THE ALLIANCE - IND '..PENDENT.
THE FARM AND HOME.
VALUABLE POINTS ON THE
MATTER OF PLOWING.
On of tho EMlMt rartt of Farm Work
Th'Delrable 8le Making Com
pott Farm Nolo and
Home Hints. -
Point on Plowing.
Hero aro a few points which if well
carried out make of plowing one of
the easiest as well as pleasantest
parts of farm work. The first thing1
must be a good team one that can
be made to work right toselhor, and
not be half a length apart; team quick
and easy to the bit and that when
you strike a stoae do not either bet
back in the coilar or lunge ahead, but
steadily hold onto their pull on your
plow, buch a learn an this can be
driven as straight as a line can be
drawn. Next to a perfect team comes
a good plow, and in this day one can
not well go amisa for the skill of
manufacturers has given us a first
class plow select of whom you may.
To many and perhaps most farmers
the team and plow in perfection
would seem to be all that was re
quired, and to take the field and go
ahead is all right, and a tine piece of
of plowing would be easily done. . Hut
there are several things yet that if
not heeded would spoil the whole of
the first two points. The manner of
hitching to a plow and how you han
dle it are of far more importance than
all other things combined. A short
time since I saw a farmer plowing,
and to watch his motions one would
.think he was training for a wrestling
match by the positions he toott with
legs and arms. Becoming somewhat
interested I went into his field to see
where the trouble lay, says a writer
in the Country Gentleman. He had
a plow that was mada to cut a furrow
of from 14 to 10 inchea and was
using a set of whiHetrees that had an
evener 4 feet 2 inches long. His
team drawing from a center were
calling for that plow to take a fur
row at least 24 inches wide, and to
avoid this he was running the plow
rooted on to the landscape to keep it
somewhere nea its width of furrow.
Besides, his team were as near the
plow as possible and not hit the
whufietrees with their heels, and to
get the depth he wanted he had
hitched his team next to the
notch of thfe plow clevis, which
his plow on the point at the
move.
Here were two mistakes that if
remedied would make such a differ
ence that this man could step in be
hind the same plow and team and
hardly realize he was doing any work
except to walk along and start in at
th end of his furrow. His opinion of
plowing was that it was the har
work on the farm. To convince
to the. contrary I sawed his evener
down to 28 inches in length, and let
out his traces or tugs two holes, mak
ing from G to 8 inches in length.
This gave us a chance to put the
whiffletrees into tne hole in the plow
clevis that drew from near the lower
side of the beam and still get the
depth wanted. The shorter evener left
his plow to set level to the ground
and tho draft" at plow clevis leveled
it in tne other direction. The look
of astonishment on the man's face
when he cut his next furrow showed
cnmalhinir rf wlmt. ho t.hnnfrht. n.hmit.
a little study on the matter of how to
hitch to a plow.
Here is a good outline for getting'
ready to plow: Measure your plow
jrom tne rear oi moia-Doara to tne
width of land-side this gives width
of furrows it cuts; use an evener
twice the length of this measure. Set
the wheel in notch that gives the
6 depth you want Let your team out
j t .. .1 j i i .i
m uarneas bo mtnr urau unngs me
wheel just fairly solid to the soil and
y'ou are in shape, prG?UJgJ ygjj have
top
put.
first
rdgst
Mm
a good team to do good work easily.
Never attempt to lay out a land to
plow without measuring it off first
and set stakes to line your first
furrows. Make yourself believe if
possible that a straight furrow or a
straight row of corn or potatoes will
grow a better crop and you will soon
become an expert plowman. I
would not plow land and go
around it especially to turn to
left, and with my team (when
the foil is just turned up light and
soft) tread it all down so hard that it
is never harrowed suflciently to make
it mellow like the rest of the field.
Never quit a piece until you have put
the earth furrow up in the dead fur
row. Jn starting a back furrow tho
first two furrows should be cut only
about ono half the depth that you in
tend to plow. This does away with
leaving a ridge across the field; do
the same witu the two sod furrows,
and your dead furrow does not leave
a ditch in the field, and when seeded
down you will have a smooth, even
surface for mowing machine or
Reaper.
The Desirable Size.
Is a large size always deslrableP A
Western writer says: 'Randall said
that carcass is the first point to be
regarded, even in fine-wooled sheep,
for on its form and constitution de
pends the health of the animal" That
whs a very true saying, and. while I
admire large sheep, my experience
baa ben that medium-sized sueep
generally have the best constitution,
and they consume food in proportion
to their size. Then, if three of me
dium size produce as much or more
wool and mutton than two of large
size, do they not pay equally as wellP
1 fear that some of our sheep men are
running wild on size, as they did a
few years ago on folds or wriukles.
Fineness, style, evenness of quality
through the fleece, density and length
of staple, are ail very essential to
constitute a good fleece. It is, and
always has been, admitted by fine
wool sheep-breeders . that a certain
amount of yolk is necessary, and
enough of the white or cream color
to produce a dark surface is very de
sirable, but the yellow or beeswax
gum is very objectionable. Although
a gummy sheep may shear thirty or
forty pounds. I have no use for him.
The real intrinsic value is in the
amount and quality of scoured wool
produced by the sheep.
Miking 'mp:st.
The French farmers have been in
the habit of turning every kind of
rubbish on the farms, and that can
be gathered from any other sources,
into fertilizers for the abundant crops
they produce. And this habit ex
plains why the average products of
those farms are two or three times as
large as those on this side of the wa
ter. Even the brushwood is collected
with the coarse weeds and burned
slowly in heaps covered with earth,
so as to collect the nitrogenous mat
ters contained. Thus the ashes af
ford soluble fertilizer immediately
available, without the loss of the nitro
gen or the otherwise wasted matters.
This is a useful hint to farmers who
are willing to study economy in every
way and make valuable use of every
waste thing around them.
The methods of making a compost
is this: A layer of the materials
gathered is spread on some suitable
place and liberally sprinkled with
lime, Some stable manure is then
spread on this. This acts as the fer
ment to start the decomposition,
which is rapid once it begins. Then
another layer of the coa.se stuff is
spread, and earth from a field or
some place where the soil is rich in
vegetable matter that is partly de
composed, then the lime, and then
the manure. As even a mixture is
made as possible for the purpose of
securing the mutual action of one
upon another, which has been ex-
plained Thjg ft important for tbif
Our Book List.
T Our list of choice literature is made up of the best and most
reliable reform books, by the most noted writers. If you want to
keep posted on the great questions before the American people you
should consult the authorities, We name below a number of the
best books published.
PAPER. CLOTH.
Gen. J. B. Weaver, A Call to Action. A valuable book that
should be read by every one, send for a copy. Cloth and Gold 81.50
Stickney, The Railroad Problem. The greatest sensation of the
year is this great book on the railway problem by a railway
president. Cloth edition has 14 illustrative diagrams $.50 $2.00
Hamlin Garland. Mr. Garland is one of the brilliant writer of
our times, and his pan speaks eloquently in behalf of the toiling
masses. The following are some of his best works:
"Jason Edwards," Treating of Farm and Factory, $ .50 $1.25
'Main Travelled Road,' Six short stories, 50 125
'A Member of the Third House." The lobby in politics, 50 1.25
Ignatius Donnelly, Caesers Column, The book of the century. .50 . i.zd
"Dr. Huguet," Southern story with moral, : 50 l.ta
Opie P. Read. Among American humorists Mr Read stands at
the head, and "as a little humor now and then, is relished by
the best of men" we add two of his books to our list. They s
are clean and pure, and are worthy of a place ia every library.
. "A Kentucky Colonel," 50 1.25
"Emmet Bonlore." A newspaper man, 50 1.25
Copley Square Series, Comprising the following four excellent
books:
"Bond Holders and Bread Winners," King 25
"Money, Land and Transportation," three essays 25
"Industrial Freedom," Four articles irom noted autnors x
"PcQii n TViq Ranlropa ViMlm " Rlnnrl 25
1.25
1.00
1.25
100
1.00
1.00
1.25
Esau, or The Bankers Victim," Bland 2o
Miscellaneous and special.
"Whither are we Drifting," Willey, 50
"The Farmers' Side," Senator Peffer of Kansas,
"The Coming Climax," Hubbard, 50
"The Great Red Dragon," Woolfolk, 50
"Looking Backward," Bellamy, 50
"A Financial Catechism," Brice .50
"A Tramp in Society," Cowdtry 50
"Pizarro and John Sherman," Mrs. Todd 25
"Money Monopoly," Baker..: 25
"Labor and Capital," Kellogg 20
"'In Office," Bogy 25
"Ten Men of Money Island", Norton .10
" " " " " German edition 10
"Geld, Schilling," German edition 10
"Seven Financial Conspiracies," Emery 10
Songs and Music.
"Songs of the People." Gibson. Words only 10
"Songs of the People," Published in sheet music.
send for catalogue and prices. They are number one.
"Labor and Alliance Songster," words only 10
" " " " Music edition 20
" " " " " " " " b'd covers. .25
"Sonsrs of Industry," Howe 25
Parliamentary Guides
"Cushing's" Manual paper .25 cloth .50
"Smith's" Diagram and Rules 50
"Roberts" Rules of Order 75
Any book on this list sent post paid on receipt of price. Liberal discounts
to Alliances or clubs wishing to purchase a library.
We are offering the Alliance-Independent one year, and any 50c book
on the list for only $1.35. Address.
Alliance Publishing Co,
Lincoln, Nebr.,
per doz.
by ex
(( 14
$1.10
2.00
2.50
2.50
NORTH BEND NURSERIES.
LARGE SUPPLY OF
Trees, Plants, Ornamental Trees, Shrubs Evergreens.
Large Stock of Best Old and New sorts of Strawberry Plants.
Forest Trees for Claims) at Low Prices. Write for SPECIAL prices on large orders,
tablished in 1882. Send for price list to NORTH BEM) NUKMKK1 K8,
North Bend. Dodge County, Nebraska.
Es-
Have You Read
"Sights and scenes in Colorado?"
"Sights and scenes in Idaho and
Montana?"
" Sigts and scenes in Utah?"
" Sights 'and scenes in California?"
"Sights and scenes in Oregon and
Washington?"
" Sights and -scenes in Alaska?
This is a set of six books, beautifully
illustrated, full ofrtory and legend as
well as valuable infoamation for the
tourist, published by the Passenger De
partment of the Union Pacific system.
Sent free on application and the receipt
of 2c for each book to cover postage.
J. T. Mastin, C. T. A., 1044 O St.
E. B. SLOSSON, Gen. Agt ,
Lincoln. Neb.
WANTED SALESMEN
n l, Nnrum stru-k Seed and Seed To-
tatoes. Fine opening for a few pushing men at
food wages. Apply quick, stating age. -
.. I MAT aCO.. w-seryman, Florist and
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For Sals by all First-Class Druggists,
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