The Sioux County journal. (Harrison, Nebraska) 1888-1899, May 06, 1897, Image 5
POWER OF TRUSTS APPARENT IN NEARLY EVERY LINE OF BUSINESS. Commercial Independence No Lnnzrr Kiiiti-Hnw the Klcb Kacape Taxa tion Mnrka and l.oml Can lie Hid den, Not lioiisea, Land or Live Mock Competition la Crnnhecl Oat. Ex-President Harrison recently de livered a lecture before 1 tie Michigan University on (lie subject, 'Corpora tion Law mid Tax Ijiw Keform," and the New Orleans Times-lk.'mocrat com mt'Di x (hi It as follow: Tlit points lie clilelly dwelt on and elaborated wore, fiiiU, t lie admitted need of reform of corporation law and tax law, and, second, the reasons why the reform Ik not carried out, and be wound up with unrest ions looking lu the direction of bringing about the de sired teforui. Every lDH'lHi;'iit person Is aware that (orponttions control not only our railroads and banks, but almost every form of manufacturing and mercantile adventure. They organize themselves in trusts, which, under the pretense of reducing the cost of production of arti cles, crush out eompetl.lon and impose what prices it picnics them to impose on articles of general consiimitlou. Ev erybody knows what the methods of pcration of these corporations are, as everybody has to a greater or less ex tent suffered from them. Not only are they crushing out competition, they are crushing out the independent spirit of Americans. Supposing, for example, that a gro cer in tlie city of New Orleans were to insist oil selling sugar at a llgure be low that quoted ntid dictated to him by tin? sugar refinery combine (the sugar trust), what do wo suppose would bo the result to him? He would be Incon tinently ruined by the trust, which would undersell him on every hand un til it had forced him out of business and driven him to the wall. And there can bo no commercial independence, of course, where this state of tilings pre vails. Headers are equally well aware that the poor or humbler section of the com munity Is taxed for more heavily tlia'n the rich. The law takes only really, which cannot be concealed, but it touch, es not personality, which belongs al most exclusively to tlu wealthy. The wealthy thus escape taxation on otie balf of their accumulated properly, while thi' poor are taxed on all of theirs. Comptroller Ilolx-rts, of New York, put himself on record the oilier day to the effect Hint in IKi.j the tax able value of realty in the Empire itato was close upon $-1,000,000,000, and that the taxable value of person alty was less than $.-ni,i)0,j)(l in the same year, but hi; declared that the value of the personalty in the State was at any rate qui to equal to the val ue of tlie realty. Now, as ex-President Harrison said, "live-sixths of the voters of the conn try favor a rev ision of corporation laws, limiting the purposes for which corpo rations may In; organized, supervising the issuing of stocks and bonds and putting other restraints upon them. An even larger proportion of our people would give their emphatic support to the proposition that tax burdens should fall equally on ail property. They do not now, as every one knows. Lands, houses, live stock and Implements of trade cannot be hidden. Stocks and " bonds can be, and the assessor has uo way of checking tlie list." Hut while the Injustice of corpora tion legislation and tax legislation is to be fought and fought strenuously, it must bo fought discreetly and Intelli gently, not as a red rag Is rushed at by a bull. The ex -President suggests teven cardinal points to be iKirne care fully In mind when such legislation Is to be attacked: Eirst The people have not only author ized, but invited, the organization of and the investment in these corporations. Second That tlie bankruptcy of any legitimate business in a public injury. Third That we must tk those thing an our un vvUdom, or that of our fathom, ha made them. A to the pnl, wo can do little more than mend. Fourth That the work of reforming our corporation iuws is not for apprentices. Fifth That corporation law should he general. It is neither wise nor safe to as sume that a particular ciiso is a rep rc aeiitative one, and to administer the rem edy promiscuously. Sixth That in public nfTnir the best at tainable good Is the thing to be sought. Seventh That the legislation must bo just The reason that corporation law and tax law reform has not appreciably progressed, all hough legislation has been enacted both by the Congress of the United States and by a number of State Legislatures, Is that the legisla tive bodlea are not of much account, according to the ex-President, and that, being untrained In great measure, they bungle their legislative work nnd leave It In a condition easy to be picked Jo pieces by corporation counsel, who, Mr. Harrison nays, are about the brightest Intellect in the United States, Bherman's anti-trust law of 1800 has been all but a complete failure. There never has been a conviction, as far as we have beard, obtained under It, al though trusts have doubled In number since Ita enactment, until this last week, when the Western Joint Traffic Association the most Innocent of all combinations wss pronounced by the Supremo Court of the United States to be Illegal. The Bute of New York has various laws on Its statute tiook mak ing tbtv formation and operation of vch Hiatal combinations of capital penal offenses, bat tho combinations nourtao a4 ftaont their operations In the tot of the public m If the laws agslatt them dirt not hare existence. Tbsttflawa of tt-PrilnVtit ll-wrison are sound, sensible and priuM'vil. nnd whether they are f horouirhl.v approved or not they will hare the result of mak ing people think on the subject which Is the Initial step toward the remedy ing of evils. Nnthlne for the People. It lb strange how dead Mr. Dingle and the other Republican leaders are to the significance of contemporary fa"ts. At the ery Juncture when tlie Supreme Court of the United States has struck an astonishing and shattering blow to the organization of bushiest on the plan of conspiracies to prevent com petit Ion, we see the newly restored party putting all Its isnvers at the service of the trusts, and devoting its energies openly to the framing of a scheme of taxation which is obviously and notoriously bas ed on the undemocratic and nefarious principle of public taxation for private profit The party, apparently without the slightest consciousness of what It Is really about, is sentencing the protec tive system to death and committing suicide. The people are swiftly coming by evolution to the point where they will determine whether they are to rule the trusts or permit the trusts to rule them, and the liepublicnn party in Con gress is going ahead In tlie sight of all men doing Its best to strengthen and arm the trusts for the battle with the people. New York Journal. Oppreaaive Taxation. In an exhaustive discussion of tlie principles of taxation by Mr. David A. Wells, now running In The Popular Sci ence Monthly, the principle Is asserted and HUpiiorted with a wealth of political authority and legal decisions that the rightful objwt of taxation is the sup port of government and lis limit the actual needs of government. It is ukii this sound principle that the Democrats of the House founded their protect n gainst the Dingley tariff bill. They show that tne Republican tariff bill violates the principle in both ways. It. levies taxes for the benefit of private enterprise and levies far more than the support of the Government re quires. In effect, It collects a bounty for distribution to favored Individuals, and In order that this may be done pro poses taxes from SiiO.OOt 1,000 to $7. (MMl.OOO ill excess of the Government's needs. The Republicans proKse a dou ble robbery of the people. Exchange, Japnn and Silver. Japan will sell no silver, but will com nil it can get Into legal tender money, even after the adoption of the gold standard. As Jaism has no silver of her own until she buys it any arrange ment that will help to depress the price Is a good thing for the Government. It will be noted In this connection that Investors are anxious to place their money in Japan regardless of the silver currency. 8oli(llT Arrnyed. Men who loyally supported the can didates and platform of the Democratic party In ISIm; have been chosen as the Executive Committee of the National Association of Democratic Clubs. The party will go Into the great campaign of 1P00 iinh'ni"iered by treachery and polidly arrayed against the abuses of the time. The Worst So Far. The highest rate of duty that lias so far been discovered in the Dingley bill of abominations Is that on nickel bar buttons for underwear. Tlx; present rate of duty is U5 per cent. The Ding ley rate Is (507 per cent.. Probably this Is not the worst that is In the bill, but if there Is anything worse It has not yet been discovered. Not Unarlflah Patriotism. Ity lopping off the heads of the bolt ing officeholders President McKlnley causes tho friends of Mr. Cleveland to accuse him of Ingratitude. It would seem from this that there was some thing more than the "credit of the na tion" involved in the Job of party be trayal executed last year. A Republican Defined. A Connecticut legislator defines tho eagle to be "a bird that has Its teetli Into everything It can lay its hands on." If his definition Is correct, It makes tho eagle an officeseeker and a member of the Republican party. Ex change. Banc Speaks Frankly. Uncle Russell Sage is merely more frank than his colleagues when he says tlie railroad attorneys will Immediate ly go to work to discover some way to evade the law as laid down by the Su preme Court. The Penalble Thine. It would seem to be the sensible thing to elect men to office who would attend to the people's business themselves in stead of serving under orders from a su perior power. A Russian Telephone. According to L'Kloctricieu, of Paris, a Russian scientist has Invented a tele phono far sujierlor to anything hitherto used. With it a man oiay talk to more than one of Ills friends at a time, pro vided they are nil in the same room, for It Is not necosnary to stand near the receiver in order to near the sound. The voice Issues from a metallic fun nel, mid may be heard at some dis tance. The new telephone bos other advan tages. Hounds transmitted through It lose very little of their Intensity by reason of distance. In experiments mode between Moscow and Ros'of, a distance of 870 miles, speech, song and music could le clearly heard. A large number of official people were present nt the experiments, ar1 the official re port was full of praise vt the new tele phone, V hen Henry VIII. was writing love letters to Anne Roleyn he declared, "The longer the days the more distant Is tr sun, and so It la wh me and sun. ' EIUCATinXAI,COMJMN NOTES ABOUT SCHOOLS AND THEIR ' MANAGEMENT. Tre of Pnpils EyraiRht Ad vantages of Scrap Hooka A Father' Idea of What Should V.t Taught 11 it Son Sampmn-Ed ucat ional Intelligence. Protect the Kyesla-ht. Take care of your pupils' eyesight. You are morally and ' professionally bound to guard it from ill use, abuse or neglect. Remove all conditions that tend to strain, blur or obscure it. Do not iK-rmit anything in the furniture or surroundings of the room even though It was introduced un6 Auctioned by some one else, who perhaps had more experience than you, and Is supposed to be a great deal wiser upon the sub ject than you are, to remain if it proves to be a source of annoyance to your pupils' sight. Change it at once. Don't fancy that you have no responsibility in the matter since some one obs placed It there. Duty has to do with the present, not the past. If the situa tion Is not wisely chosen for the battle, the officer who Is lu charge will Is gov erned by events; and In the light of sub sequent knowledge correct the mistake, and strengthen his position. Each, is held responsible for the trust he as sumes. It may have been the rule In the school you are teaching, to use a steatite instead of the old-fashioned white crayon, and the same article may still Ik? furnished by the board. Do not use It without making a protest. Clear your skirts at least from the pernicious practice of snuffing out your pupils' eyes like so many candles. What, If there are bits of chalk dust breathed? These particles of mineral matter are readily thrown off from the system lie fore they are permitted to lodge and work harm. Hetter to work in a little extra chalk dust and have plain white lines on the board than to ruin In short measure the eye.s, and in consequence tlie happiness of a whole lifetime by compelling pu, "a to decipher faint Hues in an obscure light, at Improper angles and all kinds of distances. Study your environtnenls to protect the eyesight ot your pupils. Let us drop the sotipstone as a crayon for the blackboard. Scrnp Hook. Scrap books carefully planned may bo made very helpful. (Note tlie pro viso "carefully planned.") This is rendered peculiarly easy for the teacher, from the fact that tlie leading magazines and papers are giv en nowadays to illustrating In series. One scrap book in our possession con tains views from "Waterloo" from the Cosmopolitan, another "Ottawa," and its environs. We will mention still oth ers, and how they related to the work In hand. While engaged in some general les sons on the Indians, we came across some vlov.'s of the Zuui, Pueblos, also the Mission Stations of California In t.tie days of Padre Junijtoro Send. This gave just the help needed in showing certain types of Indian life. For other lessons we mounted views of cotton raising, orange and rice cul ture. To help Impress the Greek stories, all the stories relating to them that came In our way were laid aside as well as outlines of vase forms, statues, coins, etc "Uemila" in "Seven Little Sisters" was made more vivid by views of Sa hara, the Pyramids, tlie Sphinx and tho Nile. In the same way "Agoon ack's" charm was heightened by pic tures of Arctic life. If these pictures are intended for third year pupils they may tie mount ed on card board or drawing paper and tied In one corner by a ribbon that can lie readily slipped from the punch-hole, If the views are to be passed about in the class. If tbeee views are for younger pupils to have at their desks, perhaps the scrap book form is bettor. Exchange. London to Have a University. There is reason to believe that the sixtieth year of Queen Victoria's reign is to be made memorable by the estab lishment in London of a great teaching university. Tbe London university lias existed since 183(1, but its function has always been limited to the examina tion of candidates and the conferring of degrees. This restriction has made It an imperial rather than a local or metropolitan Institution. Its examina tions have, Indeed, lieen characterized by thoroughness and fairness, and have commanded the confidence of teachers and students In all parts of the United Kingdom. Still, the feeling has been growing among scholars that London should liave an organized uni versity of Its own, which should fur nish help and guidance In other ways than by examinations, and for some twelve years a movement has been go ing on to make Ixindon a great seat of learning. Want No Immigrant Teachera. The school teuchers of England fear that the educational department will admit to employment In the elementary schools of Great Itrltaln teachers hold ing the certificate issued by the Irish education board. They argue that this would lower the standard of the schools and Increase the opportunities for theo logical discussions. The ordinary sal ary of teachers In Ireland Is about $200 lens than that of the English teacher of corresponding grade, and this leads ninny to believe that a considerable Im migration may be expected. , ft la Idea of Kdacation. A teacher once received tho following laughable letter from the father of one of bar pupils: "Respected Maddum: It Is iteither my desire nor mjr wish that my son Samp son persoo the study of grammer nor any of the other dead lahgwtdgcs. He san git alouf with plain English, and I n he ain't ever bki ly to lw n Physlck l Inn lie ain't no need to (.crsoo the study or rr"joI'.;:y either, Him I dent thins, their t-t'tpioiis Is a proper Ibll'g fur chihir n to study and I peefr taut H.iijipKon be konfined to rlthmetie, rwid-l-i, gonerfy and rltln and the names of the Presidents of our country." lv1ncitiona1 IntclHzeuce. Oxford University consists of twenty. t iVo i-ulh ges. Tlie students of Johns Hopkins Uni versity ure not permitted to publish any periodical. The Washington Slate Board of Edu cation, as announced by Governor Rog ers, is W. J. Hughes, II. B. Walker, J. H. Morgan and Mrs. Rice. Tin- new tiell and clock for Mount Holyoke College is to lie provided by the ;iit of $1,000 by George Cutler, Jr., In memory of his sister, Mrs. Susan Cutler Jones. Tlie Indiana House has passed a com pulsory education bill, with the small maximum of twelve weeks' required schooling annually for children be tween the ages of eight and fourteen. Nine Juniors of Yale University were last week brought to account by the faculty for sending a letter to Corbort. the pugilist, extending Yale's best wishes. The signers of the letter an lioiineed their willingness to retract the objectionable sentiment. The new library at Princeton wil cost .i;iib,(MM) and will accommodate 2.''o0,oiki volumes, besides a large num ber of recitation rooms for such classes as require special library facilities This structure, ( r Jiic In architecture, will lie one of the finest buildings of its kind In this country. The Educational Club of Philadel phia, has unanimously adopted a reso lution, offered by Public School Super intendent Brooks, urging the Phila delphia meinliers of the . House and Senate to vote for House bill No. 53, In creasing the minimum school term lu the State from six to seven months. Prof. Jebb, M. I'., has been nominated by the crown a member of the Sen ate of the University of London. This is a very happy nomination, as although the Senate of the University of London contains many specialists, Prof. Jebb will be a distinguished addition to the few members who are cognizant of tho subject of education generally. Many business men and educators are signing a petition to tho Pennsylvania Legislature to repeal the compulsory vaccination law, or to amend it so as to have it inflict less hardship upon those school children who are not sus ceptible to tho virus. Ui:der the present law a child that is not susceptible to tlie viriis has Its arm kept in a state ot Irritation because of the constant and repented attempts to make the vac cine take. One of the most interesting features of the last report of tlie President of Johns Hopkins-University Is the state ment that about. 800 of the University's graduates, nearly one-half of the total number of graduates, have become teachers. Chicago University has em ployed 2:!; University of Wisconsin, 10; Uryn Mawr College, 38; Lelund Stan ford, Jr., University, 17; University of Pennsylvania, 10; Cornell, 14; Colum bia, 13; Harvard, 10. The Des Moines Summer School of Methods will hold Its eight annual ses sion at Drake University, July 5th to 30th. It is the largest and oldest sum mer school in Iowa- During the laxt seven years It has given training during the summer vacation to hundreds of teachers of Iowa and ten other States Its corps of instructors are selected from among the best specialists of five different States. It is not only a great school of methods, but It offers oppor tunities for the most thorough instruc tion in the common and high school branches and provides for an examina tion for State certificates at the close of the session. Whnt a Small I!oy Conld Ho. A lad in Boston, rather small for hit age, works In an office as errand boy for four gentlemen who do business there. One day the gentlemen were chaffing him a little for being so small, and said to him: "You will never amount to much, yot can never do much, yon are too small." The little fellow looked at them. "Well," said be, "as small as I am, I can do something that neither of you can do." "Ah, what is that-:" said they. "I don't know as I ought to tell you," he replied. But they were anxious to know, and urged him to tell what he could do tho neither of them were able to do. "I can keep from swearing," cald the little fellow. There were some blushes on foui faces, and there seemed to be no anxiety for further information. Ex. Salaries of Rulers. The King of Bavaria receives $1,412, (M0. The King of Saxony has a salary of $750,000 a year. The King of Italy receives $2,85H,000 as salary, and $180, 000 for his family. The President of the United States gets $.".0,000 per an num, house rental and exjienses there of. The King of Spain receives $1,400, 000 a year, and $000,(0 a year for ex penses, making a total of $2,000,000. The Emperor of Austria manages to make both ends meet with an annual allowance of $3,875,000. His Majesty of Portugal, In consideration of slTie of kingdom, contents hlmsvlf with $tl3T, 440 a year. The King of Greece has a salary of $200,000 a year, and receives $(10,000 besides. The annual salary of the Queen of England is $1,025,000. Tbe Prince of Wales gets 1200,000; rest of royal family the same. The Csar of Russia receives no salary. Ills Income arises from 1,000,000 square miles of land which he Inherits from the crown. Hie average Income Is a trifle mora than $33,000 a dag. FANCIES OP FASHION. GREAT VARIETY IN THE. STYLES FOR THIS SEASON. A rkillfnl Combination of lirilliant Iluti- I'laida Are to He Very Popu lar Tlila reason Correct t-tyiea in Jacket and Capes. Dame Fashion's Uecreea. New York correspondence: ESPITE all that has been said about the garish ness of the cur rently fashion able colors, exam ination of the dresses into which these brill iant hues go dis- w'!iy closes that they t I JjbjK a r e s o skillfully softening shades as to leave them entirely free from such criticism. To be sure, if some careless woman rushes into purple, scarlet or bright green, she will likely enough devise a dress that will make the observer's eye ache to the back of her bead, but occasional examples of bad taste are always on hand and nev er yet condemned a tasteful fashion. Very strong color effects are even now risked only for the boudoir by women of goad taste, and while outdoors the bright colorings are plentiful enough good management kills all danger of loudness. A fine example of this treatment of a. bright color came in a dress of bright billiard green c,-"pe cioth. Its texture was so soft, It was so closely covered with tiny crepe wrinkles that did not seem to ridge the surface, that the col or took on a thousand lights and made the green harmonize with any shade of green put with it, and with any other color, too, as a leaf does on a rose-tree. The skirt was made over black satin, the breadths rounded short at waist, and hem to show the satin. A deep fac ing of plaid silk reached the knees on the under side of the skirt, the plaid showing dark-blue, dark-green, and linos of scarlet and light-greiin, a tiny streak of daffodil yellow striping here and there as inconspicuously as a streak of sunshine on a lily pad. One bodice for this skirt was plaid silk, crossed In a lot of folds over the front, and fastening under a big frill from shoulder to belt. The belt was wide, fitted, and from black satin. A green cloth bolero, that fastened also at the side with a series of straps between which the frill of the silk bodice show ed, was for wear over this silk bodice The trick can be done, too, when the variety of colors is not great, and when the dominant one Is very brilliant. Scarlet was tlie color of the dress goods of the costume pictured in the initial. The skirt was serge, and had a row of appliqued black braiding at the hem. The bodice was cerise taffeta, was tucked between the bretelles, gathered at the waist, and held by a belt of scarlet foulard. The bretelles of scarlet silk were trimmed with ap pHipied braiding, and a full ruchinz of black chiffon finished the neck, h&en when worn with a scarlet hat of tur- , ban shape trimmed with black tips, this dress will not seem too striking or A VI W MODKIi FOB PLAIDS. too higb-celored, so effective Is a tittle Mack, In softening the brilUaacy of red. The proportion , of. black Is much greater than this la Buy cases, and mm 1 fPlF I TABS AT THROAT A XII WAIST. Wufn-.-n vho tire fond of gulet effecfe will be pretty sure to use more. They need tioi., however, for scarlet Is to be so abundant that a dress like that Just doserlltcd w!ll not seem assertive. With greens, too, the softening trimmings are often of considerable quantity, and the second picture is un Illustration of this point, as it shows a jacket bodice of almond-green taffeta, freely trim med with appllijued black velvet. The cut of this handsome bodice, however, was Uie source of its originality. The vest was plain green silk, and sailor collar, revers and the oddly slashed lwisque were of the same material. The BRILLIANCY SUBDUED BY MASKIXfi. collar matched the basque, a small button trimming each tab and a laee collar showing from beneath. As yet there is no reason to doubt the truth of last winter's prophecy that foretold high collars and neck swathings for summer dresses. Tbe plaids now offered are an attrac tive lot, and because of the current standards in coloring they may be much more freely used than Is the case in some seasons. Tlaids, of course, stand for brilliancy, for, plentiful as the quieter sorts may be, there are sure to be many .of the striking sort. But, the hideous ones that fairly give out an echo are happily few on the count ers, and are even fewer on women. It was a very pretty combination of green, red and blue that in light weight cloth gave the original of the artist's third contribution here. A piping of green cloth finished the skirt at the hem, and a sleeveless green cloth jacket was worn outside the simple gathered bodice. The medici collar was In one with the jacket, which fastened with large gilt buttons, and was confined at the waist by a handsome belt compos ed of gilt links. While a liking for elab orations of all sorts prevails In dresses made from most spring and summer stuffs, plaids escape this fancy, being considered, apparently, sufficiently re moved from plainness, to make highly wrought effects unnecessary. A favorite resort of those wrho are a bit fearful of overdoing bright colors Is to mask them with a sober but semi transparent material. This method of making is highly fashionable, as by It the two chief characteristics of the sea- A WHIRLIGIG FASTENING. son bright colors nnd elaborateness can be combined in one dress. Besides this point, it has much to recommend it. Beauty of result is strongly on its side, and then it affords a fine chance for her who Is Ingenious as well as of sound judgment in dress matters. From the standpoint of economy there is, perhaps, less to say in its favor. True, there Is a host of beautiful transparent fabrics that are stylish and inexpens ive, but what of saving is scored up by these is all wiped out by the outlay necessary for the silken lining. In these circumstances it is some comfort to remember that new styles are very sel dom favorable to economy, and after taking all possible solace from this fact the next thing Is to consider how to do the trick Inexpensively. There are many models that tend toward this end, nnd a very pretty one Is chosen for the fourth Illustration. Its skirt was black grenadine over salmon silk lining, three small ruffles of the silk trimming It near the foot. Shirring on the back nnd front of the bodice sup plied a yoke effect, and from this hung a pleating of salmon chiffon. The sleeves were gathered to the elbows, ending in chiffon frills, salmon chiffon and black chiffon were combined In ths, collar, and very handsome figured salmon ribbon gave the belt and the bows at the shoulders that saved the. outlines there from bareness. Tight sleeves may be coming! Indeed, they can be seen not Infrequently, but sel dom without aome elaboration at the shoulders to take the place of tbe de parted puffs. OoDrricbt, ISBT.