The Sioux County journal. (Harrison, Nebraska) 1888-1899, June 06, 1895, Image 1
, ' ' 4. M. ' 'The Sioux County Journal VOLUME VII. HAKKISON, NEBRASKA, THURSDAY, JUNE 0, 1895. NUMBER 40. yG' i 1 ,1 WORN BY THE WOMEN SOME OF THE VERY LATEST IDEAS IN DRESS. Elaborate Garniture of Many Klna May Be Displayed on the S-wroer Bodice Varioua Styles in .Taney Walsta Bloused, Capped and Pleated. Faahlon's Latest Fancies. New York Correspondence: ' V that summer Ih near at hand the upier half of you may he tin-used with the simple y plainness that tai lor ruts bring, or the other extreme may be safely reached and the bodice made the medium for dis playing very elab orate garnitures of many kinds. It Is always necessary to a good summer ffect that such trimmings should be of the lightest sorts, so that altogether they cauuot by the slightest possibili ty constitute a suggestion of lidded weight or warmth. By using care In their application It Is easily possible to have ns much of trimming as there Is of the garment trimmed. Of new bodices that are originally planned with sufficient ornamentation to get them off daintily, the picture tie side the Initial shows an especially dressy model. Made of white cloth and trimmed with dark silk, it ha a Test of white chiffon, with collar to match, and each side Is finished with three revers. The lowest one forms a sailor collar In back. Is of white stuff piped with silk, and the others com bine both fabrics. The licit first en circles the waist and Hum one pud Is carried up to the bust to llnish In a four looped bow. Cuff and collar ''! BI.OI SKI1, CAPPKIl AMI n.KATP.n. trimming Is of Hie silk, and a pair of silk straps appears on the front breadth of the skirt, which Is of the white goods and Is otherwise plain. It does not hint at unfashlotiableness for this bodice to say that rever effects are not as nlcntlful as they were several months ago, for though they are cor rect enough, the craw? for bag fronts Las pushed them from their former conspicuous place. That stronghold of the rever, t he eton Jacket, renin ins In favor for simple outing suits, but the aklrt this year Is Jauntily short, sets out In regular folds at sides and back, and the shirt waist Is Invariably bloused. Though the outing snlt of to day Is about what It was last year, It I Just these exceptions that make It Imperative to have H uew one. On the Moused fronts already In high favor, a new trick Is asserting Itself fashionably and consists In fitting the shoulder tightly with a piece that Is more cap than epaulette. In the earlier Instances of the use of this device the rap was allowed to extend well below the shoulder and, as that necessitated pushing the sleeve puff downward, women who bad not very fine shoulders objected to the shape. Both these fea turesthe bag front and the shoulder SF.ItVIC F.AIII.E Pl.KAT POlt MAKlMft OVP.H. caps are shown. In the artist's second offering, nnd tho latter fashion Is here expressed In t way that does not change the profile of the sleeve puffs. White accordion pleated crepe Is used Id this model, which Is made over a fitted lining and hangs at the side. The draiied crepe belt hooks with a bow in back and the yoke epaulettes and cuffs are made of plain while silk richly em broidered with a net of large beads and fringe to match. In the fancy waist that follows this In the illustrations, the loosigiess of front Is attained by a central boxpleat which is by all odds the most common method. The fact that It can be easily applied to last year's waists to make them over to current styles does not prevent Its appearing on countless new garments, among which are many of costly stuffs, exquisitely made. This one Is of apricot glace silk, its collar and belt of strawberry velours, and the epaulettes and straps over the shoul ders are white Clunny lace. The sleeves here are without ornamentation, ex- A ('HANOI! OF VKSTS poSHIHI.K. cept for the epaulettes, but. they end lit the elbow, and this very rule of elbow length leads to sleeves tint are little else than bits of lace, ribbon and fix In's. Dainty examples of this sort are no more than deep frills of lace set high on the top of the shoulder and gathered Into a great lw of ribbon. Such a sleeve gives grace and finish to the arm, and the contour of the shoul der Is not Interfered with. It surely Is a pity that such a pretty waist as the next pictured one must be hidden at any time by an outer gar ment Soon the season will "ome when wraps may be discarded altogether except for outdoor evening uses, and at such times they will not net as conceal ers of the beautiful. In the light of day, or In the glare of artificial llitht this waist can assert itself, and hiding it under a bushel when till about Is dark ness does no harm. It Is sketched In red and green changeable taffeta, the back being fitted and of bias material, while the full fronts open over n baggy vest of coffee-colored linen embroider ed In Turkish designs with vari-coloreil silks. I'lalti silk may be substituted for this embroidered linen, or a variety of vests made available. Tin? stock collar Is of taffeta made separately. ,The great popularity of the bag front Is clearly due to the ease with which it Is applied to any dress. A mere box pleat of material to match, or of some- thing that shall lend elaboration, can be put on the old dress and suffices to make It presentable. In these cir cumstances she Is a wise woman who, having a handsome figure, does not succumb entirely to the bag front. There Is muh distinction now In a closely fitted garment anil though she may have the new gown cut full, she should not discard her close fitted rigs tH hastily. Then, as to the new waist, It Is possible to at le to the demand for an overhanging front and still preserve to a large extent the lines of the figure. The concluding Illustra tion portrays a model that does this nicely. Matle here of blue striped silk, Its front Is laid In three box-pleats flint are ornamented with several rows of tiny gold sequins. The plain standing collar fastens with one button and the Inner seams of the cuffs show a row of spangles. The back riMiuilns plain and a belt of the silk comes around the waist. This waist will be very dressy when worn with a black serge or black satin godet skirt, and its front fullness Is us slight as It cau be made In this cut' Copyright, lMKi. Student .Several of my friends arc coming to dine here, so I want a Ids' table. Mine Host Just look at th.' one, sir. Fifteen persons could sleej quite comfortably umbo- It Fllesend Illaetter. I 1 A COMPKOMISK. ' TOPICS FOR FARMERS DEPARTMENT PREPARED FOR OUR RURAL FRIENDS. BarfaceCultl vatlon for Corn Will Oi ve More and 1 arller Grain -No ProBt in Home Mixing of Fertiliiera How to 1'rune I'm It Trees. Corn Culture. Surface cultivation for corn Is In the air, and the iiuinfuacturers of corn working tools are working along that Hue, and the company that will give us the best Ib the oue we want to pat ronize. I am ho fully satisfied that sur face cultivation will give us more and earlier corn, says S. FavM In the Prai rie Farmer, that I believe the time will soon be here when the Intelligent farm er will no more allow the corn roots to be broken If he can help It than he would allow the leg of his calf or pig to be broken. My plan for planting the corn Is this: First fit the ground nicely, have it firm anil free from lumps, the rows only one way. This will save all checking and marking. Would prefer It out In drills, kernels ten inches apart In this way one can be plow ing, fitting and planting at the same 1 time (if he has teams enough); If It Is a small farmer, with only one team, he can fit any isirt of the piece and plant it, and then lit the rest In that way part of the corn will be growing and ready for the cultivator as soon as one can get to It I am In favor of a free use of the common harrow on the field corn. Commence In a day or two after the planting is done and harrow till the corn Is four to six Inches high, but do not commence In the morning after the corn Is up, till the dew Is off, for the corn will break easily when It Is wet. Itut after the sun is on it awhile, It gets tougher and will stand a good deal of knocking around without breaking. He sure and go over the whole field before the corn Is up and level It down, and then the after harrowing will be less likely to cover any of the corn. Io not be scared if it does look a little bud when you first go over it I mean when the corn is up; unless there Is a lump or a sod on It It will straighten up ami take care of Itself, and the har row will break any crust that may be formed on the, ground that you cannot break with any kind of cultivator, and, besides, you can kill weeds much faster than with any other tool, and kill them, too, before they start much. So keep the fine tooth harrow going as long as you can, and It will do you good. Home Mlln of Fertilisers. Nothing cati.be gained by the pur chase of mineral fertilizers and mixing them by hand. All the large establish ments where fertilizers are made have facilities nnd machinery for grinding nnd mixing the fertilizers, so that the work can be done much more cheaply than It Is possible to do It by hand. The competition among dealers Insures a low price for all commercial fertilizers. Thirty years ago, when phosphate be gan to be used In the Northern States, the price by the ton was $05, aud In small amounts It sold at 5 cents per pound, or at the rate of $100 per ton. We think t tin t at this time Southern farmers got their phosphate somewhat cheaper than this. They bought by the carload for growing cotton, anil paid as high ns $10 per ton. Competition has reduced the price. Owing to strict State InsptH'tion of fertilizers there Is less cheating than there was then. All fertilisers have their guaranteed-analy-sls marked In each package, and they are almost Invariably what they are represented to be. Pruning Frnlt Trees. In pruning fruit trees attention has to be given to the manner In which the particular kind bears Its fruit The cherry and the pear lioth bear their fruit on short spurs, and In trimming, therefore, the effort should le to pro duce a large quantity of healthy fruit spurs. Summer pruning docs this ad mirably. The branches that we want to remain as leading shoots should not be touched: but the weaker ones may be pinched back, about midsummer, about one ftsit or two-thirds of their growth. This will Induce the swelling of a Dumber of buds that will produce flowers Instead of branches, and In this way, fruit spurs cun be obtained on comparatively young trees; but with such kinds as the grape vine, the fruit Is Itorne on the branches of last year's growth, so the effort should be to throw all the vigor possible Into those grow ing branches that we want to bear fruit the next season. To do this we pinch buck the shoots that we do not want to extend, or even pull these weak shoots out altogether. A little pruning Is then necessary, .In the winter, to shorten back these strong, bearing canes, or b prune out altogether the weaker ones that we check by pinching back during the growing season. Cultivating the Small Grulna. English farmers have learned that there Is great advantage In spring cul tivation of winter wheat. But the Eng llsli method of hoeing the grain by hand labor Is much too expensive to Ik) afforded at present wheat prices. What Is quite as good as hand hoeing, nnd much less expensive, Is thoroughly har rowing the surface In spring before sowing grass and clover seeds. Kolllng should follow the harrowing. With spring grain the rolling ought to come first aud compact the soil around the young plant It is a mistake to roll as soon as the seed is sown, as Is often done. If rains follow after this com pacting of the surface the young plants do not easily brek through It and are weakened. Kolllng the surface after the grain Is up operates differently. It breaks any crust that may have formed, and presses the soil closely about the roots. Then In a day or two run tho smoothing harrow over the rolled sur face, aud It will be as good as running the cultivator through young corn to Increase Its growth. After the grain la up heavy rains will not compact the surface soil, for the force of the rain drops Is broken by the leaves, and no crust over the surface will be formed. If clover or grass seed Is gown with spring grain It should be after the roll ing and cultivating, else the small seeds will be covered too deeply. ' 'Irrigating the Garden. The subject of Irrigation of the gar den Is one of present Interest The garden Is the most productive part of the farm, but quite often the product Is greatly reduce by a few dry days during which young plants are destroy ed for the want of water, or the older ones are so weakened at the blossom ing time that they fall to set fruit That most important crop, the strawberry, especially suffers from the want of wa ter, and It has been found that some simple method of Irrigation has tripled the average yield, with an equivalent Improvement In the quality of the fruit It has been showu by scientific experi ments that the yield of any crop Is In prortlon to the quantity of water passing through the plants. This Is not only reasonable, but easily demonstra ble, as the only food available to plant Is that dissolved in water, and if the water Is deficient In supply the plant Is starved to the extent of the defi ciency, while the contrary applies equally. So that a short supply of wa ter In the soil Is equivalent to a short ening of the supply of food, and the most fertile soil cannot yield more than a meager crop. It Is the same as If the soil were deficient In fertility. It is sunlly proper to Irrigate most garden truck at the blossoming period, espe cially If the soil Is dry aud the weather warm, anil It la again essential to wa ter when the fruit Is set Denver Field and Farm. Illack Mlnorcas. This breed of poultry Is rapidly grow ing In favor In this progressive age of poultry culture, as their good qualities are better known. They are of Span ish origin, and have been bred for many years In England. They are the largest nonsittlng breed In existence, and ex cel as egg producers, both In number and size of the eggs, says Ohio Farmer. They combine two oluts that render them especially desirable, xiz.: utility and beauty. They have large single combs, red face with pure white ear lobes, lustrous black plumage, nnd are proud and majestic. The American standard weight for Black Minorca cocks is eight pounds, and for hens six antl a-half pounds. They are very hardy, mature early, pul lets begin to lay when live months old, and continue through the winter. Their ability to fill the egg basket is recog nized not only by the fancier, but by the practical farmer. Bruises and Wounds of Trees. Nothing Is better for covering the bruises on trees than oil shellac with, perhaps, a little flower of sulphur and a few drops of carbolic acid, which last Ingredient should lie used very sparing ly. The mixture can be applied with a paint brush. For the exclusion of the air from wounds, It Is suggested thnt a grafting wax, made of four parts of rosin, two parts of beeswax and one of tallow, melted together, poured Into water and Immediately worked and made up Into half-pound rolls, Is con venient to have ready for use. Held In the hands so that it Is softened, a small lump of It may be spread over a wound, and It will remain for some time and keep out alr'and germs of disease1. If the wound Is large the ap plication may need to be repeated. Hural New-Yorker. Feeding Whole Grain to Horse. As horses grow older anil their teeth an' poorer they bolt their grain more j greedily and do not attempt to chew It I as hey should. Whole grain fed thus does little good. (Jrnln for horses whose teeth are poor ought always to be ground antl given with cut hay. Kven when younger horses are fed whole grain some finely-chopped hay should be cut nnd wet to mix with It. This will make them eat more slowly and they will chew their food better. But for horses of any age feeding whole grain Is wasteful however It may be given. A great deal will pass through them and give them very little nutri ment Hose Growlntj. A rose grower says: "I would never mix stable manure with soil for roses. It may be used when thoroughly decom posed ns a top dressing, but In the soil It Is bad. I have seeu btsls In which It was used so full of white fungus they were fairly matted together. Sheen manure I consider one of the very best fertilizers we have, either In liquid torin or mixed with so'.l at the time of plant ing. It should not be added to the compost heap, for too much of It In one place la sure death to all vegetable lift" NOTES ON EDUCATION. MATTERS OF INTEREST TO PU PIL AND TEACHER. What Is to Be Done with the Gradu ate rM unificent Gifts of Wealthy Men to Columbia College Evils of Overcrowding in the Public Schools. After Graduation, What? Commencement day with its white .gowns, its berlLiboueu essay, auu its touching sense of the high aspirations to be reached after in life, is a charm ing occasion. But after graduation, what then? Boast as much as you will of the pro gress of the girl, she is rather a help less being still; and however pleasing helplessness in woman may be, In poe try, In actual life it loses its charms and assumes features which conspire to anything but the happiest lot In the world. lu this world more than two- thirds of the women are wage-workers; and what does their meed of dol lars amount to? A majority of them average less than $1 per day, aud $10 to $15 per week marks the outside limit of the most favored few In number, unsurpassed in ability. Women may be self-supporting, but very few, com paratively shaking, have reached the point where they look beyond subsist ence to a comfortable competency, as men reckon such matters, or to getting rich. True enough, the field of woman's Industries are broadening. In business circles, lu cities at least there is very little distinction nowadays between what Is properly woman's work anil man's work, except lu the nil-import ant mutter of pay. Co Into any large manufactory, even where every pro duct is distinctively connected with man's labor, somewhere about the building, with needle or brush, tend ing a machine, keeping btsks, or man ipulating a typewriter, you will find a woman at work. On the other hand, start, any new Industry, no matter how specially adapted to wonians nimble lingers or keen eyesight or insight, If there is "money lu It." man is in the field anil comes Into immediate compe tition with woman. The question or a living in this world, for man or woman either, Involves a good deal of thought and study more of each with every year that goes by. With the higher class of Industries to which woman aspires, relations are much the same as with the lower. Teaching Is overcrowded. Journalism Is uncertain, and not an easy profes sion to get started in. Literature, with out the highest order of talent, is hope less. Lecturing Is past Its prime, nnd public reading Is going the same way. Iu music, vocal or Instrumental, ex cept for the one rarely gifted In a hun dred thousand, there is an absolute glut In the market. To be a third-rate musician Is to fail outright. In paint ing the same. Taken collectively, the difference be tween' men und women and it is an In finite difference Is comprehended In one Idea organization. A nation, a State, a city, a church, the public sehool system, any modern institution whatever, Is a corporation of men, in which women are disconnected units. Business firms and corporations are or ganizations of men with rarely a wom an partner among them. Women have done much, but It Is as well not to applaud their successes too loudly till they have done more. Let them pay to a business education in business principles the same thorough attention they now pay to the require ments of society superfluities; the same careful thought and study they bestow upon their evening costumes and a thousand and one other fancies which prove but a passing pleasure to so many of themselves, antl a vain delu sion antl a snare to as many men. Let them by systematic study and training fit themselves for the varied occupa tions they can enter upon without do lug violence to their physical organi zation. This course will bring Its im mediate result; for men will be com pelled then to seek a living in those oc cupations, abundant enough, from which women are debarred, but which they themselves avoid because of the manual labor, the heat of the sun, and various other discomforts to be en countered. Surely no Injustice will be done, for woman must live; antl If not favored by fortune with a plenteous provision of this world's goods, she must struggle for her bread In those fields open to all the human race the ranks of the employes. But what slit- needs to complete success In the Ileitis open to her, Is faith In herself and a business courage. At the same time the accomplish ments of n perfect wife should be at tallied. For at marriage and what girl does not calculate upon It these will become her stock In trade, and furnish abundant claim for release from any cares In the transaction of business affairs. The world owes no man a living Nor does It any woman. As before In tlmateil, poetic conceptions aud actual. life experiences, are two different things. And In the hurry, bustle, and st lire for the dollars to make life's path ester, the world sees no distinction In the nature of dress of the being who re quires them. Gifts to a College. President Seth Low, of Columbia College, New York, recently made a regal gift to that institution. The trus tees were in session, considering ways and means to push forward work of . construction on the uew college build ings, when President Low announced his niimificlent offer of $l,0W,Ko, to lie used iu the erection of the library building. The donor desired the build ing to be a memorial to his father, Abiel Abbott Low, "a merchant who taught his sou to value the things for which Columbia College stands." The conditions attached to the gift are threefold. It Is President Low's desire, lu the first place, that the gift shall be the means of exteuiling col lege privileges to some of the boys and girls of his native city, Brooklyn, there by maintaining a high standard of effi ciency ln both the public ami private schools of that city. Accordingly twelve Brooklyn scholarships for boys will be established in Columbia and twelve Brooklyn scholarships for girls lu Bar nard College. The scholarships are to lie awarded by competition, three a year, beginning with the autumn of LSlMi, each scholarship to be held for th full college course of four years. Following President Ijow's gift came one of $."!00,oi0 from Chairman William C. Schermerhoru, of the Board of Trus tees, lie said that he made himself re sponsible for the national science build ing, or for any other building or part of a building to cost that amount F. Augustus Scherinerhorn, one of the trustees, presented to the college the Townseud Library of National, State and Biographical War Records. Crowded Schools and Health. Henry Dwight Chapin, of New York, n specialist In diseases of children, lias written an article on the subject "Crowded Schools as Promoters of Dis ease." Some of his recommendations regarding sanitary school construction are valuable and timely. He says: "So public school building should be con structed that will accommodate more than ) or 1,000 children, several build lugs being put up, if necessary, to house larger numbers. Expe rience shows that the health of children lu our large schools can be best con served by allowing fifteen square feet of floor space, 250 cubic feet of air space, and at least 1,800 cubic feet of fresh air to each pupil per hour. No better rough incubator of disease germs could be devised than a small, closed, unventilated wardrobe on a stormy day, packed with the wet aud soiled outer garments of children com ing from all sorts and kinds of homes. The life conditions of thou sands of poor children in tenement houses are bad enough. It is at least the duty of our cities to see to it that their bad environment is not continued in the schools. What is needed Is a more coustunt and regular sanitary oversight of the schools by experts in hygiene." A Sensible School Board. The Stevens Point (Wis.) School Board at a regular meeting adopted a decided Innovation lu prescribing the dress of graduates of the high school. The commissioners passed a resolution to the effect that the girls who gradu ated shall appear on commencement day In dresses of "plain white muslin," and the young men in "plain neat suits." The board considered this ac tion necessary In view of the fact that well-to-do parents constantly vie with one auotlier to see wmcn can array their daughters In the most attractive. commencement day finery. Educational Notes. Eight schools averaging $40,000 each are under construction ln Buffalo. The report of the Board of Education of Kansas City, Mo., shows an enroll ment of 41,500 In the county during the past year. Actual expenses for the ensuing year are estimated at $224,000. Prof. Nicholas Murray Butler, of Co lumbia College, chief editor of the Edu cational Uevlew, has been chosen to preside over the meeting of the Na tional Educational Association that is to meet in Denver. W. C. Dohm, of Princeton, 00, recent ly deceased, was a uoted athlete, and left numerous troplries. Including twenty-five heavy gold medals, eight silver cups antl a large number of smaller prizes. Ills widow lias presented the entire collection to the college. The school savings bank system In troduced In a number of school districts of Pennsylvania as an experiment iu education six years ago, has ceased in Its functions as an experiment anil be come, according to the Philadelphia Times, an excellent feature of the com mon curriculum, not so much as a study, but as a training Into methods of economy, self-denial, and as a provis ion for the future. The most notable example Is lu Chester and the contigu ous districts of South Chester, Upland, Etltlystone, and Marcus Hook. The April report shows that the pupils lu the schools of Chester have the hand some sum of $.'13,075 to their credit, and those of South Chester 0,858. The ag gregate amount for the five sections is $42,251. As an object lesson In finance lu which loys and girls have a practi cal. Individual share this Is a very tractive example. lasxj V