VlftXl fCT Tl TAMMtMtT ALLUUCS.
The Song of the Cob.
YUTOB AlXMKCmTt po
tra cf txr Jr't exptriww. Wlta 1
Irca to lit I torn. s ors eerer sec
te that time fillivt Uvlr.f prw one
liav at-lew as S u per tub!5 farmers are
cbliftoeer4f,l'' ftl;n4 tbl
yi nil cob btvc twtn scarce. Tb women
oT Ntbratka 4mind J bit tb coal mine be
'worked la the mlerett of it people.
Very KpKtfttllr
Built Bi-mos,
July Jl,19t. Btoddard, Nek.
With flnren mlftbapea aod reuf k,
A if a demon itrcve,
Iwbu itwrt to unwomanly tma
PtuSSnj cob into Move.
Poke! pokel poke!
Betwixt shriek ana k fob
In a okrout TOtce do rbtff cou.d cboke
Sfce tanf the (one of the cob .
Stuff! ttuff! stuff!
To make tbe morning t ceffee boi.
Poke! poke! poke!
When ike tek ! In the pot,
Ko time for a healthful breath,
Ko time to turn around;
Itll I vntufvr If this IS life Or (Itftth,
Or only lieep profound.
Poke! poke! poke!
Till tbe brain berins to swim.
Poke! poke! poke!
TIU tbe eyes re scorched sad dim.
Bread aid cookies and plea.
Pies and oookles and bread,
Tin into tbe oven 1 stare and atk
If I am among the dttd.
Am I deed and gone to hell
Where an everlasting Ore
Meat be ktpt klive wltb cobs
Just to glut tbe devil's ire?
U the chaff, and dirt, and k'at,
Retribution for seme crime
That o'erwaelaud mjginwarjr soul
On (he mazy shores of timer
Why do I talk of a soul.
That phantom of my youth,
That vanished for want cf a leiiure hour
To feed It on love and truthf
O, love, dear love and truth,
Are ye but things that seem.
I n the tsrrors of a dream J
Toke! poke! 'poke!
Frcm weary chime to chime,
With an unremitting snd steady stroke
As cr!s oat IS five for crime.
Wash, and iron, and bake,
Tiil tbe back is bent and brain benumbed, .
And the heart is like to break.
Pokel poke! poke!
In tbe summer glare and heat.
Poke t poke! poke!
Wken t he wind blows snow and sleek
Pok! poke! poke!
When comes the breath of spring
To twit me of that glorious time
When 1 wu a gladsome thing.
O, for one leisure hour '
And a walk beneath tbe trees,
Where I might breathe tbe violets breath,
And hear the birds and beett
For only one short hour
To feel a I nied to feel
Before 1 knew tbe cobs that are used
In getting a single meat
With fingers misshapen and rough, .
At if a deamun strove,
A woman stood in unwomanly dress
C Stuffing cobs into a stove, j
Poke! pokel poke!
Betwixt a shriek and a sob,
Is a dolorous voice no chaff oould cboke;
In tbe hurry, worry, and heat and smoke,
Ehe sang the song of the cob.
'The ABC of Money."
The following article was rejected by
both the A? and World- fferald Those
papers do riot want able article from
laboring men on economic questions.
' wTOK Alliance.
Omaha, Neb., June 25, 1891.
Editor OmaiU Bee: I see you have
reproduced six columns of Andrew
Carnegie's papor on "The A B C of
Money," and you teem pleased to call it
"remarkable." The ability displayed
in the article is ef a high order, but it
is considered remarkably unsound by
thousands of voters in the western and
middle states, regaidless of party, and
I trust you will allow your readers to
hear a few words on the other side of
this most important question from a re
publican who sees the money question
through different glasses.
Mr. Carnegie's millions of money in
the employment of labor in this conn
try was acceptable, and to the extent of
increasing the home market for our pro
duce we fully appreciate the gentleman.
But when he proposes to educate the
toiling millions of this country to be
lieve that "money is the basis of all val
ties," and "that gold should be that ba
sis or standard of value, " he has com
menced thirty years too late, as the
powerful gold speculators tried the
same thing many years ago when the
four hundred and fifty million dollars
of greenback treasury notes were issued
without a dollar of gold as a basis,
which, together with three billion dol
lars worth of bonds, also without a gold
or metal basis of any kind, saved the
nation In time oi its greatest peril. The
hard money men then denounced that
money as worthless rags, but those
same rags made thousands of them im
mensely rich, because it had a much
better basis than gold-Mhe untold agri
cultural, mineral, commercial and man
ufacturing wealth of the west, the most
prolific nation on earth at its back as a
basis. .. ".'
Thousands of people of the United
States got all they wanted of a "gold
standard" of value when our only mon
ey was robbed of two-thirds its value by
the gold, gamblers and speculators of
Wall Street, who ought to have been
bang to the first lamp post, as traitors
to their country, and their gold confis
cated. We got aL we wanted of a "gold
standard" of value when these three
billion dollars of bonds were sold for
thirty and forty cents on tbe dollar,
bought with treasury notes depreciated
by the same "standard of value," by the
game gang of thieves. These same
bonds, by law "payable in lawful mon
y ol the umeta state," winch was
then gold, silver and paper, was by the
name "gold standard" gang, so amend'
ed and changed as to be paid, both
principal and interest, in gold.
Brother Carnegie does not tell your
readers that be was paid thirteen dol
lars per month for his services while
fighting the battles to save the life and
unity of the greatest and best nation on
earth, in money only worth thirty-live
eesta on tbe dollar, all on account of
iia -gold standard" of value, but thon
Msda of battle scarred veterans can,
who
will talk or write such nonsense.
Most intelligent citizens of all par
ties in the United States now consider
money simply a medium of exchange,
represe atative of value, not value itself;
and that the general government alone
should "coin all the money and fix tbe
value thereof;" not that some gold or
silver owners or broker should fix its
value; also that the money should be
gold, silver and piper of the same val
ue, to suit the different commercial or
trade interest, and all nietalic currency
should coctiin sufficient alloy to pre
vent it being recast for manufacturing
purposes, jewelry or any other purpose
than money.
Most people kave lost all faith in a
specie basis policy, ana Geneve mej
micht as well use the basis as the issue,
and that the eovernment shculd create
enough money to do tbe entire business
ol the country vitnout oeing compel eu
to borrow of foreien capitalists. We
micrht as well pay the interest to our
own government, on the same security,
as to pay it to me oanaera in r-uruyc.
It is an undisputed fact that a lanre
part say at least two-thirds of all the
money in use in this country by
railroads and other corporate interests,
as well as many large farm mortgage
loans are held in England, France or
Germany. It is now time the United
States substituted money for her bonds,
and coined sufficient money to pay off
all these enormous loans, and lei the
people who use this money pay inter
terest for it to the government, instead
of compelling the people and the gov
ernment to longer pay interest to Eu
rope and be owned ana controlled oy
her to that extent. .
If this government was not a republic
where every citizen is a sovereign vo
ter and a part ot the general govern
ment, or was such as some of our sister
South American republics, whose gov
ernment changes at nearly every
change of the moon, we could see some
good sense in naving our money ui
such material that it could be sold for its
commercial value in any country to
which we might flee for refuge, but
such npt being the case silver and pa
per is and should be the money of the
minions as an exenange meuium.
Mr. Carnegie very truly says: "The
money question is the most pressing of
all questions now before the American
people, ana me more u is uisciuucu
From a single standard gold basis stand
point the more popular will be the now
almost universal demand for free and
unlimited coinage ot silver, and suf
ficient treasury notes of small denomi
nation to take tbe place of all bonds
and substitute all foreign loans, so that
our entire people may be truly free in
every sense o(th Her id, and indepndent,
liaancially, of all nations of the earth.
Our powerto redeem Is unlimited, but
unless our government uses ber con
stitutional rights to "coin money and
fix tbe value thereof suuicient to re-
relieve the constantly increasing de
mand for money for the last twenty
years, the greater part of all our most
vaiuauie property ana securities win
soon be owned by foreign capitalists,
which would be greatly deplored by
every true American citizen, regard
less of oartv. business or proiession.
Speaking of silver coinage ana silver
certificates Brother Carnegie says:
How long tbe government can con
tinue issuing four and one-half millions
more ol these notes or coins every
month and keep them equal to gold too
body can tell." From present indica
tions it does not require a prophet to pre
dict that it will be as long as sixty mil
lions of people ol the united Mates
cultivate the soil, operate mines, fac
tories, railroads ana employ labor or
purchase the products of labor, and un
til our generous government coins sn
ficient to do the entire business of the
country and enable :he people to pay
all the debts they owe to foreign capi
talists, because our prolific conntry
produces more of what the world wants,
must have and purchases with their
gold and silver than any other nation
on earth, which makes our government
the vest able to redeem, ana lurnibues
the most valuable basis for money an
exchange medium of any government
or people under the sun.
He also says: "But then, remember,
any government will soon exhaust its
credit if it continues to issue as money
anything but what has intrinsic value
as metal all the world over." If this is
true how does he account for the fact
that United States bonds, with compar
atively no intrinsic value, with no metal
basis, worth a premium of twenty
four and twenty-six cents on the dollar,
and why is national bank money.also of
no value beyond the "fiat" of tie gov
ernment, based upon a "fiat" bona of
the same government, with no specie
reserve for either, worth as much as any
gold dollar of any nation on earth? And
why is u mat me green oacis treasury
note, with no value beyond the stamp
upon it, is worth as much as gold in any
country, and the credit of this nation is
belter than any civilized nation on
earth The same answer, and only an
swer to this problem is a solution to the
great question of the value of any mon
ey other than gold, which is and always
. M US U 'PL 1 !
nas oeen scarcp aim mu. auo pmiu
reason why any promise to pay of the
United States or anything she may
create as money is good, is because
every dollar of resources of this entire
nation, oi mexnausuoie agricultural,
mineral and manufacturing wenlth, and
all the labor and products of labor is the
basis of all promises of the government,
and everv true and loval American is
eadv and willing to take it at one hun
dred cents on the dollar for his produce,
labor or anything the world wishes for
its redemption, and should resent as an
insult and a high crime against this na
tion any attempt to depreciate the value
of any 6f our currency.
Another strong argument in iavor oi
a largely increased volume of money by
the government, is the immense Increase
of our population from immigration, say
nothing oi our natural increase, over
seventeen thousand people arriving in
one week at the port oi rew lorit
alone, say nothing of the arrivals at
hundreds of other ports of this and ad-
Joining countries, whose final destina
tion is the V nueu Mates, i nis immense
multitude must be employed, fed and
educated, and with the present depres
sion in business and want of money
among the masses, with which to em
ploy labor, it does not require a philos
pher to foretell the result if the general
government does not in the near future
create more money and deviso some
legitimate and honorable means of plac
ing it in the hands of the people without
being compelled to pay 10 per cent per
annum and as high as 2 and 5 per cent
per month, as thousands of our most
worthy, industrious and frugal citizens
are now doing, as a direct .result of
Carnegie's standard theory.
Trusting that Mr. Carnegie, with all
his "remarkable" ability, may not be
able to make many converts to his
"single standard" "gold basis" fallacy,
we remain, as ever,
- Thine for finance reform,
. (iIOKQE W. BeEWSTEK. .
A Go4 Chance.
That surpassingly smart Washing
ton man who swore that be was worth
between "five and six thousand dol
lar," stands a good chance to live in
the penitentiary between five and six
thousand vcara for b .s little joke.
and still feel like killing a man
THE FARMERS ALLIANCE,
SIGNIFICANCE OF THE NEW
UTICAL PARTY.
PO-
Gov. Sylvester Pennoyer, of Oregon, in
tbe North American Review for
August.
Is there a necessity for a new political
party in OHr government at this timet
The answer is plain, and it will spring
simultaneously from the lips of every
honest man. There ii a necessity for a
uew party if there Tie flagrant govern
mental abuses which are unnoticed and
popular demands for justice which are
unheeded by the existing political or
ganizations. Are there such? Let the
records answer.
CHANGE IS THE FISCAL 61 STEM DE
MAKUF.D. It is upon the trend of its financial
policy mainly that the new party re
spinds to the recessity of tbe times and
complies with the demands of the peo
ple, and it is therefore of the most ur
gent importance that such a policy
should be entirely unassailable both as
to its justice and its practical operation.
The demand for an entire change in the
fiscal system of the government is wide
spread. It has been occasioned by tbe
flagrant injustice of the present system,
and by the Impoverishment of tbe many
for the enrichment of the few which is
the legitimate result of its operations.
in the nrst place, therefore, the cur
rency which is proposed to be issued
should be based upon a perfectly secure
ana imperishable foundation, ana should
be a lega'-tender for all debts, public
and private. Such a basis can onlv be
furnished by the real property of the
country. To accept personal security.
or any other security than the improved
real property of the countrv, would Ue
to hazard the loan; which tbe govern
ment, in the interest of tbe whole peo
ple, poor as well as rich, cannot iustlv
do. There can be no better or safer se
curity for a government loan than the
real property of the nation. If the loan
is placed upon such property atone half
or one third of its real value, it is as se
cure as the government itself, and the
currency based upon such a loan is as
good as a government bond or gold and
silver.
AN OREGON EXPERIMENT.
Tho main argument against snch a
policy is based upon its supposed im
practicability. This has been answered
by stu bborn facts. The state of Oregon
has now more than $3,000,000 of school
money loaned out upon the improved
farm property of the state. The amount
of the loan is fixed at one third of the
fairly appraised value of the farm. The
entire management of tbe loan is con
tided to tbe state school land board,
consisting of the governor, secretary of
state, anil state treasurer, and is with
out any cost to the state other than that
involved in the salaries paid to the mem
bers of the loard for their entire official
duties, amounting in all to3,800per
annum. Tbe applicant pays for the ex
amination of the title to his laud and
its appraisement by the attorney of the
board for the county in which the land
is situated. The machinery is perfect
and comparatively inexpensive, and the
security the best in the world. The
loans for the whole state are made by
the state board at the capital, and the
distribution of funds throuirfcout thd
state is fairly made. This system has
been a blessing to Oregon farmers, and
it may be a blessing to the farmers of
the whole country by demonstrating the
entire feasibility of loaning government
money upon the improved real property
of the country.
GOVERNMENT LOANS.
The next question of importance
evolved by the proposed financial system
is: How shall the money be procured
by the government for making such a
loan? If required, it could and would
oe procurea as it was in order to carry
on the late war, but the amount to be
provided would to a great extent de
pend upon the exact conditions of the
nscai policy to be established.
ii me loans were made to the people
upon improved real property at a rate
not exceeding four per cent, and the
currency for such loans, as well as -gold
and silver, was changeable at will into
government treasury notes or bonds,
bearing interest no5 exceeding three
percent, the result would undoubtedly
be that the issuance of lot nearly so
muoti currency would be required as
wouiu oe ii no such provision tor fund
ing ii was made, inasmush as investors
in government securities would largel
furnish the required amount. If a do
icy be adopted of changing the currency
into bonds, and the bonds into currencv.
at the will of the holder of either, under
me necessary restrictions, the whole
financial business of the country could
be adjusted to the nrouosed' svstpm
without any greater enlargement of the
voiume oi me currency of the country
than its actual business requirements
demand. Such a policy would place
the currency of the nation upon the
safest foundation possible, and would
entirely preclude those extremes of con
traction and expansion so hurtful to
business interests; for, if there should
be in circulation more money than could
be advantageously used it would seek
investment in government securities.
while, if there siould be an urgent need
for more, the bonds would be changed
iuio currency.
lhe plain alternative nresenrnri to
tLat class, and to the whole people of
mis country, so far as our financial svs
tem is concerned, is reform or revolu
tion. And whatsoever party shall bring
suout me neeaea reiormation in the
fiscal policy of the government will se
cure the favor of a just God and the
support of a grateful people.
When the cities, as a rule, own and
manage their water-works, lighting
plants, street railways, ferries and tele
phones, as they might very speedily do
if organized labor threw its voting
power into the scale and co-operated
heartily with the nationalists, a vast
army of working men and women would
be placed outside of crushing and dej
grauing competitive conditions, and te
in a considerably better position as re
gards general conditions of service than
employes of private corporations or in
dividuals. This object lesson would
have its effect in strengthening the de
mand for better conditions andlevelling
up wages, atid giving a greater impulse
to the movement for public control.
The result would be that many busi
nesses now considered entirely beyond
the scope of public management would
be undertaken by municipal bodies, and
the status of the employes materially
improved. Journal of Knights of Labor.
Poor Fellow.
He "Life with me has been a fail
ure." She "You must bave had und
wasted some opportunity." "No; I
have spent half my life raising whisk
ers to conceal my youth, and the other
half dyeing them to conceal my age."
Munsey'a Weekly.
LINCOLN. NEK. THURSDAY, AUGUST
Talk on Nationalise.
By Edward Bt-uaosy in Tbe New Nation.
Mr. 8ai!tb who eat jo'ned tbe Nationality,
meeti a ravorab'y DKpoeec Perwn, who.
bowever, wou .d like to bave lets said
about making everybody economically
equal.
Smith Why don't you join ust You
seem to be favorably disposed toward
Nationalism.
F. D. P. Yes, I don't mind saying
that I am. In fact, between you and
me I'm getting to be a pretty good na
tionalist. Tbe truth is, according to the
way things are going now, I don't see
anything, unless it be nationalism, that
is going to save the cjun'.ry from ever
lasting smash within ten years. There
is one thing I'm not quite ready for
though, and I think you would be wise
if you did not make it quite so promi
nent in your propaganda.
S. What is that?
F. D. P. Your doctrine of economical
equality, that is to say, that the provi
sion made for all is to be the same. A
good many, like myself, are quite ready
to go in for the other features of nation
alism, but are not prepared for this
S. Of course not. Nobody is. I am
sure you never beard a nationalist ad
vocate the application of that principle
under the present industrial conditions.
It necessarily presupposes the complete
nationalization of industry, and can on
ly be fully introduced when that has
been accomplished.
F. D. P. But why should it be intro
duced at all? Why should it be regarded
as a necessary feature of nationalism?
8. It ought not to be very difficult to
make you see that. What is it we na
tionalists propose? We ask a republi
can nation to substitute for the present
individualistic industrial system, a na
tional partnership for the organization
of industry an-i the distribution of its
products. Now these people are already
political copartners, and as political co
partners they are asked to ordain, es
tablish and continuously to maintain the
proposed industrial partnership, which
must rest upon thepolitical organization.
As political copartners they are equals
Is anybody so exceedingly simple as to
suppose that these equal political part
ners will consent to become parties to
an unequal industrial partnership.
Look at it another way. 'Nationalism
proposes that the national organization,
hitherto merely political, be extended
over the industrial field. Tbe principle
of the national political organization is
one of absolute equality; is it likely that
in extending the national organization
its fundamental principle will be aban
doned? Why, my dear fellow, there
are many ideas on the oisible develop
ments of nationalism, on which there is
room for difference of opinion, but as to
Its being characterized by an equal law
of service and an equality of distribu
tion, there is not the slightest. That
equality will be the law of the new na
tion is predeterm'ned by the fact that it
will be the woi k and will of a people
who are already political equals.
F. V. P. That is a ,oint I had not
thought of. You claim, then, that quite
apart from any questions whether or not,
philosophically speaking, economical
equality ought to be the law of nation
alism, ft must be so, owing to the pre
existing and predetermining political
conditions in this country.
a. mat is precisely it. lhe trouble
with the people who object to economi
cal equality as a feature of nationalism
is that they approach the subject from
the point of view of the socialists, which
is European and suggested bv European
conditions, instead of from the point of
iow ui luo uiiijuunusis, wiiiuu is Amer
ican and suggested by American condi
tions. According to the socialists, the
coming order win be chiefly a result of
social and industrial evolution as dis
tinguished from political and national
evolution. Granting the accuracy of
this view, the coming social order might
cuut.-ei aui v ue variously organizea as
to tne principle oi equality. .National
ists, however, declare that theevolution
of the new order, while affected and
promoted by social and industrial evo
lution, is primarily a political and na
tional evolution, the first step of which
is logically 109 establishment of a polit
ical republic, with the subsequent ex
tension to the industrial organization of
society of the principle ot equality al-
reauy esiaonsneu m tne political organ
ization. A new industrial system
emerging directly from an aristocrati
eal or monarchial society might recog
nize and perpetuate inequalities; butes
tablished by a republican nation, it must
be fojnd' d upon the principle of equal
ity. Thtrefore, whnher ornotecoaom
ical equality should characterize social
istic regimes which might be established
in Europe, it mus: inevitably be the
foundation of any new industrial system
established in America. In one sense,
there would be no objection to dropping
the talk about economical equality as
the goal of nationalism; it woull not
make a particle of difference about the
result. But in another and men im
portant respeot, it would be suicidal, for
it would kill the soul of nationalism,
which is the principle of human brother
hood, the enthusiasm of humanity.
F. D. P. That's very pretty; but is it
fair? After ail, should a man not have
what he produces, even though it means
that some have more than others? Jus
tice before generosity,
S. By aU means, justice. 'There
never yet was any generosity, for no
man ever gave or could give all he owed.
We owe all we are. Has not a mother
a right in ice strength of her son, and
if a mother, then has not the great
mother-humanity-an infinitely greater
right? Jt makes me laugh to hear a
man who is himself a product, claiming
that he has a right to all he produces,
and to notning more. If that be so, he
has no right to himself. Uis phrase
shuts his own mouth. The only wav a
man may excuse himself for enjoying
this esrta ana nis own-ine is oy the per
petual tribute of a social duty measured
only hy his guts.
F. D. P. I will not say you are not
right. I know in my heart that you are;
in fact, your whole talk is a gross pla
giarism from the New Testament. Eut 1
am pretty conservative; in fact, it is my
conservatism which, in face of the pres
ent ruinous tendency of business, has
made me a nationalist, and I confess
that the idea of a universal economic
equality is rather startling.
S. You must remember that it is no
more f.nd probably less startling to you,
than the idea of the right of all men to
an equal share in political administra
tion was to your great grandfather.
The world's precedents, save here and
there a brief and ill-starred experiment,
had been of kingly right and aristocratic
leadership. Now, suddenly it was pro
posed that men should share power
f qually, the sage with the ploughman,
the wealthiest with the poorest, the
warrior with the cripple, the lord of a
thousand acres with the humblest ten
ant. Your present scare ought to en
able you to sympathize with your an
cestors, for really that experiment was
far bolder than this. And yet. who
wonld wish it retracted? Even as you
laugh at the terrors of your ancestors,
in presence of tbe spectre of political
equality, will our children laugh at the
alarm of their parents at the advent of
equality in the social sphere.
THE YEAR OF JUBILEE.
tt la Co mint at It Caate Befor la the
Tear 10.
Indeed, the year of jubilee is at
band. The Ilebrewa held their year
of jubilee every fifty years, but in thia
case it seems to be fifty-two years from
1840 to 1892. In 1840, the farmers
and other producers held a session of
jubilee, aa a protest against the wire
pulling and extravagance of the Van
Buren administration, and the result
was. Van was laid on the shelf, while
farmer Harrison, from Tippecanoe, was
triumphantly elected. And now, again,
in 1892. the signs are rotten ripe for a
repetition of those stirring times, when
log cabins Rrose like mushrooms in the
nipht, and hard cider flowed like
water. la 1840, the great issue waa
between the common people and the
extravagance, wire-pullinjr, bossism
and general corruption of those in
power. In 1892, there is, addea to
all these, the most gignntic system of
paternalized corporate ' oppression up
on the common people, any nation
ever witnessed. Indeed, all signs
point to more than a repetition of the
campaign of Tippecanoe and Tyler
too." Then a real farmer lead the
hosts of freemen to victory, 6o now a
real fanner with hayseed in his hair
must be called from the plow, like
Washington and Putman in tbe Amer
ican revolution, and Cincinnatus, the
Roman farmer, to hold aloft the ban
ner of "equal rights to all and special
privileges to none."
The women, in their constant at
tendance upon the meetings of the
Alliance throughout the length and
the breadth of the land, are becoming
well informed and well drilled to take
thoir places in the ranks of this great
nrmy of veteran toilers who. like the
Athenian ho6ts under Miltiades on the
plains of Marathon, will drive the
corporate combines of Persian pluto
cracy from the shores of Columbia's
soiL
Among the records of history are
found great Beiges and contests, like
the seige at the gates of Thermopylae,
the battles of Hastings and Waterloo
fought either in defense of country or
in the interest of conquest yet, when
considered in the light of the enorm
ity of the conditions to be removed,
end in the far reaching benefits that
will accrue to the living and to pos
terity to come, this great contest of
ballots in 1892, if successful, will
eclipse the grandest victories found
within the cycles of antiquity.
And. now, what can be said to arouse
the enslaved of America from their
despondent indifference to the impend
ing woes that await them? We shrink
with horror from the cruel edict of .1
Pharoah to kill all male infants lest
the Israelites should overrun his king
dom? Was that more cruel than that
the infants of to-day should be doomed,
in their youth, to a life of servitude,
in which their tender bodies are to be
worn out to enrich the office of manu
facturing barons? As Moses raised up
the brazen serpent in the wilderness,
that all who were bitten by poisonous
reptiles might look to it and bo saved,
so men brave and true, raise up the
demands of the oppressed everywhere,
that all may look to them as a sure
avenue of escape irom plutocracy s
evils.
Maria Theresa Empress of Bohemia
and Hungary, after being banished
from the capital of Vienna, fled to her
Hungarian subjects, and holding up
ber infant son before them, said:
'Abandoned by my friends, persecuted
by my enemies, attacked by my near
est relations, and having no other re
source than in your fidelity, in your
courage and my own constancy, I com
mit to your care tBe son of your king
who has no other safety than your pro
tection." V ith one voice they ex
claimed: "We will die for our Queen."
American freemen, tbe infants of our
land, born and unborn, who must in
herit the evils you complain of unless
they are removed, are committed to
your care. Will you act in this crisis?
Will you put on the armor now? May
God help. E. IL Belden in National
Economist
Be AIHancemen or Quit.
There are a few men in cur state,
perhaps one or two in each county,
and sometimes more, who have never
been in sympathy with the Alliance
and have never considered it other
than a kind of agricultural society,
who although some of them are taking
advantage of the organization to light
into petty offices; they are always
whining that we should not get into
politics. These men have never been
in harmony with the reform move
ment which we had, but are in the
way of everything like progress in the
order, and whenever on effort is made
to take a positive stand upon the Alli
ance platform, they will immediately
cry out that we will interfere with the
Democratic party. To this we say
either be an Allianceman or get out of
the way. You are not only a reproach
to the organization, but you are in the
way of this movement, which is des
tined to reform this country, from the
power of money to oppress. The Alli
ance must be a unit, and the man who
will not go with tho majority of his
Alliance brethren, and having opposed
a movement in the sub-Alliance, and
will not abide by its decision, is un
worthy of the name of Allianceman,
and should be put out of the ranks.
There are sub-Alliances in Georgia,
who are not afraid to turn such ren
egades out of their ranks, and in
many cases these men have a number
of friends who will not follow them in
anything, but who like th' too well
to turn them out of the ordor. When
ever this is the case, and it becomes
known to . the country Alliance, the
lodge should be suspended by the
county Alliance until it purifies its
ranks. We can better afford to fight
a thousand on the outside of the order,
than one on the inside; and yet these
emmissaries are the people s enemies,
and are in our ranks, the brethren are
afraid to turn them out because they
hate to offend a few good people. We
believe that the Alliance is the only
hope tor this country, and thia hope
should not be crushed in any such way.
Purify your ranks; have either Alli-
ancemen or none, Southern Alliance
Farmer.
The Thedford, Neb.. Tribune: The
people are no longer interested in par
ty for party success or party suprema
cy, but they are more directly inter
ested in that party, without regard to
its name, that is advocating measures
that are favorable to their own material
interests.
13. 389.'
SCIEXCE AND rEOGRESS.
INTERESTING DISCOVERIES
MEN OF SCIENCE.
BY
lhe Rapidity of Electricity Foreign
Electrical Talent In America
A Paper Hotel Irides
cent Clasa Scien
tific Notes.
Foreign Electrical Talent In Amer?
lea.
The manner in which this country
draws to itself tbe most progressive
spirit in electrical work was strikingly
shown a week or two ago at Columbia
College in New York, when the brilliant
young Montenegrin, Nikola Tesla, con
ducted his extraordinary experiments
with alternating currents of high fre
quency, before an audience that com
prised the very flower of the electrical
engineering profession in this country.
The occasion was one that will never
bo forgotten by any of those who
participated. Briefly summed up, it
may be said that Mr. Tesla showed
how incandescent lighting could be
done with lamps connected by only
one wire, and even without any con
nection at all, so that if, for example
a lamp were simply carried into a
room or merely laid on a table it
would nt oncelight up. Many of these
cxp?riments were neccessarily conduct
ed in darkness, and it was a fascinat
n, uncanny spectacle as this tall,
ispare mountaineer from the utmost
confines of eastern Europe wield
ed these lamps and long
glass tubes that - - lit - up
brilliantly in some positions with
the Hashing splendor of big fireflies or
summer lighting, and ns quickly fad
ed out cn being held beyond the
sphere of magic influence tho lecturer
all the while seen only by their fitful
glow just like a necromancing philoso
pher of the middle ages standing over
his boiling caldron. These experi
ments by Tesla carry us many leag
ues beyond the point reached amid
ininien.se applauses by Prof. Hertz in
Germany, and Dr. Lodge, in England,
and yet are the unaided work of a
young man who came to America
only four or five years ago, content
to earn a few dollars weekly by his
skill as an electrician. What added,
moreover, to the interest of this uni
que occasion was tho fact that this
eagle-eyed youth held his audience
spell-bound for more thnn three
hours and spoke throughout m
English of the utmost clearness and
purity, expressing the very latest and
most subtle ideas in electrical science
in words and phrases that cut out
their meaning just as sharply as
though they had been one of those
keen-edged fighting knives for which
there are more than one hundred de
scriptive words in Mr. Tesla's native
tongue. These experiments by Tesla
are now creating the greatest excite
ment in electrical circles m Europe,
and prove that this country has de
veloped another transplanted genius,
who is destined to open up new neids
of electrical industry and bids fair to
stand with Morse and Edison and
Bell. .
The Rapidity of Electricity.
Philadelphia scientists are making
arrangements to determine how fast
the electric current travels. An ex
periment will be made from the
Franklin Institute, over the Atlantic
cable, to Liverpool and return. A re
cent test would seem to show that
electricity is slow compared with light,
being able to get along at something
like 400,000 miles a minute, while
light has a 1,000,000 mile a minute
gait. But scientists ara not satisfied
that electricity is the slower of the
two. The most recent experiment
waa tried at McGill College, Montreal,
says the Philadelphia Record. The
current was transmitted in Montreal,
was transferred to the cable at rsew
foundland cable station by means of
Thomson's mirror galvanometer, sent
across to the station at Liverpool, and
returned to Montreal by the same
method. The distance traversed,
partly by overhead wire and partly
tiy cable, was 8,000 miles. From the
time the current left the key in Mon
treal until it returned to the receiver
in the same office just 1 second and
l-20th of a second had elapsed; but
the conditions were not as good as
they might have been. The rapid
ity with which the current travels
over short wires with no delay indi
cated unlimited possibilities in the
direction of practical tests. Prof.
Marks, of the Edison Electric Light
Company, is authority for the asser
tion that if the globe was encircled
with a continuous cable a current
would travel the entire distance in a
trifle over 3 seconds. At this rate a
current would travel to the sun, cov
ering the entire distance of 90,000,000
miles, in three and a half minutes.
Ether.
Mr. S. Tolver Preston, in assuming
that the ether is the ultimate source
of all physical motion, has attempted
to calculate the quantity of energy
contained in a cubic foot of space fill
ed with ether, and arrives at the con
clusion that it amounts to 10,700
foot tons, that is to say, the energy
required to raise the weight of a ton
to a height ot 10,700 feet, orconverse
ly, that required to lift 10,700 tons
to the height of one foot. Similarly
the energy stored in 2H cubic feet of
ether is equivalent to that of a rail
way train weighing 300 tons, and run
ning at a speed of 00 miles per hour.
In arriving at this result lie only as
sumes that the particlesof ethermove
with the velocity of light, and that the
density of the ether may be taken as
one five-millionth of the density of the
atmosphere. Given these conditions,
which are consistent with what we al
ready know of the ether, that medium
must exert a pressure on matter im
mersed in it of 500 tons per square
inch. It is only by the perfect balance
of this enormous pressure all around
that matter is not immediately de
stroyed. This fine adjustment of
pressure conceals the etheric energy
from the evidence of our senses; but
when the balance of pressure is slight
ly upset we are able to. observe the
pert urbation, as in the lightning flash
and thunderstroke, or in the ignition
of an explosive.
Iridescent Glass.
Examples of ancient Cyprian glass
ware are noted for their gorgeous iri
descence, surpassing in brilliancy ol
color anything ever produced by arti
ficial means. Bo far as is at present
known, this effect can be produced
only by the corrosive action of the
air and moisture of the soil in which
these objects have been buried for
centuries. A microscopical examina
tion of this glas shows that the Eur
face is covered with exceedingly thin
transparent films formed by matter
dissolved from the glass. The body oi
the glass is pitted over its entire sur
face with minute cavities, which are
circular, elliptical, or oblong in out
line, and either spherical, ellipsoidal,,
or cylindrical in respect to their con
cai'y, and the films conform to the
p:'u Burface of the glass. These
films, of which there are many super
posed, are so thin as to float in air
like down when detached. They de
compose the light by interference due
to rejections from the front and rear
surfaces of the film, and give to-witr
the gorgeous play of color. Iron.
Clow Lamp Flla ments.
The filament of the electric glow
lamp deteriorates after a time, thus
causing a diminution of the candle
power and finally its displacement.
To remedy this, two processes, both,
hailing from Germany, have been in
vented. The first consists in the use
of chromium, which is deposited on.
the carbon filament either by electro
lysis or by a chemical method. The
inventor claims that the melting point
of the chromium is 60 high as to resist
the temperature of the electrical cur
rent and to greatly increase the life of
the filament. The other inventor em
ploys the nitrides of silicon or boron
for the same purpose. The filament
is heated to incandescence in an at
mosphere of volatile silicon or boron
compounds and volatile nitrogen
compounds, when the heat reduces
them and forms solid nitrides of sili
con, which are found to be deposited
with great uniformity over the surface
of the filament. Iron.
The Population of a Cheese.
M. Adametz has lately made some
researches upon the microscopic
organisms that inhabit cheese. From
an examination of Emmenthal, a
soft variety of Gruyere cheese, he has
obtained the following results: In
each gramme of the cheese, when fresh
from 90,000 to 140,000 microbes are
found. This number increases with
time. Thus, a 'cheese 71 days old
contains 800.000bacteria per gramme.
The population of a soft cheese 25
days' old and much denser than the
preceding is 1,200,000 microbes per
gramme. But the population of a
cheese is not everywhere distributed
the same in it. The centre is but
moderately inhabited with respect
to the exterior portion, The pop
ulation of a soft cheese, rear the
periphery, is irom a.ouu.uuuto o.ouu,.
000 microbes. According to the meant
of these t wo figures there are as many
living organisms in 360 grammes of
such a cheese as there are people upon
the earth.
A Paper Hotel.
There seems to b3 practically no
limitation to tho uses which paper can
be and is applied. To the long list of
articles intended for personal use and
in the smaller details of construction
in rolling stock, such as wheels, axels,
&c, there has been added a more ex
tensive application, of paper to the
needs of everyday life by the building
of an hotel constructed of this mate
rial. This novel residence, which has
just been finished, and is situated in
Hamburg, has been made entirely of
paper boards which, it is said, are ot
the hardness of wood, but possess an
advantage over the latter material in
that they are fireproof, this desirable
end being effected by imiregnation
with certain chemical solutions.
Iron.
Scientific Notes.
M. Mascart, one of the eminent
French electricians of the time, says
that the use of tbe magnetic needle in
tracing the underground geology, orr
in other words, the past geography of
a country, is one of those triumphs off
science which are almost tantamount
to divination.
Plans proposed for irrigation both
in Upper and Lower Egypt during the
period of low Nile include, the build
ing of a high barrage across the river
at the first cataract. Great opposi
tion has. been excited against this
poposition, as it involves the sub
mersion of the beautiful island of
Philoe and its magnificent monuments
for several months each year.
There was recently exhibited in
Dublin a new burner for light-house
use, possessing twice the illuminating
power of the largest burners now em
ployed. It is calculated that this new
burner, in connection with a specially
devised system of lenses.will transmit
a light equal to about eight million
of candles, which far exceeds the most
powerful light at present used.
A curious phenomenon is reported
from Jewett City, Conn. George Rood
was recently struck by a thunderbolt
ad bandly burned.and suffers intensely
still. His whole body is so changed
with electricity that when he puts his
hands together they stick, and only
by violent rubbing can they be sep
arated. If his feet touch it is t he same.
The severe burns are beginning to
heal and his appetite is good, but he'
can not stand up,
It is evident that electric power is
to be the motive power of the future
incities. New York city is constantly
warring upon elevated system, not
alone because of the inadequacy, but
because of its noise and dust, and
disturbance ofresidents. Edison and
othera argue for an arcade electric
road under the principal streets, It
will come to this within a few years.
Despite its irregularities, the electric
motor is the motor of the future.
The history of steam as a power shows
no such advantage as electsicity.
