TH
AMERICAN
CHURCH AND STATE.
Their Separation One of the Fund
menUl Principles of" the Consti
tution. The lUnnan ChunU IMoihiIimm! to Vi-
lalo ThU Trinrlple In It KIT.trt to
Sotbit I'ttbllc Mtm j fur Its l'a
rm hUI S liix'l.
In an earlier article it w affirmed
that ini!iU'nce upon sejiaratioa between
church and UU brings us Into sympa
thy with tho teachings of Chrlwt and
the Axtlf, and alw with nolile aoula
through all the centurion. We arc now
prepared to wo that thl principle
bring u Into nympathy with tho foro
nnwt thinker of our day on both (tide
of tho Atlantic, and that it csjHJcially
emphaKlzi-s the dutle and privilege of
a patriotic Amerlcanlhin.
With tho Declaration of Independ
ence the absolute separation of church
and ktate wa intended to be established
In this repuldlo. Then all form of be
lief secured legal equality In thi land.
Tho growth of our churche under the
Influence of thi principle ha widely
affected political and religious think
ing in the Old World. Independence
of the Dlate ia now claimed by many re
ligionists in European lands, and the
claim is emphasized by political parties
which lnsint upon this separation as a
plunk in their platforms. Occasionally
contradictory Interests unite in demand
ing this reparation. The high church
party in Great Britain desires separa
tion In order to give the church release
from her bondago to the state, that she
may be free to Introduce high church
practices, which the state now con
demns. Nonconformists, at this point,
though for widely different reasons,
join hands with the representatives of
the high church. The foremost politi
cal thinkers in Scotland and Wales are
now earnestly agitating these questions
The church of England has been dines
tabllshed In Ireland; and the church of
Scotland, without doubt, will be dises
tablished In Scotland. Wales will fol
low in throwing off the ecclesiastical
yoke, and England, herself, cannot long
refuse to walk In line in this march of
progress. The British government Is
now inflicting a great wrong upon all
Nonconformists. What right has a
government to discriminate among re
ligions? What right have certain re
ligious teachers to receive salaries from
the state? What right has the govern
ment to legislate for a national church?
What right to sit in judgment upon
creeds? What right to prefer one de
nomination over another? Those ques
tions must be answered, and they will
soon be answered in tho ballot-box in
every land.
Even uuder the shadow of the Roman
church the principles of separation be
tween church and state has found earn
est advocates. The brave and brilliant
Cavour lifted up his eloquent voice for
a "free church in a free state." So has
Baron Ricasoll. These are some of the
stirring words which he wrote to the
Italian bishops in a letter dated Nov.,
20, 1806: "In the United States every
citizen is free to follow the persuasion
that he may think best, and to worship
the Divinity in the form that may seem
to him most appropriate. Side by side
with the Catholic church rises the
Trotestant temple, the Mussulman
mosque, the Chinese pagoda. Side by
side with the HomL-h clergy the Gene
van consistory and the Methodist as
sembly exercise theireflice- This state
of things generates neither confusion
nor clashing. And why is this? Be
cause no religion aks either special
protection or privileges from the state.
The bishops cannot be cont idcred among
us as simple pastors of souls, since they
are, at the same time, the instruments
and defenders of a power at variance
with then ational aspirations. The civil
power is therefore constrained to im
pose those measures upon the bishops
which are necessary to preserve its
rights and those of the nation. How is
it possible to terminate this deplorable
and perilous conflict between the two
powers between church ajd state?
Let us render unto Caar the things
that are Caar's and unto God the
things that are God's, and peace be
tween church and state will oe troubled
no moe."
We are confronted at this moment
by practical dangers and pressing duties
in our own beloved land. We have all
seen that separation between church
and state was one of the fundamental
principles of our constitution, and that
great instrument insisted on perfect
freedom of worship and the protection
of each religious body in the exercise
of its religious rights, so far as they
did not interfore with the rights of
others, or violate accepted moral laws.
It ia clear that it was the intention of
the constitution that the government
should not show special favor toward
any religious body or to any set of de-
nomiDaiional opinions. This view is
clearly deducible from the deliverance
of the convention of 17ST; but several of
tl)9 etatcs deemed it important to adopt
amendments which should make this
cardinal principle more unmistakable
asd emphatic. As a result the first
amendment reads as follows: "Cod,
gress shall make no law resjx-cting an
establishment of religion or prohibit
ing the free escreUo thereof. Al
though the cveral state retained the
right to make appropriation for ec-
Urlan purposes, the feeling throughout
the country wa o earnectly against
iueh apj roprlatlons thatadireet pro
hibition wa not deemed neeeary by
the different state. For many year
there has len a growing sentiment in
favor of an amendment to the constitu
tion of the United States which should
(teclflc!ly emphasize the absoluto sep
aration between civil government and
the ecclesiastical authority, and which
shall forbid granting public money to
sectarian school or cbaritloi. Doubtless
tb I matter will come before the New
York constitutional convention which
will soon he held. The separation of
church and state has secured for us
many of the great blessings which have
marked our history. The writer has
the honor of belonging to the Nation! '
League for the protection of American
Institutions, and he has been somewhat
familiar with the discussions in that
body, which have led to the prepara
tion of what Is known as the sixteenth
amendment. As early as 1875, Presi
dent Grant proposed an amendment of
this character. Introduced Into the
house by Mr. Blaine, it was passed by
an overwhelming majority; but un
fortunately It was defeated in the senate.
In 1870 the national republican con
vention at Cincinnati, and tho national
democratic convention at St. Louis,
inserted in their respective platforms
planks committing them to the doctrine
which President Grant had suggested
a year before. The national league
already named has been specially active
during the past years in pressing this
sixteenth amendment, and on January
18, 181)2, on behalf of the national
league, tho Hon. William M. Springer,
of Illinois, Introduced In the house of
representatives, a memorial and peti
tion for the passage of the proposed
sixteenth amendment to the constitu
tion of the United States. This amend
ment Is as follows:
"No state shall pass any law respect
ing an establishment of religion, or
prohibiting tho free exercise thereof,
or use its property or credit, or any
money raised by taxation, or authorize
either to bo used, for the purpose of
founding, maintaining, or aiding, by
appropriation, payment of services, ex
penses, or otherwise, any church, re
ligious denomination or religious so
ciety, or any Institution, society, or
undertaking which is wholly or in
part under sectarian or ecclesiastical
control."
On the same day Senator Piatt, of
Connecticut, introduced the same me-
morlul and petition in the senate.
Each house referred the matter to its
committee on ludiciary.
Several considerations led to the
preparation and presentation of this
proposed amendment. One of its
objects Is to prevent the admission of
Utah to the union untill she Is purged
of her abominable Mormonism. This
amendment raises a barrier against the
effort to legalize the Mormon helrarchy,
and to make It a part of the government
of the state. Two churches, the Mor
mon and the Roman, are, today, prao
tically attempting to destroy the time
honored principle of separation between
church and state.. The Mormons are
determined to maintain the union of
church and state in Utah; ana the
Roman church joins hands with the
Mormon church to destroy this distinc
tive principle of Americanism. There
Is no denomination which can so con
sistently oppose the Roman church as
tho Baptist. We have ever championed
the right of soul liberty, even at the
cost of Imprisonment and death; we
have ever denied the rignt of the state
to dictate as to our duties to God; we
have ever insisted on the distinction
between church and state as laid down
by Christ and his apostles. We have
denied the "compact of the priest and
potentate to crush the rights of con
science; the combination of legal and
prelatical tyranny to repress true re
ligion." We hava ever denied tho
right of civil rulers to make assess
ments and to raise money for the
support of sectarian principles; we
have ever denied the right of govern
ment either to patronize or to coerce a
denomination; we have ever scorned to
accept toleration as a substitute for
liberty; we have ever affirmed that
religious freedom is an utter misnomer
wherever the unhallowed union be
tween church and state exists. The
time is opportune to reaffirm these
great principles, and to declare our
fealty to Christ and the apostles In this
subject, our sympathy with our Baptist
fathers through the ages, and our en
dorsement of the brave men in all
countries and denominations in our own
day, who are standing for the main
tenance of the separation between
church and state. The Roman church
is to bo dreaded and resisted in her
encroachments upon American liberty
at this very hour.
The sixteenth amendment ought to
be passed, and become a part of our
glorious constitution. We do not say
that the Roman church has not the
right, as things now are, to the large
amount of money which she is receiving
for Indian education, provided that she
makes true reports of the number of
pupils under her care. The Presby
terian, the Methodist, the Episcopal,
the Lutheran, the Congregational, and
other churches have erred with the
Roman church In accepting public
money for sectarian Instruction. The
largest sum lias gone to the Roman
church, for tho reason that by various
processo that church ba reported the
greatest number of children a under
her Instruction, So long a other
bodies take thi money, and so long as
the appropriation are made on the per
capita principle, and so long as the Ro
man church reaches, or so claims, as
many children as all tbeae other bodies
combined, so long will she have a claim
to this larger sum of money. The total
amount appropriated has been more
than half a million dollars annually.
The trouble Is with the entire system;
It is wrong in principle and It Is vicious
In practice. It is Inconsistent with the
spirit of the constitution; and If brought
to the test of the courts, it is quite
likely that these appropriations would
be prouounced illegal. Several churches
aave In their various convocation
passed resolutions against taking this
public money for sectarian schools; but
somehow, in most cases, the amounts
are still reported as appropriated. We
here affirm that no body of christians
has a right to receive public money for
sectarian Instruction. The Roman
church showed an utterly un-Ameri
can, unpatriotic, and un-chrlstian spirit
in its attack on General Morgan, in its
threats against United States senators
who favored his confirmation and who
later favored his methods, because of
their great patriotism and their truer
conception of the relations between
church and state. The Protestant
bodies, who have taken this money,
and who are opiosed to grants for pa
rochial schools in different states, Lave
acted with utter inconsistency. They
have taken all that they could get from
the publio treasury for the support of
denominational schools among Indians,
while they are opposed to giving the
Romanists publio moneys for their pa
rochial schools. Baptists give their
greetings to all churches that have de
clared that they will no longer receive
publio funds for soctarlan uses; and we
hope that they will be true to their re
ported declarations. The attitude of
the Roman church regarding the so-
called "Freedom of Worship Bill" in
New York shows, on the one hand, the
danger to which we are exposed, and,
on the other hand, the pernicious ac
tivity of that church. That church
under this bill Is determined to estab
lish Roman ceremonies and teachings
in state institutions supported, in whole
or In part, by the whole body of tax
payers, institutions that ought to re
main forever non-sectarian. The dis
crimination made in favor of the Roman
church In this regard is a blot upon the
history of New York state, and an out
rage which no fair-minded American
can im passionately contemplate.
The Roman chnrch Is determined
also to violate the time-honored prin
ciple of separation between church and
state in its effort to secure public
moneys for its parochial schools. It is,
without doubt, the determination of
that church to secure this end. Arch
bishop Corrigan and Archbishop Ire
land are aiming at the same end,
though they desire to reach it by dif
ferent methods; the first !s open, bold,
and defiant; the latter is subtle, skilful,
and politic. The Roman church is the
Ill-concealed or openly-avowed foe of
the public school system. A few quota
tions from her own recognized authori
ties show clearly her hostility to the
civil power as well as to the public
schools:
"The people are not the source of
civil power." Pius IX., Eno. 39.
"Education outside the control of the
Roman Catholic church is a damnable
heresy," Pope's Syllabus.
"The Roman church has a right to
interfere in the discipline of the public
schools, and in the arrangement of the
studies of the public schools, and in
the choice of teachers for these schools."
Pope Pius IX., Enc. 45.
"Publio schools open to all children
for the education of the young should
be under the control of the Roman
church and should not be subject to the
civil power, nor made to conform to the
opinions of the age." Pope Pius IX.,
Enc. 47.
"The Catechism alone is essential for
the education of the people." Cardinal
Antonelli.
"The common school system of the
United States is the worst in the
world." Cardinal Manning.
"The public schools have produced
nothing but a godlsss generation of
thieves and blackguards." Priest
Schauer.
"I frankly confess that the Catholics
stand before the country as the enemies
of the public schools." Father Phelan.
Later declarations betray a similar
hostility; the modified endorsement of
Mgr. Satolli is practically opposition to
our schools. We are prepared to say
that no parochial school can give the
training which our public schools fur
nish. Public schools should be the
great kindergartens of true American
patriotism. The sixteenth amendment
will receive the endorsement of intelli
gent Americans in all parts of our
broad land. The National League has
among its supporters many of the most
prominent men in different denomina'
tions in the country, including stated
men, jurists, divines, authors, college
presidents, students of political science,
philanthropists, and patriots. In all
thtwe great movements for the main
tenance of liberty, and for all that Is
noblest and dlvinest In Americanism,
Baptists, alike by their principles and
history, will be leaders. The denom
ination which gave us many brave
heroes and martyrs in the middle
ages, and which gave us John Clark,
Obadiah Holmes, and James Crandall
In Boston in 1651; which gave us the
heroic Ireland, who preachel the gos
pul through the bars of the Culpepper
prison: which gave us Roger Williams
and a host more whose names, honored
In America and glorified in heaven,
time would fall me to enumerate, M ill
ever march In the forefront for Ameri
can liberty, and for the right to wor
ship God according to the dictates of
conscience. Baptists will ever be ready
to say, with that brilliant Statesman,
James G. Blaine: "It seems to me that
this school question ought to be settled
in some definite and comprehensive
way, aud the only settlement that can
'e final is the complete victory for non-
sectarian schools. I am sure this will
be demanded by the American people
at all hazard, and at any cost;" and
with the illustrious Grant: "Leave
the matter of religion to the family
altar, the church, and the private
school supported entirely by private
contribution. Keep the church and
the state forever separate." Jl. 8.
MacArthur in iVeto 1 'ork Kxamhitr.
Only "Wind."
Regarding Mgr. Satolli's promulga
tion against saloon keepers in the Ro
man Catholic church, the men who
come under the ban in Omaha say it is
all just so much talk.
"Preachers of every denomination
preach what they themselves do not
practice," said Tom Foley, a prominent
Roman Catholic saloon keeper In
Omaha, "and Mgr. Satolli's statement
can be taken as just talk." I don't be
lieve that a single Roman Catholic
saloon keeper in Omaha will pay a par
ticle of attention to the natter. We
will go right along in the even tenor of
our ways, and I do not think that a sin
gle saloon man who is a member of a
Roman Catholic society will be asked
to resign on that account."
State or Ohio, Citt or Toledo, t
LUCAS CODNTT. '
Frank J. Chknit makes oath that he !
the senior partner of the Arm of F. i, Cheney
& Co.. dolnit business In the cltv of Toledo.
county and state aforesaid, and that said
ii rm win pay tne sum or u.K tiumiKKU
DOLLARS for each and every case of Catarrh
that cannot be cured by t he use of IIai.l'S
CatarkhCurk. FKANKJ. CHENEY.
Sworn to before me and subscribed In my
presence, this ttth day of December. A. D ls'.ij.
SIAL A. W. ULfcASUS,
Notary Public.
Hall's Catarrh Cure Is taken Internally and
acts direct ly on the blood and mucous sur
faces of the system. Hend for testimonials,
free. V. J. CHENKY & CO.. Toledo. O.
PTSold by druKKlsts, ?5c. 8-fi)-lmo
"Among the Ozarks."
The Land of Big Red Apples, is an
attractive and interesting book, hand
somely illustrated with views of South
Missouri scenery, including the famous
Olden fruit farm of $,000 acres in How
ell county. It pertains to fruit raising
in that great fruit belt of America, the
southern slope of the Ozarks, and will
prove of great value, not only to fruit
growers, but to every farmer and home
seeker looking for a farm and a home.
Mailed free. Address,
J. E. LOCKWOOD,
Kansas City, Mo.
Rev. J. Hogan, of St. Joseph, Mo.,
says: "That the sacraments are to be
refused to Catholics unworthy of the
name, who in the education of their
children patronize the public schools."
Judgos of Faith, page 103.
Leo XIII, in his encyclical of Janu
ary 10th, 1800, says: "It is impetuou
indeed to break the laws of Jesus
Christ for the purpose of obeying the
magistrate, or to transgress the laws of
the church under the pretext of obey
ing tho civil law;" and "If the laws are
hostile to the duties imposed by relig
ion, or violate in the person of the sov
ereign pontiff the authority of Jesus
Christ, then indeed it is a duty to resist
them and a crime to obey them."
Change of Time.
On and after Sunday, April 29th, the
Missouri Pacific trains for Kansas
City, St. Louis, etc., will leave depot
at loth and Webster streets at 9:00 a.
m. and 9:30 p. m. Trains will arrive
at 6:00 a. m. and 6:55 p. m. Nebraska
Local leaves daily, except Sunday, at
5:10 p. m.; arrives 9:20 a. m.
J. O. Jt'HILLIPPI,
A. G. F. & P. A.
Thomas F. Godfrey,
P. & T. A.
"Do you believe this country will ever
become Catholic? 'is changed to the
question; How-soon do you think it
will come to pass? Soon, very soon, we
reply, if statistics be true." Catholic
World.
$15.00 to Denver and return via the
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Account Mystic Shrine meeting.
See me, II. P. DEUEL,
C. T. A., U. P. System,
1302 Farnam Street.
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Instructive and to the Point.
sALLtNEWN'
address:
THE PATRIOTIC TRACT CO.
Lock Box 34, Station E
CLEVELAND, OHIO.
FOOTPRINTS OF THE JESUITS.
By HO. It. w. TllonPNO, Ex-teeretary of
the Navy, Author of ' The i'lipuey and the Civil
Power." A Imlicliil study of the Origin, Vrineiples
and Progress of the "Society of Jesus," espe-'
cially as it stands relnted to Ci-n Government.
Octavo. Cloth. .KN pages, with Portmlt of Author
Price. M5t paid, t'KARSTOX A CCBTK,
Pi. Ill ';!-, iuvimiatl, Chicago, SblrftuU.
for INDIAN TERRITORY.
THE CHEROKEE STRIP,
IMM OKLAHOMA, FT.SMITH,
iMffi LITTLE ROCK
and HOTSPRINGS, ARK
Ticket Offie. I. E. Corner 13th and Farnim 8U
" KHNSflS D1TY,
ST. LOUIS TOINTS1
SOUTH AND SOUTHEAST.
Ticket OMte, I. E. Utm mi an t'anan SU.
mm