V IN COVE I 5 NEW ZEALAND. RNMENT OWNERSHIP EN- ieRICHINC THE PEOPLE. eJ lible Talk from a Man Wh i Itallroad Mini Telegraph AH the Taxe for Improve- VMnstip reasts- ,hou ("PFo tlaulay's New Zealander is stop- p?spnd t the Grand hotel in this city. He isjcj a member of the New Zealand parliament from Wanganui, named A. D. W'i'Jllis, who has been making a trip arounMl the world. He told yesterday liow tghe woman's suffrage, the govern menO ownership of railroads and tele graph! lines, government insurance, government banking, co-operation in publul works, the doing away of large . land foldings, Henry George's single 's tax theory, and other things only dreanift of in the rest of the world are lrsO-Si in the practical every-day life of that southern land. All these things, Se says, have been brought about bv their legislature and are far beyo.t the experimental state. Speaking last night at the Grand, Mr. Willis said: "The mass of the people is the first consideration with us altogether, and everything is being done for them, from the government ownership of railroads down to loaning money on land. I have been for some montUs traveling in different countries In Eu rope and the United States, and find that everywhere a great deal of Interest is taken in our government on account of the many new departures we have made and the desire to know how our new experiments, as they regard them, are coming on. But we have got far beyond the experimental stage. I have received the greatest kindness from Americans everywhere, and I am leav ing the country with a very feeling toward the people, but with a decided dislike for their system of government, by which wealth is represented and not the people. "With us, all that our government Is for is the mass of the people. We are-very radical. There is no conser vatism about us at all. I suppose you want to know something about wom an's franchise and how that is work ing. The last parliament was the first to be returned under the new system. The women are coming to the front at a rate that astonishes us. The most astounding thing about all 's that, whife the conservative pd- the greatest interest in givi" ,,e fran chise to women, in tue nope that it would help their dying cause, the women have come out strongly against them, and over two -thirds of the members of the house of representatives were re turned by the liberals. The liberals never had so large a majority before the women were given the franchise. Even the women who were careless about getting the franchise are mak ing full use of It. As you Americans say, it has come to stay. Generally speaking, nearly as many women voted as men. They formed their own committees and worked very hard and very systematically and are making a careful study of all political ques tions." Evidently, according to Mr. Willis, t'sere is no question about the advan tage of government ownership of rail roads. He said: I have been astonished to see how blind the people of America are to their own interests in allowing rail roads and telegraph lines to be taken xip by monopolies. In our country we look upon railroads much as we do on wagon roads, and think it would be just as bad to hand the turnpikes over to monopolies to erect toll gates every few miles and collect tolls as to hand , them over those greater highways railroads. Railways, we believe, should be a means of assisting farmers to take their products to market even, if there is no profit in running them. There are over two thousand miles of railway in New Zealand, nearly all owned by the government. Our sys tem of managing them can not be beaten. There is no corruption and not a single abuse. The telegraph system belongs entire ly to the government. Then we have a government system of insurance which works admirably. Through this we are abolishing all pen sions. All government employes, in cluding those connected with the rail roads and telegraph system, are com pelled to provide for their own Insur ance out of their salaries. Our taxation is based on innl'j George'3 theory of a single tax on land, and we also have an income lax. All legislation is so arranged that ttore is no taxation on improved land. LiuA improved and unimproved pays the same tax. Under our income tax -e . exempt all Income under 300 pounds a year, and on incomes from 300 to 1,000 Vpounds the rate is six pence per pound. On incomes from 1,000 to 2,000 pounds the rate increases from six pence to a shilling, and on Incomes above 2,000 pounds it remains a shilling to the pound. Last year we adopted a system of lending money to farmers on both free hold and leasehold lands at a low rate ;of interest, with a 1 percent sinking fund, which clears off the loan la thirty-three years by compound interest. ! New Zealand has taken the bull by the horns in the question of preventing !large holdings of land. As t this Mr. iWillis said: We have passed legislation by which we can take back lands held In large blocks. That is, a bill has been passed giving the government a right to pur chase all of one man's holdings over from one to three thousand acres, de pending on the quality, to be decided jbj arbitration. It does not follow that mu'li of this will be done yet for awhtla uitil our population Increases. Then we have tiot the troney to spare. Government land is now leased for 999 years in small portions form 100 to 500 acres. Any one who wishes to take such land pays a low rate of in terest on the value of the land, and for the first two years is required to put in a small amount of work until it is in condition to settle on. Then he must live on it. But our people are not satis fied with that. What we want and what we shall probably get soon is a system of leasing in perpetuity with a revaluation from time to time. We are trying something entirely new in the way of co-operative labor in public work. Instead cf ietting such work out to contractors, It. is cut up into small pieces by the government engineer, who values It at fair working wages, 7 shillings a day, or about $1.75 in your money, and contract? are given out to the men at that rate. This sys tem has been so successful that It is being extended to all work such as' painting public buildings, building stations and the like. Probably there will be no contracts let under the old system in the future. In every way, as I have said, we look carefully to the Interest of the mass of the people. Our factory girls are not allowed to work over eight hours a day, children under 14 years of age are not allowed to work in factories aud until they have passed through certain grades In the schools. We compel em ployers In factories to give a weekly half-holiday. No shops are allowed open on Sunday, and every shop must be closed one day in the week at 1 o'clock in the afternoon. The closing of the shops on Sunday was not at all on secular grounds, but simply to give employes a reasonable amount of rest. The governor sent over by the queen has no veto power over our legislation and is really only a figure-head, for he has really very little to do with our government. We have home rule in reality. Mr. Willis looks hopefully to the practical workings of the single tax theory as soon as it is adopted in its en tirety by the government of his coun try. San Francisco Examiner, May 4, Will They I It ARaln? In 1878 there was a strong greenback sentiment in Missouri that threatened to overwhelm the Democratic party. When their state convention met it adopted the following plank in its plat form: "We regard the national banking system as being oppressive and bur densome, and demand the abolition and retirement from circulation of all na tional bank notes and the issue of legal tender notes in lieu thereof, and in quantities from time to time sufficient to supply the wholesome and necessary business demands of the entire country, and that all greenbacks so issued shall be used in the purchase and retirement of bonds of the United States, so that the interest bearing debt of the coun try may be lessened to the extent of the greenbacks thus put in circulation." This plank corralled the boys. They all fell in and whooped for the grand old party. The greenbackcrs warned them that it was only a bait and meant nothing except to catch votes. These warnings were unheeded. They fol lowed the leaders until they are now In the gold-bug camp. And now the Democrats of Missouri are trying that same old trick. They have held a free silver convention. They have declared for free silver. But the trouble is they still remain with a gold-bug party, Yuey are in the minor ity. They wilt have to vote for a gold bug for president in 1896. It is the same old btoty of betrayal. The people must be cleeived in order to save the party and five a few men office. It is a continual scramble for spoil instead of principle. ' The same farce Is being played in other etates. How long will the peoplf suffer themselves to be thus fooled fur the sake of a party that frus'rat.-, their objects? Oelit Slavery. Chattel slavery could have been leg islated out of existence had it not been fcr the Intolerance of the slave power. Not by proclaiming them free without 'einun'Tatlng their owners, but by purchpsing them, and forever prohibit ing slnvery in the future. This would have u much cheaper than tho war. But the filave Power in its arrogance wnuWi ne t permit it. The policy was oompron.ise. It secured the Dred Scott dwU'ion. It hung John Brown. But nil' these did not make it right. The ! j-wj'y leaders refused to settle it by k r.lation and the people rose up and shut it to death. We have in this eoimtry today a system of debt slavery. It. burden are greater than chattel sl-ery imposed upon the blacks. The people have been trying to settle it bj legislation. The creditors, the' ovyners of labor, are arrogant Insolent. Tl ey wint to extend their dominion ov'tr the people as the slave power did ov'V tne blacks. The people are willing o ifyjj their debts, but they insist on th right to pay in the dollar of the contract, The creditors insist on pay ment in k dollar of greater value. They bribti tho people's representatives, the .xerii ive and the courts. The income tax j Is'on Is almost a parallel to tho Dr ! i:i i t -.'ecislon. The court of last rtsort -s declared for plutocratic walth. The people have lost confi dent ji; government and respect for law. ,Tir are approaching the temper of revolt on. Debt slavery must go. If it Is ni ("gislated out of existence that 1. i. the people are not given an opportune to pay ueir debts In the dollar of I 'e contract, they will shoot debt slaveo to death as they destroyed chattel Bay -y. Nothing Is ever set tled until ! U settled right, and debt slavery is ill niore right than was chat tel BlaveryJj iStwf3 Pl AN OLD Letting the Little Fellow Think He's Driving When He Isn't A National Disgrace. from the Chicago Inter Ocean. REV. SAM JONES TALKS GIVES HIS VIEWS OF THE PO LITICAL SITUATION. 6y Old Tarty Linos Are Failing Out, anil the Country In Organizing on the 3rultis anit Common Souse iif the Coin uion People. For the past twenty years the rank and file of citizens have given very little attention to politics. Our rapidly de veloping country, the various commer cial and agricultural interests, have commanded their attention, every man has been busy with his own affairs watching his opportunities in the busi ness world. We have literally turned the governmental machine over to' the politicians,- and for years the profes sional politicians and tricksters have manipulated thlng3 to suit themselves, and all they had to d,? was to write out their platform and write democratic or republican above it, j crack -, party whip, and the people fell in aan s long as the old governmental cu ve milk enough for the family nobo'oV cared how many calves sucked, bik when there was not milk enough to go In the coffee the question was raised. The people have attended to their own personal business and have turned gov ernmental affairs over to pot politi cians and tricksters until they have managed things their own way until the government of the United States is literally in the hands of a set of politi cal stealers and government robbers. The only question the average politi cian of to-day asks is: "What plank and what man will capture the most voles?" The vote hunter has made ap propriations wherever he could capture a vote, and every fellow who got scared at the sight of a soldier or a gun during the war, or who had a bad cold or stumped his toe, has got his pension and gone to town to whittle white pine, while a few of the honest soldiers are supporting nearly a million of Uncle Sam's loafers and white pine whittlers. The question now Is how to get a public pap to suck. When the democratic calves are sucking the republican calves Btand around the lot and bawl. When the national election opens the gates and turns out the democratic calves every little republican calf rushes in, grabs a tit, shakes his tail and goes to sucking. The people looking on the depleted treasury, gazing on their property re duced to one-half its value, putting their grain and stock upon the market at half price, pouring their hard-earned money into the depleted treasury of the United States, in heavy taxes, a- be ginning to look square In the face the question of the absolute bankruptcy of the United States unless something is done. They have waited four years on a wrangling congress, cross lifting with each other and the President, and bringing no relief. They have stuck to old party lines till hope has died within their bosom, and now almost every thoughtful citizen in the United States has got his ears backed and is prepared to kick the filling out of any fellow that cracks a party whip over him. The old party lines are fading out and the country Is organizing on the brains and common sense of the com mon people; organizing on a basis to secure speedy legislation on the ques tions that most need Immediate atten tion. I looked upon this as the most fortunate thing that could happen to our great commonwealth. This Is a re publican government. We need an In telligent citizenship. To have thl3 we must have first a free press, with brains and statesmanship at the head, not bought and bribed and dominated by a party lash, but governed by patriotism, Intelligence and sense of right, instruct ing the people honestly and Impjrtially on the great governmental questions of the day. The common people are be ginning to think more than ever on government questions; they are begin ning to doubt, investigate and examine, and the time Is coming and ought quickly to come, when the masses of ;he people will cease to be driven Into line by party lash wielded by corrupt, elfish and designing politicians., If I should make a cartoon of ta DODGE. government of Ihe United States I would pictures Uncle Sam standing with his hands thrown up saying: "Anything you want, gentlemen," to the liquor king with his gun presented on the right and the money king with his gun presented on the left. Money and whisky have got the politicians, and the politicians have got the gov ernment. My hope has always been In the people. I have never had any hope in a politician except as he feared the people and acted for the people. People are aroused from one end of this country to the other, and well they may be, and the politicians may look to hear thunder before long Party lines are broken; the people are thinking independently and the time has passed when a little pot poli tician can take a drink out of his flask and yell Jeffersonian democracy a few times and call the democrats Into line, hitch them to his little wagon, crack his party whip and ride into office. This country is bigger than any polit ical party."4' Political parties have died atii the country has lived, and Borne more can die find the country will be better off by their death. An Ancient Cb3nnt. v, The Boston Herald 'say tl;t X.V treasury has the same old si-.-'y to tell about the "dishonest silver dollar''! it won't circulate, it keeps coming back Into the treasury. If the silver dollar were one-half as dishonest as those whose business it is to malign it, it would be in the penitentiary, rather than in the treasury. Coin, whether gold or silver, does its work through its paper representations. The people would rather have silver certificates than silver coin Just for the same rea son that they would rather have gold certificates than gold coin. The day has long since passed when either gold or silver in the form of coin will cir culate except as "change," because their paper representations are more easily handled. But why doesn't the Herald make its point all the stronger by telling how people fall over each other to get one dollar gold coins? Perhaps that would be too glaring a falsehood for the Boston Herald to tell. The fact Is, that silver dollars do cir culate freely, while the effort of the government to force gold dollars Into circulation was so complete a failure that congress stopped their coinage- by law. The people simply wouldn't have them, and they wouldn't circulate at all. Whoever sees gold coin of any kind in circulation? Where is all the goU complacently supposed to be "In cir culation" by the circulation artists of the treasury department? What il limitable nerve It requires for a gold bug newspaper to talk about silver coin not circulating among the people, when not one man in a hundred ever gets even a glimpse of a gold coin of any denomination, and no man will have one if he can get a silver certificate, a greenback or a banknote In place of It. What gold 13 In circulation among the people Is in the form of gold certifi cates, and there Is precious little of that. The New York Financial Chron icle in 18SS published an editorial on this subject calling attention to the fact that not one man In twenty viewed either a gold coin or a gold certificate, and said this was as true of the north as it was in the south, though the treasury officials figured it out that there were something like $.100,000,000 "in circulation," just because there was that much whose whereabouts was un-k-wn. The truth seems to be that tcout $200,000,000 of this gold circulates only in the treasury reports and '.n the minds of treasury officials. It Ir not in the country, and what is here doesn't circulate and is not wanted for circu lation In the form of coin. A few days ago the Mobile Register, a monometallist paper, declared with charming naivete that Mr. Bryan had put the people there to great In convenience by charging that the banks were hoarding gold; that the banks thereupon began to pay out gold to their customers who protested vio lently and vigorously against being forced to receive It they dlJn't want gold coin if they could fcet ilver certi ficates or anything else. This only rea son yld coin doesn't "flow back into I the treasury" is that there is so pre cious little to flow. It certainly doesa'l fljw In the channels of trade. DEAK MONEY FOLLY. I DEBT INCREASED $M1.173054 IN ONE YEA. Anil Mllllu.n of Ciss'i lu the Treaau'y Syiti-in of Klnanilorlng That Would DlNicrara Hottentot Ilarlmrlun I' method by Honest Montr Men. The following is taken fram the an nual report of the secretary of the navy Issued July 1: The monthly statement of the public debt, shows the debt on June 30, 1S93, the end of the fiscal year, to have been $1,096,913,120, exclusive of $579,207,803 in certificates ami treasury notes in cir culation, offset by an equal amount of cash In the treasury. Nor does it in clude $31,157,730 in bonds of the last is sue which have not yet been delivered to London purchasers. The correspond ing debt on June 30, 1894, was $1,016, 879,816, showing an increase for the year, including bonds not yet delivered In London of $111,173,054. The cash In the treasury, however, has increased, during the year from $117,584,436 to $195,230,153, a gain of $77,655,717. The true public debt, Including bonds not yet delivered, less cash in the treasury, Is therefore $922,830,717, uu Increase for the year of $33,517,337. In plainer language the secretary of the treasury In order to find an excuse for the issue of additional bonds, has added $77,655,717 to the money lying Idle In the treasury a year ago, and added $11,655,054 to the bonded debt, and the interest-bearing burden of the people. Or, to put It in another way, while money was scarce and all business suf fering, labor idle and farmers pinched for money, the heartless scoundrels lu control of the government deliberately manipulated things so as to buy up and withdraw from circulation $77, 055,717 of cash. To make it still plain er: While the body politic is suffering from lack of blood money these wretches deliberately tapped the body and bled it to the tune of seventy-seven millions, thus making money still scarcer and pinching the people more and more. That this was a damnable conspiracy is proved by the report which further on gives the following item of cash in the treasury July 1, 1895: Gold $153,S93,931 Silver 512,338,750 Paper.....' 123,923,883 Distributing officers' bal ances 16,903,120 Total $811,061,684 In the face of these figures the people are led to believe that there is only $195,240,153 "available" cash In the i ' - - VasuryThe treasury officials get t ffigu,-oj:Xgjlting $615,821,533 "i this de- mand liabnititAihey call them and designate ihe baiau ii "available." The total debt, Ik) thee "de mand UabilitiM ' aU alJver cer" tiflcates) Is $llfi'Ki,l,is9. ' Was there ever k '.'n-J 'r5',a lli the world, who having a m-r aa' 1,mt of assets and owing $1,600 kep11 m the drawer to pay his creditors;, don't want their money? i That Is precisely what the adminis tration Is doing. And by that system it makes money dear and labor cheap. Milwaukee Advance. Stave at Am Hon. On June 21. 205 convicts In the In diana state prison were auctioned off to the highest bidder, with the privilege of buying them again at the end of that time. These men were sold as slaves to contractors! This is plain, unvarnished truth. In olden times, when the rulers needed more slaves, men were arrested for alleged violation of some law anil made to do service. In Indiana and nearly every state this is true to-day. If the reports in the daily pres3 are true these men. on an average, are better than the average officers. The reports of forgery, theft and brutality by those In charge of prisoners and other public business is notorious. There 13 no moral reason why convicts should be made slaves of. It if brutal. It will make them worse. Why should the state house and feed and guard slaves to allow some grasping contractors to make a profit? If the prison officers are not competent to employ the prisoners in a self-supporting manner they should be displaced and others who a:e com petent employed. A man's actions are his mind; his mind is the reflex of sur roundings. Make his surroundings just, kind and fraternal. Nearly every criminal could be reclaimed if their minds were cultivated in prison, but to do this the minds of the prison officials must be right. When a man is sent to prison for violating a lav that Is not in accord with morals, that man Is not a criminal but the men who make and execute such a law are the real crim inals. Most men in prison are noi to blame. Coming Nation. Why Ih It? Why Is the plute press so quiet abc t the bankers' national convention b ii at Sarataga. N. Y., the other day? IJ tve they caught on that bankers' opir oin are mightily unpopular now?- Xw Charter (San Jose, Cal.) Haven't you heard the news brota- er? The bankers have deci le ao' t allow any more of their pr oeed'.i. ?J lo become pulllc. The r 'Oplo catching on to the conspir? y. ure There Is no getting arc . id j . The main question is cow, it .in al ways been, whether c t or swney shall rule. Bankiirs and usure." arV til only "a that ever quest!1..! Vts credit of i government in tiC o' p;ce. If men won't vote for friaaa they deserve what they get. ' way and-scente shots The One Hons Kiiitor Itlp Tin Vp th link. A government at make3 three cent worth of copper into a dollar worth 100 cents, but it can't make 50 cents worth, of silver Into a dollar worth 100 cents! I Rats'. We do not kill and eat people now-a-days. Greed and gluttony have found out a better way. A body would not net over a hundred pounds and woulJ not go very far. But by making thai body's mind believe certain lies about "sound-money," "protection," "private, property," etc., the captors can make that body produce thousands of pounds of fine meat, vegetables, and pleasures galore. It's cannibalism all the same, only the present system of wage-slavery Is far more profitable. There Is na moral difference. One eat3 his neigh bor who lives by making a profit oft him. The textile workers of Rhode Island, after starving more or less for three months' "striking," have returned to work at the master's wages. The mas ters didn't starve. They had feasts like unto Belshazzar, they balled and dined, while the workers, too foolish to listen to socialists, were outside and starving. They vote their masters' ticketi and are afraid to listen to socialism and learn how It will make them masters. Let em starve. Darn a starving voter who insists on voting for a system that starves him. Vor for boodlers some more, eh? If public ownership of railroads were submitted to a vote I think it would carry three to one, even with as cor rupt a government as reigns at Wash ington. Tho tactics being played by the kings Is to keep It from being dis cussed, let alone voted on! The rail roads are the armies of conquest by which a Gould, Vanderbilt, Hill or Huntington gather in the riches of the people. They are as much opposed to government ownership as would be a conquering general to the taking away of his army. But the people being robbed should take away from the gen wu m in j uacu iv Ulricas tucui, rnnfemird III Ignorance. Prof. Jordan of Stanford University (California), has been very busy of late denouncing socialism. He Is a professed disciple or Darwin, but is evidently go ing back on the teachings of his mas ter, whose evolution represents human ity losing its tail in search of a soul, while Jordan's economic evolution leads to the loss of a soul in search of a tail that can never be restored. According to the San Francisco papers, President Jordan was lately announced for a lecture In the Oak land Unitarian church on "Socialism, Altruism and Individualism," but oa learning just before the lecture Miat Laurence Gronlund had made hta way past the door-keeper, and nad onie.ireiared to review the speaker's address. In the presence of the saif-e assembly, he prudently refrained from, delivering the literary goods for u.t ..ciuire auuience naa paia la I advance, aflMoiiated an hour to per- uw" ' ""gronlund and other social C rmC?' T-Z. tO'ing t social , fur.othinr.v get somtHl aske4 h?.: When the T. , , , he failed to anwL-.TPifriiuM -, ture, as announced, & cnsweredV ,.t not being a scientific studerf o fft. -it-Ism he 4id not care to dbtfv v tha subject with Gronlund. Y-t,t$u. tva assuming to instruct the pEM.fe"'on the very theme of which he it infested himself so Ignorant trat he did Mot dare to discuss it with a tfc akerland author whose works :n th; . line -a universally regarded ..a authority. ;- -"'-" ' That Ten I'er Ont f &I.H All over the country tre statement Is published that wrge3 at i'ullman have been Increased tu per cent and the company has received mlogistic notice from the daily press generally on this uncitlflKh nit i: a -nrnrtrn t Ir.n that nnl a year ago was the most extensively abused ror pcmunuiimis meanness os any corporate u in die United States. Tho real fa ts Appear to be that the Pullman company,-' are deceiving the people and that the pretended raise In wages has not occurred. The Ciiicago Chronicle under the caption "The Pullman Fraud" says: "Inquiry among the men wh? earn the wages demonstrates that-t'tffe'h'aV been no "rilse." At least, the reople who draw pay have not found their checks bigger or their pay envelopes heavier. One man a skilled work man, not a laborer tells -Chronicle reporter that a week's work of 10 hours a day brings him only $13.80, Another says that in t'ia cabinet-makt ing department $2.35 a day is the liml set. Pay Is theoretically by the piece, so ps to prevent loafing which is just lut If a man i3 particularly active, in luscious and efficient, he is still prevented from earning more than 22 nts rn hoar which Is mor than un jsf. It is fraudulent. It 4 singular tht even for three or 'mr , flays he Pullman concern could himbttg the press of Chicago. No- ly who has had opportunity to study ; ; methods of that cornoration could attach importance to the r.ssertion that j it had voluntarily increased the wage of Its employes. Philanthropy is na part of the Pullman code of business, nor even is justice. Wages once low ered never increase. The hand of Pull man Is against every man that Is, against society, and It i3 not extrava gant to say that society Is coining to raise its hand against Pullman." The way to win is to work to win. Now is a good Ume to begin. Democracy seems to be afflicted with a bad case of lost Identity.