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About The Sioux County journal. (Harrison, Nebraska) 1888-1899 | View Entire Issue (March 7, 1895)
- .4$ i If 4 '"ft 2'J 4 ' 4 ft THE FARM AND HOME. HATTERS OF INTEREST TO FARM ER AND HOUSEWIFE. hacaline Promise to Be a Boon for -Arid Regions Pigeons Are Pretty nd Profitable Points on Storage for feaxa-Cattle Beliab Chaff. Agricultural Devices. A good one-horse farm cart can now be had for $25. and one with broad ateel tires will cost $40. A two-wheel Kenp manure spreader may be had lor $00, and if bought at second-hand for $30, or even lew at sales. For farm work, especially where large quautltles of jianiirts or stone are to be hauled, a good cart cannot be diapensed wi'li. It saves time and la lior. One man can load and dump the manure when wanted If a wagon Is ud the uiaBure has to be thrown out with a fork, for which hand-work Is required. In these times of low prices the work must be done quickly, and with as little handling as possible. For this reason a good manure spread er will be found a very necessary tool to have. "The manure can be loaded In the yard, hauled to the field and spread as it Is driven over the ground. The manure Is act only spread, but It Is spread property, all lumps broken up and an even coat spread as thick as wanted, and making no skips. The editor has limed a two-horse 'load of manure spread from one of them spreaders, and it did the work perfectly In less than fifteen mlmit.es. If the field is near the barn, two acres can be spread In a day, with the driver and a man at the yard helping to load. : If the manure is spread on the sod there will be little wash, as the sod will hold it By aid of this cart the manure from a large herd of cattle can be bauled and spread as fast as made, thus preventing loss from leak ing In the yards, and saving the cost of one man's !abor every day. This Is an Important item. Baltimore Ameri- " The Difference in Animals, A neighbor who makes his living by trading around, as he expresses It, came to see If I nad a thoroughbred o for sale. I had. and showed him nop. telliuir him that the price was 1100. He declined to buy, Baying that he had a grade that was Just as good, Kirh cost him but 140. t "Tbi3 was in one sense true, for his cow wo'ild make as much butter as w v.r.t there the equality stopped, nd -sd short. A skilled marks- maan w v be depended upon to place the ba i near or in the bull's eye at wry :.hot, while the beginner who may b.- chance bit the bull's eye once of 1 In a vhlle. as a ruie I rule snoots wmc . .:r u This is the mnerence oe- tweet) a moruuKuui a grade. The thoioughbred is a good xv because for generations upon gen erations she has been bred with care, and the result is a certainty, while vbev the scrub i S u ls because of : a lucky chance. Now, If inilk or butter 'werr the only thing we wanted, the .fnib cow -that gives as much inijk as ii'tiorouiW.1 TTiTgl.i U worth as juDfh. But this is not all. We want to l aV" more cows, and this Is where the dltterence Is. Our thoroughbred can be depended upon to a certainty to pro duce a good calf, for all her ancestors were good, and she could not bring forth an Inferior animal if she wanted to, for she l as no inferior blood in her veins. But the grade cow has more or less blood from inferior animals, and this blood is always liable to crop out. And the result wil) !o poor cow, tli :: i Te for Sweet Apples. Tf farmers anil stoekuieu knew the value of sweet apples as a feed for atock, especially for hogs, they would grow more of thetn. Sweet apples from one acre of full bearing trees will make more pork than four acres of corn will. In planting an -orchard for this pur pose, I Tfould suggest planting varie ties that will ripen in succession, be ginning with Golden Sweet, a very ear ly variety, and an abundant annual bearer. The following are good early and late fall varieties: Belmont Sweet, Jersey Sweet, Bailey Sweet, Orange Sweet, Sweet RUsset and Munson Sweet Weaver Sweet and Lady Sweet are two good winter varieties. Sever-( al hundred bushels of good winter weet apples stored In barn cellars would be a great treat to stock to give them a feed once a day. v Hog cholera is a stranger to hogs that have free ac cess to all the apples they want Sweet apples will Increase the flow of milk wonderfully in dairy cows. Try it, brother farmer. Keeping Kgns Too Cool. There ls such a thing as destroying eggs by keeping them at a temperature near the freezing point There is a vital germ In the egg, which will pro tect it from freezing if the cold is not long continued. But If this germ dies the vitality which preserves the egg's purity ls destroyed. The dead germ decays. If the egg ls placed In a damp, unwholesome cellar this decay la hastened by the absorption In the egg of foul odors, with the microtis that always accompany them. Eggs that have been fertilized cannot be kept Indefinitely, even by excluding air by coating the shells. In time this exclusion of air kills the germ, and then the egg rots very rapidly. Eggs for winter use or for cooking at any time ought always to be laid by bens that have no companionship with the rooster. If males were kept only to fertilize eggs for breeding there would be fewer bad eggs In market at any i of the year. Uaorofltahle Vlncrarns. Toe low prices of grapes the hut two years have nit many vineyards un BtoOaabte. Taw tM discouraged Tine IM Msv tftwowD on IB mar' ket many vineyards that when planted were looked forward to with high hopes. We think that many such vine yards are now for sale at much lees than their value. The depression In business has decreased the buying ca pacity of large cla a of people, so that even the low prices of fruit have not tempted buyers as they should have done. The people of the United States do not eat one-half the fruit that they ought to do. When their appetite returns, or rather the means for gratifying it, fruits of all kinds will pay better than they have lately done. Twenty or thirty years ago fruits were as much too dear as they are now too low. The law of supply and demand has a swing like a pendu lum, and Its turn now Is In fsvor of the fruit grower whenever the change comes. Value of Grain Chaff. The chaff of grain has a higher nu tritive value than any part of the stalk. It Is the part nearest the grain Probably In a green straw some of the nutriment on Its way through the sap to the grain is detained before It reach es the place It started for. Cattle that have good hay will always eat some oat or barley chaff for a change. If given a small quantity every day. Yet when stacks are made with too little help to get away the straw, moat of the chaff falls beneath the carrier. It is heavier than the straw, because is is more compact, and also because the man standing nnder the carrier Is al ways treading down the chaff nnder bis feet The last year we were farm ing we used to go with team and box wagon where the carrier had been. and pile It full with the chaff to pot In the barns. It saved the feeding of much hay, and any stock, except cows giving milk, did qeite as well on It We never could feed straw or grain chaff to milch cows without lessening their yield. Some scatter the chaff through the stack, but this requires a good deal of unnecessary labor, and even then there will always be most chaff left under the straw carrier. It wets through the first rain storm, and unless put under shelter soon rots down, and becomes worthless before cold weather cornea. Pigeons so th 'arm. There Is nothing more attractive to a boy on a farm than a flock of pig eons, and there In no farm on which a few might nut be kept The common variety Is easily obtained and they will take care of themselves If give a nesting place. They are quite pro lific breeding four or five time year, two birds being hatched at a time. The yonng make nice stews and the old ones, made Into a pot-pie, are a dish fit for a king. Much amuse ment may be gotten from the fancy sorts, such as pouters, tumblers, fan- tails, trumpeters, ana homer. We have kent all sorts and found ready sale for : - . at good prices. IUC IU SI WVS ' u .a, mmv taau- always in good demand, and the old pigeons bring a good price always In the markets. It costs but little to keep them, as they pick up most of their living about the farm. They make nice pets and serve a good pur pose In keeping hoys Interested In the farm. We recommend pigeons to every farmer. Springfield Farm News. Leaky Ponltry-Honee Roofs. A small hole In the roof will do In calculable damage to a flock by keep ing the house damp and cold. Evapor ation of moisture is always at the ex pense of loss of warmth, and the fail ure to stop a crack may cause an ex pense for more food, as the body of the fowl is kept warm by the food, and the piore comfortable the quarters the less food required. Dry cold, where the fowls are not exposed to the winds, will no causj os much sickness jis dampness Tud especially when the rain not only leaks down on the floor, but also on the fowls ns well. Close the leaks before the weather becomes cold. Farm and Fireside. t--' -t - Feedins Poultry at Night. The heaviest feed for poultry or other animals should be at nlgtt Sleep fa vors digestion and keeping the stomach full Is the best protection against cold. If any corn Is given It should be at nlgbt It will be all the better If warmed and some of It ls charred. A cold grain of corn, sometimes Ice cold, baa to be warmed before it can be digested. At night when exercise is Impossible, no unnecessary burden should be placed on the system. In the morning It Is better to feed poultry with grain scat tered among straw and let them scratch for It Manure Making. Manure making In winter Is one of the best operations on the farm at that season, because labor cannot be be stowed in other directions as well as on the manure heap. It is not difficult to have all the manure well rotted by spring and there Is less loss when It Is in heaps than if allowed to remain spread out over the barnyard. Manure heaps should be handled several times. throwing the coarse materials In the center, where they will be heated and decomposed. -Feeding Cornstalks, Prof. Henry, of the Wisconsin Ex periment Station, baa conducted some experiments to test the profit In cut ting up dry corn stalks. Four good cows were fed for two weeks on stalks that had been run through a cutter, and then for two weeks on whole talks, tbe same amount of corn meal and bran being fed In both cases. It was found that 721 pounds of cut talk made as much milk and butter as 1,133 pounds of whole stalks. This meant a saving of 36 per cent by pass ing the fodder through tbe cutter. The whole stalks were largely wasted, for tbe cattle could not eat them as read Ut as they ate tbe cut stalks. Not only was this great saving made In feed, but the oats or remnants left by the cattle arc far better for bedding. OWNED SLAVES. a aet A boat Orant that Is Not Oca- rally Known. Mrs. Grant Is now living In Washing ton, at the heme of ber daughter, Mrs. Nellie Grant-Sartoria. The borne is a handsome residence of carved white atone, situated oa a fashionable but quiet street and the interior la fur nished with an air of rich though sim ple elegance, says the Cincinnati En quirer. While retiring in her tastes, she loves to talk of her husband anJ recall the sweetness of days that are now only a hallowed memory. I was with the general through nearly the whole of the war," she re marked In a recent Interview, "and I must confess I am fond of the army. I was glad to be with him, and be always arranged his headquarters. If possible to do so. In order that I might share his lot I remember when he was station ed at Nashville he sent for me to come, and a few days aftnr my arrival he was ordered away to another post Lie came Into the headquarters looking very de pressed, and when I told him that some of the ladles had remarked that be al ways ran away when I came he said that he had been planning all in bis power to remain where be was, but that Loagstreet's movements forced him to go to the front "In bis last campaign In Virginia I was with him, and lived for several months In a log cabin on the banks of the James river. We had waited long and anxiously for tbe surrender of the South, and I remember bow gladly he balled the news that Lee was ready to lay down his sword. The general bad a severe headache whea the tidings came, but he saii It vanished Instantly. He was glad whew the war was over for tbe sake f the Boatbern people. He bore no feeiuag of animosity toward his opponents and often has be told me that for the gaed of the South be want ed to ead the- struggle- Tncy are good naonh ' ha nawtimea remarked, 'like onrselvea. They are brave and pstri otic bat hot blooded and impulsive. and led sa by B re-eaters. They bave track out wildly, and for their own aakaa I wish to bring this war to a at ond th sooner tbe better for both idea, for a divided natlen could never live. We mast be a anion.' "And always his expressions fall of feeling that longed to bring the whole nation back Into harmony. At tli tlaae of the convention, wbesi hs waa wrged ns a presidential possibility, I said to him: Tlyss, do yon really want to be president?' He was dresstag at th time, I remember, and he looted at tie and untied. 'Really, I dont believe Lhave any say In the matter,' he laagh igly replied. 'But do yon thfcak of tbe responsibility of giving a satisfactory government to such a vast nation a nation of such diverse feelings ana needsT I asked. "Well, I would feel that If my country calla me I must (iher: he answered gravely. 'I do be lieve that the people of the South know nie to be a genuine friend, and that they have confidence In the kindness and Justice of my course.' " Few, perhaps, know that Gen. Grant was a slaveholder, but the fact la that he had several In the State of Missouri and these were freed, like those In the South, by the emancipation proclama tion. "These slaves," said Mrs. Grant "came to him from my father's family for I lived In the West when I married the general, who was then a lieutenant in the army. I lived in the army then for a while, and afterward we farmed In Illinois. When the war broke out followed him to tbe field. Then fol lowed a period of rest at Washington and the eight pleasant years we spent in the executive mansion. ' "When Gen. Grant was in he spoke of his Inst resting place, and remarked that it was likely that the people would desire to bring him to Arlington or that bis remains should rest at the Soldiers' Home, but that he did not wish to be I placed In cither cemetery, for the rea son thaj be ylshejj i? lleJLn J!0110 where 1 couia rest oy nis sme, uu ji; believed there was a military regtrjc tion aramst anyone except a boiuh soldier being burled In these grounds." An Interesting Snap-shot Snap-shot photographs have not In frequently added valuable facta to the tores of science. They are able to de tect and analyze motions too quick for tbe eye to follow. A recent Instance of the application of photography to seir tie a disputed question In natural his tory la an experiment made on a voyage from British Columbia to San Francisco by Mr. A. Klngsmlll. A large albatross bad been following the steamer and keeping pace with it for several hours, and tbe wonder grew 'among the watcners on snipooara as to how the bird was able to fly so swift ly while apparently keeping It wings extended without napping tnem. As this ls a common manner of flight with tbe albatross, the explanation has been offered that the bird takes advantage of slight winds and air-current, and so ls able to glide upon what might tx called atmosphere slopes. As the albatross sailed alongside of the ship, about fifteen feet away, Mr, Klngsmlll snapped his camera at it, and obtained a photograph which av tonlshed him and his fellow-voyagers. The photograph revealed, what no eye had caught the wings of the alba tross, each some five feet long, raised high above its back In the act of raak Ing a downward stroke. The explana tion naturally suggested Is that more or less frequently, the bird must have made a "stroke of this kind with Its wings, although the eye could not de tect the motion, and that the camera chanced to be snapped Just at the right moment A Rabbit Miner. Tbe famous silver mines of Potosb In South America were discovered by an Indian who was In pursuit of an antelope. He was climbing tbe steep j lope of a hilt, and seized a bush to t;'.P himself up The plant gave way and be started to fall backward, but by a desperate effort saved himself, but falling forward cut his nose against a projecting ladge of stone. Stopping to smancb the flow of blooa. he chanced to look at the stone which had done the daniafe, when, to bis as tonishment he perceived it was almost pure silver. This story may be apocbryphal, but a tale which comes from Mexico Is toler- bly well authenticated. Accord'ng to this narrative one r the ru-ivst mines in that land of mineral wealth i found by a rabbit An Indian was bunting rabbits, and his dog chased one to a bole In a hillside. The Indian hesitated for a moment whether to dig out tbe rabbit he had seen enter or go tn pursuit of another. Determining Anally that one rabbit In a bale was worth more than half a dozen on a porky hillside, be got a spade and went to work. ' Before he had turned over half a dos- en spadefuls of earth be had forgotten all about the rabbit, for be made the thrilling discovery that he was hand ling almost solid silver. The man dropped tbe spade and ran to his em ployer with the Intelligence, the lattor retaraing with him to the spot to ee for himself and verify the discover-. The rabbit escaped; at least It Is sap- posed it did. for It enters no more lato the story, bat its memory ls preserved in the name of tbe mine, which betng translated into English signifies lbs Rabbit's Dan." It would have been well for the In dia If he had escaped when the rabbit did, for, according to tbe story, the peer feiWw waa murdered by the Spaniard, whs desired to keep tbe secret of the mime, and waa afraid that the Indian might reveal It and the Government might step In and, claim either the whole or part of the proceeds. DISCOMFORTS OF 8TAO.E UFE. W rat cited Dresainer-rooms TreUa CDaapealss Mus Pnt Up With. Tbe janitor has an important bearing en the actor's condition, which, finds its expression In bis playing and. possibly oa his nervous organization,, says the Forum. He supplies the house, and. la most cases, furnishes quarters for the actors such as no self respecting hive owner would In the old days have condemned a slave to occupy. Fee the nnblic nothlne ls too onod. Tor the actor, on the other hand, anything is good enough. Instead of silken draper lea, he finds only a ta tec red curtain at the window, If, indeed, be finds a cur tain at all, or even a window which It might cover. Instead of soft, comfort able chairs, one wooden chair, none too clean, or a chair minus a back, will be the only seat and, not Infrequently, if he wishes to sit down, he must do eo on his trunk. Instead of delicately tinted walls, he will find dirty walls which have not been treated even to a coat of whitewash for years. While In the auditorium a soft carpet covers the floor, In the actor's room a carpet rarely exists, or, If by chance there be something which once was a carpet It ls so dirty that It would be better away. The washing appliances of the actor's room, If tbey are to be found at all, usually consist of a small basin with a tap of running water. Most people would expect that as the winter is the theatrical season, and the paints used by actors are made of grease, hot water would be at hand. But this Is rarely the case, and In many instances running water in the dressing-rooms ls un known. It ls not uncommon for actors to refrain from using the basins, pre ferring to remove the "mnke up" as well as possible with vaseline, and to wait until the hotel ls reached to com plete this portion of the toilet. Tin basins and buckets are not the worst that I have seen "on the road," for once the water was In tattered, dirty, old lard "tins, and basins had to be bought, by our innuager. Speedy Core or a Hat Smasher. A well-known man about town, other wise sane, has taken a fiendish delight In smashing the bead w ear . of ' his friends. No tile was sacred, no hat tod fine for bis aim. Until Friday It was this man's proud boast that be bad smashed at least thirty since winter. One particular acquaintance, a big, broad-shouldered, good-natured fellow who had escaped the fiend, was Just Itching to bave his tile crushed. His desire was granted on Friday, for the fiend swooped down upon and drove bis hat Into a shapeless mass. Instant lv however, bis own hat was off and tbe next instant In shreds, and himself rolling around the stret under a maul lng that was not so gentle even a a naving sweeper. The hat smasher pre sented a sorry spectacle when he emerged from the cyclone, but It's safe betting that he won't destroy any more headgear. Philadelphia Record. The Name Sometimes a Misnomer. The captain of a San Francisco tug thus describes a storm on the Pacific, which shows that at times the name Is a misnomer. "When I say that the waves ran mountains high I am not exaggerat ing the situation In the least The tug would be poised on the crest of a sea and then be plunged down Into valley of water which leetned a mile below us. At times the moon would come out through Hie clouds and In th uncertain light the waves reemed twice as high. The wind was blowing a perfect hurlcanc and our lee rail was under water all the time. Xhe angry sea appeared raging above, below, and all around us, and nearly every wave Into which we dipped would wash over tbe tug. It was Impossible to re main aft for the lower deck waa flooded." After all, the real popular man tbe one who can make those who are with him feel tha tallest WHO SHOT STONEWALL? Confirmation of aha Story that Bs Wss KllUd by rata Own BoMiera. The version of th Southerners that the General waa shot by bis ewn sol diers ls fully sustained and verified by Col Joseph W. Revere-ef the Seventh j New Jersey regiment He says In bis book. "Keel and Saddler" Tbe left of my brigade line lay near tbe plank road at Chancellorsvllle, and after nlgbt had fallen I rode forward, acoordtug to my Invariable habit to Inspect my picket line. I 'stopped to rectify the post of a sentinel not far from tbe plonk road. While thus engaged I beard tbe sound of hoofs from tbe direction of tbe enemy's line, and paused to Oaten. Soon a cavalcade appeared approach ing. The foremost horseman detached himself from the main body, which halted not far from me, and riding cautiously nearer seemed to try to pierce the gloom. . . . Having com pleted his observations be rejoined th group In the rear, and all returned at a gallop. The clatter of hoofs soon ceased to be audible, when the horizon wss lighted up by a sudden flash In the direction of the enemy, succeeded by the well-known rattle of a volley of musketry from at least a battalion. A second volley quickly followed tha first, and I beard cries In the same di rection. I rode toward the Confederate lines. A riderless horse dashed past ma towards our line, and I reined up In presence of a group of several persons gathered around a man lying on tha ground, apparently badly wounded. I saw at once that these were Confeder ate officers. I bad on the greatcoat of a private soldier, such as was worn by both parties. I sat still, regarding the group In silence. The silence was broken by one of tbe Confederates, who appeared to regard me with astonishment; then, speaking In a tone of authority, be ordered me to "ride up there and see what troops those were," indicating tbe rebel post tion. 1 Instantly made a gesture of aasent and rode slowly In the direction indi cated until out of sight of the group, then I made a circuit around It and re turned within my own lines. About a fortnight afterwards I saw a Rich mond newspaper In which were de tailed the circumstances of the death of Stonewall Jackson. These left no doubt tn my own mind that the per son I had seen lying on the ground was that officer. The newspaper was the Richmond Enquirer of May 12, 1SCB, and It says: "ien. Jackson, having gone some distance In front of his line Saturday evening, was returning about 8 o'clock, attended by his staff. The cavalcade was, In the darkness, mistaken for a body of tbe enemy's cavalry, and fired on by a regiment of bis own corps. . . he turnpike was utterly deserted with the exception of Capts. Wllboune and Wynan; but In the skirting of thicket on the left some person was observed by the side of the woods, sitting his horse motionless and silent; be was clad In a dark dress, which strongly resembled the Federal uniform, but it seemed Impossible that be could have lenetrated to that spot without being discovered, and what followed seemed to prove that be belonged to the Con federates. Capt Wllboune directed him to ride up there and see what troops those were the men who flred on Jackson nnd the stranger rode slowly in the direction pointed out but never returned with any answer. Who this silent personage was ls left to posterity.",. Cheap and Small. While Edison waa living in Boston, a youthful telegraph operator unknown to fame, he had sundry odd experi ences, many of which were shared with his chum, Mr. Milton Adams. One of them is told by Mr. Edison himself, In tne Btory of his "Life and Inventions." Edison and Adams were passing ulong Tremont Row, when they noticed a crowd in front of two dry goods stores, and stopped to see what was the mat ter. It hnppeued that these were rival rsiabUBb'ujehts, and thai eachliad re ceived a consignment of stockings which it was eager to sell. One would put out a sign stating that this vast commercial emporium had five thousand pairs of stockings to dispose of at the paralyzing price of twelve cents a pair, an announcement which Invariably wound up with, "No connec tion with the Arm next door." In a moment the rival bouse would follow suit underbidding the other by a cent This went on till the price was down to a cent for five pairs of stock trigs. The crowd was all the time In creasing, but contented Itself with Jeer lng and making merry. Milton and I bad been agog for some time, and now he broke out: "Say, Edson, I can't stand this! Give me a cent" Supplied with this handsome "finan cial basis," he entered the shop, which was filled with lady clerks, threw down the cent and demanded five pairs of stockings. The crowd outside waited the result Tho young lady attendant surveyed tbe customer with magnificent disdain picked up the cent, and banded htm five pairs of baby stockings. "Oh," said Adams, I can t use these." "Can't help It young man," was the curt reply. "We don't allow selections at that price." The crowd roared, and Adams and Edison moved on. Consc of the lH-Uy. "I wonder why Maxim's flylng-ma chine Is so long about getting outT queried tbe scientific boarder. "As near as I can figure It out," aatd the Cheerful Idiot "the trouble seems to be a defective flaw." Cincinnati Tribvna. SHIPS THAT ARE LOST AT SA, Bwtft Destruction A wait a Banfcea Veal at e Bottom of Old Ocean. la looking at the oceans, the mind al- twttvoiv turns to tbe fate or the ships which found their resting plare upon their floors. If the reader were appointed to Inspect "V of the drained sea. he would be surei to look st once for some remnants of hla kind, overwhelmed by storm and bat- Fanry has depicted these veeeehi s. thickly strewn over the and at times as nun. iu iu. nnable. on account of tne . . find their way to the water. But all wo know of tbe conditions of the deep leads us to believe that tbe sunken ves sel finds Its way quickly to xu - tlons of tbe sea. In a rew "" - most it reaches Its everiasung grave and is ready for the swift de struction which awaits '? , At the stroke of Its ran n - part sink Into the ooze, wmcn ererj where 1. deep. Quickly the creatures of the sea. who, by long existence In fields where food Is scanty, have Unre ad to avail themselves ef every chance of sustenance, seize upon an ue '--Ic matter which fortune has sent to them Even the masts snd the ether woodwork will shortly ta honeycomb ed by living species and weighed down by encrusting forms. Thus before long tbe masts will fall ana iuo u-- bare In the ruin. . , . If tbe reader could traverse ins nsia whereunte came the shot-riddled ship of Trafalgar, he would probably, says a writer In the Youth's Companion, he surprised at the slight effect they would make on the landscape. Each wreck would most likely appear as a low mound of debris, In which It would bo difficult to trace the semblance of the stoat craft which waged the greatest sea-fight of all time. Bhfps ef European people have been for centuries finding their way to the floors of the ocean. Probably over a hundred thousand vessels have met this fate since the time when our race be gan to find Its way around tbe earth. Yet by far the greater part of these have fallen upon the shallows near the shore, where the swift currents and rapidly moving debris are likely to aid m their destruction and burial. How swiftly they disappear 1 these conditions may be Jurtped by the expe rience of a diver who has sought for sunken treasure. Almost Invariably, after a hundred years or so have pass ed, they find that the craft ls quite lost to sight Far more money has been spent in such explorations than has been won from them. Curiously enough, the most perma nent records of man'semplreof theseaa ate being written in the ashes from the coal-fed fires of the steamships. This waste Is In Its nature indestructible, and the mass of material contributed in any one year to the oceao floors Is to be reckoned by the million tons. Id lime all the great ship routes will ho paved with this debris. which wRf-. built Into the rocks, to remain as tbe most enduring physical monument of man's sway upon this sphere. Ward McAlllnter Gone. Ward McAllister ls dead. Thus pass es from the scene one of the best known and most remarkable figures of Amerl can life. In many respects Ward McAllister never has had an equal. He was edu cated, for tbe profession of law, but uevrr practiced at the bar. For-many jtars be has had no business, no trade, uo vocation, no worn, lie nas jxtscu merely as a gentleman a professional gentleman, and the only one In Amer ica. He bai made a good living and made a great reputation by attending to the details of social matters for the wealthy classes of New York. In society circles his word has been practically abso lute. He has made tin the lists of social functions, has excluded whomsoever he desired to snub and has placed upon the highest social pinnacle those whom he favored. In such matters he was a dictator, from whose decrees there ... 1 s could Jj no appeal W leldlng such Im mense power, ne never coma went for anything which tils social proteges could supply. He wVs' "wined snd dljied; hejiwajsjbad plenty of money, whether Traveling" abroad or living1 it the swellest seaside resorts. His knowl edge of wines and tho details of culsluo were marvelous. He was essentially an expert butler, cook and purveyor to the "4W'-a mystic circle mode and named by himself, McAllister was a peculiar product of New York social conditions. He could have existed nowhere else In this coun try, and It la very doubtful whether lie has left any successor. Sumatra Tobaoco. Only the strongest and most eir- rienced coolies tan properly cultivate an acre and a quarter, and even with tnem the last third of the field Is much Inferior to the rest Besides, tobacco Is attacked by several Insect enemies and particularly by small green cater pillars, and large grasshoppers, in to bacco Intended for "filling," or manu facture, a few holes on the leaf are of less consequence, but "wrappers" to be of any use, must be without flaw, and tha "worms," unless carefully hand-picked, will reduce the profits to a very small margin. Another peculiarity Is that If the to bacco ls flooded, even to the depth of an Inch, It Instantly perishes, ,i a largo part of the expenses of an estate consists of an elaborate system of ' par Its," or drains, to carry off storm water a difficult thing to do In the level cotst districts. At length the leaves of first planted "trees" Isgin to wrinkle and show yellow spots, and now the pern liar labor system comes Into action Each afternoon the coolie cut W.' ripened tobacco, and carries It to the bangsul,- or drying shed, of which here U on. to. very Oood