T ' ' ' . - . " " c
f ? ....
.The Sioux County Journal,
VOLUME VIII.
HARKISOX, NEBRASKA THURSDAY, APRIL 2, 1890L
NUMBER HO.
TOPICS FOH FARMERS
A DEPARTMENT PREPARED FOR
OUR RURAL FRIENDS.
Baj for Market Bhoald Be Baled
-To Rid Corn Boaaea of Vermin
Don't OTerwork the Bore Charcoal
for Fattening Fowl.
Marketing Her.
Owing to IU great bulk In proportion
to value, hay wan formerly never sent
Very far to market The hay press ha
revolutionized that, and hay la shipped
preened from all parta of the West
when the price rises above a low fig
are. It la probably true that the East
rrn farmer who owna land near a good
market can ue It to better purpose
than producing hay. To sell any kind
of bay from the farm exhausts iu fer
tility quite aa fast as growing and sell
Ing grain and straw. Besides, the
farmer who draws hay In bulk on a
wagon niust use at least a day's time
for hiuiHelf and team. He la shut out
from making many sales, for many peo
ple who keep a single horse have not
spare barn rumu to bold a full load of
hay unless It Is first compressed Into
bales. They pay more for It In this
way, because in buying the bay they
also pay at hay prices for much other
material done up In the bale which Is
practically worthless.
Vermin In Corn Houses.
Mire often get Into corn houses, and.
as they breed rapidly, they do a great
deal of damage before they can be de
stroyed. They are so small that tboy
harbor In the corn, slipping around be
tween the ears where the cat cannot fol
low 1 bein. Hals will kill off mice, but
arc themselves worse than the vermin
they destroy. If a good mouser Is put
In the corn house she will catch a good
many, and more yet can be taken In
traps baited with newly-toasted cheese.
The best way to prevent mice damages
Is to keep the vermin out. It Is not
a hard tank to set a corn crib In a well
protected place on posts, each mounted
with a heavy tin pau upside down. The
mice cannot run up an luclluution with
their heads downward and their feet
tip. With such a corn house all Hint is
needed Is to take care that no mice are
brought In with the corn. Every corn
lion should be cleared of nil rubbish,
fitch as corn cobs and the like, at leaht
once a year. Mice harbor In this rul
blsh, and are ready to work with their
numerous progeny when the corn house
is filled.
Do Not Overwork Them,
Be easy with the growing colt and the
growing Imiv. They cau be made to do
a full day's hard, exhausting work for
awhile, but It doesn't pay. Overstrain
ed boys make stunted, round-shouldered,
liMless, stupid men. Don't do It,
even If the work does crowd a little In
the busy season. Farmers' lioys who
are fmnrt and who have a taste for
sHence. will get better education at the
agricultural college, than they would
any w here else.
Charcoal for Fattening Fowls.
Four turkeys were eoiitini-d In a pen
and fed on meal. Ixilled potatoes and
oats. Four others of llie same brood
were nt the same time confined In an
other pen. and fed dally on the name ar
ticle, but-wlth one pint of very line pul
verized charcoal mixed with their food
-mixed meal and boiled potatoes. They
had alo a plentiful supply of broken
charcoal in their jien. The eight were
killed the same day, and there was a
difference 0f one mid a half pounds
each In favor of the fowls which had
been supplied with charcoal, they being
much the fattest, nnd the meat being
superior In ioliit of tenderness nnd
fl a v o r. To u 1 1 ry ("hum.
Heavy feeding of Out.
Ixxlglng of oals is due to the Imper
fect development of the tissues of the
sti'in, and this Is the result of an lusuftl
cient exposure to sunlight in conse
quence of the plants In-lug too close
together. The greatest exjioMure, says
the Agriculturist, will doubtless be se
cured by moderately thin sowing. It
is usually considered that the quan
tity of seed per acre should vary with
the condition of the lnnd and the time
of sowing, a great, nimntlty being sown
when the hind Is lu toor condition and
when the seasou Is late. A greater
quantity of seed Is required on poor
land, as the oats do not "stool out" so
well, and in a late season it Is neces
sary to Increase the amount In order to
hasten the harvest, as, where the land
Is thinly sown, the "stoollng" process
is liable to be carried on for too long
it time, making the harvest bile. In
England lis high as eight bushels per
acre of oals nre often sown. In oilier
year tests that quantity of seed yield
ing sin average of forty -three bushels
per acre; six hushis, llfty-thrce.
Veal Calves.
Here are some of the prospeef for a
miser of calves, .not unlimited wealth
by any means, but where are the farm
ers' wives and daughter, who have
much money for spending according to
their own will? I have known of a calf
to be nillk-fed, says a writer In the.
New York Tribune, and perhaps fed on
oilnitwl a little besides, until 0 weeks
old, and then sold to the butcher for
$0, and I could toll you by whom ami
where I he calf was told. It la truo that
the cases arc rare where such a price
la realized, but still It la equally true
that aa much or more might be made
from a 6 to 8 weeks' old calf If said calf
had been not only milk-fed, but well
fed besides on ollmeal or some other
equally good flesh-forming food. Pro
viding the calf haa a good sized frame
to build upon In that length of time,
he will be capable of taking on quite
good avoirdupois. When quite ready
for sale, have him butchered at home,
his pelt saved for sale, and bis car
cass cut up Into the right kind of cook
ing pieces, and then sell him by the
pound. The cases are not rare where a
good-slaed calf would bring from ten
to fifteen dollars and more when sold
out in this way. It is safe to assert
that twice as much will be realized
from such a sale than there would be If
the animal were sold to the butcher by
live weight
Boot Out the Weeds.
Winter Is not an Idle time for the far
mer or gardener who does full duty,
until the land he la on and the trees
and roadways about It are free from
Insect pests and weeds, says the Phila
delphia Ledger. And Dr. Ilalstead haa
shown us that weeds are the harboring
places of some of the most Injurious
of the fungi that vegetables and fruits
are ruined by. Certain diseases pecu
lla to certain vegetables were thought
to remain In the soil for years, "once In
a field, always," because, after a lapse
of years, that particular vegetable
grown there was attacked by It An In
spiration set him looking for the weed
the fungus had been boarding with In
the meantime, and be found It.
Some of the wise farmers who were
told of It went immediately Into their
fields and rooted out these enemy har
boring weeds and burned rhem, and,
when In their dally walks abroad and
rides they came across them, they de
stroyed them, even by the roadside or
ou somebody else's land. Others didn't,
but thought It was quite enough that
they kuew where the trouble came
from.
Cochin Rantems.
Of all diminutive or pigmy fowls
there can 1 nothing as odd as the Co
chin Bantam, while Its perfect similar
ity to the awkward big Cochin makeslt
a very comical specimen In a diminutive
form, says the Independent. The Huff
Cochin I In (it u in looks to me the pret
tiest, yet that Is simply a matter of
taste. The Game Kcabrlglit Polish ot
Silky Bantams are really very showy
and attractive. It being hard to single
out one from the other. Itautanis are
a study of themselves, and should be
made a specialty to breed them success
fully. They are more delicate, lucking
the constitutional vigor of the larger
fowls, hence they require the very best
care under all condition. Good spec!
meus sell from $5 to $100 per bird, the
price lielng estimated by the blood and
tho perfection of the specimen, and
these prices are not fancy. There It
nothing more attractive to a lady or
child than a flock of Hue liautums of
good breed lug.
Successful FruU Htoraare.
Fruit-growers In the famous Miehl
gun fruit belt are making experiment
In cold slorage of fruit without the us
of Ice. In a recent farmers' institute
essay a Mr. Ilillliiger, of Western Mich
Igait, described a storage plant ou t
small scale. It Is situated under t !?
north wing of the barn, Is thirty-five
feet square, and eleven feet high, l(
covered with three layers of lumber,
wllh two air chambers and pleuty of
tarred paper. This applies to door
and sides. The doors are cut In twe
horizontally, to close the bottom agalns
stock, when desired. A hallway, wltr
doors nt either end, serves as an air
lock In passing In and out dining warm
weather. Ill I s room has repeatedly
held over 1,100 barrels at one time,
No mould has ever bothered nor has uu
apple been lost by freezing. It hai
been lu use for several years, and Is
as good to-day as when built Such re
sults are worth trying for. Can any of
our readers give their experience In
fruit storage?
Durability of Hnsswooil Halls.
There are not nearly so many rail
fences as there used to be, and bass
wood Is loss likely to be used than for
merly, because so many Uses of tlib
wood will pay better. ' Basswood l
very porous, and whenever It is to lu
cut up It should be as soon as possible
after cutting, so that air may reach a
larger portion of It nnd dry out surplus
moisture. It is always noticeable that
a thin I hi hk wood rail, especially If In a
sunny place, will outlast a heavy one,
the latter filling with water In every
wet time, and taking so long to dry out
flint Its center never becomes thorough
!y dry.
Ovcr-Ilrl vlnu Heavy Hnreea.
The true draught horse can often gel
over the ground union tasier man n
supposed, Ills strength of limb mr.kei
lit m whut an old fanner once called
"a strong trotter." lie will not tire
easily, but his extra weight throw
an additional burden on his feet. II
driven fast on hard roods he will almost
certainly go wrong on his feet In some
way. It Is this that gives rise to tlm
Idea that heavy horses have naturally
poor feet. They should be used mainly
for slow farm work, and whenever It It
necessary to use them on the road, cart
should be taken to keep them at a med
crate steady pace, which will make
aa good time aa Is needed la marketing
the farm crops.
EDUCATIONALCOLUMN
NOTES ABOUT SCHOOLS AND
THEIR MANAGEMENT.
Oesaand of To-day la a Thorough El
daloa of All Matter that Preventa
a Thoroagh Midy of the Common
Branches-Ad vice to Taachera.
Fewer Bab J sets.
There Is a reaction of opinion In the
minds of thoughtful persons in rela
tion to the work that public school
ought to do. Ten yean ago the com
mon branches were so strongly de
nounced by prominent educators that
only persons of exceptional coui'Age
dared advocate their thorough study.
To-day we are repenting. We see that
the mob of subjects required in our
curricula la all wrong that simplifica
tion, condensation and concentration
are the watchwords of the hour.
But la It not a fact that, while we are
crying out against this multitude of
subjects, we still continue to teach
them? How many of us have material
ly remodeled our programs and courses
In conformity with the Idea of simpli
fication? We are crying "Wolf! wolf!"
but we are doing nothing to drive him
away. We are excessively afraid of
the adverse criticism of specialists,
who all demand a leading place for
their respective subjects. We fear too
much to change from the loaded course
of our predecessors because, perchance,
some one may accuse us retrogression.
Let us forever ostracize the Idea that
progression In education means a con
tinual Increase In the number of
studies. Progression In teaching means
a continual Improvement In the adapta
tion of the subjects and methods to
the development of the whole move
ment. Tho nature of the mind, care
fully studied, will show the harmful
character of crowded schedules; yet
we fear to unload because of the ap
pearance of retroversion. The sooner
we cast out some of the studies now
In our curricula, the better for our
minds and manliness, and the better
for the education of our pupils. Many
teachers pay too little attention to
reading In the higher grades. They
claim thnt they have no time that
Natural History, Physics, and other
subjects consume the minutes so rap
idly that reading must be dropped.
Why not allow reading to displace the
sciences in the seventh and eighth
grades, and perhaps in the ninth? The
ordinary fifth and sixth readers con
tain gems of literature that, If proper
ly taught, will exercise more Influence
sver the child's soul that all the sciences
combined.
But these reading lessons must be
thoroughly taught. Two or three par
agraphs are often more than enough
for a half hour's reading lesson In the
fifth reader. Huskin sees a beautiful
and significant Idea lu the expression
"Man of letters." A literary man
studies productions so closely that he
may lie said to scrutinize every letter,
a ml is therefore called a man of let
ters instead of a man of words. So
In our higher reading. Close and thor
ough study of a masterpiece, word by
word and sentence by sentence will
bear rich fruit ion.
What can we say of our spelling?
Does the eighth grade pupil of to-day
spell ns accurately as did the eighth
grade pupil ten years ago? We fear
not. Pronounce fifty words of every
day use to our eighth grade pupil of lo
diiy, and In most schools he will make
a sad exhibition. "Throw uway the
spelling book!" said the reformers ten
years ago; and In many schools spell
ing was expelled In disgrace. The re
sults are wofttl. Throw away the
spelling hook If yon will; but for pro
priety's sake drill your pupils on the
words of common usage, that they may
write a decent letter. Tho days of
leaching children foreign words, or En
glish words that they mny never use.
are gone; but to-day let us resolve to
make our children perfect In the spell
ing of everyday English.
What can we say of our eighth or
ninth or twelfth grade penmanship?
Is It better llian It was ten years ago?
Do our pupils present tu-uter work, on
paper or on blackboard? In the ma
jority of case, we far that tho answer
miiKt 1h" In the negative. Is gmid pen
manship desirable.? Certainly. It is
an insult to a man to write hint a one-
uiluute letter In such Illegible hand
writing that It takes ten minutes to
decipher It. How many druggists make
errors In filling prescriptions Ix'causu
tho doctor writes his proscriptions lu
a careless way?
If the Importance of good reading,
good spelling, good writing, good lan
guage, and good arithmetic he acknowl
edged, and If we feel that we are not
treating these subjects as fully as we
ought, we must change our schedules.
We must find time somewhere; and
the only way to do this is to cast out
some of our science work, some of our
higher mathematics, and first . of all
lay a firm foundation In the common
branches. Then our pupils will lie
ready for the more advanced work If
they continue In school; and those who
leave school will have a handwriting,
an orthography, and en understanding
of their resiling thai will commend it
self to our buwtnem men, and may re
sult In position and fortune, Reading
and arithmetic ran arouse deep and
consecutive thinking. Reading can call
to Its aid many of the natural sciences,
and can train through them the senses;
but reading must not be displaced by
what should be Its assistants.
This article presents no churlish ob
jection to science work in all grades.
It only insists on thorough work In the
common branches In the eighth and
ninth grades. If this can be done and
some science taught in addition, well
and good; but if there is not sufficient
time for both the common branches
and the sciences, the latter must be
subordinated and curtailed. What sci
ence work there Is In these grades
should be hygienic and sanitary. U
the common branches are displaced by
the h'gher branches before the former
are properly studied. It Is very prob
able that they will never be well stud
tod lo the rush and press of subsequent
work. There Is no time to return to
them. A young man preparing for
college was studying Virgil, Homer,
and University Algebra; and this same
person at that time could not divide
a fraction by an Integer, nor a decimal
by an Integer. He knew practically
nothing of the common branches. He
Is now a college graduate; and It Is to
be feared that his future success will
be jeopardized by the many weaknesses
of his early education.
The pupils of a certain county In
this State, when between the ages of
13 and 17, pass In nineteen studies In
two years, and receive a county diplo
ma. Yet when these same pupils come
to take the teachers' examination for
the lowest grade of certificate, nearly
all of them drop below BO per cent In
one or more of the common branches.
Instead of passing nineteen studies
and knowing nothing about the most
of them, would It not be more reason
able to devote the time to half that
number and know something about
them? There would lie four times the
mental development that the other
case allows. The consciousness of pow
er in a few subjects Is an all-powerful
excitant to thoroughness In later stud
lea; while cramming In many subjects
produces a nerveless. Impotent, Insipid
overfullness that crushes development.
What our schools now Imperatively
demand is a fearless excision of all
matter that prevents a thorough study
of the common branches; and he who
does it Is an educational reformer.
The Btadjr of Grammar.
In fact, grammar Is the natural focus
Ft d center of all philological study, and
ir is easy to see that this must neces
sarlly be so. For as the spring of all
language Is predication, and as with the
progress of development the act of pred
ication becomes highly complex and
elaborate, some habit of analysis Is re
qulslte if the mind Is to keep pace with
Its own creations. Grammar Is the psy
chological analysis of predication. We
ore too prone to hold elementary gram
mar cheap, merely because It Is elemen
tary, and because it Is supposed to be
common knowledge; but It Is In reality
the first condition of our bringing a
scientific mind to bear upon the phe
nomena of language. Whatever we
learn by comparative philology goes but
to constitute a periphery which re
volves, or ought to revolve, round this
central "hub" of linguistic science.
When we have found out a new ety
mology, what is It but a new instance
of the recovery of an old and forgotten
predication? When, for example, we
learn that "umpire" has dropped an in
itial n, and that the word represents
non-par ("odd, single"), we find that the
fact of his standing between two dis
cordant parties as a single arbitrator
was the predication of which this func
tionary was the subject.
There is a notion abroad that philolo
gy is superior to grammar, that. It Is In
a commanding position over grammar,
and that It has a natural right to super
vise the arrangements and terminology
of grammar. The consequence has been
of late years almost every author who
has come forward as a grammarian has
done so, more or less, in the guise of a
philologist, a.s If this character Invested
him with higher authority, and gave
him power to Innovate upon the time
honored Institutes of grammar. By
this avenue some confused and hybrid
doctrines have found their way Into
current school books. Forum.
Schools In Mexico.
The principle of public Instruction,
the necessary basis of all free. Intelli
gent government, is appreciated, as
there are at the present 12,135 teachers
employed in the public government
schools, at an annual cost of $4,Mi2,88,
aside from llie large number of private
and sectarian schools nnd colleges.
Compulsory education Is enforced in
the federal district and most of t',e
States. (!ood sehoolhouses are snpJ
plied, ns well as school-hooks. Partic
ular attention is paid to the practhwl
branches. The sludy of agriculture,
engineering and mechanics Is particu
larly encouraged.
Advice to Teachers.
(S-aln the confidence of the people of
your district.
Comply cheerfully with the request
and wishes of your county superintend'
ent.
(Strive to exert such an Influence us
will tend to make-your pupils belter
men and better women,' (
Make your school room attractive and
pleasant. (Jive the room a honie-llki)
appearance as far as possible.
Keep your records In a neat, work
manlike manner, so that they will ha
a credit to you and a guide to your suc
cessor. Public Schools.
TOPICS OF THE TIMES.
A CHOICE SELECTION OF INTER
ESTINQ ITEMS.
ate and Criticlanu Based Unoa
the Happenings ef the Daf-ntls"
terieal and Mews Netea.
A Detroit alderman says be refused
s $6,000 bribe the other day; but the
rumor cannot be substantiated.
Lord Salisbury says that England's
arm Is not long enough to reach Ar
menia, but she stretches It to Vene
euela without any apparent difficulty.
i When Jerry Simpson says he has al
ways worn socks be doesn't exactly
kick over the ladder on which he
:1 imbed to fame, but he yarns about It
In a most astonishing way.
Emperor William baa ordered the
statuee of thirty-two of his ancestors
for Berlin, but the fantastic young man
will omit oue of the greatest of them
til his English grandmother.
The heir to ai Vanderbllt fortune Is In
danger of being cut oS with an annual
Income of $20,000, because be desires to
fnarry a poor girl who will bring him
only $2,000,000. But after all, there
are worse things even than poverty so
abject aa this.
Spanish papers say all propositions
that Spain should greatly modify Cu
ba's colonial condition are "la.ugha.ble."
The Madrid Government Is clearly bent
on adding one more to the number of
American republics, which Is the usual
result of such stubborn pride and des
pot irtm.
At the trial of an Oregon murderer
the fact appeared Incidentally that the
prisoner had assassinated two other
people besides the one named In the
indictment This fact his lawyer ad
vances as the basis for a new trial.
The employment of a criminal record
a.s a mitigating circumstance is new
enough to be Interesting.
The production of aluminum in this
country lias Increased from 83 pounds
In 1883 to 850,000 pounds In 1895, and
the estimate for 180C Is 3,000,000
pounds, the processes for making it
having been greatly Improved. The
price at the reduction works ranges
!froui fiO wilts to 55 eenta a pound. Ap
plied electricity explains the ease with
which the light metal Is now turned
out.
Kdtm Mitchell recovered a verdict for
$20,000 for damages a gal not the Ta
coma Railway and Motor Company for
personal injuries. The Supreme Court
lias given her the option of takiug $12,-
000 or else going to the trouble of a new
trial. Of course the court has the right
to do this, but one cannot help wonder
ing if the court would have Increased
the damages to $12,000 If the jury had
only awarded $5,000.
There are all sorts of clubs nowadays
eating clubs, thirteen clubs, whist
Hubs, fat men's clubs, and lean men's
iiubs but the most unique of them all
s I he one recently started in New
fork, entitled "The Society of Pointed
teards." The first article of the con
stitution says: "No one shall be eligible
unless he have a carefully cultivated
beard, terminating In oue symmetrical
point a half-Inch from the apex of the
l-liin, of sufficient evidence to preclude
l-ontroversy." It Is rather difficult to
nmglue what the club talks, about
They surely cannot always discuss one
(mother's whiskers.
The careful avoidance of a battle in
Cuba indicates that the war Is not near
(in end. It Is claimed tlmt there are
iver 12.000 or 15,000 armed Insurgents
n the Held, while reports allege 1hat
(0,000 to 50,000 Spanish troops are in
he armies commanded bv General
lU'eyler. If General Wcjier has this
lumber of soldiers why does he not
ind t'ne Insurgents somewhere nnd
ight them? If the Cubans have a sin
gle army of (i,000 men. besides other
on es, why do they not fiirht a battle?
When both armies systematically dodge
each other throughout the campaign
the war Is likely to be a long one.
A Southern magazine prints reports
from 500 correspondents on the finan
cial condition of the farmers of that
poet Ion. It Is shown that the Southern
farmers are carrying less debt than
ever before; that they nre producing
more provisions for home consumption,
rapidly Impovlng their farms, and add
ing to their household comforts. The
corn crop of fourteen Southern States
last year was 007,0('5f017 bushels, an
Increase of 124,000,000 bushels over
1S04, and of 172,000,000 bushels over
1SIKI. Southern ngrhnilture Is In ex
cellent shape, and grwa in proportion
lis It Is Intelligently diversified. This
fac. is now so dearly proved that It
idntuld no longer be necessary to harp
iipou It.
A lthode Inland woolen manufacturer
ins raised the wages of his employes
I'roiti 10 to 15 per cent He made a cut-
jlown altout two years ago In order to
ntp his employes at work, and his mill
n constant operation., But now that
business Is again booming this true
disciple of live and let live has reward
si those wb t Mood by htm at a sacrifice
by sending checks to them covering bi
sum lost by the cat-down during hd
dull period. This aort of voluntary ara
fit sharing and loss sharing betwwsB
mill employers and their "hands," If
mada universal, would soon leave ao
claMam with nothing practical to con
tend for.
Westminster Gazette: The deca
dence of the British nation, ac
cording to the "Vegetarian Alma
nack," is due to beefsteak and tobac
co. "The people of this country are,
getting so that they are not able to
make anything for themselves. We
have no great inventors, we bare ne
constructors of things either orna
mental or useful. Women are even los
ing the useful domestic arts which
make homes happy and comfortable.
This all arises from eating flesh and
drinking liquor, and the smoking of
tobacco caps the climax of ruin, for
It la destroying the brains of the peo
ple and reducing their Intellect to noth
ing, so that they cannot see the erlis
that are coming on them." Some per
sons will think, after reading this, that
the clearness of vision vouchsafed by
vegetarianism Is not particularly remarkable.
Another one of the many devices by
whlcfh the French Government geeks to
encourage the Increase of population la
to be found In the new income tax
scheme Just submitted by which a lery
Is made upon every one with an lncotns
of $500 and upwards. One per cent ll
levied on an Income of $600; 2 per can
on $1,000; 3 per cent on $2,000; 4 per
cent on $3,000, and 5 per cent on $5,000
and upwards. The significant feature
of the scheme, however, is the deduc
tions which are to be made In propor
tion to the number of children which a
man may have, and which in case of a
large family would wipe out half the
tax. Numerous schemes have been
tried in the past to increase the popu
lation of the republic, which, after be
ing comparatively stationary for many
years, is now slowly but steadily dimin
ishing, but none of them succeeded. II
now remains to be seen whether a moni
ey premium will offset the moral dis
count In encouraging the domestic vir
tues aud in heightening respect tor the
the well-known scriptural injunction.
The verdict of the committee which
conducted the Investigation of the out
rageous charges made by Lord Dun
raven presents a complete refutation,
which Is expressed In terms more cour
teous than his petty lordship deserved
to have applied to him. They sayi
"I'pon a careful consideration of th
whole case the committee are unanl.
mously of the opinion that the charge
made by Lord Dunraven, and which
has been the subject of this lnvestlga
tlon, had its origin in mistake; that it
is not only not sustained by evidence,
but is completely disproved; and thai
all the circumstances indicated by him
as giving rise to suspicion are entirely
and satisfactorily explained." Whlld
the committee are charitable enough
to attribute his charge to a mistake,
their report places Lord Dunraven in
a position where he will forfeit the re
spect of his fellows unless he takes ac
tion to purge "himself. The only action
he can take that will meet the necessi
ties of the case is to confess his wrong
doing and make an amnle anoloev.
If
he fails to do this he will have to fat
the contempt of the two nations Inter
ested as a malicious falsifier.
In America it is the fashion to givo
presents to servants at Christmas time,
but. It has by no means reached the
pitch as a nuisance to which 1t has ar
rived In England. There a man is
besieged by every human being who
has done anything for him, from the
railway guard who rakes his ticket to
the man who hands him his hat at
his club. But oppressive as the tax is
now, it seems that one hundred years
ago It was even worse. At that time
the servants demanded Christmas-boxes
from the tradesmen who purveyed
to their employers. It Is still the catn.
in the large fashionable households of
England, and a butcher recently wrote
to a nobleman there, his letter being
marked "private" and reading: "Your
cook has so enormously increased her
commission terms this Christmas that
I shall have no alternative but to In
crease my prices to you during the
ensuing year. If I had not compiled
with her demand, she would have com
plained to you of my meat" This re
calls the fact that in 171)5 the butchers
living within the parish of Hackney,
London, were forced to advertise In
the Times that they would be obliged
to discontinue the practice of giving
Christmas-boxes to servants, otherwise
they would lose all their profits on the
sale of meat.
Good Municipal Government.
The city of Talis raxes bicycles $2.50
a year and gets a revenue of $40,000
from them. She also makes the gas
companies- light her public buildings
and streets at their own expense and
In addition to this gets about $4,000,000
a year In cash out of them from the
profits they make. Paris also has
water and paved streets, which are
kept clean by companies which pay
for the privilege of taking away, to be
used as fertilizing matter, all sweeping-
Form good habits, and you will find
them as bard to break as bad habltl.
vr
