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"THERE IS NOTHING WHICH IS HUMAN THAT IS ALIEN TO ME." Terence.
VOL. I. " LINCOLN, NEBRASKA, SATURDAY, APRIL 20, 1890. , X(I 43.'"
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Notice to Subscribers.
EXPIRATIONS,
As the easiest and cbpe6t men! ot noti
fying subscribers of tht; elate of thrir expira
tions we will mark Ihte notice with blue or
red pencil, on the ite at which their sub
scription expires. We will send the paper
two weeks after expiration. If not renewed
by that time it will be discontinued.
He'll Bet That the Tariff is a Tax.
(Kinsman, Kan.. Democrat.)
He Pat at his door at noonday, lonely and
felooiny and -s:l,
Brooding over the price of his corn crop and
figuring liowinueh he had.
Ho had worked from early springtime, early
and late and hard.
And he was counting his assets and 1gu ring
out his reward.
He figured Hint it took two acres to buy'his
two t)oys new boots,
And ten acres more on top of this to flffhem
out with new suits.
To bray his wife a protected dress took a hun
dred bushels more,
White five-acres went in a solid lump for the
enrpet on the Uoor.
His taxes and his grocery bill absorbed his
crop of oats,
Wliile the interest on his farm mortgage took
all his fattened shoats.
The shingles on tiis cowshed and the lumber
fov-hiw barn
Had Piitcii up his beef steers and the balance
of his corn.
So he Fat in his door at noonday, lonely and
gloomy and sore,
As he figured up his wealth a little less than
it was the year before.
Iiy gum, they say I'm protectedbut I know
there's something wrong;
I've been decieved and gulled and hood
winked by this high protection song.
They told of rebellious traitors, and held up
the bloody rag,
And I followed along like a pumpkin, and now
I'm holding the bag.
Hut from this time on I'll investigate, and get
'to the bottom of facts.
And I'll lift four dollars to begin with, that
tli" taritl' is a tax"
LINCOLN AND LABOR.
A Neglected Chapter.
Washington. DC, March 81.
.lust liel'ore he left for New England,
a lew weeks ajo. 1 happened to stroil
into the congressional library with .Mr.
James K. Mills, of California. We
walked about the once spacious hall,
now overcrowded a ith its six hundred
and lifty thousand volumes, until Mr.
Mills asked to see the Congressional
(llobe, and turning to President Lin
coln's first annual message to the con
gress of the United States, dated Dee.
3, 1H(51, pointed out to me the following
remarkable passage, which, he said,
had at the time it was issued, impressed
him so forcibly that the memory of it
had stayed with him through the long
years which have since intervened. The
passage reads:
It continues to develop that the in
surrection is largely, if not exclusively,
a war upon the first principle of popu
lar government the right of the peo
ple." Conclusive evidence of this is
found in the most grave and maturely
considered public documents, as well as
in the general tone of the insurgents.
In those documents we find the abridge
ment of the existing right of still" rage
and the denial to the people of all right
to participate in the selection of public
oflicers, except the legislative, boldly
advocated, with labored arguments to
prove that large control of the people iu
government is the source of all politi
cal evil. Monarchy itself is sometimes
hinted at as a possible refuge from the
power. of the people.
In my present position I could scarce
ly be justified were I to omit raising a
warning voice against this apjroach of
returning despotism.
It is not needed nor fitting here that a
general argument should be made in
favor of popular institutions; but there
is one point, with its connections, not
so hackneyed as most others, to which I
ask a brief attention. It is the effort to
pi see capital on an equal footing with,
if not above labor, in the structure of
government. It is assumed that labor
is available only in connection with
capital that nobody labors unless
somebody else, owning capital, some
how by t lie use of it induces him to la
bor. This assumed, it is next consid
ered whether it is best that capital shall
hire laborers, and thus induce them to
work by their own consent, or buy
them, aiid -drive them to it without their
consent. Having thus proceeded so far
it is naturally concluded that all labor
ers are either hired laborers or what we
call slaves. And further it is assumed
that whuev-er is once a hired laborer is
fixed in that condition for life.
Now, t here is no such relation between
capital and labor as assumed; nor is
there any such thing as a free man being
iixed for life in the condition of a hired
laborer. loth these assumptions are
false, anil all inferences from them are
groundless.
Labor is prior to and independent of
capital. Capital is only the fruit of la
hor, and could never have existed if la
bor had fast not existed. Labor is the
superior of capital, and deserves much
the higher consideration. Capital has
its rights, which are as worthy of pro
tection as any other rights. Nor is it
denied that there is. and probably al
ways will be, a relation between labor
ami capital producing mutual benefits.
The error is in the assumption that the
whole labor of the community" exists
within that relation. A few men own
capital, and that few avoid labor thera-
selves,and with their capital hire or buy
another few to labor for them. A large
majority belong to another class
neither work for others nor have others
work for them. In most of the southern
states a majority of the whole people,
of all colors, are neither slaves nor mas
ters, while in the northern a large ma-
ioritv are neither hirers nor hired. JNlen,
with their families wives, sons and
daughters work for themselves, on their
farms,in their houses and in their shops,
taking the whole product to themselves,
and. asking no favors of capital on the
one hand nor of hired laborers nor
slaves on the other. It is not forgotten
that a considerable number of persons
mingle their own labor with capital
that ls.they labor with their own nanus,
and also buy or hire others to labor for
them. But this is only a mixed and not
a distinct elaas. No principle stated is
disturbed by thg existence of this mixed
class.
Again, as has already been said, there
is not, of necessity, any such thing as
the free hired lalxrer being fixed to that
conditioi of life. Many independent
men everywhere in these states, a few
years back in their lives, -were hired la
borers. The prudent penniless beginner
in the world labors for wages a while,
saves a surplus with which to buy tools
or hind for himself, then lalxrs on his
own account another while.and at length
hires another new beginner to help him.
This is the just and generous and pros
perous system, which opens the way to
all gives hope to all, anil consequent
energy and progress, and improvement
of condition to all. No men living are
any more worthy to be trusted than
those who toil up from poverty; none
less inclined to take or touch aught that
they have not honestly earned. Let
them beware of surrendering a political
power which they already issess, and
which, if surrendered, will surely be
used to close the door of advancement
against such jis they, and to fix new dis
abilities and burdens upon them, till all
of liberty shall be lost."
Is it singular that the foregoing im
pressed itself on Mr. Mill's mind? Is it
not rather to be questioned why it is not
generally remembered? As the eye pass
es rapidly along the mind is busy with
questions: How came it at such a time
and in such a place that there should ap
pear a didactical discourse, having ap
parently no relation to the mighty busi
ness of the war iu hand; what was the
process by which Abraham Lincoln ar
rived at these wonderfully clear and
simple views of cardinal principles un
derlying social progress; why did thin
portion of the message elicit so little
comment and discussion; how came it
since to be completely forgotten?
Mr. Lincoln had been not ten months
in the presidency. He hail at once to
undertake the gigantic task of putting
down the rebellion. While he could not
but choose to use the force of arms
against the seceded states, he had first
to try other means to prevent the border
states from withdrawing from the Union
and joining in the insurrection. He
must, besides, organize armies and build
and man a navy. He must avoid for
eign complications. He must press
along, despite the suspicion cast upon
the loyalty of many of those upon whom
he had to impose much confidence and
responsibility despite the fact that the
Union forces had not yet done aught to
lift the cloud of doubt and apprehension
that came with the news of the disaster
at Bull Run. Yet, notwithstanding the
pressure of all these great matters to
hurry him, President Lincoln, in this re
markable message, after briefly review
ing the events of the preceding few
months, expressing expectations for the
future, and recommending for consider
ation divers matters and measures, de
liberately turned aside to deliver a hom
ilv upon the relations of labor and capi
tal.' And they were not idle words falling
upon dull ears, or thoughts of some re
flective hours so far in advance of his
time as not to be generalh' appreciated.
It was a political maxim which Mr. Lin
coln adopted early in his career to keep
along even with the humor of the peo
ple, to as truly as possible give expres
sion to their thoughts and act upon their
wishes, but not to go in advance of them.
He saw clearly that the war involved
more than a question of secession that
natural rights were at stake. What
roused him was the attitude of southern
extremists who were trying to make
themselves and others believe that the
relations of capital and labor should be
the relations of master and slave, there
wanting not southern divines to declare
in support of this that the white work
ingmen of the north were tending to
ward and must inevitably sink under an
industrial slavery far more grinding
and heartless than was ever suffered by
the black chattel slaves of the south.
Horses Cost Cash; Men Cost Nothing.
Xeir York Sun.
A good deal of the profit or loss in
the management of a horse car or stage
line, an express company, or any sim
ilar enterprise lies in the care of the
horses. It is more important financi
ally to look out for the horses than it is
for the men employed. There are al
ways plenty of men to be had to take
the places of the sick and disabled, but
horses cost good, hard cash, and can't
be had in any other way. The tempo
rary or permanent loss of a man from
the" .service means only a little incon
venience. The loss of a horse means so
much cash gone.
Errata
Through my mistake, or the printer,
in railroad article last week, the gross
earnings for 71) are $22r,000,000, instead
of $5'"),000,000 as it should be.
C. M. Clark.
Govenmcnt Buildings.
Washington, April 23. A bill was intro
duced in the houfe which, if passed,
will catss a largo expenditure of money in
the fctates of Nebraska, Iowa and the Da
kota, and give pofitoi.ee buildings to a
kvgj number of cities in these states. It
autb.0r.3a tne postomee department to
erect pcetofiiee buildings at all cities whose
annual net receiptsjare $3,000 cr more, and
at county seats where net receipts are
$2,5"0. Places which will get buildings
under the bil are as follows:
Nebraska Beatrice, Chadron, Columbus,
Crete. Fairbury, Fremont. Grand Island,
Hastirgs. Holarrcre. Kearney, mcuook, ror-
folk. Plattsmoutb. aoutn Omaoa. lorK.
Iowa Atlantic. Uoone, Uurimgton, ueaar
Falls. Creston. Cherokee, Clinton, Daven
Dcrt. Decorab. Fairfield, Fort Dodge. Fort
Madison. Grinneii. independence, lowa
Citv. Keokuk. L3 Mare. .Lyons. Manchester.
Maauoket. Harshalltown. Mason City.
Mount Pleasant, Muscatine, Newton, Osca
loosa, Ottumwa, Bed Oak, Shenandoah,
Sioux City, Vinton, Washington, Waterloo,
Webster City.
Dakota Aberdeen, Bismarck, Deadwood,
Fargo. Grand Forks, Huron, Jamestown,
Minot, Mitchell, Plankington, Rapid City,
Sioux .ails, water town, xanaxon.
Tneir Labor Completed.
Washington, April 20. At noon Saturday
the Pan-American conference adjourned
sine die. After the transaction of some
routine business and the adoption of res
olutions offered by Delegate varas ox
Chili pledging the sympathetic associa
tion of the members of the conference
with the quadro-centennial celebration, of
tne discovery oz America, and Dy Delegate
Peeraza of Venezuela expressing their
gratitude for the hospitality of the United
States, a motion to adjourn sine die was
made and carried, after Mr. Blaine had
glAen the conference a benediction.
CONGRESSIONAL
The Senate.
Washington, April 17. In the senate to
day Mr. Cullom presented a petition signed
by many citizens of Ohio, Illinois, Iowa,
Wisconsin, MinEesota, Michigan, Colorado,
Missouri, Kanea?, Arkansas, North and
SiUth Dakota and Washington pray irg that
sugar, lumber, salt, binding tw ine ard ma
terials ent ering into its composition be ad
mitted free of duty and that a cut of at
least 50 per cent be made on woolen, cotton
and linen fabrics.
Mr. Plumb presented a resolution of tht
Newton, Kan., board of trade protesting
against the imposition of any duty on ores
containing lead imported from Mexico and
favoring the negotiation of a reciprocal
treaty with that country.
Among the petitions and memorials pre
sented was one from the Charleston board
of trade protecting against the pat sage of
the Bmtterwcrth anti-option and future
bill.
Among the bills introduced was one by
Mr. Bfgan, proposing an amendment to
the constitution cr the election
of senaters by a vote of tha people.
The house bill for the appointment and
retirement of John C. Fremont as major
general in the army was passed.
The Fenate proceeded to consider the
house joint resolution for the appointment
of thirty medical examiners for the p? n
sion bureau, without reference to the civil
service law.
After some discussion the senate ad
journed without finishing the bill.
Washington, April 18. In the house this
morning, Mr. Enloc of Tennessee, rising to
a question of piivilege, sent to the clerk's
desk and had read an article from the New
York Press declaring that a gigantic job
had been discovered in tha eoutnern war
claims bill introduced by him. Tie article
further states that Mr. Thomas of Wiscon
sin, chairman of the committee on war
claims, bad denounced the bill as one of
the most infamous obs which had ever
been fois'ed upon congress.
Mr. Thomas said he had not censured any
member ot the committee. He stated
that if tbc bill passed the house it would
be infamous because he thought he could
prove that a rumber of claims on the till
were claims of rerpcns notably disloyal.
Artar a heated discussion the bill was
put back on th calendar.
The house at the evening session passed
fifty private pension bills.
Washington, April 19. In the senate Mr.
Manderson introduced two bills that were
referred to the library committee for the
purchase of Matthew's portrait of Abra
ham Lincoln and to accept from the Grand
Army of the Republic a statue of U. 8
Grant and a pedestal to be placed in stat
uary hall of the capitol. In connection
with the latter Mr. Vest stated that the
committee on public buildings and grounds
had this morning ordered the reporting of
a bill for an equestrian statue of General
Grant in Washington.
Messrs. Manderson and Paddock today
presented petitions from members of the
farmers' alliances of Nebraska relating to
the financial policy of the government.
The petitions request the senate not to
pass the Windom silver bill or any similar
measure, to restore silver to free and un
limited coinage on an equality with gold
and supplement this money with United
States legal tender notes until the volume
of currency shall reach $5 J per capita of i
the population, and that as soon as possi
ble to discontinue the issue of any other
kinds of money whatever.
Among the bills passed were the follow
ing: Senate bill ratifying the agreement
with the Indians at Fort Berthold Aeency,
North Dakota, and appropriating ?83,OC0;
senate bill creating an additional land
office for North Dakota; senate bill to pro
vide for the disposal of Fort Hart6uff, Fort
Sheridan and Fort McPherson military res
ervation in Nebraska to actual settlers un- 1
der the homestead laws.
The senate bill appropriating 100,000 for
an equestrian statue of General Grant in
Washington was passed. Adjourned.
Washington, April 2!. In the senate to
day Reagan introduced a bill to repeal all
laws for the retirement of army and navy
officers from active service on pay.
On motion of Hawley the senate pro
ceeded to consider the bouse bill to pro
vide for celebrating the four-hundredth
anniversary of the discovery of America
by holding an international exhibition.
Alter a iacetious epeecn py vest against
the bill, and the amendment for a naval
review in New YorJC harbor t the bill, it
passed by a vote of 43 to 13.
Washington, April 2. In the senate to
day Cockrell offered a resolution, which
was agreed to, directing the superintend
ent of census to communicate to the sen
ate the forms of rules and regulations
adopted by him for obtaining statistics as
to farm mortgages.
Plumb's resolution, neretorore offered,
for the increase of the treasury purchase
and the coinage of silver, was presented
and Eustis moved as an addition to the
resolution that the free coinage of silver
is essential to a sound financial policy and
is demanded by all the great interests in
tne country, and thereiore ail laws limit
ing the coinage of silver should be re
pealed. Plumb consented to let the resolution lie
over for the present eo as to give Mitchell
an opportunity to address the senate.
Mr. Mitcnell addressed the senate m ra-
vor of the constitutional amendment pro
posed by him for the election of senators
by a popular vote. Already fifteen changes
had been made in the constitution, and
who could say that any of them were not
well advised. All of these amendments led
up logically to the pending proposition.
The present system of electing senators,
he declared, was unrepubiican and vicious.
Io was in purpose a declaration that for
some reason it was unsafe to commit the
election of senators to a vote of the people
and a reflection on the honesty or capacity
or both, of the voting classes. Among oth
er things Mitchell declared secret execu
tive sessions no longer in harmony with
the spirit of the age. It was a relic of mon
archy, and should find noreaognition m
the republic
At the conclusion oi MJtcneJi's rercarks
the resolution was referred to the commit
tee on privileges and elections.
The house amendment to tne National
Zoological park bill was agreed to, and the
bill now ere es to tne president.
The District or uoiumoia appropriation
bill was passed, and after the executive
session the senate adjourned.
The House.
Washington, April 17. After the reading
of the journal the house adjourned out of
respeot to the memory of Mr. Randall,
whose itinera, was neia today.
Washington, April 18. In the senate
among the bills passed were the following
Senate bill authorizing the construction
of a bridge across the Missouri river be
tween the city of Chamberlain and Lyman
county. South Dakota.
Senate bill increasing the pension of
General Milroy's widow to 975 a month.
Washington, April 19. The speaker laid
before the house various public bills with
senate amendments. The Ashland, Wis.
public building bill was sent to the confer
ence committee.
On motion of Mr. Adams of Illinois the
senate amendments were concurred in to
the house biil to divide the judicial dietrict
of North Dakota
Mr. Henderson of Iowa, from the com
mittee on appropriations, reported a bill to
provide vaults and safeguards for the se
enritv of pablic money in the custody of
the United States treasurer. Referred to
the committee of tte whole.
At 1 o'clock public business was sus
pended and the louse proceeded to pay
tribute to the memory of Samuel S. Cox of
New York.
Mr. Can minga of New York then ad
dressed the house,
Messrs. Holman of Iodiana, Mil?s of
Texas, Batterworth of 0io and others also
poke and tire house then adjourned.
Washington, April 21. In the house to
day Doreey of Nebraska introduced a joint
resolution providing that the secretary of
he treasury be directed to increase the
treasury purchase, of silver bullion to the
maximum amount authorized by the act
"to authorize the coinage of the standard
silver dollar and to restore its legal tender
character," which act was parsed over the
vote of the president and became a law
July 28, 1878. Referred.
Oa motion of Struble of Iowa the bill
was pasted amending the act authorizing
the conetrnction of a highway bridge
across the Missouri river at Sioux City,
Iowa
On motion of Thomas of Wisconsin the
bill passed providing that eoldiers who lost
their limbs during the late war shall be en
titled to receive artificial limbs every
three years. The present law permits him
to receive one every five Tears.
The bill appropriating 333,590 to provide
neceseary vaults and safeguards for the se
curity of the pufelic money in the custody
of the United States treasurer was passed.
Morrill moved the suspension of the
rules to pass the bill pensionirg prisoners
cf war, but after a lergthy debate it was
defeated yeas 143, nays 78, not the neces
sary two-thirds.
Adjaurned.
Washington, April 22. The committee on
ways and means reported the till provid
ing for the classification of worsted cloths
as woolen. Referred to the committed of
the whole.
Mr. Caniler of Massachusetts moved
that the house concur in the senate amend
ments to the world'd fair bill. This being
agreed tc, the bill is finally passed and will
be sent to the president for his action.
The house then went into a comnaitiee
of the whole (&Ir. Payson of Illinoif, in the
cha'i) on the legislative appropriatica bill,
and after some discussion tno house ad
journed without finishing tha bill.
British Grain Trade.
Lone on, April 21. The Mark Lane Ex
press says : The tone of English wheac was
improved and there was a fair demand at
an advance of 6d; foreign wheat is in im
proved request and higher. New Z aland
reports a good average yield and India the
reverse. There ts been an advance in
shelling corn since Easter. Oats and bar
ley were firm. - Today foreign wheat sold
steadily at an advance of 6d; fine American
flour advanced Is. jy?r sack. .:...--
Reporter Cboate Goes to Prison.
New Yoek, April 19. An opinion was
handed down today in the case of Dil
worth Choate, the reporter now in Ludlow
street jail undergoing a sentence for con
tempt of court in entering and concealing
nimseii in see jury rcom where the Flack
urora were deubtlatirg. The opinion dls-
rnieees the writ of certiorari applied for by
Cfcoate's counsel. The decision is con
curred in ty all the judges, who hold that
Choate was guilty of contempt of court.
Choate will now have to spend the re
mainder of his term in prison.
Serioue Trouble Apprehended.
Vienna, April 21. The workmen in the
mines and iron works of the Prague Indus
trial company and the Austro- Alpine Min
ing company have demanded the eight
t our day, and if the demand is refused
they will strise. This important movement
indicates that a general strike throughout
the envolre is almost certain, and grave ap-
prenension prevails in consequence. The
excitement among the laboring population
la so great as to make it certain that ex
tensive demonstrations will occur on the
first of May. The authorities are unable to
conceal their anxiety. The cabinet will
shortly publish a proclamation intended to
mnuence tne workmgmen and lessen the
danger cf outbreaks. Requisitions for
troops have been received at Vienna from
various industrial centres.
An Important Decision.
Washington, April 22 The United States
supreme court today rendered a decision
which has been waited for long and anx
iously by many pensioners and claim
agents. Some two or three years 8go a
man by the name of Miller applied for an
increase of pension and presented evidence
which he claimed showed him to be enti
tled to more than double the amount he
was receiving, under the law. The com
mission refused to grant the increaee, and
a writ was applied for to compel trrem to
do so. A number of claim agents who had
similar cases combined together and raised
the fund to carry the case to the supreme
court, which today refused to issue the
writ and held that the commissioner fol
lowed the rules of his office and exercised
his lawful discretion in the case. If the
decision had been otherwiee thousands of
similar eases would have been brought in
the courts.
A Protest.
Washington, April 22. The Nebraska
delegation will within a few days call in a
body on the secretary of war to protest
against the abandonment of Fort Sidney as
a military post, but owing to the determin
ation of the secretary to concentrate the
troops as much hb possible iD large posts.
which determination is warranted by the
fact that the railroads have done away
with the necessity of bo many frontier
poses at the present time, makes it mere
than probable that the efforts of the Ne
braska senators and members In this re
spect will be futile. The abandonment of
Fort Sidney was recommended eight years
ago, and it was only by strenuous efforts
that it has been retained so lo-g. The
delegation will leave no stone unturned to
induce the secretary to come to their
views, but the chances are anything but
good at present
Weather Crop Bulletin.
Washington, April 20. The weather crop
bulletin Issued by the signal .service says
The weather during the. past week has
been especially favorable for farm work
throughout the northwest, where the sow
lng of small grain was substantially com
pleted. As far north as southern Minnesota
and southern Dakota crops wore Improved
Dy iavoraDie weatner. in Kansas, Missouri,
JNeDrapaa and lowa, wneat. oats and grass
and reported in good condition, but more
rain 1b needed from the Missouri valley
norenward over Minnesota. In Michigan,
Illinois, Indiana, Kentucky and Tennessee
tne growing crops.are greatly, improved.
THE TARIFF BILL.
MAJORITY REPOBT.
Washington, April 16 The ma orlty re
port on the tariff bill begins with a state
ment cf the financial situation and esti
mates the surplus of the present fiscal year
to be $92,000,000, and, deducting the sum
required to make payments on the sinking
fund, the net fcurplus of receipts over ex
penditures will be 43,673,8S3. The esti
mated surplus for the next fiscal year will
be $13,569,522, which, with the amount now
on hand and available reaching $900,000,
OCO) will justify the reduction In the reve
nue in the sum contemplated by the bill
reported $B 3,936,930 and probably more
from customs, and By $10,327,878 from in
ternal revenue, or a total of $71,264,414.
The majority report says in part: It was
the aim of the committee to fix duties
upon that class of manufactured goods
and farm products which can be supplied
at home, so as to discourage te use cf
foreign goods and products and secure to
our own people and producers a home
market. Tne general policy of the bill is
to foster and promote American produc
tion and diversification of American indus
try. The committee believe, in as much as
$4000,000,000 annually is required to meet
tne expenses of the government, that It is
wisei to tax those foreign competing pro
ducts which Beek a market here tban to
tax our domes do goods or non-competitive
foreign goods.
Tne committee believes that the United
States shou d produce all the wool lc con
sumes, and with adequate defensive legis
lation it will do so. I'he annual consump
tion 13 6J0,000,0t0 pounds, and with tlie pio
tection afforded by tne biil, farmers ot the
United States will be at an early day able
to supply this demand.
On metal schedules the report says no re
duction can be made in pig iron ore duties
without detriment to existing industries,
and the committee has not felt justified lu
Interf erring with the further development
of our iron ore reBourc:s, now bo promis
ing in the southern s rites.
Oa sugar tne report saye; The committee
recommend sugar up to and including No.
16 ad xnola&ses to be placed on the free
ii3t with duty of 4-10 of a cent per pound
on refined sugar above No. 16 and a b junty
of 2 cents per pcuad be paid from the treaa
ury for a period of fit teen years for all
sugar, polarizing at least 85 per cent, made
in this country trom cane, beet or sorghum
produced ia tne United States. In lbb8 the
cntumptJon cf sugar in the U-lted Scates
was l,40'i,W7 tons, or 3 1 pounds per in
habitant. Of this only 189,811 tons were
produced in the United States. Is is clear
that the duty made the cost of sugar and
molasses consumed by the people of thia
country in 1SS9 about $1 lor each man,
woman and child more tnan it would have
been if no such duties were levied. Eren
on the assumption that with proper en
couragement we shall eventually De able
to produce all, or nearly all, the sugar re
quired for the consumption of our peopie,
encouragement can be given much more
economically and effectually by a bounty
of 2 cents per pound, involving an expend
iture of but little more than $7,000,000 per
annum, with the present production of
sugar in this country than by the imposi
tion of a duty, as above. In providing not
only that raw sugar up to and including
No. 16 be admitted free, opportunity is
given for the free Introduction of yellow
Bugara suited for family use, an arrange
ment which will secure to the people suar
at the lowest price existing in tfio market
of ehe world, while even imported white
refined sugar will be subject to a duty of
only 4-10 of a cent per pound.
Cuming to agricultural products, the re
per c says the committee has given the most
of its investigation to the exis ing condi
tions of agricultural and kindred matters.
Speaking of the depression In agricultme
it say 8 that tht enemies of the protective
system have no word of criticism for the
real causes of the agricultural depression,
no suggestion of relief from the burdens
which are weigmng it down tody, but,
seizing the present as a ravoraoie time,
they solemnly charge the decline in our
markets to the tariff. ' A critical examina
tion of the subject will show that agricul
ture is suffering chiefly from damaging
foreign competlon in the home markes.
The increase in the importations cf agri
cultural products since J 850 has been enor
mous, amounting from $4'J,' 00,000 to mere
than $356,010,000 in 1889.
With a view to Increasing the nnmber of
gainful occupations open to the farmer the
committee has recommended a bounty to
growers of silk. As a duty of $1 perpound
would be required to protect the American
Bilk reeler, tne committee decided that bo
high a duty would embarrass the silk
weaving interests without sufficient reason
and, to secure the industry as speedily as
possible, offers a necessaiy differential cf
a bounty of $1 per pound, or about 20 per
cent protection on reeled silk. To etc jur
age tne production of cocoons and give di
rect encouragement to the producers the
committee hus also provide d a bounty of 7
cents per pound on iresn cocoons, tbe
bounties to continue ten yearp.
Oi the internal revenue sections the com
mittee recommended the repeal of all stat
utes imposing restrictions upon farmeis
and growers of tobacco, so that ihty may
sell with freedom.
In conclubion the report saye: "Of the
advances in duties on agricultural pro
ducts, as they are for te most pare articles
which thJB country can produce to the ex
tent of our wants, the increased duty win
reduce importations eo that the revenues
will not be increased, ana our larmers will
Lod their own markets,"
the minor. tt betpoet.
The minority report is Signed by a'l the
dem-jcraitc numbers of the committee. Ik
eays: -"lhe miooiity conttnds tor tho
principle oi unt and tquai taxation upon
all, acoutdmg io their -biiity to bear to
burden, while the majority has, in this bill,
thoroughly committe l itself to the ponc
of unjust and unequal taxation of t
many lor the benefit ot the few. Ve are
as anxious as tn majority can pombiy be
to promote and encourage Amerluuu in
dustries and advance the interests of
American laborers But we believe that
but- these objects can ba accomp lished by
rcduckg the burdeiiB ot taxation and not
by increasing tnetn.
The silk bounty is severely crlt'cJsed.
The report tavs the bill w ill lpcreae tbe
taxes on wool and woolens io,oju,wu per
annum, according to last year's importa
tions, but really a much greater sum,
while taxes en tobacco to the amount ot
$3,60,994 are abolished. Tne minority
cannot agree to do this at the price of an
increase on necessaries.
The report attacks some of the details of
the bilL Among otherthings it says that
the grade ef course, cheap blankets will be
reauired to pay It 6 per cnt, but the finest
blankets pay 72 per cent. The coarsest
and cheapest woolen hats will be subject
to a dutv of 111 per cent and the finest to
6ft rer cent Women's and children's
cheapest dress goods with cotton warp are
to be taxed 106 per cent and the finest 73
TRr cent The lowest grade of woolen
cloths will pay 125 per cent and the high
Oa the metal schedales the report says
there are many increases and scarcely any
reductions. The report says: "We have
for a long time been trying to Increase our
trade with th rtennle of Central and South
America and Mexico and an International
conference ia now being neia to oevise
means for t.h oftomnllshment of this re-
unit In th midRt of the consultations.
and when It was earnestly hoped that some
good plan might be agreed upon ior tne
establishment of doner commercial rela
tione, this bill is reported, containing
provisions which will not only retard
reciprocal arrangements for the future.
but will deetrov the larger part of the
Irade now existing. The bill propose to
make large increase s in the duties on car
pet wools and subject lead contained in
sliver ores to duties, not because we need
revenue, but for the sole purpose of pre
venting these articles being imported into
this country.
Speaking of the wool schedule the report
savs:
"These Increases are 'made principally
upon the demand, of a few largo flock
masters in the Btate of Oaio, and defended
by tbe majority on the alleged ground that
they are beneficial to the farmers of the
country who keep sheep. The fact la that
wool is one of our least important agricul
tural products." The minority goes onto
say: "It Is impossible to protect tho farmer
against foreign competition and his home
market, for he has no such competition,
and the insertion or retention of theso ar
ticles in the tariff bill is a device which
will deceive no one who gives a moment's
thought to the subject During the last
fiscal year we exported 0,593,529 bushels
of corn and imported only 2,388 bushels.
The same proportion is q loted on wheat
and corn meat This shows how futile it Is
to attempt to afford protection to the
larmers by imposing duties upon importa
tions of these products, and tois large and
intelligent class of citizens can not be
reconciled in this way to a policy which in
creases the taxes upon their clothing,
tableware, carpets, earthenware, glass
ware, agricultural implements and other
agricultural implements and other neces
sary articles." Tho minority aeks how
farmers are to be helped by increased
duties on rods used in the manufacture of
fence wire and Iron and steel for hoops or
ties or bailing purposes, and pays if the
bill passes the farmer will bo the first to
demand the restoration of the old rates or
the aboiitioa of the duty. While the im
position of duties on live animals and
other agricultural products cannot possi
bly do the farmers any good at home, the
increase made will certainly be a great in
jury to them in the market abroad.
No reduction will be made in duties un
der any schedule except that relating to
sugar and molassesu The report criticises
the eugar bounty and protests against the
eross favoritism and Injustice of such a
policy. It says the bounty on last year's
Eroduction would have been $7.520,0C0,
ut as it is expected to encourage pro
ducers to supp.'y tbe entire domestic de
mand, the ultimate result, even if the con
sumption remained at last yeat'd .rure
2,700,421,302 pounds would be an annual
payment of $61,528,426 in bounties. The
fcugar duty is defended as far more just
and equitable tan that on many other
articles, and while tho minority think the
duty should be reduced, they cannot see
the jusiice or propriety of making thin ar
ticle free, paying it a bounty and making
this an excuse for imposing $05,000,010 ad
ditional taxes on other schedule?. The
minority finds it impossible to state with
accurscj the effect of the increases. They
express the opinion that tho increase on
tobacco will be $'6,305,9.5, and other items
show an increase of $8,000,000. Adding
these amounts to the $40,055,152 shown by
the committee's tables to have been added
to the duties on articles remaining on the
dutiable list, shows a total increaso on ar.
tides still dutiable, outside of the sugar
schedule, of aboat $63,000,000, and we are
satisfied it is more than that Wedo0t
mean to assert that the bill actually in
creases the customs revenue $65,0 0,000
ever what it i, but thit it proposes to im
pose upon articles on the dutiable list, ex
cept sugar and molasses, that sum in ex
cess of the amount collected on the same
schedules last year. It places on the free
list articles which yielded a revenue of
$6,0S9,6C9 during the last fiscal year and
makes a reduction of $54,9 .'2,1 10 on sugar
and molasses, and the two sums, amount
ing to $61,963,079, being deducted from
$65,000,000, leave an Increase of more than
$4,000,000 in tariff tax at on under this bill.
McEenna ot California dissents from the
sugar schedule. Speaking of the beet sugar
induatry Mr. McKenna says: "Must an in
dustry bo able to eupply home consump
tion before it U entitled to protection?
Olher industries have not done this. Upon
every principle upon which a protective
duty can be denied on sugar it must be de
nied to every other American industry.
Protection must be universal or not at all."
The bill as submitted with the report
shows a number of changes sinco laid' be-
iro tne iuii committee. Tne committee
also added the following section to the in
ternal revenue feature:
Upon cigars manufactured and sold at or
removed lor consumption or use there
shall be assessed and collected the follow
ing taxes, to be paid by the manufacturer
thereof: Oa c'gars of all descriptions, $3
per 1,000; cigarettes wc'gMng not more
than three pounds per 1. 000. 50 cents per
1,000; on cigarettes wholly of tobacco.
weigning not more than ft re pounds per
1,000, 51) cents per 1,10?; on cigarettes
weighing more than three pounds per
wo, except as hereinbefore provided.
viz , to bo made wholly of tobacco, $3 per
,000.
A Fatal Bridge Collapse.
FparNoriELP, O., April 21. Near the col
ored baptizing given in Buck creek this
afternoon a part of a bridge loaded with
pp?ctators collapsed Four persons were
injared fatallv and over fifty more re
ceived severe injuries. There were about
six hundred peo le on the Limestone street
bricge wnicn bad been condemned and
afterwards repaired and which spans the
milirace in addition to crossing the creek
Iu was on ot tbe foot bridges on the race
part which gave way. The main ratling
did not break and this caused the foot
bridge to swing around at an angle of
forty-five degrees. Screams, yells, shrieks
8nd groans commingled. The fatally hurt
nre: A. ljenman, aged sixty-five: Mrs
Margaret Flannery, aged saventy: Mrs.
Cftarles Myers and son. All these had bones
nroKen and were injured Internally. Hor
co, son oi ueneral reller, had an arm
broken.
Desertions From the Army.
Washington, April 21. Reports received
at the war department for the nine months
beginning with the fiscal year of Ju'y 1,
1889, show that there has been 1,578 deser
tion) from the regular army in that period
and for the corresponding months of the
previous j ear 1,893 desertions, a reduction
this year of over 16 per cent The percent
age of desertions to the enlisted strength
of the army has been for this period 61.10
per cent, and for same period last year
76.10 per cent Secretary Proctor has taken
active personal interest in this subject and
has labored diligently to reduce this evil.
with some success, as figures show. The
house ban already passed bills in the line
of the secretary's suggestions and we be
lieve that if the same pass the senate and
become laws they will enable him to ac
complish much more In this direction.
Stxteen Drowned.
London, April 21. The steamer Bilboa
from Qrimeeby, April - 8, for London, has
been lost in the North sea. Sixteen per
ions were drowned.
An Incendiary Lynched.
Fatetteyille, Tenn., April 22. Last
month Steve Jacobs, colored, was placed
in jail charged with arson. A lynching
was threatened, but this was finally aban
doned.. Last week another barn was
burned and the attention of the farmers
was thereby directed again to Jacobs.
Early this morning one hundred men
marched to the jail, and on the refusal of
the sheriff to open it, battered In the doors.
Jacobs was taken out ana nuns to a tree,
FOREIGN AFFAIR?.
FLOODS IN AUSTRALIA.
Stdset, N. S, W., Aorll 19. lleavy ;raina
are prevailing and Darling river a over
flowed Its banks. The town of Bourke im
Inundated. The residents were compellc-d
to remove to the highlands for safety.
BUYING CANAPIAN rfcOPIKTr.
Toronto, April 19 A dlppatch frcm Q in
beo says that an American syrdicatj ban
furchaed the controlling Interests in all
he binding twine factories in Canada, ex
cept one in Ontario.
8TAKLET ARRIVES AT VAHX.
Pabis, April 19. Ileiiry M. Stanley and
Sir William Mackinnon, cbatimu of the
Emin relief committee, have arrived K the
city frcm Cannes.
CAUSED A RKSSATION.
St. Pb-iEbsburo, April 19 A sensation
has been created her. by the announce
ment that the young woman arrested a day
or two ago for attempting to bribe a gov
ernment official to surrender a copy of the
government's mobilization scheme and tho
plans of the Russian frontier fortifications,
acted under the orders of Baron Von Pica
son, naval attache of the German cmbascy.
When the disclosure was made it wa
found that the baron had suddenly takea
his departure from the city.
TWEKTT r-RISON'EES ESCAPE.
Vienna, April 19. The strike has ex
tended tt all industrial centres in eustem
Silesia. Sixty of tho rioters arrested at
Wltkowitz last night made an attack upon
two of the sentries guarding them during
the night and twenty of them, escapeih
The sentries were seriously wounded, but
were nble to prevent a wholesale escape.
The strikers are without leaders and ne
gotiations with them are impossible. Ctat
is becoming very scarco and thero are fears
of a famine.
Will Benefit Crops.
Minneapolis, April 22. Special from a
dozen points in Minnesota and tho Dako
ta?, state today that rain ia general and
will be of great benefii to crops. Seollrg
is from one-half to thre- fourths done in
some sections, practically completed in
others, aua the rain will aid material y in.
getting a good start.
A Snug Sum for Nebraska.
Washington, April 20. Tho nenate ba
passed the bill which grants to tt e stnten
of NebrasKB, Kansa, Nevada, Co'orndo,
Minnesota and Oregon 5 ptr cent of thu
value of tho present Indian reservations In
these states as well as 5 per cent of tho
money derived from tho ta'e of public
lands, and the commissione r of the general
land cfiice is required to give an account
between the United States and e ach of tho
states named, cstimatirg all suh lands
and reservations at $1.2) an acre, and to
certliy tbem to the seoretarv of the treas
ury for settlement To Mr. E Ham, private
secretary to Senator Mandersou, is due tfce
credit for digging up this question. Savcral
months ago he set to work to ascertain if
there could rot be turned into the treasury
of Nebraska a considerable sum ot rveney
on this aocsount, knowing that to Indian
reservations were in point of facs and in
tbe 3plrit if not the letter of tbe Jaw a r art
of the public domain. 119 a'certninad by
inquiry at the land cfiice a late cn Jannnrv
30. 1288, that thsre were in Nebraska 1,170,
743 acres of Indian reservation, and under
fa provisions ot the bill which ban just
parsed the senate, which he strggesto, tho
state of Nebraska will be entitled to $53,53.
Thii", in additicn to the sum recently given
to tke state by tho act of congress which
appropriated 5 per cent of the sals of
lands In the public domain gives Ni braska
quite a snug pile of pin money.
A Frightful Situation.
New Orleans, April &3 The Time-
Democrat's Bayou Sara special says: The
suffering in Points Coupe ii terrible. It in
reported that people are rumiing to the
trees for safety. Skiff ioadi of people are
passing through the streets seeking safety
on the hills, xmy make a gloomy tu occa
sion, men women and bahlfs. The situa
tion here is frlgntfu'. Not a house In town
is above the flood.
Nebraska Military llcRcrvations.
Washington, April 20. In the senate Sat
urday afternoon Mr.. Paddock called up
and secured tbe paaacge of the bill which
he introduced in January and reported
from the committee on public land in
March last, providing for the disposal of
Fort Hartshuff, Fort Sheridan and Fort Mc
Pherson, military reservations in Nebras
ka, to actual settlers under tie homestead
aw. The till provides that the lands cm-
bi ace din these reservations, having been
surveyed accordinr to law, shah, from aud
after the passage o! this act , bo subject to
disposal to actual settlers thereon as lands
held at the minimum price according to
the provisions of the homestead law o-ly.
and the lands embraced lu tbe former mil
itary reservation of Fort McPherson which
have been ordered surveyed snail as soon
as such survey is completed be subject to
like disposal, provided, that auv person
who prior to the pawafc of this act may
nave become an actual resident uron unv
of said reservations an! may have erected
permanent improvements thereon, may.
if living, enter one quarter section of said
land to include his residence and Improve
ments under tbe provisions of tne home
stead Jaw, notwithstanding he may have
previously exhausted his right there
under, and notwithstanding the inhibition
contained in section 2,298 of tho rcvistd
statutes, or if deceased his heirs may e n
ter such quarter section and may perfect
title thereto in like manner as if the laud
hap been entered by tte deceased settler
during his life time.
Till: MARKETS.
Lincoln, Neo.
CATTLE Butchers' steers. .$2 75 (i3 59
Cows 2 CO Cil'Z W
HOGS Fat 3 C5 (43
Stockers 3 25 g3 ftO
SHEEP 3 CO tt3 51
WHEAT No. 2 spring. 55 (A eo
OATS No. 2 11 (ii 15
RYE No. 2 25 T$ 27
CORN No. 2. new 15 (rt 13
FLAXSEED 1 00 l C6V
POTATOES 18 (Hi 20
APPLES Per bbl 3 55 (c$4 00
HAY Prairie, bulk. 3 50 ; 53
Omiha, Neb.
CATTLE $3 00 - (34 25
Cows 1 75 ($3 25
HOGS Fair to heavy 8 92 00
Mixed 3 90 3 15
Chicago, Iix.
CATTLE Prime steers $3 10 (icT. (O
Stockers and feeders. 2 85 (3 C5
HOGS Packing 4(0 fM DO
SHEEP Natives 00 &5 25
WHEAT 7V
CORN
Kansas Crrr. Ma
CATTLE Corn fed $3 20 4 60
Feeder 2 40 ($3 to
HOGS Good to oh clce 8 75 Ci3 95
Mixed S tfx3 6U