THEY IUII ELY EXIST.
HARD LOT OF THE WORKING Glf L3
Of SAN FRANCISCO.
Tsl CaatdtUaa II lleltor Thaa Thai al
, TatehT aistatt ia la tut-t Shad.tU
af Udag fcsaaaase fralllag AsUa at
, tka Taala All the AaooML
A philanthropic woman made n ef
fectiv t(evti at charita'd. ij.iCifyti.it.
th other night ihe told of aer labr
among working jrirl in ih east She
drew a drmdtul putnreof the privations
and tntaerie suffered by girls who
worked in the ahojis and factories of tu
eastern it ate. "Here in California."
he aaid, "there ia no such niuwry. llre
food U cheap, wages are high and rent
ia low. The working girl of California
U a fortunate creators."
1 wondered what the working girl of
California thought about it I wanted
to tee if she appreciated the blessing! cf
her glorious condition. So I went to a
nice little working women's restaurant
I know, where there are meal tickets,
fire tickets for five cents. There were
scores of the "fortunate creature"
there, and I asked them a few questions.
When they had answered these ques
tions 1 was not quite so sure as I might
be that the California working girl is
such a forte nate creature.
Girls who work hard for their money
are, as a rule, rather shy about talking
over their earnings. They don't like to
reveal their little economies and their
small self denials. They don't want to
tell what they do with the money they
save.
' It doesn't take much imagination to
guess, though, when you find what their
wages really are. There is not much
shining surplus te squander, even in
California For example:
' "Oh, I get plenty," said a cheery little
girl with cheery eyes and a chirpy little
Toice like a good tempered sparrow's. "I
get four dollars a week. 1 work in a
shirt factory. They pay from sixty to
seventy-five cents a dozen for making
shirts. Its according to how times are,
but I count on four dollars a week, work
ing hard as I can and steadily."
, "Do you live on that?" .
I "Yes."
I "How?"
: "Well, another girl and t room togeth
er. She makes four dollars, too. We
get a room for eight dollars a month."
"Sunnyr
! "No."
i "How big?"
"Well, not very big. Large enough
for a bed and a washstand and two
chairs. Oh, and a coal oil stove. That
sits on a box by the window. We get
some splendid big buns for five cents,
five or six of 'em, and we make our own
coffee. She washes the cups and straight
ens things up while I make the bed.
What is left from breakfast we take to
the factory. If there's any coffee left
we take that and warm it over. Dots of
the girls do that, and then we club, to
gether and have luncheon. This is Mag
gie's birthday, and we came here for a
treat. We took a whole five cents' worth
of tickets and ate everything there is.
We're very rich today, you see. Weget
our dinners for fifteen cents apiece
meat, potatoes and tea. You can get
dessert, too, if you pay twenty cents,"
and the cheery eyes opened wide at the
munificence.
"And car farer I
"Car fare is the worst of all. We live
a long ways out to get cheap rent, and
we have to ride to our work. That's
sixty cents apiece a week. Even then
we have quite a lot left over four dol
lars a month, you see."
I "Four dollars a month to dress onJ"
"Oh, we make our own dresses."
I "When?"
1 "At night We do our washing at
night, too, in our room. We don't wear
starched clothes."
; "How much can you save in a year?''
1 "Save! Never saved one penny in a
year."
"And if you should fall sick?"
1 "Don't get sick; can't afford it That's
a luxury."
. "But if yon should now?
! "There's the county hospital. Some
girls belong to unions that help them if
they're sick. I can't afford that."
! "Here's a schedule for your living ex
penses then:"
Earnings of two girls, for four weeks, at
$4 per week....- $32 OG
1 Cost of llviug for two girls:
Breakfast $0 (15
Lunch 15
Dinner 15
Foroncdiiy $0 35
For four weeks $9 80
Room tor four weeks. 8 (K)
Car faro for four weeks i 80
22 60
Balance to the credit of the two girls at
the end of four weeks $9 40
' "Noi much left for recreation money,"
I Btiggested mildly. The girls btared.
"Recreation money?'
1 "Yes; money to spend for recreatiou,
for amubeineut"
' "Amusement," laughed a tall girl,
"amusement! My greatest amusement
is to fall asleep at the table when 1 go
home at night. I get up at 5:30 'cloclc
every morning. I get breakfast for my
little sisters and myself. Then I walk
down to the factory. The factory is
near First street, and I live way out be
yond Ninth. But street cars are too
slow for me. They make me nervous;
don't they, girls?"
I The girls laughed.
' "Well, I work as hard as I can all day
and get home at 0:30. Then I get din
ner. When dinner's on the table I get
my amusement I fall asleep. Some
times I never wake up till 11 or 12, and
the house is dark, and it's cold, and 1
don't know where I am, and ray arms
ache from the heavy work that's my
amusement."
"Why don t you tell your employers
that you cannot live decently on such
low wagee?"
"Do you know what they would say?"
I "What?"
"There are lots of girls werking in sa
loons on Grant avenue that asked their
employers that question. Go and see
what they will tell you." Annie Laurie
in San Francisco Examiner.
Gutters and Trimmers Strike.
The cutters and trimmers employed
by the wholesale clothiers, D. A. Sahlem
& Co., of Broadway, New York, went
on strike last week in response to mi
order from the United Garment Work
ers oi America, A. F. of L., because the
firm refused to sign an agreement with
the above organization increasing their
wages four dollars per week and to em
ploy only union cutters and tailors.
Wticn the r' "Aonal bureau of labor
statistics was aiablished the annual ap
propriation for its maintenance was
$125,000. Now the appropriation is $175,-000.
MOFE5SI0NAI. WORKWOMEN.
Aa fatlar Wkt Stag aa OM . bat
rl t earfalli Oat at Taita.
The grr at tiKtthk) with a uiijont? l
tha men who writ editorial fur tb
daily pruts en latr maMcr it that tin-?
are nt acquainted with tkw-tr antijrvt.
Cut the uij.'.e:n wt eru-. kn-p
Dp with the rw4 situ. The editor U
Oct satietled with firing in hi news
columns the story of a strike; ! fwls
that he hat to have and rtirrs an
"opinion" on the subject Whil the
dtlur luuif lui.v be wJy a hired man,
and not influenced by personal contort
with the lords of capitalism, the pro
prietor for v.hom La employs hU brain
is generally either a plutocrat or wants
so intensely to be so that ha serves only
Mtrmion his atvond self.
What more natural then for the writer,
who knows nothing of the labor ques
tion or dares not honestly dm the
knowledge if he possesses any, than to
strike blindly in defense of his masters?
John Swinton is credited with having
called the writers on the New York
press "intellectual prostitutes" in an ad
drees before one of their association
some years ago. If what he said was
true then, it is much more so today.
From a recent, editorial in the New
York Telegram I extract the following:
One of the carte of tue country U th bold.
Dots, the insatiablenes and the coarse spirit
too often shown bjr laboring; interest when ia
power in their dealings with capital.
The count si is filled with a class of men wha
make it their profession to atir np this evil
spirit among actual workingmen. The result
of this workmanship Is that it is forcing capi
talists to take measures for their own protec
tion. So far as the Interests of labor are con
cerned. It is killing the goose that lays the
golden egg.
The spirit of trade unionism is growing far
too meddlesome. Labor leader are going be
yond their sphere of usefulness when they
rashly ordain strikes. By the abas of their
right and privilege to go on strike as a last re
tort In the way of protest or remedy against a
manifest wrong, workingmen are infringing
on the right of employers, hampering trade,
fomenting the creation of trusts, driving cap
italists to desperation and involving the whole
commercial strnctnre of society in detriment
and hardship as well a themselves.
There is both ignorance and malice in
the foregoing. Any one can find the
malice; I want briefly to point out the
ignorance.
The reference to officials in labor or
ganizations as "professionals" who make
it their business to "stir up actual work
ingmen" shows an ignorance which is
inexcusable in an age when the method
of conducting labor unions is public
property. It is such persistency in mis
stating facts that every informed person
may know that confuses the minds of
many honest readers and intensifies the
struggles between labor and capitalism.
Public sentiment will remain what it
how is in times of labor troubles an
unreasoning thing so long as the lead
ing newspapers continue their present
course. And just so long will labor re
fuse to respect public sentiment
What are the facts about the "profes
sional" labor men? The officers of the
unions are not self appointed; they are
elected, and I venture the assertion that
the individual members of no other or
ganizations in the world have so much
power in choosing their officers as have
the members of labor unions. And no
other officials serve such exacting mas
ters as the labor officials serve. There
fore, if the "evil spirit" is stirred up, the
unions and not their officers are respon
sible. Every reading man knows that
officials, including committees and walk
ing delegates, do only what they are
ordered by their organizations; that
strikes are ordered on and off by the
members and not by "professionals.''
Nearly every day we read about some
committee referring some matter ia
connection with strikes back to the
unions for instructions.
I have sometimes thought it would be
better for the labor movement if there
was less democracy and more autocracy
in the direction of the organizations'
affairs. But I don't want to discuss that
point now.
Now as to the goose and its golden
egg. I admit the goose, but the egg
hasn't materialized as yet. However,
the editorial simile in The Telegram's
article is intended to convey the impres
sion that organized labor by its methods
or, to quote more closely, its "profes
sors'" methods is doing itself harm in
stead of good. This statement, iu the
face of the truth, which every intelligent
schoolboy knows, is simply ridiculous.
The condition of organized labor, gener
ally speaking, has improved steadily
during the past six or eight years; and 1
cannot refrain from expressing the opin
ion that those trades which have come
nearest to being guided by their "pro
fessional" leaders have advanced most.
The only stumbling block in Hie way
to complete success on all the lines of
unionism is the unorganized element of
labor, and even The Telegram will not
charge the "professors' with stirring
that up. If you want to find the assassin
of the goose you will find him in unor
ganized labor.
To those who would like to see labor
completely enslaved it probably does
appear that ,-tho spirit of trades union
ism is growing far too meddlesome."
But to those who love to see the prod ucers
of all the good and useful things in life
well fed, well clothed and intelligent
trades unionism is the Moses which is
leading labor out of bondage.
The editor of The Telegram has been
reading economics backward. That
accounts for his making trades unions
responsible for trusts. Labor organiza
tions are, in a sense, responsible for the !
formation of associations of employers;
but these are not what is generally un
derstood by trusts. The employers' as
sociations, or such as have been induced
by the action of labor unions, were
organized to fight the unions, and fol
lowed in natural sequence the organiza
tion of the workingmen, who associated
themselves to enforce from individual
employers their rights.
The Telegram's editorial writer serves
his master too well, for he overdoes I he
job. Jos. R. Buchanan.
Phosphate Mine Outrages.
Arthur Breisen, president of the Ger
man Legal Aid society, New York, re
cently wrote a letter to Governor Till
man, of South Carolina, in which he said,
among orher things:
Complaints are made by certain
German immigrants against the treat
ment received by them at the phosjihate
mines at l'on Pon in the county of Col
leton, S. C. The statements made to
our society are to the effect that some
twenty-five Germans, in obedience to an
advertisement i'n one of the Philadelphia
papers, were in December last induced
to go to the Pon Pon phosphate mines
on the representation that they could
earn about $1.50 per day, that npon their
arrival at the mines they were received
by an ariuad guard, which conducted
them to their quarters, the guard carry
ing Winchester rifles and revolvers.
fcEW YORK'S AN IISWEATER LAW.
PrasUlaae af I ha New law Ranlln(
f'fclld 1-aaar asxl Teaasaeat Warksfcaa.
The lull kn.-wn as the "AnhvMrat
Sh.-p bill," which was awd r the List
New York legislature, rwivl t)w gov
ernor's signature after the avasiou ad
journed, and it bow a kw.
It is now illrgal for any mantifacttir
lug eaUUUhuie&t employing Wvitueii
tmdt-r twenty-one or children under
fighters to require or tuff it stu-h em
ployee to work more than tisty hour tn
auy one week or ten hours in one day,
IC it Is dtaired to iiM-rean the hour on
any day or day, in order to make a
abort day Saturday, tha law prettcrrl
contktioiis which the factory inei4ort
tunal enforce.
Xo child uudvr fourteen year of aye
is permitted to work in any uianafac
turing eataUiidiuieut in this state, and
ttoue under aixteta year without atli
divits from parents or guardians a to
the child' ag Definite reflations art
preaorilwd to prevent violations of this
law. The factory insiector are em
powered to demand certificate from
reputable physicians in cases where they
doubt the physical capacity of any child
to perform the duties required.
No child nnder fifteen years old can
be allowed to run an elevator, and none
tinder eighteen where the elevator hat a
speed of over 300 feet a minute.
Stringent regulations are made to pro
tect the lives and limbs of the employees,
both as to stairway and elevator con
t traction.
Section 13 of the law refers directly to
the sweater shops, and provides that no
rooms in tenement houses shall be used
in the manufacture of clothing, furs oi
fur garments, feathers, artificial flowers
or cigars by other than the persons re
siding therein. No person or firm can
employ any one to work in such tene
ment rooms without a permit from the
factory inspectors, after inspection mad
of the premises.
Not less thtru 250 cubio feet of ail
space shall be allowed for each person
in any workroom where persons are em
ployed between 6 a. m. and 6 p. in. Fci
night work, not less than 400 cubio fee
of air space is the requirement for eacl
persen, provided - such . workroom L
lighted by electricity.
Facilities for inspection and super
vision of workrooms by the factory iu
spectors are provided for in detail It
cover any emergency,. and suitable jien
afties provided for every violation of tht
law. Violations of the act are classed
as misdemeanors, with maximum penal
ties of $250 fine and imprisonment foi
not more than thirty days.
The provisions of this new law should
not be confounded with the old ten,
ment house cigar law, which was de
clared unconstitutional. It differs in
this respect, that, while the old law p'
hibited families from manufacturing
the new one only prevents the fami'
from hiring outsiders and turning thi
living room into a workshop.
Against "Kid Gloved" Strikes.
The Engineer, of London, a journal
recognized as speaking from the em
ployers' standpoint, says in a recent
issue, anent the coal miners' strike:
The men refused to permit the pump
ing engines to be kept at work or the
ventilating fans running. Very severe
things have been said of them in conso
quence. But their policy has been sim
ply that of the general who, invading a
country, harries and destroys in order
the sooner to bring his foe to terms.
The miners have been wise enough in
their generation. They do not believe
"in making war in kid gloves." On the
other hand, however, the masters would
be perfectly justified in turning the
miners and their families out of their
houses and taking care that no assist
ance in the shape of money or food or
coal should reach their families. All
this reads brutally enough, but it is not
really brutal. A short lived war, waged
with the utmost rigor, is in the end
much more .merciful in its effects than
lingering campaigns fought with the
greatest precaution to avoid inflicting
injuries on the noncombatants. Noth
ing can be worse for the districts af
fected than a prolongation of the strike.
The direct effects are bad enough in all
reason, but they are not so bad as the
collateral consequences.
Sweating In Mayfalr.
The London News and Post, which
has led the English movement for re
stricting the immigaation of destitute,
aliens into Groat Britain, has discovered
that the "sweating system" in the tailor
ing trade is by no means confined to tht
East End of London. Foreigners, chief
ly Jews, as in Whitechapel, have estab
lished a prosperous sweating business in
the West End, and their foul work
rooms, whore men and women work
long hours for starvation wages, art
largely patronized by the best and most
fashionable firms iu Regent street and
the neighborhood.
A reporter found two men and seven
women at work upon high class goods in
a room 12 feet long, 8 feet broad and 1
or, 8 feet high, situated over stables.
The employer, of course, was a foreign
Jew, and he contracted for the work at
sixpence or eevenpence per hour, fot
which he paid his people twopence oi
threepecce per hour. In other words he
was a sweater of the orthodox East End
type, and the knowledge of his presence
in the West End is calculated to cause a
severe shock to the gilded youth of May
fair and their American imitators, who
contentedly pay, or promise to pay, ex
orbitant prices for their garments undei
the impression that they are mado by
the best English tailors.
The Woman Organiser.
Miss Mary E. Kenney, recently ap
pointed organizer of working women
under the American Federation of La
bor, is at work upon her new duties in
New York city. Miss Kenney has met
with considerable encouragement al
ready, aztd she is confident that many ot
the industries in which women are en
gaged will soon be organized, a condi
tion much needed and desired.
Miss Kenney's method is to get to
gether perhaps a dozen or twenty girls
of a trade. She then talks to them in
her sweet, enthusiastic way of the real
objects of womanhood, and points out
the necessity of their being independent
and industrious. She claims that matri
mony should not be the ultimate object,
because by looking forward to depend
ence upon another, women lose the am
bition to improve their own condition.
She does not oppose sincere natural at
tachments between the young, but be
lieves that too much trifling and shallow
lovemaking exists to permit girh to be
honest and earnest in the desire to eman
cipate themselves.
TRUCK AGAINST HIGH RATES.
tVat L.K. Oaae la trssaalhy wlA she
raraaer' Alllsaae e4 AaUasaaaaatlala.
Tha flrothsrbood of LorotuoUvt En
gineers, la arajuoo to Atlanta, wit into
a ttrikt on Baaday, which was tht most
rvtuarkabU in tom ratpacta i any in
tit history tJ labor.
It did not tit) up tht) railroad, but It
pet on a boycott which completely atop
ped the reveaueoi the company. Within
half an botir from tht tiro tht strike
was ordered tht company capitulated
and the brotherhood was victorious.
Six lulliuan elorpert and two coax-be
loadidw ith weiulart of tht brotherhood
and their familiet and of the aonliarr
left Atlanta r tht K.tat Tenaeaaea for
Bruuswkk. That city was reached at
:3U o'clock. After brwikfa-t StWor aior
of the excursionist took the steamer Oty
of ttruutwick for Cumlterland Island.
Three one mule car were In waiting
to haul the pasnpngert up to the hotel
mile and a half away. I'pon these car
the excursionist ruahed at a beaiegina
atuiy into a surrendered city. Aftt-i
great ttraining and pulling the well fai
mule ttnrted the cars and glided twiftlv
at the rate of three mile an hour along
the track. Half of the crowd were irft
behind. They wera to wait until the
car made tho trip to the hotel and rv
turned. As the day was balmy tho
who were left behiud strolled up through
the beautiful park on the Inland blnfl
overlooking the broad sound.
On rolled the cart adown the iron gin
avenue shaded npon either side by state
ly pines. With a beautiful shiny uiikei
plats bell punch suspended from hisstal
wart shoulders, the conductor of this
three section train proceeded to collect
toll from hi passengers. He rasesKed
each passenger twenty-five cents. Ten
times the little bell jingled and the punch
punched as the archon accumulated
dividends for his company. The elev
enth passenger was a member of the
auxiliary. She handed out a nickel of
the current value of five cents in this re
public. In a gentle, bewitching voice
the conductor informed the lady that
the fare was twenty-five cents.
"But I am not going to Fernandina.
I am only going to Cumberland," she re
plied. "The regular fare is a quarter np to
the hotel," said the conductor.
"I am not paying for aH on the seat
sir," said she, thinking be had made a
mistake.
"Twenty-five cents, please," came
from the conductor.
All the other passengers were getting
interested, and they inquired the fare
from the hotel back to the wharf. They
were informed that it Was the same
twenty-five cents and farther, that the
fare down to the beach and back was
twenty-five cents each way.
"I will walk before I will pay that,"
the member of the auxiliary declared.
She told the conductor to stop the car
and, with the star and crescent throm
bins on her breast, she got off. Every
one else followed her, even those who
had paid their fares. The second car
came up and Bome one shouted: "Every'
body off." All the passengers stepped off ,
and in a few seconds the third car was
emptied. It was all done so suddenly
that the conductors, the drivers and the
mules were nonplussed. They stood there
on the track watching the crowd as it
headed up the road toward the hotel.
Those who had been left hurried forward
to learn the trouble, imagining at first
that there had been a breakdown. The
empty cars stood still, but the excursion
ists passed them upon learning what the
trouble was. It was a long mile and a
half through the sand and the pine straw
to the hotel, but the brotherhood and the
auxiliary were on a strike together and
they were firm. Guests and waiters
thronged the piazzas at the approach of
the head of the column.
An engineer from Louisiana and one
from Mississippi led the march. Some
body officially connected with the rail
way met the engineers upou their ar
rival. When the matter was explained
it was stated on the part of the road
that the conductor misunderstood his
orders. Something h-d been said about
a special rate for this large body of visit
ors and the special rate had been misin
terpreted. The explanation was some
thing like that. Then it was announced
that the excursionists could ride all over
the island and almost as much as they
pleased for thirty-five cents. They did
not treat through a grievance committee.
There was no chairman of a board of
adjustments to handle the grievance,
If Grand Chief Arthur had been along
he would have been only an individual
in that strike. All were on the same
footing going up to the hotel
Finally the cars came in with just
four passengers. Only one was an en
gineer. As he rode up he was greeted
with cries of "Scab." He did not under
stand, for he had retr ined on tl e wharf
to look after the baggage and lad not
seen the boycott
He gave up fifteen cents for his ride,
supposing that his brothers had done the
same tiling.
All day the strike was the topic. The
excursionists had a hot walk, but they
were not mad. The ladies were plucky
and declared that they would walk five
miles rather than pay the fare demanded.
This was the first general strike the
Brotherhood was ever in, and tho dele
gates chuckled all Sunday afternoon ever
its success and the unanimity with
which the boycott was sustained. At
lanta Constitution.
A Chicago paper says there is uneasi
ness in that city over the rumor that the
Swedish servant girls are organizing a
union and will demand ten dollars per
week during the World's fair. Employ
ment agents interviewed denounce the
movement and assert that "the girls are
too well paid now." They get from two
to four dollars per week.
The Plastorers' union, of San Francis
co, which has recently received a charter
from the international union, is grow
ing at an encouraging rate. The strike
on the city hall was settled, and all the
lion now employed belong to the union.
Rev. B. F. Do Costa, of New York, in
a letter to Superintendent Byrnes on the
subject of tho "Social Evil," says: "Cap
ital must be dealt with impartially as well
as its victims. Today capital is forcing
thousands of women into a life of shame.
By starvation wages capital renders vir
tue impossible, and when once the girl
has fallen capital takes her out of the
factory and shop and se'rfds her to the
brothel, which pays enormous dividends.
We all know perfectly well that millions
are invested in houses and furnishings,
and that the capital is as thoroughly or
ganized as though prostitution formed a
legislative industry'."
FARM. FIELD AND GAUDEN.
VALUABLE POINT Or IN FOR
MATIO.N FUN FARMERS.
flaa Statlatlct Disposing of lur
iu Fowl- Cultivating wat
Potatoa Promt of Tim
ber Planting Soma
Hint.
rtaa ttatiatioa.
Pit centu bureau ha just lsue 1 a
bulla in on flai production In this
country, prepared by Mr. flydt, tht
pecUl agent. It thow the total area
of land devoted to th cultivation o(
flai in the I'm ted State in lrSi to
have ben l.SlS.tiyS acre, tli pro
duction of tlax soed 10,250,110 bush
el , the production of liber 211,381
pounds, the amount ot flax straw
sold or to utilised a to have, a deter
minabie value, 207,737 ton, and th
total value of th Max products $10,
430.220. Although flax teed is re
ported from 31 state, Minnesota,
South Dakota, Iowa and Nebraska
prod ueed 80.GM1 per cent of the total
amount, or 1,035,615 bushels iu ex
cess of the entire production of th
United States at the census of 1S80.
Flax is now cultivated almost ex
clusively for seed, and in the old fiber
producing states it 'cultivation is al
most entfrely abandoned. South la
kota had the largest acreage in 1889
and Minnesota th largest production
of seed. Of the states containing 1,000
acres or upwards in flax, Wisconsin
had the highest aver ace yield of Max
seed per acre, 11.42 bushels, and the
highest average value per acre of all
tlax products, $13.30. The average
yield for the entire country was 7.77
bushels per acre. Throughout the
greater portion of the principal flax
producing region flax straw ia of little
or no value, and much of the so-called
fibre is only an inferior quality of tow,
used chiefly for upolstering purpose.
There ase indications, however, of the
revival in tha United States of a linen
industry that will afford a market for
fine flax fibre of domestic production
and revive a branch of agriculture
that has been for many yeans almost
extinct. No previous census report
contained any statistics of tho acreage
in flax of the value of flax product.
Disposing- of Surplus Fowl.
If extra stock ia sold it should be
done in May or June, or deferred to
January. In May the best chick
can be retained for next year and the
surplus sold at a time when the prices
are well np. This applies also to
fowls, as prices are so low in the sum
mer and fall as to make it a matter
of doubt whether they are sold or
given away, if cost of transportation,
commissions, etc., are deducted. Tha
expense of retaining the surplus until
late in the season more than balances
the eggs received, if a large number ot
chicks have been hatched. The best
pru.es are obtained for chicks, and th
largest profits derived when the chicks
are forced intoniarkebin a short time.
Every day they are kept after May
only adds to the cost, while prices are
constantly on the decline until Jan
uary. It is no pain at nil to have the)
prices go down as t-lie weights go up,
but it is a loss of time, however. Tlia
hens and pullets that nre selected to
be kept over for nnwtiier year will
thri e better and give a larger pro
portionate profit than when the sur
plus stock is retained and the fowls
and chicks crowded. From this time
to January those selling fowls will be
fortunate !(. they secure the cost of
the food, but alter Christinas prices
usually advance, and the market is
then never fully supplied. If the flock
is still crowded use the surplus on th'
table for the family.
feeding Pisrs. "
To hae good, stronst pigs, says a
writer in Farm and Home, the sow
should be in good flesh, but not over
fat when the pigs nre farrowed. After
farrowing, the sows must be liberally
fed on corn, bran nndshipstull, or the
oats may be used instead of the bran
nnd shipst ull. As soon as the pigs be
gin to eat, which will be at about
three weeks old, give them a trough
where the sow can get at it, and put
a little sweet milk in it. Give them
but little at a time at first, as what is
left will get sour, nnd not be liked by
verjr young pigs. As soon as the
youngsters get to coming regularly to
their feed, stir in some shipstuff and
bran, with a little linseed meal, in
creasing the shipstufl and bran as the
pigs require. Whole oats is an ex
cellent feed, and pigs will learn to eat
it while quite yenna. It is well to
feed some corn say one-third Ct theit'
feed, ami, if the weather is cold, one
half. To make good growth, pigs
should have about all they can eat,
and if not more than one-third of the
feed is corn, they will not get too fat
to grow well. Feed equal quantities,
by measure, ,oi bran and shipstuf,
made into a thick slop with milk or
water, and feed it before it sours.
Feed corn and oats whole and dry
after the slop. Pi's ought to have a
warm and dry place to sleep; vt must
be dry. To kill lice rub petroleum
where you see nhs. Lastly, don't
expect pigs to grow without liberal
feeding, for that is impossible.
i
How to rati With Poultry.
To fail in the chicken business,
clean your hen house once a year. If
your chickens have lice, let them
nlore. If you can find only one kind
borrow from your neighbor And start
right. If there are any crocks in the
house. 'don't close them, as you may
wish to ascertain what roup and sore
head are. In case the roup appears,
just let it run; it will stopafter a while
and so will the chicken, and then you
can bo.ist that chicken don't pay.
For drink in the summer, keep a cess
pool on linnd; if you have none, by all
means mnko one. If your fowls get
cholera, simply give nothing; perhaps
they will get on all right; can't insure
this but it is a part of how to fail,
says a correspondent of Farm ana
Home, lut your fowls roost in trees,
and if you have no trees put up poles
10 or 12 feet from the ground, as the
higher you get the purer
and colder the air. Again, you need
not pay any attention to th nents;
a
. tw . . i a mi
English Shire Stallions and IJarcs.
To Inteadlog purchaser of this hret i I ran show than ai good a lot of youag
stock trout yearlings up, at thtr U to lb wu
THOROUGLHY ACCLIMATED. LAST SHIPMENT
Their breeding- Is from th best strain ot prix wtnnlnf blood la Eaglaad
coupled with mperlor Individual merit. My imparted mare an superior to aa
la th wost; they ar all safely in foal
All My Stock Guaranteed, and all Recorded
and Imported by Myself.
If yea want a Hackney Stallion. I have at good as wtt aver Imported. Coat
and tee what I bavt tnt, and If I cannot thow you as good stock at any maa wilt
pay your expenses. Priest a low a the lowest. 41-fn
ALLRN HOOT, Stack Aft. Mob. Stat
farmers' AUiaa-a. Offlo ant financial
SHIP YOUR OWN STOCK.
Allen Root & Oompanv,
Live Stock Commission Uercbants,
8oi 34 Eichast B.iMlaa, SOUTH OMAHA, NES3.
Before ru al tend for th market.
mcrca. Patksri Nstlonal Bank. Omaha.
First National Bank of Omaha. 14-tf
Commercial National Bank. Omaha.
Ef Shipper! can draw tlrbt draft on ut for W
WESTFALL COinflSSIOI CO.,
salesman for kutter. ert, cheese and poultry. Keoelrart and Shipper of ear lots M fo
ist oe. applet, onions, har and oabaare. Git at t thart ot rour oanslrnmsnta. Ward tka
n (best markst prloe snd malts pratnpt return, uireotaii oommunioatlont and on rt M
Mtf WCSTFALLCOM.CO., 433 Walnut St., Kanaaa blty, !.
th hens will look out tor themselves.
If on should hatch abroad let her
hover near a pasture so th littls
chick can go out in th dew and catch
the gapes; you then save feed, for they
will not eat for soma time, as it will
require all their time to open and shut
their mouths.
Cultivating Sweat Potato,
A correspondent of th Country
Gentleman oives th foltowing in
structions ia regard to the setting out
and cultivating of sweet potatoes:
"Ojien furrows three feet apart with
a one-horse plow; in these, to
every 100 yards, sow twenty-flvs
pounds of cotton seed meal; then
throw a furrow on top from each side,
leaving it precisely" -as a drill where
you have planted Irish potatoes. On
this top drop your 'draws sixteen
inches apart, and plant like cabbages.
When they cover the ground, let a
boy or woman run a stick under them
and throw them over; this prevents
the runners taking root. . In June,
cut these back or off, making cutt
ings of them eighteen inches long. On
other drills prepared as above, drop
thes. Your men, women and boys
have sticks three or four feet long,
with a notch cut in the end; with the
notched end, shove into the soil this
cutting, placing the notched end
about four inches above the'cut-oS
end of cutting. As the stitch is with
drawn, give the ground a tap with it
as you do In planting cabbages, and
your planting is don. A cloudy day
or wet day is best, and rest assured
you will not lose i per cent of them."
Profit of Tlmbr Plantmg.
A correspondent in Western New
fork gives to the Prairie Farmer the
result of a timber plantation made
seventeen years ago. He , planted
eight acres with European larch on
rough and poor land, worth $50 an
acre, some with steep banks that
could not be plowed. Lately, he has
been cutting every third row. The
growth is too dense for the young
growth which will die unless it is thin
ned. The following is t-hecost: Fifty
dollars an acre, and $25 for. the trees
and planting interest 5 percent and
$3 an acre annually for cultivation,
all expenses have made $208 an acre;
Two thousand trees standing on an
acre are worth 15 cents each for fenc
ing, or $300 an acre. The thinned
plantation is worth with the land,
$108 an acre. If the remaining plap
tation were taken it would give a pro
fit of $02 an acre over and above the
6 per cent. It is but just to add, that
many planters would jiot sueceed as
well because of trees poor and injured
when set, and setting carelessly done,
the soil unadapted, and the Jrees un
cultivated and expected to take care
of themselves.
Preparing- Seed.
At a fanners' institute in Indiana,
Prof. Arthur gave ft new way to in
crease the yield of wh?at and oats 10
per cent irrespective of seed, soil, sea
son or time of planting; method, teak
your seed in hot water, 133 "let-ees.
for five minutes; tnke out dry and
sow. It has bi-en trifl ami iiwver
failed, tho warmth tnke. hold, starts
the starch, nnd makes it feel more
vigorous ntvl quickly. Tim heating
tranxfers tli indigestive, to
digestive thereby tnikinj: it more
ready to t)i'e tip ;i!.tnt food.
A paper was rend on the "Pos
sibilities of an acre of ground in truck
garden n," by Edgar W. Farmer.
He recommended high manuring, and
good thorough cultivation, and double
and treble-cropping. This business re
quires patience, care, skill, knowledge
and experience, stick-to-itiveness ta
make a success.
Every Other Sunday Off.
Rev. Dr. Boyd read a paper before tho
weekly meeting of the Chicago Presby
tery recently in which he declared that
if those who are compelled to work on
the Sabbath would demand every other
Sunday off they would be supported by
every minister in Chicago. He told of
the vice which abounds in the neighbor
hood of the stock yards and how the
men employed there were obliged to
work thirty-six and forty hours at a
stretch in order to earn a living.
7M. BURGESS.
f Blue Valley Stock
CRETE, NEB.
H'gT.
QWO. a. BBOWaT,
Nebraska SaTtaft and Bxehanfl VX,
Central City Hank. Central City, Maa,
per tent of oott. bill f ladlnc attacked.
General Prtduot Mtrahaatt (Ltfal Rsaratanta
tlv f r Kan. AlUanoa.) Special dttartBteat toe
aiaet ant tame, free eoi ttorata and ntsjal
Only $40.00 to Helena and Katun.
The Uwion Pacing will sell tickets
from Lincoln to Helena and return at
one fare for the round trip. Tickets oa
sale June 7 to 14, inclusive, limited to
30 days from date of sale. For any ad
ditional Information apply to
J. T. Mastih. C. T. A . 1044 O St
E. B. Slosson, Gea. Agt. U. P. System,
Lincoln, Neb., ; . ; t ; ?
BOOS, EOOS, BOOS, i
nThlrteen eggs tor 11.35 26 eggs for
2.25 from great big light Brahotas. Also
White Guinea egg 13 for ll.2o Bronaa
turkey eggs 9 lor 13.00. f
Sausfaotion guaranteed- "
Address, Rosa D. Rawd.
Wahoo, Neb.
Subscribe for the Aluakce-Ixdkpkv-dimt,
On dollar per yar
PdseBrbd Pocltht. White Plym
outh Rock. White Games Partridge
Coohlnt. Toulouse Geese, White Hel
land Turkeys, White Guineas, Pekda
Ducks. Eggs In season. Prices low.
W. A. Bates, Jb.,
Fremont, Neb. 86 tf
S. C. BROWN LEGHORNS
CHOIQESrPEK
or
Tterughrfs
Inthtwtatara
itatti.
Bar per let .
tint A U. Sl.50
Express otag' pr
pais waea two
Una are ord
rllehlekiitoe
a light oaae with
WJHIOKOX,
Mention thll i
piper. 11 tf
J. M. ROBINSON
3 L KENESAW, ADAMS CO., NEB.
a
Breeder and thrp-
per of reoerded Po
land Chla her.
Choloebreedlat:
stook far tale.
I Write for want.
Mention Ai.uaito.
r
3
FURNAS Co HERD
BIG BERKS.
'wsvFa-av
Beaver City, - Nab.
Thoroughbred
exoluslveljr,
All a.
Either tex. So"! bred. 8took guaranteed a
represented. Prioo right. Mentlea this
paper. II. 8. WiixiAMtoavProp'r.
ROOFING
GtTM-BLASriC ROOFING FELTjoettt only
2.00 per 1U0 square feel. Makes a root roof
for years and any sne can put It on.
GUM-EL VST1C PAINT cmuoaly SO oeats
per gal. in bbl. lots or 14.50 fer 5-gal. tuba.
Color da -k red. Will stop leaki la tin or Iron
roof that wl I last for yean. .Try It.
Bead stamp f r sam pies and full partluolars.
Gum Elastic RooriMB Co.,
3d A 41 West Broadway, New York.
(9-301 Local Agents Wanted.
Wat-r. Fire snd Wln4 Proof! Anyone esn Apply it.
ChPsnrr Tliaa HIiIiikIm! Wood-Pulp Aphlt Hoof
ing. KnlMIng and KlioatMng Pnprra. Kmjilng Paints
aud material. Clrculr sod gaiuplet tree.
OVBLB
m
At! klodi tkmvm
;lbU edaawlMf.
Irtk-Ls4f
bft J bay, ajssa4
lamp for UltwUtl
PewsUJtCliWta,sCaa
PISTOLS 75 ua5ZJ5ii
FENCING
WIRE RGFE SELVAGE.
a. Alt in x m i-uuiiiat iaauuiut
rniaiMi a&:ux wuru aim rii tt..cuicLa
V
sei- .
dart old In i . :t
be i Si B0 If ,
