INTERSTATE COMMERCE
i la Not Aatborisad ta
Vis Arbitrary Ratea.
. . . .
or many yesuu tue merchants or
Chicago trading with the South have
Ud to contend against unjust discrim
Aatiotui la freight rates set up againat
htno by the Southern railroad.
Although the mileage la greater from
Xw York to such central Southern
ointa at Atlanta, Chattanooga and
inoxville than from Chicago, the
freight rates from Chicago to those and
ike pouv,., have bwji greater than they
ire from New York, and this dlscrimi
Jation h.:s enabled New York to bold
:b Southern trad against Chicago.
After the establishment of the inter
ate commerce couMnitwlim the attempt
ras made to ge the commission to
jataiajsh equitable rates, and finally
Jje commission promulgated a sclied
1k from Chicago to Southern points
lad ordered the roads to adopt it. They
ef used and suit was brought to compel
diem to obey. The case wa.s first heard
rwo years ago In the United Stales Cir
:ult Court at Cincinnari and decided
igalnst the commission. The appeal
las now been de-te-rmined lu tlie Su
preme Court of the United States and
&e Judgment of the lower court af
Irmed. The case Is of more than ordinary in
terest, not omly as a ttmwt ruction of the
Jaterstate com merce law in reflect to
Che supposed power of the commission
io establish maximum freight rates,
ut ateo as Indicating' the difficulty of
lrawlng a law that will firmly hold in
control the elusive railroad. Most cer
tainly one or the evils that raw mU-r-ttate
commerce law was Intended to
-Ittrtrain and Interdict was such dis
Irimination as this of which Cliicago
merchants complain. It was passed to
xwnpel the roads to deal Justly and
aqultably with all, but tlie court finds
that the law does not authorize the
iouimisslon to fix and establish a tariff
f rates for any railroad.
The opinion of the court is delivered
by Mr. Justice Brewer, and his reason
ing Is undoubtedly weighty. He holds
ihat the comiulsevion is an adminlstra
3ve and judicial lssly, with highly Im
portant duties to discharge, but having
lo legislative powers. To prescrits- a
-schedule of rates, or to change. Is a Leg
islative power which Congress has not
ielogated to the commis-siou, and it is
4 function of so much imiortance and
lelleacy that in the absence of express
words autlioriziug its exeix.-i.se it is m,i
to be presumed. Moreover, the riglit
rf the carrier to fix rates is recognized
in the law in eh-ar language, so that
w( can be no inference that Cong res
attended that the
com mission should
3x the rates, though it Is oue of its du
iles to see tluit all clwrges by the rail
roads are rea.sona.ble and jnst.
If Congi-ejis did inteisl to place the j
wwer of fixing the maximum charges
to be made by Interstate railroad it i
will now have to try it over again and j
unend thtt law. j
No great law ever ttccomeg fixwl on J
&e statute lsok until it has been tried j
UmI tested many tfunes a.n! in many '
rays. It Is said of the statute of frauds ;
' that every line of It has cost a king's I
ransom, ami it is possible that tJie name
-will be saikl of this la.w ls-fore its terms
tod scope iw finally SKttled. It lwis not
"tome ap to tlie exiMtation of its advo
' Sates, but its usefultiesw lias been es
tablished. And it may beynie all that
hoped for If it is amended from time
to time as experience and judicial de
nion dk-tate. Chk-ago Tlmes-IIejaJd.
"The Vimpire."
Rudyard Kipling's ivi-enc verses,
"The Vampire," suggested by young
Burne-Jones pk-ture of that title, have
made an Impression. Burne-Jones'
picture Is of tlie mythical vamiire
taat sucks the Ufe-bUssl of her victim.
Klpllng'E verses are of the woman, in
life, or that many men think In
real life:
A. fool there was and he made his prayer
(Even as you and I),
T a rag nnd a bone and a hank of hair
;"We cajied her the woman who did not
care) ;
Bofthe fool be called her his lady fair
(Kven as you and I).
-5a, tie years we waste and the tears we
wast e,
And the work of onr head and hand
Belong to the woman who did not know
lA.Dd now we know that she never could
know)
A.ad did not understand.
tool tliere as and his gosls he spent
(Even a you and I),
Honor and fa:rh :.'nd a snr" intent
Ana It u t the least what the lady
meant);
aVtf a fool must follow hits natural bent
(Even as you and I).
lh, tlie toll we lost and the spoil we lost,
Ajd the excellent things we planned
Belong to the woman who didn't know
why
And now we know that she never kuew
why),
And did not understand.
Wle fool was tripied to his foolish hide
lEven as you and 1),
fleflich he might have seen when she
threw him aside
But it hn't on record the lady tried),
aome of him lived, but the niowt of
liim died
(Krn as you and I).
It ' U Dot luird to account for the
ncce" of thf-! liiw-s. It Is not ex
ceptional literary merit. It Is wlnipJy
ta "hoMneiw of Kipling In giving ex
wcwijoa trj wluit others think but dare
:to( ay.
. Thi type of woman btsre describe
comnxja type, whether one cho-.ses
m believe that aue actually exists or
ttlat mervly ta mat's Uiittjrln itlonsi
ht l tkeU-'taBd In many forms b
katlt); be la gUpiiwwd hi poetry; slie
ll th-bewai , ki , th douna; be Is
IZ'jHwmA, i JPwmdi wt but ne
ITlottt to ate . ta boUry, brutaUy. mer-
f J um&m la Uaaae Ume of
tCtt paofria ara talk'
U "L r-X Cam iitinflwann, atynr.
.T if ' axfjTik' thaan. .
tlut lie defies no ial and literary con-
veutioiiolity, and In hi rude, Mtron:
way strikes ntnugut at tne heart oJ
human nature and lays Is liare In 111
blackness or beauty. That Is why met
and -woman rend "The Vampire" mow
than once. Louisville Courier-Journal
Domeattcatioo. of the ItatTalo.
It will be suprisiu? to many to know
that the buffalo can lie domesticated.
Had the government prohibited th
killing of wild buffaloes yours ago and
provided In some way thai they might
be captured and bred for dotnertfc
uses, the United States would to-day I
hundreds of millions of dollars ricli-j
and there would lie a new breed ol
cattle used by man. The bnffak
crosses itself readily with docnesrk
cattle, and it is shown that tlie k-Uf-breeds
are much hardier tli:in the or
dinary stock, much larger, and that
they produce gxd meat and milk.
Buffaloes have liwen vlmiI as" oxen
They art easily tamed and tlwy ormh:
have Is-en of great value in loggins
camps and for the hauling of heavy
burdens. They do not need much U
eat, subsisting on the ssniie things a
otlier can le, and lein.g much faster ane
more active tlian the ordinary ox
Ilalf-bived bufTal-is-s r-an stand the co.
of the open prairie during our seven-si
winters where the thermometer b
from thiity to forty degrees ljelow
zero. Tiny are very prolific, the cowi
having calves every year. Such ajii
mals are alniowt as large a.s tli
buffalo, leing covered with tlie saim
woolly hair, though the hair Is not sr
long nor so thick. When it in re-ninilen-d
to-day that a buffalo hide it
worth at least one hnndnxl dollars. 11
can be seen that the having a herd ol
buffaloes, of which tlie merease would
le regularly estimaKxl, would U; of
no small value to the owner.
On the Ocean Wave.
A well-known admiral has HNscrtcd
that, even with a uioderaite gale ami j
sa, an armor-plated cnilnff, if ge-'ng j
aln- tii. wind, will find herwJf it'
comlitunhs sknlSmr to t.lio.e of a storm I
at least the crew will have that im-'
Ijression.
The movements of tlhe stern of the
ship are violent ajul very disagreeable.
The waves, puslwil by the advancing
prow. swp (i.ntauuaJly over the sliip
rroin b',w to wteni. All windows an
port.hok'S uaist 1-e 1os1, uiul ail
n-telM-jf t he lower k-ks, w kn tli? Ik at
innv -s iwiln arahly. only tlrough the
a-rttfie vnrt.aa.tors. With the ex
ception of tlie eipi-elaSy prot-tl com-
mand brkige. all the im-overd i or-
tloris of sla rJ impassable; thus
the whoue crew mnst lear as weU a
! thy lu the inferno of the closed
hicks.
i In such a ship lut cue ea.u feel com
' foitabo and wlmu tliere is a storm, in
. which a sailing ship would f.sd conn
j parariviy at ea. the crew of an
j armor-platwl shjj) ima,gi.!iies itself to be
Ul a heavy burr'-caiki, whk-h tbreansw
di'stnict'ou at every iiiiiwute.
The long, narrow fore pant of tit:-
fllitl) wucii s not Iwiue tightly by tlie
water, and is nndeml extremely hemvy
ly the nun and the armored dc'k, and
the 'a'!UKin and torpediM-s forces the
ship In a high sea to patchings awl rol
lings which arc of a kind that -amio
be described.
Strands African Kace.
Queer stories are told of tli-e iJokos
who live aonouv? the moist, warm, bajn
boo woods to the south of Kaffa anil
Susa in Africa. Rut four fct high,
of a dark olive color, sava.ge ami miked,
tliey hae neither houses, tieaupLeM, fire,
nor human f(ssl. They tint miw, auud
s'rpent, diversified ly a few roirts an
fniits. They let tlieir luius juww k,ng
like talons, the better to dig for muts
and the. m.re easily to tear in pieces
tlieir favorite siu-ike.
The Iokos usel to be invalnabh; as
slaves, nnd they were taken in large
numbers. The slave raiders uwl to
hold up bright-colored clotlw a they
came to the wood where thee human
monkeys still live, and tlie poor Dokos
could nut resdst tlie attractions offered
by such stiDe(rir tmxwiU 'rir i
-rowded aroiuul t!sm, and wer takn
in thou.sunds.
Tlvese ieople liave a qn--r habit of
shaking to Yer with tlieir bends on the
Kioieuu ami tneir heels in tlie air. Yer j
is their 'dea of a sitej-tor power, to '
whom they talk hi this comical wayj
when they are dlHjdrited or vexed, orj
fined of ants and snakes. Tbe jv.fco '
soem to come nearest of an tv-mi-
discovered to that terrible cousin ' ta
humaaify, the fie.
A (Satire.
It is not generally known that
"Ilmnpry-bumpty" was not originally
a nursery rhyme, but a political satire
at the expense of James II. of England
Humpty-Inimpty Mug, of course,
James himself, the wall the throne,
and the king, whose men and horse a re
In vain brought: iuto requisition, Ixtuls
XIV. of France. It was originally
written in French.
Chile la I'ronperoua.
Chile ds the mont proHporoiw agri
cultural coiuiitry of South America.
There are more than 7.tKH,ooo acr-s un
der cultivation of which 1, l(K),ooo are
irrigated. For ninny years the product
lias averaged 4.V.(HK) tons of wheat
uud 15O.0O0 of other grains.
An Old Citizen.
. Hy way of maintaining t reputa
tion as a health resort Tos Angeles an.
uounf e the death of one of ita citizens
at the age of 117 yeare.
We always wonder at thla time of
tbe year If there la any way for gath
ering statistics on the number ot
worms oue eata In cherries, strawber
ries, blackberries and raapberries. .
A woman in a shirt waist auditors
shirt makes at think there has been
Bre Somewhere, and that ah baa fSUaa
Into something burrlealf.
i
I -
LITTLE FOLKS ATTIRED MUCH
LIKE THEIR ELOEKS
BtyUa for Women Are T'tate'ntly
Adapted to the Keqnlrementa of
Little GirU l atrat Uccreea f t tbe
Faabloa Maker Are ?uajetetl.
SlndM for the Miaa,
New Torfc rorreapooJeoce:
) tastefully are the
styles for women
.idiipted to the re
quirements of little
girls' dresses, that
the small fashiona
bles of this Reason
are attired much
more like their eid
ers than Is usual.
Ordinarily to copy
aduit fashions at all
4.' ' I A
closely is to make
their small wearer
seem like a prema
turely old tot, which
Is surely an un
pleasant result. So the ru!e with wise
mammas has been to have in their
small daughter's dresses merely a sug
gestion of the latest decrees of the
fashion makers. But Just now sum
mery stuff's ami delicate trimmings of
insertion, lace, embroidery and tuck
ing are all the rage for adults, and
most of these characteristics can be
transferred to half-size gowns with
out making them seem too elalsirate or
dominated by freakish fads. Muslins,
organdies, lawns, mulls and llls-rty
silks are the popular materials for Miss j
Tot's U-st gowns, gingham, prints, and
challies are much used for her morning
and afternoon dresses: and all have
very much similar treatment to that
given to big sister's dresses from sucli
stuffs. Take the little dress of this
first picture as an example; It was pink
lils-rty silk, crossed In skirt and blouse
with white lace Insertion, tucked for
th entire length of the sleeves, and
finlshed with dark red sash and yoke.
Your ambitious maid of L'O would hard
ly plan her gown more elalsrately, ami
she certainly would be fortunate If the
result were prettier.
So great is the elalioration In tots'
wear that dressmakers and milliners
complain of It. They say the advent
of the first little daughter many times
spoils the mamma as a customer, lie
cause she pays so much attention to
the chick's get-ups. Tin-re are tales,
grewsome to dress and hat makers, of
mothers sacrificing their swell hats to
LIKE A rOO lit A ri.OWKB OAHlIRN,
the cnize for decorating the little
daughter. Hut, after nil, where Is the
satisfaction In getting under your own
(Treat hat when liitle Adele will look ft
perfect dream In It? Adele la wearing
hats as big a her mother's, and made
In Jut sliout the same way. They are
all fluff, knife pleating, and great Ihiwr
of rtblion, else a dainty mesh of bril
liant struar, with a lot of wild roses
shadowing It and a cloud of tulle
caught Id paaalnc, "Ilka a fog In a flow-
HOTH I ililVEH AND bTEEI) IN STYLE.
e" garden. Ci;e of tl cfe huts 1 pie
lured here, a rough hlt straw, lb
blub, crowu encircled will) a pli-atlun
of muslin alternating with ribbon arw'
laiv, a pretty lsw of tbet.e mnteriii
rising at the side. The wide brim v iii
faced with doubled rose pink taff.-taa
ami this again was faced with pleated
muslin.
Patent leather toes and 'amy tops
buttoned and laced shoes, and daiut;
gaiters are the usual wear, thong
now and then something like the old
fashioned buckled slipper is worn. N
lace, embroidery or needlework Is to
flue or too elaborate to put into Mis!
A TWF.LVE-YEAR-OLO IX CLOTH.
Eight-Year's lsst dress. The left ham!
one of the two In the next illustration!
was made of white batiste and lace
and consisted of a jaunty skirt tucket!
several times near the wide hem, willed
was finished with a lace ruffle. Th
iMslice was pleated and cut out at th
neck, where It was completed by a lact
rullie. The Is-It was a band of lact
Insertion, and narrow lace frills fin
ished the small sleeve puffs.
of the other dress was a deep flounet
of embroidered batiste lined wltl
wtilte talfetas. Its sleeveless bloust
was white batiste banded with thre
rows of hagiburg embroidery, and th
Jacket was navy blue cloth with d.s-p
sailor collar and re vers of white phjue
engcii wltli a narrow gathered frilling.
These Jackets for the outdoor rig are
a pretty notion, and In colored pl.jue
they are very dressy. They come In
pink, blue, or pale yellow, and are
trlmlng with lace, pleating of neodlt
work or dotted tuusUn. They go od
over little gowns of transparent ma
terial made over silk to match the
pl'iue of the Jacket, and the effect it
delicious.
1'daek shoes and stockings are the
rule with children, though white stock
ings and little black-strapped sllpperi
are often worn, especially by the we
maids, fp to twelve and thirteen yeart
there Is no effort made to outline or
shape the figure, ami the waist line is
not marked by the least bit of pinch
lug. Many of the little tots are gotten
up deliclotisly with great bcplumcd hat
ami lace-trimmed gown, and the pink
and dimpled anus are left bare Islow
the shoulder puff. A few valiant moth
ers put the fat little legs Into sock and
allow the leg to be bare above the top
of the sock, but this Is more common
for boys thai) girts.
Many girls of twelve or thirteen are
put Into dresses that follow mother'a
fashions closely, esscliily In the cloth
gowns. In the fourth picture Is one of
this tyjs?, Its material Is-lng corn-colored
light-weight cheviot. Its bodice
bad a shirred front of white mull and
a sipmre yoke concealed by the lace
ruflle that fell from the collar. Com
mencing at the side sen ma were straps
of the cheviot buttoning in the center,
the Is-It and collar being made to
match. Similar straps gave the cufTs
and garnished the puffs of the slcevee.
The hat was a black straw tam-o'-shanter,
with corn-colored mull as trim
ming. Copyright, 18DT.
The greatest luxury In the world to
t friend you're never quarreled wltk.
x Via
Women fri-wdin- Men
T;
II K work and wages of men
women nnd children In this coun
try has been undergoing an In
vestigation from I'ncle Sam. In show
ing the conjugal condition of the fe
male employes of the establishments
Included in the investigation, the fig
ures regarding New Hampshire are
curious. Nearly one-fourth of the
working women of that State are mar
ried. This Is an uusunlly large pro
Mirtloii. New York married women
who work form only one-sixteenth of
the whole. No other State, New Hug
laud or otherwise, makes such a show
ing. Why so many New Hampshire
husbands should re.pilre the aid of
their wives In supporting the family Is
not explained. Take the whole coun
try, and over 13 per cent, of the women
emKilyed are married. Nearly !C es
tablishments were covered by the Gov
ernment Investigation. In ten years
the male employes over IS years of age
have increased '!'! percent, and females
M per cent., while of those under 18
! years the males have increased KO ier
: cent, and the females Kt per cent. The
figures show what everyone knows,
' that women, to some extent, are enter
i lug Into places at the exionse of the
j men. The gain Is shown In all classes
. of occupations except domestic and
j personal service, where the proportion
The skirl'0' "'"""'" dropped from 111 percent, in
ii" io jut cent, in i.io, mm i no
percentage of men so employed rose In
the same period from r7 to ill. Where
as, 13 per cent, of the country's chil
dren under 15 years old were working
lu 1H70 and Hi jmt cent. In lsso, only 8
per cent, had to neglect school on this
account In is:m. As to earnings, there
is a well-developed tendency to pay
men well, simply because they are
men. even though women and children
do the same work and are exactly as
efficient. This Is the fact In 7'i percent.
of the cases of difference lu pay. On the I
other hand, women get more pay than
men doing the same work in Id per
cent, of the cases. Hut the difference
In pay Is wide. Men are overpaid '.
Ier cent., while women are overpaid
only 10 jht cent.
A Kockimr Chair Fnn.
A wide-awake Jersejman has invent
ed a fan that can be worked simply by
rocking the chair. 1'art of the appara-
HOCKING CI! A lit FAX.
tUB consists of a y. shaped frame,
whose prongs are fast -ned to the front
ends of the rockers wnh wood screws.
To the back of the chair Is secured. In
the same manner, another frame, on
which is mounted a t liree-bladei fan.
This fnn can be slowly revolved by
means of a cord or belt running over
pulleys at the angles and down around
a wheel on the chair back. A lever,
reaching up from the lloor frame and
made to shove up and down bv the
rocking motion, drives the wheel.
It Is isisslble that this jsirtlcular ar
rangement has Ik-cii patented, but al
most any Ingenious mechanic can con
struct a gear which will evade the tmt-
A .. ...I .1 .... 1 .. I. .
rui mm no me iiiismess. , wife or
n. oilier could thus be rendered very
comfortable on a hot day. There are
men, too, who would not Is- nlsve tak
ing n tpilet smoke In such n chair them,
selves. New York Tribune,
A Mothrr'a Devotion.
A very touching Instance of the de
votion of a mother occurred recently at
Colchester. The wife of a sergeant
major of the King's Irsgooii guards
was wheeling her iiaby in a is-rambii-latorln
the cavalry barracks when the
carrlnge ami Its occupant were knock
ed down by a restive horse ridden by
a soldier. The mother crawled on her
hands and knees and had scarcely coh
ered, the Infant with her lsdy when
the horse backer on to her and tram
pled on her. The brave woman had
saved the child.
IHatinctlT Feminine Wlrca.
Said a bachelor the oilier day; "If
you usk the average man, In bis snne
moments, wheth.e lie prefers a large
woman or a dainty little creature, he
will choose the small one every time,
Men like to bo protectors, nnd not pro
tected, and a roan certainly can't feel
that be must care for a great, big,
trapping woman, who could throw
miifniirn
l
it in in a fair fight. Men prefer a
wives distinctly feminine women. Y'ou
never know what to expect of such
a woman, and she Is always Interest
ing. You love to study her womanish
mood and outbursts. Never a daj
passes but what you hear some miiL
say. 'She Is so deliriously feminine.'
Not once out of a hundred times art
those words applied to a big, buxoii
woman."
the t-uhjcct of liuatlca.
In despairing tones, women are ask
ing each other, "Will they reallj
come?" and each querist In her heart
nurses the horrible certainty that thej
will. -There Is no doubt that verj
strenuous efforts are being made to re
Introduce the hideous fashion .of bus
tles. It is a fashion almost bound to
follow the revival of the trimmed skirt,
but we may safely lay the comforting
unction to our wails that It will be I
long time before bustles are universal
ly worn, and it will be a much longei
time Is-fore they assume the unsightly
pro.orlions they once had. There nr
figures which are greatly benefited by
a little fullness at the back, and yet
this same fullness would be a disfigure
merit ti a well-rounded form. Of
course. If the draped skirt should sue
c-d In gaining a foothold in favor, thu
bustle would lie a necessity. Soma
modistes, when the figure is unusually
hollow at the base of the back insert
stiffeiiings In the folds of the skirt at
the fop, which gives all the botiffaucy
needed.
What Women Owe the Wheel.
Family physicians are Is-ing dally
quest ioin-d by solicitous husbands and
fathers as to the effects of wheeling on
wHeti and da ughters. The all but
unanimous answer is that women do
Weil to rid h wheU,lhu.t.rWlsotiabl
Indulgence lu the pastime means a
wronger, healthier race of men for th
coming generation. Said one such doc
tor: "American women are prone to b
inorUd. It Is a result of the busy Hf
of the nation. They have stayed In
d'sirs too much and have gotten Into
the habit of thinking about themselves,
worrying and fussing when there wni)
really no need of It. Now the blcyelfl
gives them Inducement to go out into
the ojH-n air, to enjoy the country, td
U- In touch with other peftple. It glved
them opportunity to bruit lie and to
breathe means b-ttcr blood. They
b-ave off their corsets when they tide,
though they will not do so at any other
time. IVrhaps the bicycle will kill cor.
Mis. That would le a grand victory
for the wheel. Another most Imports
ant result of wheeling will lecome evl.
ib-nt If only women will ride in an ereel
jiosltion. Consumirtlon will ln-gln to
disapear, 1 firmly believe. No amount
of preaching alsmt dress refonii hail
the Influence of the bicycle. Theory fa
gKMl and logic Im good, but putting a
woman on a wheel and letting her go
out on our smooth roads, wLere she
lias a freedom she had not thought oi
before, is an argument that Is effective.
It wins her to reform. She gives up
corsets and lutivy clothing; she begins
to sit- that elothf may be governed by
Intelligence, and as a result she U
healthy."
Great Variety in licit a.
For any one who enjoys owning a
great variety of la-It there Is a new
summer variety of crocheted silk In
Afghan stitch made firm and close.
These are easily made and are hand
some when finished with a silver or
gold buckle. This ls-lt may Is- mado
as wide as desired, and cling close to
the form, giving a neat appearance.
A llcro'a Wife.
Inn mrsb-st house near Fifth avenue
In New York City, lives the sad-face.j
widow of the gallant Ccneral Custer,
MBS. CUSTER,
whose tragic death on the little lilg
Horn River In 1N7(I has been vividly re
called lately by the Cheyenne Uprising
In that same region. Mrs, Custer has
made quite a name for herself by her
writings, the chief among them being
stories of army life In tbe far West
r j
t r 'i