THE AMERICAN,
till I 1111 M II 1 1( VI,
Hi, l itil, tfce tpuli SaU)Iii.
UV I lilt" IM. Mt..ti,
"I'll at tit l. l tt3 Itn.
h ! IttHi.', .,,I tiim )m ii.' .n.i,
uf ll.t' Miiaa.iK.,. tVW,. I'd ,i i,,
I-in ?(! if r.'. t ,,,,
Vlni,ia t i,Ui! t. (:,.,
tim.li' public thi hmt h h i. i , u t
from IS'Jh- l-uti the M'litxv) stii.n.
It a rti iv. .1 In IUit)t)ii ii U
Ii l.!ny, lVISi I I. IK.. efbVtal ti-tm.
lllli.'h'.
linn with transmit tt Your Km In
riiti. Hn ill.nl letter tsn I lie
noted sehis.l (M ltnii. I iln in. I doubt
luil t lint Your riiilitettee will read with
pleasure It contents, and hn' Unit
tln lmMt'lntit document III see ml in
re-established in lln minds of nil who
have been Interested In till question.
H U the desire of the duly Father that
Your Kmlm-nce would kindly have tho
letter printed mid distributed to nil tin'
bishop uf the I' tilted States, I would
remain with jinifoiind reset. Your
Kmlnoneo's dovoU'd servant,
M. CaHIUNAI. IUMIUU.A.
I omr, Juno I, I ml.
To (htr itiUmtl Hon, Jainc Oililmnii,
Cardinal Print of the llubj Rmuan
Church, titular of tit, Jtlary'n beyond the
Tiber, the Anhbinhop of Jtallimore, and
to our venerable brethren the, Arehldhhopt,
und Jtixhops of the, United titates of North
America Bklovkd Hon and Vknkk
aiile Dhkthkkn: Health and apos
tolic benediction.
We have often given manifest proofs
both of our solicitude for tlio welfare of
tho faithful jieoplo and blHhom of tlio
United States of America und of tho
peculiar affection with which wo ohor
ImIi that portion of our Saviour's flock.
Of this wo have given additional and
unmistakable evidence in sending to
you an our delegate, our vonerablo
brother FranclH, titular archbishop of
Lepanto, an Illustrious man, not loss
pre-eminent by his learning than by
his virtues, an you yourselves, In tho
recent meeting of tho archbishops in
New York, have plainly testified, thuH
confirming the trust which we had re
potted In Lin prudence.
Now 1j!h legation had this for I in first
object that it should bo a public testl
tnonlal of our good will toward your
country and of tho high esteem in
which wo hold thoHo who administer
tho government of tho republic; for
he wuh to assist in our iiutuo at tho
dedication of tho universal exposition
held in tho city of Chicago, in which
w ourselves, by the courteous luvltu
tion of it director, have taken part.
But bit legation bad thin alo for lu
purpoM, that our preMncfl should be
made, m it were, perpetual among you
by tbe permanent establishment of an
apostoilo delegation at Washington.
By thli we bave manifestly declared
not only that wo lovo your nation
equally with thoso flourishing countries
to which we have been accustomed to
send representatives vested with our
authority, but also that we vehemently
desire that the bonds of actual relation
ship binding you and your faithful peo
ple with us, us children with their
father, should grow closer every day.
Nor was It a small comfort to our heart
that this new act of our care In your
regard was followed by a general out
pouring of thanks and affection toward
us.
Now, in our fraternal solicitude for
your well being, we had above all given
command to tho archbishop of Lepanto
that he should use all his endeavors
and all the skill of his fraternal charity
for the extirpation of all tho germs of
dissension developed In'lhe too well
known controversies concerning the
proper instruction of Catholic youth; a
dissension whoso Hun e was fanned by
various writings published on both
sides. These commands of ours our
venerable brother fully compiled with;
and In the month of November of last
year bo repaired to New York where
they bad assembled with you, lsdove.il
son, all the other archbishops of your
country, they having compiled with
the deslro which I bad communicated
to them through tho sacred congrega
tion of tho propaganda, that after con
ferring with their suffragans they
should Join counsel and deliberate con
cerning tho best method of curing for
those Catholic children who attend the
public schools instead of Catholic
schools.
The things which you wisely decreed
in that meeting were pleasing to the
said archbishop of Lit pan to, who lie
stowed merited praise on your prudence
and expressed his belief that these de
crees would prove most useful. This
judgment we also with great pleasure
confirm; and to yourself and the other
prelates then assembled will we give
deserved prulso for having thus oppor
tunely responded to our counsel and
our expectation. Hut, at that same
time our venerable brothers, wishing,
as it was our desire, to settle the ques
tions concerning the right Instruction
of Catholic youth, alsiut which, hs
above stated, controversy was being
waged and writings published with ex
cited minds and angry feelings, laid
before you certain propositions put In
shajsi by himself, touching upon both
the theoretical principles of tho subject
and their practical application. When
the meeting of archbishops had seri
ously weighed the meaning and bearing
of these propositions, they had asked
, . I ! . .1,1 ' ,!.-. 1 .( .1 i 11, I
ill lt in Vi Ot it,, ....'"...,).
tjj.rtti... .'I i. r.:' i . . s 1 1 I .;.',
'A I, it ), m u i .!.-!.-, t'..- ,i.i. . ! i
m (lU.'li t! rt 1 I ...(,. nil,! '! n '-.. ;
ti.it. Uh tiic I I M. H !.o I .t ?..! j
. .i. !..! Hj, ... ,,,1, tt I ). .) , I M j
t n ,!1 !!.! I ii.1 !n Hi.- ti.Sii.iti.!
'MI imttUi' 'ti. It )i.,(in Ink. n
ture l'i l!l u,
,it 1 1..-.' (il'i.iti'iltltiiin (if imr i.i
itt.' )iMI . ln (lii.-v. iMIIeij' lliftile
pdlilie, Hltn.l re Ml tle M-H, ,t fu,l
eolilitilct-oles tHl ttl ntit oh, ulih li
tliiimijli IsUe Intel 'i-i tniii. suit
tlinnij;l Inn. iimiit tliMlitllnii n Hi
t-rt nlinnid In 1ln in n.-r, rew
llioin W il. pr. H.l slid inure mi oti.
Then iH rtiiln pti lstt of your eonntiy,
whether dlpleii'd with the inlet piv
tltm put upon S.1IIHI of thew prossl
.Ions or fearing the hnrin to wmls
which It seeineil to tin-lit Intghl thetiee
result, eoiiltded to im the rvnsoii of
their anxiety, ami we knowing Hint the
salvation of souls Is the supreme law to
bo ever assiduously borne In mind by
us, wishing more to give you another
proof of our solicitous affection, re
quested that each of you should In a
private letter fully open his mind 1o us
on the subject, which was diligently
complied with by each ono of you.
From tho examination of theso letters
it lieeamo manifest to us that some of
you found in the propositions no reason
for apprehension; while to others it
seemed that the propositions partially
abrogated tho disciplinary law con
cerning schools enacted by the council
of Baltimore, and they feared that a
diversity of interpretations put upon
them would engender sad dissensions
which would prove detrimental to the
Catholic schools.
After carefully weighing tho matter
wo are Intimately convinced that such
interpretations are totally alien from
the meaning of our delegates, as they
are assuredly far from the mind of this
apostolic see; for tho principal proposi
tions offered by him were drawn from
tho decrees of the Third Plenary Coun
cil of Baltimore and especially declare
that Catholic schools are to be most
sedulously promoted, and that It is to
be left to tho judgment and conscience
of the ordlnury to decide, according to
tho circumstances, when It Is lawful
and when unlawful to attend the public
schools. Now if the words of any
speaker aro so to be taken that tho lat
ter part of his discourse shall bo under
stood to agree, and not to disagree,
with what he had said before, it is
surely both unbecoming and unjust so
to explain bis later utterances as to
make tbetn disagree with the preceding
oneiC And this )s the more true since
the meaning of the writer was not all
loftobscure. For, while presenting his
propositions to the distinguished meet
ing in Nw York he expressly declared
(as Is evident from tho minutes) hto
admiration for the zeal manifested by
th'j bishops of North America In tho
most wise decrees enacted by tho Third
Plenary Council of Baltimore for the
promotion of Catholic Instruction of
tho young He added, moreover, that
theso decrees, in as far as they contain
a general rule of action, aro faithfully
to bo observed, and that although the
public schools aro not to bo entirely
condemned (since cases may occur, as
tho council itself had forseen, in which
it Is lawful to attend them) still every
endeavor should Ixs made to multiply
Catholic schisds and to bring them to
perfect equipment. But In order, that
In a matter of so grave importance,
there may remain no further room for
doubt or for dissensions, as wo have al
ready declared in our letter of the 23rd
of May of last year to our venerable
brethren, tho archbishop and bishops
of tho province of New York, so we
ugaln us far us need be, declare, that
the decrees which the Baltimore coun
cils, agreeably to the directions of the
Holy Hee, huvo enacted concerning pa
rochial schools, and whatever else has
been proscribed by the Homan Pontiffs,
whether directly or through tho sacred
congregations, concerning the same
matter, are to lie steadfastly observed.
Wherefore, wo confidently hope (and
your devoted nes tens and the apostolic
see increases our confidence) that hav
ing put away every cause of error and
all anxiety you will work together with
hearts united in perfect charity for the
wider and wider spread of tho kingdom
of find in vour Immense country. But
while industriously laboring for the
glory of (Jod and the salvation of souls
entrusted to your care, strive also to
promote the welfare of your fellow
elll.en and to prove tho earnestness of
your love for yourcountry, so that they
who are entrusted with tho administra
tion of tho government may clearly
recognize how strong an influence for
tho support of public order and for tho
advancement of public prosjierlty Is to
bo found In the Catholic Church.
And as to yourself, beloved son, wo
know for certain that you will not only
communicate to our own venerable
brethren In the United Htntcs this our
mind which It hath seemed good to us
to make known to you, but that you
will also strive with all your power that
tho controversy, being not only calmed
but totally ended, as Is so greatly to lie
Jdesired, the minds which have been
excited by it may peacefully be united
In mutual gisid will. Meanwhile, as a
pledge of our affection, we most loving
1 1
I i U l l fc t lijfc j
ii I M'-i Ii Ii n'' l-'i 1 1: . i
I'. I Ii t tnUit,', ,,.,.!,- t tisMr,l
l.. ii-'ii1 hmii He .! i,- ! tt. telut
t .Hi lit fit tii.lliU (!(-t hi S ,
' e ft V. in tt,.- . n 1 i,
I t.n , .(), tr i,t ion Hi. ,
M.,l MtMIH I I 1 1 I H
To iiti.li ilti.l (nil) the te stul
tin-miti,' .f ttiU iHti.!ttitnlenHitn U 1
liee.iiy t....i., wild It ttieel.t.-f l t
of Mjr, KMolH's n.lilivwml U.e m.i tli'tf
f nivhbiliup In New Yeik bl fall.
The i'll ( the p?vHiil U loutnl In
tbe follow lug rktvrpts from Hint nd-
ire;
"To the rutin.) ie elmivli liehmgs the
duty hihI tlietlhlne tight of leaching
nil until. n tolsilere the truth of I he
gttnpel ami to nWrve whtevcr
Christ eoiitinumled. (Mutt, xxvill., 111.)
In her likewise Is vested the divine
tight of Instructing the young, In so
far us theirs Is the kingdom of heaven
(Mark, x., U. Council of Baltimore, 11.
L., lil., No. UM); that Is to siiy, she
holds for herself the light of teaching
tli truths of faith ami the law of morals
In order to bring up youth In tho habits
of christian life. Hence, absolutely
and universally speaking, there Is no
repugnance In learning tho first ele
ments and tho higher brunches of the
arts and the natural sciences in public
schools controlled by tho state, whose
office is to provide, maintain and pro
tect everything by which lis citizens
aro formed to moral gixidness, while
they live peaceably together with a
sufficiency of temporal gmids, under the
laws promulgated by civil authority.
THE CHUKCH FAV0K8 I'UHMCBCIIOOLH.
Tho Catholic church in general, and
especially tho Holy See, far from con
demning or treating with Indifference
the public schools, desires rather that
by the joint action of civil and ecclesi
astical authorities, there should bo
public schools In every state, according
as the circumstances of tho people re
quire, for tho cultivation of tho useful
arts and natural sciences; but tho
Catholic church shrinks from thoso
features of public schools which aro op
posed to tho truth of Christianity and
to morality; and since, in the interest
of society itself, these objectionable fea
tures aro removable, therefore, not
only tho bishops but tho citizens at
largo should labor to remove them, in
virtue of their own right and In tho
cause of morality. It Is greatly
to bo desired, and will lie a most happy
arrangement, if tbe Bishop agrees with
the civil authoritiea or with tbe mem
bers of tho School Board, to oonducf
the school with mutual attention an.
due consideration for their respect! 1 4
rights. While there are teacher of
any description for the secular
branches, who are legally inhibited
from offending Catholic religion und
morality, let tho right and duty of the
church obtain of teaching the children
catechism, in order to remove danger
to their faith and morals from any
quarter whatsoever."
The Third Plenary Council of Balti
more, whoso decrees were revised by
lyw XIII., 21 Heptember, 1W, has sur
passed all preceding councils onAmerl-
can soil in tho number, importance and
cogency of its regulations on the subject
of education, enjoined as the law to be
strictly followed by pastors, teachers
and jieoplo. Upwards of fifty of the
ono hundred and eighty-two pages of
tho body of the volume "C'wirt'MW I'knr
arii llnllhimrmidH Tert'rt Actitet I herein"
aro taken up almost exclusively with
all grades of schools, proceeding from
the elementary, through tho inter
mediate schools, colleges, and academ
ies, to tho "Catholic University of
America," now on the eve of being
founded. At the end of Chapter I.,
Title VI., the following decrees are set
down as tho fundamental rules govern
ing the whole educational legislation:
"We determine and decree:
"I. Thathardby every cherch, where
It disis not already exist, a parochial
school Is to be erected within two years
from tho promulgation of this council
(January Oth, Feast of Kplphany, 18W)
and to be kept up In tho future, unless
tho bishop see fit to grant a further
delay on account of more than ordinarily
grave difficulties to bo overcome in Its
establishment.
"II. That a priest, who, within the
aforesaid time, hinders by sorlout neg
ligence, tho building and maintenance
of a school, or does not regurd tho re
pented admonitions of tho bishop, do
serves removal from that church.
"III. That tho mission (mmlonem) or
parish, neglecting to aid the priest in
tho erection and support of a school so
that, on account of this supine negli
gence, tho sumo cannot exist, Is to be
reprimanded by the bishop, and by
every prudent and efficient means urged
to supply tho neeossiry helps (aulmdia.).
"IV. That all Catholic parents are
Ismnd to send their children te pa
rochial schools, unless they provide
sufficiently und fully for their christian
education at home, or atother Catholic
schools. They may, however, lie per
mitted for a good reason, approved by
tho bishop, and using meanwhile the
necessary precautions and remedies, to
send them to other schools. But It is
left to the judgment of tho ordinary to
decide what Is a Catholic school."
ISection II., "Ada el deer," pp. 103
sqq.
' if in I! i t-rs- -,'.., in-'I li Ms
, . - . It -.! . rt, I ...II. I j . '
I T-e 1 1 I tl. ti. t ' mi l t I 0.ie
n' tin- i ' t iih .- e! I '. ' i
liltlHt'llltli, '! ! ! I. IT
(,!i4 H .if - Mi ' il-i' t"-t - '
ts'o'l Witt. ti' 1 l"i I S ii I (. Ml ill 'ii '.Sin,.
I "m lioUe ). . t i'ti t...i ..t.: im. i. i,i.:,
I'M Si't'm U ,!.nt m il I 11.1 Ii 111 . lnm!
wliivh Vtmil W iicwl' lt.1. i.'f l.i IH.
puli'le n liin.U,' t he tnHt .1. ti.n ot
the tueoit f.i,'tt t'ftt ln itir"i l We,
llii-tvfnfv, bsll pM'w Mint lijuiit
eiiiii r tfiiUHini. by wliiih pmtisl
initU limy ' livntjlit up to the
ttsmtitid of iim-tu!ni mih) . ifeelbm
ileniHHl.i bj the honor of tbe limivh
ami lh tef nnl ami tt iinnl welfare
of the liilldreh, and lin'iltid by the
gt'tierous devotion of the psri litu,
"t. First u l priests: We ileen e
that- eaitiHtbites lor the priesthood !
taught In the semlnniies Hint one of
their principal future duties, esjeelilly
iinw ii tlnys, relate to the christian
education of the young; ami that It In
Imply Impossible to fulllll this duty
without parochial or other truly t'atho
lb schistls, Therefore, In the study of
pshyehology, the normal course, and
pastoral theology, let sciinl stress lie
laid upon tho mutter of education.
Tho students must alsi learn the
method of explaining catechism and
Biblo history In a clear and solid man
ner. Let priests lovo their
schools 'as tho apple of their eye,' fre
quently vlsltund Inspect them, or some
department of them, at least onco a
week; watching over tho children's
morals, und spurring on their diligence
by-proper enticements. Let them
teach Catechism and Bible history
themselves, or have them rightly
taught by tho religious In charge.
Take particular notice of the other
studies; and by public examinations;
once or twice a year, bring their schools
before tho eyes of their people and
commend them to their patronage.
Especial care bo taken that all text
books bo written (or edited) by Catho
lic authors Tho priests' pro
motion to an Irremovable rcctorato of
other dignity will depend upon their
care of their schools."
Here may bo Interjected what tho
plenary council directs In regard to
Catechism which, it is to be trusted,
will bo regarded as not so much In
truding the affairs and duties of tho
rev. clergy on tho notice of tho people,
as affording protection for pastors to
refer to, when sometimes the laity may
bo disposed to attribute their conduct
to the caprice of over-zeal or even a
domineering spirit.
"It in our desire that rectors of
cburchetor their aeiiaUnte very often
flH the oatecbiam olaeaee on Sundays,
tad on week days those of tho parish
school M well a colleges or high
schools and academies of boys and girls
not under tho management of priests.
Teachers, whether religious or lay
men, not of priestly dignity, have not
assigned to them the duty of teaching
the word of Cod, though they aro to bo
accounted as assistants In tho training
of youth, 'The lips of tho priest shall
keep knowledge and they shall require
tho law at his mouth.' Wo therefore
command rectors to glvo assiduous at
tention to the little ones, especially at
the time they aro being prepared to
approach the Holy Table for the first
time. Tho rectors themselves or their
assistants shall, at least where they
reside or can easily reach, touch such
children the catechism for six weeks at
tho shortest, three times each week.
Let no ono bo admitted to confirmation
if not diligently Instructed In what per
tains to the nature and effects of this
sacrament, Also arrange so tout
the boy and girl shall bo taught
more thoroughly In Christian doctrine
and morals for two years after their
first communion,"
Suction II, "Acta t Peer,, p. Jl.
lleforrlng to the chapter on the Edu
cation ol tho Young, the fathers contin
ue by laying down tho
DUTY Of TIIK LAITV.
"II, As to our faithful people, we
exhort and command them to bo so
well Instructed that they may become
accustomed to regard their purocblul
school as an essential adjunct to the
parish, without which the futur exists
ence of tho congregation will Imj lmter
lied, Let them li clearly and earnest
ly taught that tho school Is nowise
matter of choice with tho priest to
prove his overflowing zeal or adopted
to fill up his leisure tlmo pleasantly
and honorably. It Is a duty and burden
imposed upon tho priest by tho church
to bo religiously borne by him, but
not without the aid of his people
Nor with less zeal und prudence is the
erroneous opinion to bo uprooted from
tho minds of the luity, viz., that the
solicitude for the school Is to lsi con
fined to that portion of the congregu
tlon actually and directly making use
of It for their children. It must bo
plainly demonstrated that tho profits
and blessings accruing from the preser
vutlon of faith and morals In parochial
schistls redound to tho benefit of the
whole community.
"Whence It shall come to puss that
tho people of the parish will prize and
cherish their school next to their
church, as tho preserver of faith and
good morals and the fruitful mother of
children, who shall be a joy and a con
isolation to all.
"The laity should give the schools
fitting and generous support by uniting
l li ' ---.' . I .. I.i
i nit 1 1 I- I'Di n I I - )-., ti IiIih Hon
ill..- fftlM.it l.n. U U.S., .HOl M M
j "j ii.l,. ! !i Hi I Mil.mil Slut - )tl
j )'l II ! l-ot.ll ( lt(i.l S.I !lil li' l'
jt.iii, , k. t.i-t t-.f tt-i lr iH'.tt It Un t fml it
e I I Ii ;', til H' I. It tt t'nth.'Hl
, !,m,l. ,i l, i limtli I It... (, t
H fii-l ,t Mi-glltg Win! wi. llliMV
Mi !tt mi.) ..ti!nt tnrtiM nCi. 1 ( i.-li .
1, I' IVelitpl Mlt'l l.ei I till I'M Ulii III
ol (, nnH itnm!tity Hstn Iini ).'i
tot i n. h hoist oui'M lo ls ltia.h by
all w Im nr, Mftenl II, Nelthur tii;M
the el lit r Llii.ih i e. line to In. n nM
the rvVi lllle of the liuilvli lo the ex
tent iteeesnary In ineil lite ln-w r-te)!-.
All, wlit ttti'l 'illi It U, heMtls
of families or young people eMiiiliit
Wages, ought til IsHl'ine llli inlsTS of
Sued ty ler the I'minntlm, of Hehoola,
'This nK'Uli.il to Is' reenlllliieniletl
lo all, Mini Mlrea.ly Intitslumtl Inl.i
many bs'iilitles with the sN iial bless
ing of the Sovereign Pontiff, hns for Its
objii'to eolleet small but regular con
tribution designed to make the
schistls, If not altogether, at. least par
tially free school.' These needful
means Ising generously supplied, we
shall witness it marked Improvement
In the external and Internal arrange
ments of tho school houses; the niiiii
Isir ol teachers can lie readily Increased;
tho scholars will 1st divided Into less
numerous and better graded classes, all
co-operating In tho grand work of lift
ing our schools to a higher degree of
efficiency,"
HCHISIt. IMIIVIMIOKH OF THE LAITY.
"But wo desire also that certain
lights and privileges, which shall bo
more uecurutely defined In Dlocesun
Synods, he conceded to our laymen In
respect to tho schools reserving tho
exclusive lights of tho priests, us re
gards particularly the appointment
and dismissal of teachers, thodlsclpllno
of tho ' school and superintendence In
spirituals."
"Tlireit or morn litymcn of itimrovril con
duct, anil eiiiiiililllly Nlnt.lt lit. I'lilier tllri'i'tly
HlUMiliituil 1 1 V Hit. iirli'sl, or Hci'leil liy t.htt
roimn'Kiillmi from nmniiK Hie nioni'S pni-
tosi'ii ny nun. i ni'Nti, KiKi'iher Wil li tin. lias
Air of lilt. I'lno'i'li iimi llin.tt oUiei' DrtesLs
iIi'kIkiiiiIi'iI liy thn IiIhIiiii, hIiilII i'iiiimI II nil. it
si'liool liuiiiif. wIiiim' Im'hI neiHH II. nIiiiII lie lo
omH'., tint nIiiioIn oiiiu.or l.wlrt. a ymir, Itul.
tliti In v tiieii In 1 1 1 1 H In in til mIi lit I liiHiiei't hihI
e inn fnii tiomi bin, llmlr own imroi'lilitl
si'liools," This Is itililt.it from tin. Komiin
Hi'hetiiii IlixMiiUiniiii, i,ft7, to slum tint )ioli-
11 1 11 1. Oil 1 'I III 11 III HIOI'IINItll I U I HI f II 1(111,
NKW LKOIHI.ATION OM TKACHEI18.
"But since tho status and improve
ment of our schools mostly depend
upon tho fitness of tho musters, the ut
most care Is to be tuken that none but
capable and even excellent teachers be
put In charge. Wo therefore decree
and direct: None shall bo admitted In
future to tho office of teaching our
parochial schools but such as shall
huvo proved themselves by previous
examination capable and unexception
able. Within one year from the pro
mulgation of tho council (F.plphany,
1M0), thoro shall lie named by tho
bishop three (.'!) priest most skilled
In school matters, who shall constitute
tho 'Diocesan Board ot Examination.'
They shall bo appointed only usque ud
rovocatlonem (subject to revocation),
und shall solemnly promise In the
hands of tho bishop thut they will per
form tho duties of their oftbie to tho
best of their ability, and In accordance
with tho rules laid down by tho bishop.
This board shall examine all
teacher of both sexes, whether relig
ious loilonglng lo some Dlocesun com
munity of laymen or women, who in
future, shall deslro to take charge of
teaching in parochial schools. To
them they shall give, if found worthy,
a certificate or diploma, without which
no priest shall engage any teacher of
either sex to teach his school unless ho
or she may have been teaching before
tho celebration of tho council (ante
celebrutlonetn concllll.)"
The (litOt of Ids Fathers' letter lo I lie Holy
Kut tier, mid of thn II fill innl lust .puhllc sess
ion of tint council, ts lice, 7l.li, IMH4,
"This diploma shall remain In force
for flvu(5 years, and shall hold gisid
for all dioceses. At the end of this
ieriol another and final examination
shall Ik; required of teacher. Those
who have fulled in either examination
shall receive no diploma, but shall be
t . mJ. .
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I M .! I I mil l .1 S V, Ml Sit Oil II it fie
' .' ilii1 I'm
j iimi ixiniani er iuwiii.ii
i ' 'I i utiiie !imi ta'l tsfc tf f-.lMi-
i'lH.,1 , (IM!,, f.X t.-.i tl I I I't l'ii.Hll
i'.. i,li ..i ). t,i l,, I Mx Ml 1 1n-
j linns Mrei ! i.p h the t Mitittt-r
Mt .( i-1 i t .t . . !' al Hie time
j'aii.l in the pinev it iflll.-.) b the
Minimis The matter a.d i,ni tt li.n
I for the Mlillell I si.ltiMU..n shil I'
pit t'MinMiy the W hole ln.siil Mil llie
it IV t'l i mlnstl.i tin hsU tie pn
mxit either by tute f the tossed or by
another priest ilepnttml by the nl
tb iil Ibereof, III M b tti r artuesl with tho
senl of I be president Slid s lii tl In Ibe
presettee of those lo ls e KKitillied, who
sIimM woik out their soliitlona Mini
aiiswi r lind.-r tho eye of ono of Iho
wild IsihiiI or Ills deputy. The written
pint of the examination having lsrn
submit letl to ami re vie Weil by Hie ex
imiliii is. nn oral examination shall Ui
held Is'fmv the whole Ismrd as stsin a
tsslble. Before they leave the plaeo
of exnmliiatioii the exnuilners slut 1 1
write three lists of those who shall
have sal isfaetoiily passed, one of which
they shall deliver to the Religious Su
perior or to the seen lur enmlldate; tho
second they shall retain for the presi
dent of tho hoard; tho third they shall
transmit to tho office of tho chancellor
of t he dloceso.
In lln followltiK imriiif rnpli It Is orilereil
Hull "If I Im lilnlmii nil it 1 1 hiivn (llwnver.'cl
rt'iiulsr or iIIih'i.hii niiiirnvi.il rotniiiiinllli'
si'tiillittf mil. leitclii'ln inilll for Ihi'lr ultli'it tut
sliull iiiliiintilMli tin. Superior In net. to llui
mill ler Mil limit ttiiiii'i'i.HHiiry ilehiy ilnler
i t iK in it it i teiiiiius irovlih'lill.( If Hit. Hnper
lor iii'Kleet loilnlhlN I lie sarreil cnniiieKii
tloii Is to In. miIvIhkiI In uriler Unit ll mity
ltllly till. llllllIK r.'llir'lllrn. In I'll1"' I'lTtlllll
HHii'i'iiii'iilM Iiiivii lie.'ii nr hIiiiII hi. iiiiiiIk he
twi.eii tlit. IiInIio)ii mill superior of I'litiiinioi
It les ri'liil.liitf lo tin. iiiiiioliitmiiiit or removal
of ti'Hi'liers of I'lllier ni.x In punii'liliil
schools, or ri'ifiil'illiiK th methoil of Icuch-
liiK ec ii I ur liruiiclics (si'lmitliis profiimiH,
these iiuremiiciilH nliull he Invlohililv oliserv-
ml." Acta ut lit.cri'lii, p. Imi.
"Besides this board for tho examina
tion of teachers for tho whole diocese,
bishops shall appoint many other
"School Boards," according to differ
ence of places and languages, com jawed
of ono or more priests to exan
schools In cities and country dlstrl
It shall Imj tho duty of theso board
visit arm examine cucn scnooi in in
circuit onco or twlco a year, report!
accurately tho condition of tho schi
to tho president of tho diocesan hi
for tho information and action of
bishop,
"In order that a sufficient cort
Catholic touchers may bo created,
ouch and all may lie most thorou
prepared for their sacred and sul
office, wo admonish thoso lnterc
Eplsoopl, either of their own motl
or, If necessary, by calling in tho i,
thorlty of tho sacred congregation
not in common with tho proper upd
lor of communities. We refer to t
establ Ish ment, where 'iieiitlt7il,o? If
trial schools. Theso shall tie Instituj
in convenient houses, whero Jin
member may be put in training f
protracted period under expert I
most capable preceptors of tho diffei
sciences, school discipline, method
teaching and other matters conne
with tho proper government of schi
"Wherever priests, secular or ri
lar, erect and carry on uee,ossf
theso normal schools, us we know
already been dono In several local I iJ
they will certainly bo doing a
worthy of every prulso and eneour
ment,"
I hid,, pp, IW-IIO.
Taken from llev. Jenlsim "Chr
Behold."
HOOK NOTK KM.
"Komunlsm Not Christianity
leen Issued by the American (
Co., Boston. It Is written by K
Itobort Ixive, a finely edi:ated
clergyman of the Anglican churl
Jamaica, West Indies, Tho auth
eeived a university education h
United States; traveled extenslvi
Europe and Asia, and stand very
in the estimation of thoso who
him. Tho book contains 2.V) pages,
sells for 75c, Order from this oft"
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t
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- 1 I
An! im. 1
