in Illinois until eighteen years of age he had no chance to attend school except in win ter and then at the home district. In 183 his parents settled In Thayer county on a farm four miles from Chester. Young Forell began to breathe in the progressive Nebraska spirit, and at the age of twenty he entered a nor mal school in Kansas, of which J. M. Reid was president, a man whose worth is known to a large number of Nebraska people. Two years later he was happily married to Miss Mary Walker, and for the next three years he taught in country and graded school, climbing upward in his chosen profession. His old determination to get an education again took possession of him, and he entered Fairfield col lege in September, 18S9, working his cwn way through and graduating with honors and the degree of A. B. in 1894. He, however, continued at the school pursuing some of the higher studies and teaching bookkeeping, German and penmanship. The following year he was offered and accepted the chair of German and history at the same col lege. At the close of the year 1895 he resigned his school work and moved to Kearney, Buffalo county, as pastor of the Christian Church, which work he followed very successfuly until last spring, when he accepted the Chap laincy of the State Industrial School for Boys, located in his home town. Mr. Forell is a man well liked by all who know him. His home life is ex ceptionally happy and pleasant. He has one child, a little boy of two years of age. He has always voted the in dependent ticket and is a man of strong political convictions, a very striking personality, is a good campaigner and will be elected by a majority of such dimensions that his friends will be proud of the man they have supported and the campaign he has made. GEORGE F. KENOWER. George F. Kenower was bora at Car lyle, Clinton county, Illinois, forty three years ago, of sturdy Pennsylvania Dutch parentage. His youth was spent upon a farm near his native town, where he was trained to habits of thrift and industry. After completing the studies taught in the district school and that of the neighboring village, he entered the Illinois State University at Champaign, and completed the full course of studies in the school of Eng lish and modern languages in the Col lege of literature and science. He was valedictorian and president of the class of 1875, which numbered thirty-six students. In 1880 he was granted the degree of Master of Letters. After leaving the university he engaged in teaching in St. Clair county, Illinois, and taught eight years, three in rural and five In graded schools, the last two being in the High school depart ment at Belleville, 111. Mr. Kenower took a leading position among the teachers of his county, and was presi dent of the St. Clair County Teachers association for three years. He was granted a life certificate as a profes sional teacher in 1880, being one of four successful aplicants out of fifty-two who attempted to pass the examination that year. In 1881 Mr. Kenower was appointed on the Board of Regents of his Alma Mater by Governor Cullom, to fill a vacancy In the board, upon the recommendation and petition of the alumni association and students of the university, being the first alumnus to receive that honor. He was reappoint ed by Governor Hamilton in 1883. Mr. Kenower resigned his position at Belleville In 1883 to take editorial charge of the Belleville Advocate, the oldest and most Influential republican newspaper in Southern Illinois. In 1886 he located at Wisner, Cuming county, Nebraska, where he purchased the then recently established Wisner Chronicle which he rapidly built up un til it became a profitable and influential journal. Although he has other and somewhat extensive interests in his section of the state, his time and en ergies are chiefly devoted to the man agement of The Chronicle. Mr. Kenower was nurtured in the principles of the republican party and all of his life prided himself upon his stalwart devotion to that party. In sympathy with the masses of the com mon people, be tended to the side of the anti-monopoly element in the re publican party, and In 1894 supported the candidacy of Governor Holcomb with all his energy. He was an ardent advocate of the remonetlzatlon of sll rer, and when his party last year de serted its old financial principles and became a gold monometallic party, he repudiated the name of republican and followed the standard of bimetallism and supported Bryan and the entire silver and fusion ticket. He has vlg orously demanded a reform in the ad ministration of state affairs, and to that end has labored for the supremacy of the people s movement. Mr. Kenower Is a man of positive convictions, and uncompromisingly follows the dictates of bis conscience in politics In all other concerns of life. Hi Integrity and the purity of his life have neer been questioned, ftnd those who know him best are glad to b-ar witness to hl worth. A student him-' self, he has always taken a lively In terest In educational matters; a suc cessful businessman, he is practical and safe. As a contemporary and admlrerj has said, the reform forces of the state could not have found a letter or more worthy man In the state for the re-1 gency of the university than Mr. Ken-; ower. He will bring to the discharge of the important office for which he Is nominated valuable experience, emi nent qualifications and a taste for ed ucational matters. The voters of Ne braska may confidently entrust to his care the welfare of the great and grow ing university which is the just pride of our state and the crowning glory of a grand system of public education, j School Lands in Demand. Niobrara, Neb., Oct. 11. Oommis missioner of Public Iands and Build ings Wolfe closed the leases of all Knox county school lands yesterday. The attendance at the bidding was larger than at any other in the state, and the bonuses netted the most, amounting to $910. The highest bonus was $271 on a quarter section. Tent MeetinRS at Tocumseh. j Teoumseh, Neb., Oct. 11. The tent; meetings here in charge of State Evan gelist Davis of the Baptist association and Rev. T. D. Davis of Tecumseh. which were discontinue 1 the past week on account of the meeting of the asso ciation at Pawnee City, will be con tinued, beginning tomorrow. The same men will be in charge. A Bii Ice House. Ashland, Neb., Oct. 11. Phil Armour has decided to locate a big ice house at Memphis, a few miles from Ashland, : and it will be the largest in the world. : The i-e house will be a third larger ! than the one in Omaha and the latter has a capacity of 100,000 tons, five of i the rooms holding 20,0oo tons each. . Tried to Jump Into the Creek. j Niobrara, Neb., Oct. 11. Mrs. George W. Sawyer, who was missing for sev eral days, was found in a cornfield j three miles from her home. When her ! pursuers came upon her she fled to a ! creek, and tried to jump in, but was caught before she could accomplish her i purpose. STATE NOTES. Tekamah Is putting on metropolitan airs, and the Bulletin feels it neces sary to warn its readers against con men in their midst. Senator F. Q. Feltz of Keith county has filed two complaints before the State Board of Transportation; one other against the express companies doing business in the state, and the other against telegraph companies. In each he claims that the companies are charging extortionate rales and that the business is such that an unreason ably large and excessive profit is re ceived on the investment of each of said companies. He asks that the com panies be required to answer the charges and that an order be made re ducing th rates 33 1-3 per cent. Mr. Nelson, a young man living north of Florence, went to the house of Jacob Ivong Wednesday night when Mr. Ixng was absent, frightened Mrs. Iong from t lie house and built a fiie in the stove and then sat on the stove until part of his clothing was burned off. Mr. Ixing upon returning home took him off the stove and brought him to Florence, where he was taken care of by the city marshal until the county commissioners came for him and took him to the county hospital He imagines he is cold all the time and wants to build a fire and get into it or sit on a stove. Rather a simple short-change trick was operated upon the Adams Express company at Omaha the other day, which left their accounts $10 out of balance. A stranger entered the office and requested the favor of having a $10 bill changed for two fives. This was done and the stranger, after a moment's hesitation, asked if the of fice could give him $2 for the two fives and another ten. When these were produced the man carelessly pocketed the twenty and the two fives and disappeared. When the intrica cies of the transaction had resolved themselves In the mind of the cashier he discovered that the two- $5 bills were his just due and so notified the police. A good story is told of the late Dr. Von Stephan, postmaster general of Germany. One day, when he was on an inspection tour, he overheard an instrument in a local telegraph office clicking his name. This is what he heard: "Iok out for squalls. Stephan is somewhere on the line. He will be poking his nose everywhere." The postmaster general smiled, and then went to the key and flashed back this reply: "Too late. He has already poked his nose in here. Stephan." John Ruskin is 78 years old and Is not expected to live very much longer. His mind has given way and he is feeble in body. He spends mo- of his time planting bulbs, and then the next day unearthing them to see how they are growing. A recent visitor to Brant wood, his home on Conlston Lake, saw him wandering in the park, talking to the trees, patting them, scolding them as though they were dogs or children. And of this man it was said not Jong ago, that the nineteenth century would be remembered in future ages chiefly because Ruskin lived in It and wroto In it. He has spent the $1,000,000 In herited from bis father and the fortune he made by his pen. The Russians are at present making vigorous efforts in the direction of a religious propaganda in Syria, and to this end are subsidizing on nn exten sive scale the orthodox schools estab lished in the principal centers, such ss Tripoli. Bcyrout, Damascus and Ifaiffa. Six new schools are to be established before long. One of the conditions of this liberality, viz., that th Russian language should be thoroughly taught In the schools, has caused a certain amount of discontent in the community. LISTENED TO SENATOR ALLEN i NEBRASKANS WELCOMED AT NASHVILLE. Nebraska Day a Crowning Event In the History of the Tennessee Ex positionSenator Allen Delivers an Oration. Nashville, Tenn., Oct. '.The cele bration of Nebraska day at the Ten nessee Continentlal exposition last Fri day was a notable success. Thousands of people were present, every regular and special train being crowded. W. J. Bryan. Governo.- Hol comb and staff, Governor Taylor end staff, prominent citizens of Nebraska Tennessee and adjacent states formed a procession and paraded to the. expo sition grounds. Among the features of the procession were detachmenis of United States cavalry, Irish Ianeer3 and German cuirassiers from Buffalo Bill's Wild West show. The exercises at the Auditorium consisted of ad dresses by Hon. James Head, Governor Taylor, Colonel A. S. Colver, Governor Holcomb, W. J. Bryan, Senator Allen and Hon. W. L. Stark. A public recep tion was given the Nebraska visitors, followed by a luncheon. SENATOR ALLEN'S SPEECH. Senator Allen ,in his address, said In part: "Tennessee Is among the first and very best states of the union, being third In her admission after the forma tion of the government. On her own application she was admitted to the sisterhood of states in June, 179'!, and we of Nebraska rejoice with you that the history of the state I so full of glorious deeds and splendid events. Ne braskans know of your great water ways and mountain ranges, of your splendid soil ;your rich mineral de posits and agricultural products; of your famous blue grass regions; of your flocks and herds; of your elee mosynary institutions; of your schools, colleges and churches; they know also of the glory of the men, and the beauty of the women of Tennessee; of your far-famed horses, and, in fine, of every thing that has made, and will continue to make this state a favored spot, and an inseparable part of the United States. My first visit to Nashville was not under as auspicious circumstances as the present. I came when the union was in peril, and when the question whether this government should sur vive or perish depended on the sheer force of men, for all were alike brave. I came here in 1864 as a member of the union army under General John B. Hood; and here on your soil, and in view of the spot where I now stand, on December 15 and 16, of that year, a great battle was fought. In which, as a private soldier, I participated. 1 have come now for the first time since that great battle, and when peace and good will reign supreme; when sectional feeling has disappeared; when the men of the north and of the south meet as brothers and mingle as thv should; and when the bitterness of the war is no longer felt. I have come at a time when Tennessee is looking her best and when she Is wearing her Sunday j clothing. I have come now on a mis- i sion of peace, of fraternity and good will. I have come to assist you, as far as is within my power, to successfully celebrate your centennial exposition and to add my mite to your happiness and prosperity. I have come also as a representative of one of the younger and fairest states in the union. "Commercial and social intercourse as well as intermarriage have done much very much and will do more, to soften the sentiment of the sections that has heretofore existed but beyond these, and better still, there will be the consciousness of all, that we are of common blood, origin and destiny, and that we must act in harmony to pro mote the real greatness and glory of our country. Passion may rend and sepa rate for a time, but passion is an un wise consellor and an unsafe guide. Public sentiment, which is, I nd must continue to be. the final arbiter of all public questions and policies, Is rapidly becoming educated to the fact that dis putes of a political character must be settled by the ballot and not by vio lence. But I am here my friends to speak more particularly of Nebraska, and I want to say a word in favor of that state of boundless plains and generous people. You in Tennessee, who are rich In the memories of a great stale of long and splendid history, may not have given to Nebraska much atten tion, passing It with the thought that it is a young and growing common wealth of heterogeneous population, possessing no history of consequence and destined to remain on the frontier for many years. But I am proud to say to you that America no longer has a frontier, except those portions of our domain washed by the oceans and th Gulf of Mexico, and bounded by Can ada, for in exery state and territory of the union civilization can be found in Its highest form and Is rapidly Increas ing and becoming more permanent and widespread and permeating every spot of this hemisphere. The eastern half of Nebraska la as fertile as th valley of the Nile. It an nually produces enormous crops of all the staple cereals and grass s, and Is a typical agricultural and stock rais ing country. The western half has much valuable agricultural land, al though a large part of It Is more prop erly devoted to pastoral pursuits. Ne braska, as a whole, Is one of the best Btates In the union. The climate 1h genial In summer and not unpleasant In winter, notwithstanding there are occasionally severe storms. But they are of short duration, and the winter, with the thermometer at 30 degrees he low zero, Is not felt more keenly than In Tennessee, a molster climate, at zero. Nebraska Is a perfect state In point of health-giving qualities. I know of no place where there Is such universal good health as In thnt slate. The climate Is not debilitating, but energiz ing, and those who come among us from other state soon find themselves In a bracing atmosphere and returning to health and energy. Of course our history covers but a few years. From a few sparse settle ments of a few thousand people, along the western bank of th Missouri riv er, forty years ago, .Nebrimka has In creased in population to nearly a mil lion and a half of human bplng. Where, a thrii of a century ago, the buffalo ranged are now found cities and towns of large commercial and ed ucational Importance, containing a pop ulation, that in point of refinement, and all the qualities that make good citizens and bright men and women, stands in the very front rank of the best manhood and womanhood of the United States. We have scattered over our plains schools and churches by the thousands, numberless academies and colleges and many universities, where our children can get as good an educa tion as can be obtained on the con tinent, and we have an intellectual and God-fearing people, who read and think for themselves, and who cannot be ex celled in the manly and womanly vir tues by those of any other section of this country. My friends, next year will be held In Omaha, the metropolis of Nebraska, a city possessing 160,000 inhabitants, under the auspices of the Trasmississ ippi congress, the Transmississlppi and International Exposition, to which we cordially and heartily invite the people of Tennessee and the southern states. It is by no means an easy task to leave an established community where one was lorn and reared and go into a new and unsettled land, burdened with cramped financial conditions, if not handicapped by absolute proverty, i and successfully lay the foundation of a great state. A people capable of such to work must possess qualities that commend them to the sober Judgment of all, and they certainly deserve well of their kind. Those who had the courage to invade the untrodden soil of Nebraska and establish the foundation on which the state rests found many inconveniences and hardships to en counter. The land was to be broken and the soil subdued, and the usual period of experimental farming was to be undergone before agriculture could be said to be a success. Homes were to be built, bloodthirsty savages en countered and subdued, transportation lines established, cities and vilages, school houses, churches and public In stitutions to be reared and, In a word, everything was to le done from the foundation, under the most trying cir cumstances and inconvenience. I feel confident that for our people, who have made such a heroic struggle, there is nothing but admiration in the breasts of the noble men and women of the south. But amid the toll, struggles and privations of pioneer life the people of Nebraska have found time to In form themselves and provide means for their children to obtain a liberal educa tion, and there Is now no excuse for any young man or woman leaving the state to get as good an education as can be obtained elsewhere. The struggle of a long pioneer ex- j perlence makes It desirable that our ex- , position shall be a success, and that t you, as well as our fellow citizens throughout the land, shall visit us and , see the progress we have made. My friends. I want you to come to Nebrns- . ka next year, and join with us Inmak Ing the cloning days of the nineteenth ; century the best and most brilliant of our national history. Give us the ben efit of your ripe experience and mature ' Judgment, and afford us an opportunity to show you our hospitality. In the sun-kissed land of many rivers, lying to the westward of the great Missouri, where civilization Is yet new. but well developed, we need your encourage ment and aid, not material aid, but moral encouragement, and if we can persuade some of your young men and young women to settle with us, we will assure them a hearty welcome and an equal opportunity with all In the race for wealth and station. Behold, my fellow citizens, the lm- ; portant events that have been crowd ed Into a little over a renturv of na- , tlonal existence. Civilization has grown and spread until It now extends in Its ; highest form and greatest development j from ocean to ocean, and from Canada : to the gulf. Powerful aboriginal sav age tribes have been steadily and grad- ; ually pushed back from their native ; fastnesses until they are now broken ; fragments of a once mighty people, j scattered over the plains of the great ; west, invoking the sympathy and ask- i Ing the aid of those who have succeed- j ed them. They are rapidly fading from the earth, and within a few decades at most they will be numbered among the extinct types of the human family, vic tims of the Inexorable law of the survi val of the fittest. All these and other Important events I have not now time to mention at length are the work of a little over a hundred years of deveopment and pa tient industry under a free govern ment. They are being swept into th vortex of the centuries by other events, but like the pillars of a temple, they cannot be dispensed with In the great structure of free government we are building. Iyct us add to the greatness and glory of our country, let there be universal accord and good will among the people, and let us work In harmony as brothers and sisters for the un building of the race and the nation, and thus perform well our duty In our day and generation. GREATEST DAY AT NASHVILLE. Nashville, Tenn., Oct. 11. Bryan has come and gone, but his speech is still with the people of Nashville. His ad dress was pronounced by many as one of the finest efforts of his life. Tin crowd present to hear Is variously esti mated at from 10,000 to 20.000. It Is now settled beyond doubt that Nebraska day was altogether the great est day of the exposition. The gate re ceipts were alout $5,000 more than for any other. The Nebraska party today drove out to the battlefield of Atlanta, where Thomas defeated Hood thirty-three years ago. The party was accompanied by Senator Bate of Tennessee, who was one of the generals In that battle on the confederate side. Senator Allen was also a soldier In this battle in the ranks of the union army. Together the two went over the scenes of their struggles, Senator Allen showing the eiact line o -harge In which he parti cipated which decided the fata of the eooteat. TUB TENDENCY OF THE TIMES. That the tendency U to the loncn tratlon of Industry the hand of corporations " (ir'"1 ,,,,'"in " ,J as In the United Hales Is hoi If the fact that tb nuinUr ot industrial companies In England has iikth.m-4 from 8,692, Hh a capital of il'-v " DiM, to 2 1.2-3, Wi. Hu a cnttbl or 1 145 000,000. in 1 Municipal or municipally sul sidd labor registries, where woikingmen may register for emplovn;i,t or em ployers may apply for woikrnen, exist in most of the German cities. I he total number of situation" offend dur ing June by employers through thirty six of these was 22.62!; while 2fv.a2 situations were sought. The large influx of foreign-born, workingmen into Pennsylvania has lei to the passage by that state of a law which provides that all persons, firm or corporations employing one or more foreign-born, unnaturalized male jcr aon, over 21 years of age, shall be tax ed 3 cents per day for each day mi h such persona shall be employed. One half of the fund is to be used for school purposes, and the otbr half for defraying the general expenses of county government. The act took effect July 1 It Intention, as stated in the preface, is to protect citizen laborers of America against the competition of citizens, in other countries. The evil of the employment cf ali'n labor has been felt chiefly in the min ing industries, large numbers of Huns and Slavs being employed. The re turns show the average pay of a Penn sylvania Iron miner Is J 259 a year, find that the average pay of a coal miwr Is $"37, in the same state. In Switzerland from the sma:iest vil lages It Is possible to telephone to any place In the country at a fee of from 2 to 8 cents on Instruments on wbiih one can' he;.r with perfect distinctness and which are kept In perfect repair. The number of towns in Great Brit sin that own and rent sanitary dwell ings to the working classes is con stantly increasing liecauae of the suc cess of the experiment. The district council of Hornsey, one of the Ixridon districts, recently decided to creel a series of Individual dwellings at a co:-t of $150,000. Two classi s of cottages are to be provided, one of seven roon.n, to rent for $7.50 per month, and the other of six rooms, to rent for $6,50 per month. Glasgow has found i's system of municipal dwellings so prof itable that it has purchased property in the suburbs to provide further low priced sanitary accommodations. The city of Huddersfleld, in England, was the first to adopt the plan of con structing and operating Us own street railway. The city's balanre sheet shows that during the year ended March 31. 197, its receipts from the street railway were $115,256, with ex penses of $03,970, the surplus being $51,221. The city now has in operation a system of parcel delivery and, in Auc gust of 1S97. completed a year s exp'il ment In using the street railway line for the removal of refuse, trucks bein run at stated intervals. The experi ment has been most successful. Nearly two hundred cities in this country now own and operate electric lighting plants, and the number is con stantly Increasing. The recently published budget shews that during the last flcl yeur tb profits of the railroads opern'cd ly the Japanese government we re $6.(0. 000 gross and $2,71o.OuO net. This is in spite of the fact that railways in Japan have been of recent development, for it Is twenty years since the first rail way, eighteen miles long, and which ran from Yokohama to Tokio. was completed. The railroads have been constructed on American methods, ex cept as to financiering, and most cf .the material and rolling stock has been sent there from this country. The state owns and operates 593 mlies, while 1,697 are the property of in dividuals. The report of the United States col lector of internal revenue for the year ending July 31, 197, shows an Increase in the liquor out-put of only 1.793.S35 gallons, while the ordinary annual in crease has been 8,000,000 gallons. There has been an actual decrease in the con sumption of cigars, the receipts hav ing fallen off $523,760, or about 4 per cent. These decreases are variously ascribed to the growth of the tem perance sentiment and to the hard times. Most of the ferries In New York are owned by the city, but are leaded to private corporations. Under the new charter the Dock Board has the right to provide for municipal operation and under the leadership of Erastui Wl man a fight is being made for that Tfcrm. Investigations made by German dcrn ographiHts show that the rich live long and the poor die earlv. Th mortality of Infants among the noble families of Germany Is 5.7 per cent, while among the poor of Berlin it Is 84 5 per cent. Diseases arise from the conditions under which the working men labor and live. For some years past the state rail ways of Austria have granted two weeks' vacation annually to their em ployes. The private-owned railways have not ben as liberal, hence tiie Austrian railroad minister recently made an appeal to the railroad man agers to grant their men the sum priv ileges, on the ground that It would promote their efficiency. The gross earnings of the govern ment owned railroads of Russia in 1896 were CV4 per cent greater than In 1895, amounting to $9,102 per mile of road, against $9,095 In 1895, the mils age having ben Increased. State operation of railways will be in an issue In the coming campaign In North Carolina. Senator Butler Is op posed to any further extension of the lease of the state's railroad lines to private corporations, and Governor Russel has taken the same position. The New Zealand official year-book for 1897 contains an Interesting ar ticle dealing with the land system cf the colony. The chief features ol this system are State ownership of soli, perpetual tenancy for the occupier, end fixed rental value based upon the as sumed value of the land nt the time of disposal. The "unearned Increment" Is secured to the state by the land (ax, and nt the same time the tenant's Im provements are secured to him. The well known Torrens system of land transfers la employed in making conveyances.