4
THE AMERICAN..
THE AMERICAN
Kn1irJ at lt..ftii- a MHiWil-rlu uiallor
JOHN C. THOMPSON. loiroa
W. 0 kt l.U V. Huolnru Mutator.
ITKL1MIH tv:kly HY THK
AMERICAN PUBLISHING COMPAKT,
Ot'fiCEl 1615 Huwanl Street,
Omaha, Nebraska.
ubwrlylWo. IVr Year 2 00
Ml
Moniha I ii
Tlir
Month 5u
TARIASI.T III AITH -mlTIK BAl.f
AT
CUB KATKS
Oouto one jrar. p-r copy It m
10 " " " " I
10 - " - M
W u ' " I
Th ahti rat to rlutx p-mxl only
ha full numix-r, ana cub lr ate,
eotuuanv nrl-F.
oritur. payable to Amkmiiasi t'tm.utuiKU
IHMPAKT
THK AMMillAN UWIl'KH.
lniS IlowaM Hrwt, Omaha. Ni'li.
liiMHii k. ? Mulu Ml ml. Kalian Clt. M
Kin II. Kaal Uanilolull Miwl. I III
caKU, 111.
VTrI AhKRU'AII I TM CHAMPION Of ALL
fAKTUITH) 1HI'KH 1 HI UHUAM Of WO
NOVEMBER 2.1, ISU4.
Chicago appears to envy New York
reputation fur lawlessness and election
frauds as much as she doo lior Hsltlon
as the first city of the land.
WllAT better evidence do you want,
that the people endorse thin paper, than
the election of our associate editor to
be one of the lawmaker of Missouri?
AN interesting personal letter from
a frieno In San Francisco say the A
P. A. needed an organizer in the last
election, but that they will And one be
fore the next content at the polls takes
place.
TllE Columbian Manner heads an
article denouncing the A. P. A. as
follows: "The A. P. A. Conceived in
hell, its mission is anarchy, Infamy and
crime. Its objects are revolutionary,
treasonable and damnable, its watch
word is treason, its wcaons are the
torch and dagger of incendiary and
assassin."
WONDKR what John Williams, of
Omaha; Maro. Darling, of Sioux City;
vv. Gladden, of Columbus, O.; and
Mitchell of Kansas City, the liberal
Protestant ministers, think about the
A. P. A. corpse? Wonder if it is not
about as lively and as aggressive as
some things that are not dead?
Elsewhere in this issue will be
found a very interesting letter from
Supreme FiWiuout Traynor, It is a
review of the conditions prevailing in
the cyclone belt, since the late heavy
breeze passed over it. The lotier will
repay a perusal. Read it, thtn hand it
to a friend. Don't forget that pant.
THE STATE COUNCIL.
i The next duty the members of the A.
P. A. are called upon to perform is to
send delegates to the state council. The
men who attend that meeting should
be the ablest In the order. They should
be earnest, conscientious men, for the
future of the order in Nebraska will
largely depend upon their actions. If
they adopt the right measures and se
lect the right men as officers there are
the best reasons for believing that
hereafter the A. P. A. will virtually
control the state, and force the several
parties to "place none but Americans
on guard" when they make their nom
inations. But the thing to be guarded against
Is the selection of men as officers who
are partisans instead of patriots We
have many able men in our ranks who
belong, nominally, to some one of the
-old parties, but who are loyal to the A.
P. A. before they are loyal to their
party. And those are the men who
should be chosen as officers. They
would have no axes to grind, and would
not be afraid to have people know they
were standing up for American institu
tions and were opposed to foreign ec
clesiastical interference iu the affairs
of state. The men who lead the great
est patriotic order In the world should
be broad-minded, liberal, influential
men. They should be men who have
made a success in life, and who can de
vote a little time to forwarding Its in
terests. They should be men who un
derstand politics, who know the leaders
in the old parties and who have the
confidence of the best element of society
in the community wherein they reside.
They should be men of education, of ex
perience and of broad-guaged views,
and if such men have the reins during
the next twelve months the order will
be so strong in the state that no com
bination of its enemies can prevent its
accomplishing its purpose Therefore
it behooves every council in this state
to send its wisest, most cool-headed and
most conservative members to the state
council which meets in Grand Island,
Dec. 4, 1894. Let this be the greatest
and grandest assemblage of patriots
that has ever been held in the state.
Get your members together, select your
delegates if they have not already been
selected and go to the state council de
termined to put the best men in of
fice and the best measures in operation
for the benefit of the order and the
country at large. Act at osoo. There
is no time for delay. Don't depend on
your neighbor. Do the work yourself.
Get the boys together.
NUNS AS TEACHERS.
The supreme court of Pennsylvania
ha decided that nun may act a W-ach
em in the public schools, dressed in the
garb of their order, providing they
meet the requirements of the law in
other rt'epccU. It is doubtful If a de-
cUlon of this charaeU-r will stand the
tent of logic. It will certainly not meet
the approval of a vast majority of the
people of this country. The habit of
the nun is a notice to the public that
her life is dedicated to the Roman
Catholic cbun h, an institution that is
at war with the public school system of
America It is an axiom in the church
of liorae that if the child is allowed to
be under the influence and training of
that Institution until it is 8 years old,
it makes no difference where it is edu
cated afterward. Next to the leons
learned under the parental roof, nene
are so lasting or far-reaching as those
imparted by the school teacher. The
lm presumable mind of the child clings
to the memorlc of the school room as
the ivy clings to the oak. What, then,
must bo said of the effect on the tender
mind that is being shaed for the
duties of citizenship and of life, of being
thrown in contact and under the lnflu
ence of a tutor who wears the badge of
a religious order, and who, if she does
the duty which her vows require, will
spread the influence of the dogmas
taught by her church. The decision
of the court implies that she will not
do it. Hut where is the dividing line?
The nun's habit stands for a so-called
religion, and It would bo no more dlftl
cult to follow the fading shadows of
twilight and designate them from the
night as to separate the solemn garb of
the nun from the dogmas of her church
This decision cannot long remain the
law of Pennsylvania, because it is con
trary to the foundation principles of
our republic. The Roman Catholics
have sought by various devices to get
an entering wedge into our school sys
tem, whereby they can either destroy
it or subvert it to the uses of their
church. Public sentiment has revolted.
The election of November 6, 1800, spoke
in thundering tones against church in
terference with the affairs of state. If
our publlo school teachers are to be
uniformed, all should be treated alike,
just as the policemen and mall carriers
of the cities are treated. The Ameri
can suggests that there be a distinctive
garb, and that the red, white and blue
be liberally displayed. The people of
this country will certainly not favor the
emblem of a corporation which claims
to be superior to our constitution. The
judge who rendered the decision could
have found ample grounds for an op
posite opinion. But he chose the other
course, and the question is now thrown
into the court of publlo opinion. If a
constitutional amendment Is necessary
to reverse the decision, the votes are
ready to adopt it.
TWO STATEMENTS.
We find no small amount of pleasure
fi being able to give to our readers the
following editorial from the St. Louis
Church Progress, a Roman Catholic
weekly:
"The Continental League is dismayed
at the manner in which we treated the
report of their secret committee In our
last issue. If the gentlemen composing
the organization will consider, they
will see the impossibility of our acting
otherwise. When the league was first
organized, its purpose was, by working
In secret, to discover the members and
movements of the American Protective
Association. For a time all went well.
Leaguers were obtaining admission to
nearly every A. P. A. lodge meeting.
Being unsuspected, their work of dis-
oovery was successfully prosecuted for
a time. Then to put the matter in the
mildest form possible, we will say that
a sudden desire to let the world at
large know of their success, prema
turely seized upon ssveral gentlemen,
who through a faultily constructed con
stitution, were absolutely independent
of the organization in whose Interests
they were supposed to be working.
This waj over two months ago. At
that time one of the supreme ofticers of
the league offered to furnish this paper
weekly with lists of the A. P. A. al
ready In possession of the society. The
offer was refused. Not that this paper
was averse to fighting the A. P. A.
our editorial course for two years past
will answer that but because, as was
explained to the officer, publicly at the
time meant the nullification of the
league's efforts at complete exposure.
The first intimation that they were be
ing betrayed would put the A. P. A.
on their guard. Church Progress offered
when the work was satisfactorily ac
complished to share with the other
Catholic papers, English and German
alike, the publication of the lists either
through its columns or in pamphlet
form, and devote the accruing profits
to the cause. The proposition did not
meet with the approval of the gentle
men who have since been guilty of the
sin of "too previous publicity." So
they were obliged to seek comfort and
encouragement in quarters where inter
ests other than purely Catholic, are
vigilently observed. The outcome of
this "toj previous publicity" has vindi
cated our position. With over 10,000
active, energetio Apalsts in St. Louis,
not 2,000 have been brought forth to be
publicly pilloriea. There Is no reason
able excuse why with ordinary caution
and perseverance the whole iniquitous
brood should not have be-n brought to
light There may be a sort of satisfac
tion, exclusively financial, in some
quarters over the recent utraggllng at
tempts at publication. Some good was
done; also a great deal of harm. In'
noct-nt ieopIe were irremediably
wronged, but the wrong done Is not
commensurate with the good left uo
done rendered imOMIble of aecom
pllohment, by the desire imbecile or
avaricious, or both to rush into print
Now that the league, entirely through
its own shortsightedness, finds iUelf on
the eve of an election without ammuni
tion to keep up the fight through its
o'gan, it cries to us for mercy because
we have turned the shafts of ridicule
into the bowel of its incompetency.
' We had no desire to injure, but to
awaken them to a realization of the
causes that led to their ill-success. And
our word have had t-ffect. The league
has cried "pecrun'mus" and craved ab
solution. They can rest assumed that
the past wilt be overlooked if they ad
here to their present firm purpose of
amendment. We have no anger, no
jealousy. If we have refused to take
part In an incompetent and inglorious
campaign, it was not to stand by and
deride the unvlctorious. Under projier
auspices the league will have our sup
port. Before Its Inception our cry was
for "parish organization" and the "still
hunt," a position that was attacked at
the time. We are on the same platform
still. If the league was unwise in the
selection of those who were to carry on
the propaganda, it was their misfortune,
not ours. We understand a change has
come over the organization. The
cool-headed and the intelligent have
recognized the mistake of trusting to
individuals with axes to grind. We
understand that anything savoring of
Irresponsibility will be eliminated from
their methods; 'that men of tact and
business capacity, oi whom there are
many in the order, will be put in
charge. We wish them for the future
abundance of vigilance, abundance of
prudence, abundance of success. But
above all, an abounding realization of
the fact that, when properly conducted,
their organization will find In Church
Progress an enthusiastic and unselfish
advocate."
It pleases us to publish this editorial
because it affords us an opportunity to
give our readers some Roman Catholic
authority to sustain the charge made
elsewhere that the church furnishes
thugs and thieves to assault and rob
members of the A. P, A. It pleases us
because it affords us an opportunity to
reproduce an editorial from a patriotic
paper published In the same cityon the
same subject. The True American is
the name of the patriotic paper, and It
says:
"That infernal conspiracy entered
into by St. Louis Catholics, with the
full knowledge of the hierarchy, and
endorsed by the organs of the Romish
church, to steal the books of the A. P.
A. councils, and enter lodges by hypo
crlsy, lying and perjury, has wrought
its own exposure. It has not Injured,
but strengthened the A. P. A., and
made it thousands of friends among
those who wore simply indifferent be
fore. This conspiracy has for the
vehicle of its operations a secret, oath
bound society called the Continental
League. Its purpose was to secure
Initiation of its mettbers into the A. P.
A. councils; to eecure lists of members
by any means necessary, either bribery,
burglary or 1 ighway robbery. A priest
of this city, who Is also editor of a
Romish paper, claims that the first
named method has been employed in
one or more instances. The records of
crime in the daily press tell the story
of the employment of the last two men
tioned methods.
"This banditti of secret conspirators,
perjurors and thieves did not succeed
as it hoped. Dissensions and quarrels
arose in Its ranks over the division of
the spoils and other details.
"Wi are not yet informed as to
whether Monslgnor Satolli was called
upon to settle these disputes among
these Romish criminals. At all o vents
the avarice of the editor of the Western
Watchman endeavored to appropriate
the lion's share of pecuniary profits by
speedy publication of pretended A. P.
A. lists.
"The Church Progress, the authorized
organ of the Romish church in the
Mississippi Valley, contended against
the greed of Priost Phelan, the Watch
man editor. These two papers cordially
hate each other. The Progress insists
that the secret perjurers and thieves of
the league should find their way into
every council and obtain every list of
members, keeping the whole thing as
quiet as possible, and launch a startling
publication upon the public just on the
eve of the election, and divide whatever
proceeds might accrue.
"These conflicting methods could not
ba reconciled, and in the fracus the
whole conspiracy leaked out
"These papers pretend to be religious
papers. Their editors and proprietors
pretend to be engaged in religious
work. These Romish people pretend
to be a religious people, and as such
they claim rights under our written
and unwritten laws of religious liberty.
This conspiracy was organized for the
purpose of carrying an election in the
interest of a party which the governor
of Missouri pledged in state convention
to sympathy witft political Romanism,
and in bitter condemnation oi Ameri
canism. "The governor made himself the
leader of that unholy and criminal
crusade against the A. P. A. What
right have Romanist of St Loul to
claim the lesjiect due to a deserving
religious body? Neither the Interests
of religion, morality, honesty nor de
ceney are served by secret oath bound
organizations of perjurers and thieves,
The church of the Molly McGuires, the
Fenian conspiracies and Clan-na-Cacl
crimes, is alone equal to the organized
infamy of St Louis Romanism for the
purpose of carrying an election. But
that they so signally failed is due to
the K)wer of the A. P. A. and the good
sense of the majority of our people."
ROME'S TACTICS.
During the recent election Rome re-
sorted to every mean trick and every
Ijw subterfuge to defeat the men who
were supjiorted by the members of,the
A. P. A. In Nebraska her leading men
pretended to be heartily supporting
Tom Majors for governor, but ;the vote
In every Roman Catholic stronghold
fndicates that not ten pur cent, of them
kept faith with the Republican state
central committee. In Coloradoshe
threatened, coerced and bulldozed
those members who wore independent
of her influence, and in one instance
she caught a tartar, as you will see by
reading the following letter 'which ap
peared in the Denver Times-Sun, just
before the day of election:
"On Oct. 28 about 200 Jeoples of the
Colorado Catliolic was distributed
among the Catholics of St. Patrick's
parish with an article In it headed,
"Treachery in St. Patrick's," and
charging me with entering into a com
pact to vote and work for the A. P. A.
"I never entered Into any compact to
vote or work for the A. P. A. ticket,
neither was I appoin ted a deputy sheriff
to sell or betray my own people. I left
the People's party for my own reasons,
which are many, and went to work for
the Republican party for the reason
that I believe it to be a necessity to re
deem our fair state from such govern
ment as it now has.
"As to the A. P. A., I have seen
things dono during this campaign by
Catholics which have led me to believe
that there is good cause for the exist
ence of an A. P. A. soclt ty.
"If 1 had done us the Catholic paper
and the cliurch had ordered vie to do, I
would have been all right with them;
but because I saw fit to use my own
judgment In regard to my political
vlews,I have to be censured and branded
with treachery.
''But 1 will allcno no church or religion
to come before my country my country
first, last and always.
"It will help the people of St. Pat
rick's parish to know that there will be
more than one vote for the Republican
ticket among the Catholics of that
parish. There are many others who
will vote as I do, but do not care to
have it known and thereby bring upon
themselves reproach.
"On Oct. 20 the Colorado Catholic
said that the finger of scorn should be
pointed at those Catholics who do not
vote the Populist ticket. If that is not
driving people to obey its wishes, I
should like to know what it means.
"I am not the only one the Catholic
attacks. It attacks Father Bender, of
Colorado Springs. I am acquainted
with Father Bender, and he is a priest
highly thought of by both Catholics
and Protestants. The attackupon him
shows the unfairness of the Catholic.
"I shall always vote to suit my own
reason, and no one shall drive me, no
matter how many fingers are pointed
at me or how many insults I get on the
streets from those who are instructed
by the Colorado Catlwlic.
Mrs. Jane Pettepier.
SWEDES AND IRISH.
The Swedes are always thoroughly
American. As a race they are honest,
peaceable and thrifty. They seldom
appear before the bar of justice as
criminals. Are always charitable;
friends even in adversity, and are ever
loyal to the flag and the country which
affords them protection and a home,
making thereby exemplary citizens
And how they grow in favor when
placed beside the boasting.disreputable,
drunken, shiftless, unstable, ignorant,
treacherous Roman Irish; the nation
ality that fills our jails, prisons and
reformatories with criminals; our
streets and almshouses with paupers
and beggars, and our asylums with de
mented and half-witted patients.
But our purpose was not to make a
comparison when we began writing
this article but to call the attention of
our friends to the fact that another one
of their countrymen had been murdered
in cold blood in Chicago, and as before
by one of the above described disrepu
table, law-defying Roman Irish.
It has been less than a year since a
Swede was murdered by a drunken Ro
man Irish policeman because he would
not spend his hard earned money to
treat the pope's faithful. And that
murder has not been avenged. And
what is more it never will be as long as
the Roman Catholics control Chicago
and Cook county.
And it is doubtful if the murderers of
Gust. Colliander will be prosecuted
with any more vigor than were the
murderers of our Swedish friend whom
the same despicable brood murdered
last Christmas eve.
If that proves so, tho only thing tar
the Swedes to do, not only in this city,
but throughout the whole country, is
to unite as one man and vote Roman-
lots outof office, and after you get them
out keep them out for they are danger
ous aa well as untrustworthy. Chicago
American.
The Chicago Inter Ocean has proven
to our satisfaction that the Clan-na-Gacloath
as published in our columns
tor the part four months and credited
to it is not the Clan-na-Gaeloath which
the Inter Ocean published at the time
the credit would indicate it had been
printed in that papsr. We were in
Chicago at the time our associate found
the oath making the round of the
press, and do not know from what paper
he clipped it, but he says to the best of
his recollection, he found it in Liberty,
and Liberty probably took it from some
Other paper, and no one will be able to
ascertain who padded the oath to suit
a purpose. The padding, however, was
unnecessary and foolish. Unnecessary
because without the inserted words the
full purpose and intention of the order
is disclosed, and foolish because it
served no good purpose and placed the
patriotic papers which used it in a
false and embarrassing position. The
oath will appear after this week exactly
as the Inter Ocean says it is. We en
deavored to have It that way this week,
but three words crept In which do not
appear in the Ocean oath, and when
they are eliminated, we shall credit it
to the Inter Ocean of November 17, 1894,
as we believe that paper's known ver
acity will cause all people to give the
oath credence. And credence in that
oath will induce many to help us in our
fight against foreign ecclesiasticlsm in
politics.
We have just received a letter from
Rev. J. G. White, the grand old pa
triot who has done so much to enlighten
this world to a full knowledge of the in
tentions and the workings of the priests
of Rome. In it he says he is confined
to his bed. He says he was stricken in
1893 by a severe attack of typhoid
pneumonia, and owing to premature
attempts to answer calls to lecture, he
has relapsed five times, and now his
physicians say he must stop work or
die. From the tone of his letter we
believe our brother and our friend needs
the assistance of every member of the
order. He does not ask for a donation,
but he says "my purpose is now to close
out a number of my books at a dis
count," no man reduces his prices un
less he needs money. He offers Deeds
of Darkness for $1.00; Homo (secrets of
the confessional) 40c; Dynamite Con
spiracy Exposed (in clubs of 12) 12c, and
Open Letters to T. V. Powderly (in
clubs of 12) 8c. We hope each and
every patriot will buy one or more of
his books. His address is Rev. J. G.
White, Stanford, 111. Do not ignore
his appeal. It may be his last.
The people of this city were under
the impression that they had made a
wise selection when they chose A. P.
Tukey to represent them upon the
school board. But later developments
Indicate they could have made a better
choice. About one year and a half ago
the boiler was taken out Qf the Park
school and Wilson & Drake offered the
board $75 for it. Their communica
tion was pigeon-holed and nothing was
done about the matter. Last Monday
night the board received a report from
Mr. Tukey saying that he had disposed
of the boiler for $25, one-third what
had been offered. The board refused
to confirm the sale. Mr Tukey, if re
ports are true, has transacted other
business for the board in a like manner.
When the new board is organized Mr.
Tukey should not be chairman of either
the committee on Teachers, High
School, Supplies, Buildings and Prop
erty, Heating and Ventilation, Text
Books, Claims or Salaries. Those chair
manships should go to men who do not
truckle to Rome.
From the meager reports In the daily
papers regarding the terrible massacre
of Armenian christians by the Turks
last week, no reliable opinion of the
horrible affair can be formed, yet it Is
more than probable that the account,
which stated that thousands had been
slain, was thoroughly reliable, as the
Turks are a notoriously bloodthirsty
race. Civilized nations should unite
and abolish Turkey and allow it to live
only in history.
We begin in this issue, a series of
articles on the great Protestant Re
formation, by a diligent student of the
papacy. Dr. Hershy, has been a speci
alist in this field for years; and in the
libraries of this country and Europe,
he has gathered an immense fund of
testimony bearing upon Romanism. He
is a constant lecturer on canon law.
We call attention to the introduct ny
article.
In answer to a correspondent from
Columbus, Neb., we will state the name
of the secretary of the Y. M. C A. of
that city who objected to The Ameri
can being sent to the association was
A. D. Weir. Weir not going to 6ay
anything about the matter, as e expect
our friends in the association will be
able to take charge of his case.
' 4 n m nt llmftha ii-A a m at
. . ... ... su.aWM wtiv est . . n
Chicago."
The new vestibuled train running on
the "Northwestern" east dally
Blank advertisement notices to Re
deem xax aaies can oe nao at The
American otlice, 1615 Howard street.
THE HOMiX ripicv.
BY SCOTT F. HERSHY PH. D.
The world still has to deal with the
papacy. It ia not a dead quantity. It
is not even on the decline. It gives
every evidence of a great revival of its
political power. Civilization is con
fronted by perils, and a&ailedj by con-'
spiracles, which should have passed
away two centuries ago. On careful
inquiry it is found that the papacy is
the instigator of the one, and the de
signer of the other. The pope exercises
a despotic influence in America, in the
19th century, as he did in Europe in
the lUth. Papal institutions, and Prot
estant civilization are incompatible and
irreconcilable; and they confront each
other as deadly foes. History is just
now engaged in repeating itself.
The best possible way to understand
the papacy of our day, is to study the
papacy of other days. Our people shall
be prepared to deal with Romanism in
our country to the extent that they are
brought to understand the ways of Ro
manism in the countries of Europe. To
this end these articles are written. The
Roman papacyhas always impeded th
progress of the nations, and did its ut
most to prevent the rise of civil and re
ligious liberty; and was always ready
to overthrow freedom. The papacy has
always interfered in the administration
of the governments of the world. It
will continue to do so. Many are the
lessons showing this, which are drawn
from the great Protestant Reformation.
.We shall do no more in this first arti
cle than indicate some reflections upon
he change of ancient pagan Romanism
into papal Romanism. Pagan Roman
ism was the most centralized despotism
with which the ancient world was fa
miliar; papal Romanism is the greatest,
and only universal, despotism the mod
ern world has known. Papal Romanism
is only a change, and not a very greatly
improved pagan Romanism. The an
cient world bad to destroy pagan Ro
maoism; the modern world must over
throw the despotism of papal Roman
Ism. Pagan Romanism threw the world
into moral desolation; papal Romanism
is doing the same.
The papacy, in Its earliest childhood,
received from paganism, those very
elements of pagan corruption, and sav
age cruelties, which later developed
Into the evil papal courts, and provided
the dungeons of the inquislt on. Papal
Rome became worse than pagan Rome
Pagan persecutions, at their worst,
were not more diabolical than the pa
pal persecutions of later centuries. The
papacy took the name, without the
heart, of Christianity. That means that
papal Rome, Is pagan Rome, plus the
most stupendous hypocrisy and shame
ful greed.
The elements of the papacy, stripped
of theli" distinctive affiliations, with
primitive Christianity, come altogether
from pagan sources. In the 4th century
the papal religion (tnough the name
pope, was not In vague) was largely a
transfered, but not a transformed, pa
gan religion. The gross practices of
paganism were already taken into the
church. The heathen had believed in
many God's, the church of Rome
thought to win the heathens by coming
near their belief, and in this way there
rapidly came in, images, pictures,
relics, processions, pilgrimages, bodily
injuries and penances, all in order to
conform to heathen fashion.
Ambition became intrenched in the
papal-pagan church. The bishops of
Rome wanted power. By Roman Cath
olic authority it is quite evident, that
the local heads of the church at Rome
had no thought of supremacy over the
other bishops, up to this time. Con
stantine had much to do in preparing
the way for papal assumption. After
hia signal victory near Rome, at the
Milvian Bridge, he assumed the emper
orship of the west and espoused the
cause of the church. A flood of heath
en customs rolled in on the church.
The worship ot Christ was united to
the worship of Apollo, the name of the
one, and the figure of the other being
placed on the Roman coins. In the be
ginning of the 7th century, the Em
peror Phocos conferred on Boniface III,
who was bishop of Rome, the title of
universal bishop, and from this event
dates the real beginning of the papacy.
Then Gregory I, whose distinguishing
traits were enthusiasm, ambition, and
ignorance, began the claim of divine
authority, defined a succession from '
Peter, and opened negotiations with
the neighboring princes, looking to his
temporal sovereignty. By thelOth cen
tury the popes held large sections of
Europe, and subjected to military vas
sals. One of the best known Roman Catho
lics in the United States, after a recent
visit to Rome, has said that the gov
ernment of the church ran along the
lines of ancient Roman (pagan) imperial
ism. Tne papacy essentially despotic,
and set against all constitutional right3
and l iberties, both religious and politi
cal. A pope may be a good man, but
the system which he must administer
'n evil, and pernicious; and however
good he may be he is a menace and
threat to constitutionalism throughout
the world. There may bo a liberal,
and strictly loyal party in the Roman
Catholic church in this, country, but
they are tne subjects of a foreign des
potism. The ptpacy, wherever it is
established, represents a despotic con
stituency in the government. This
idea should bo boru iu ruluu through
all these articles. BOSTON.