How Scales Are Made to Cheat
AGAZINE3 and www
paper have given
much ipwt ta lata
to us Ques-
of weights and
anasarca, which has
molted in the pas
sage ot legislation In
many states putting
IK jrfj tee npcninw
fl I this particular
branch ot work ua-
der a defined depart-aw-nt
of state government.
There ara auMrou ways ot cbeut
tas la the as ot scales, regardless ot
the sis or make. The art ot scale
buildtig has advanced rapidly in the
last quarter century, hat Investigatioo
hy various departments of weights
sad measures, both national and state,
has disclosed the tact that the inven
tive ailnds of those whose matortaaate
mental arrangement leads thexa to do
traad their fellow awn, has kept pace
with this advance.
The most astounding frand ever
perpetrated was that ot the famous
agar treat fraud, ta which the Called
States government was robbed of
saany mOlioaa ta Import tax duty, hy
the ase ot a small piece of ambrella
steel to throw the scales oat of bal
ance. Bat with aoost eases of decep
tion, the perpetrator becomes 01
confident, and throagh carelessness
leaves a alight cine, which eventually
leads to discovery.
Rabber bands have been employed
to throw scales I correct balance,
bat as these are hard to apply they
are not so commonly used.
A common method of cheating is to
overload the scale counter weights
with lead and throw the balance to the
credit of the scale owner.
Bat the most pernicious and tn
gealoBS ot these is a device recently
discovered by the department ot
weights and mearurn which Is aader
the jurfartictJoa ot the railroad aad
warehouse commissioa ot Minnesota.
This Is a small piece ot tempered
steel welshing 1-33 ot aa oases, aad Is
ased la scales for the purpose ot add
ing to or shrinking the weight of aa
article. It can be carried in the vest
pocket aad placed la position oa the
seals la a tew sccoadg. It has the
advantage to the aser ot being re
versible, that is to say. he can take
snore ta haying or give less la selling,
than the Jest aad proper weight. The
device Is ta the nature ot a false
knife-edge or pivot. It has a small pre
lection oa oae side, which whea ap
plied to a scale with the projee-
tloa towards the back ead ot the
scale beam the effect wm he to make
a load weigh less than correct, and the
reverse Is tree whea at., .ied with the
projection toward the front ead ot the
scale braia.
These devices are made so that the
ase ot them oa a scale dot. not af
fect the beam action whereby an ob
server coo Id ten that the scale was
act weighing correctly, as they allow
the beam free action.
The percentage ot error ta the ase
ot this device would diler. depending
a poo the make ot scale and the mul
tiplying power of the scale beam. All
scale beams have not the same meas
urements, aad on one scale the effect
was IS per cent either ta excess or
deficiency, depending apoa how the
device was placed, and oa another
scale the effect was S per cent either
way. Oa some ot the aew type stock
scales with fall capacity beams, hav
ing bo counterweights, the effect
would easily be 1 per cent ot the
toed.
x These figures are baned apoa the
assumption that the scale would be
pat Into pei feet balance after the de
vice was Inserted, bat it by neglect or
desire the scale shoald not be bal
anced after the device was pat aader
the folcram pivot of the beam, the
affect woold be to give a false weight
at a boat SO poaads oa aay sixe load
ta addition to the JH. a, or 1 per cent
as the case Bight be.
It oae ot these devices were weed
oa a scale beam for fraudulent pur
pesee. tt would undoubtedly be Insert
ed in the loop from the rear of the
beam, and thas coald not be seen from
the position in which one stands to
do the weighing, hence the necessity
of looking into the beam loops from
. the rear of the beam to prove that
sack a device is not being ased.
At a huge stock shipping point ta
Minnesota many complaints bad been
received relative to the weights over
a certain stock scale. Oa Investiga
tion ot the acale tt was discovered that
oa ot these "shrinker" was. la ase.
The commissioa Immediately started
tta special ageat oat to trace tt an.
The remarkable part of the tnvesU
gatloa ta that fax the endeavor to find
the origin of this device, the trail led
throagh the states ot Minnesota.
Iowa, Illinois. Sonth Dakota and Wis-
eoaeta, and going oa the old theory.
"uhcio there la mech smoke there
Women Are for Peace
of the traits of sex aqwanty
Win bo the decline ot war Interna
tional strife, industrial strife aad aax
strife. Women may not know bow to
play fair, at first, but they will be
more apt pupils than the men. In
masculine contests the rules are often
mora Important than the gam. What
ta fair ta war? Murder, but not tor
ture. What la fair tn industrial war?
larva tlca. but aot
JJ fulcrum F7 rot uncer- rrfiicft'
.At Icq' Enlarged
" fwt4
NTS.
CwoViaw
most be some Ere," it is safe to as
same that whea continual rumors of
""shrinkers" were prevalent, the
shrinker device mast have been doing
some shrinking, aad in the case of
this particular form of shrinker. which
coald be ased 00 heavy scales, such
as stock scales and grata scales, tt
has been the farmer aad TOdncer
who were the victims.
The evidence obtained by the ageat
ot the Minnesota commissioa dis
closed the tact that the man who had
made these devices had procured from
JS to $75 each for them.
At Booth's First Meeting
Old Londoner Tells of the Beginning
ot Real Work of the SahratJoa
Army.
Steading at the salute by a big tomb
stone ta Abney Park cemetery was aa
old soldier ot the Saivatioa Army. As
the procession filed past him General
and Mrs. BramweU Booth gave him a
glance of kindly recognition.
The old man. who is seventy-five
years ot age. and named Peter Monks,
was the lxta general's first convert in
London.
One day nearly fifty years ago, be
fore William Booth had started say
mission work, he was walking down a
squalid little back street near the Lon
don docks when he met Peter Monks
outside a notorious drinking house.
"The general came up and spoke to
me." said Monks to the Daily Mirror,
"no doubt because I looked the bad
character that I was then.
" T am looking for work. be said to
me. He went 00 t say that he had
left a congregation just before 'be
cause, he said, they thought
about me than him.
"Presently Booth told me he
going to try to hold a meeting oa the
Mile End Waste a most daring thing
to do tn those times and he asked me
to or me to ft.
"I said I would, wondering what bad
come over me.
"I went dowa to the meeting at the
Mile End Waste, and found that some
of the worst characters from Spital
aelds aad Whitechapel had gathered
round Booth's ro-gh platform and
were giving him a very bad time,
throwing cabbage stamps and dirt at
him. '
"Something seemed to "rise ap tn
me. aad instead of Joining In the
horseplay, as 1 usually did. I clenched
my fists and simply walked round'
the crowd.
"The lads knew who I was 1 had a
bit of reputation as a boxer in those
days and surprised by my taking ap
the preacher's side and from fear of
my fists, they became quiet, and Booth
got a hearing, for which -be thanked
me many times.
1 did not become actually converted
for some time, but I went to all the
meetings and helped to keep order.
Whea the Salvation Army was finally
formed I joined." London Daily Mir-
New AcoulaltKMk.
"Pea. get me a little wagon to hitch
your goat to."
"Tve got no goat, child."
"Tea yoa have. pop. Billy Smith's
father says you've got his."
tag is not fair, but blacklisting ta.
evicting ta, monopolizing food is. main
taining tuberculosis tenements is.
These rules wont pass. boys, when
the gtris learn to play the game. The
tyrannical employer will have to go.
syndicalism and sabotage (the logical
answers to arbitrary capitalism) will
have to go. We already have the chll
drea'n bureau witlt a real statesman,
JIta Lathrop. at tba bead. We are
Loot
Fulcmum.
-IVOT
.Smhnkcr
LOOf
The follow in 5 precautions will be ot
assistance ta helping to detect these, 5
or similar fraudulent devices aad pre- i
vent the seller ot any commodity j
which may be weighed over a acale j
from being victimized:
1. See that a scale Is in perfect bal- 3
ance before aay weighing Is done.
X. See tir scale beam swings tree- I could not get out of bed. but his sub
ry. that is, without a stiff Jerking mo ! stitute, cheerful and self-reliant,
tjoa j promptly at seven o'clock swung the
. . , , , I calipers and figure tablets across her
r See that tiere to e clearance ,aorately started for
about the scale platform, if It is s , ,.,,, . T.
wagon, stock or dump scale, 3
COMBINATION NEW TO HIU
and Ladies" Was Some
thing the Veteran Politician Newer
Had Heard of.
"Lemonade and ladles!" A certain !
veteran politician laughed derisively '
as he read those words oa a card this I
morning.
I
"Say. Boh," he said, "what kind of I
a way is this to run a campaign? Seen f
this card? If s a notice ot the Tenth
ward Progressive dub's meeting to- i
night at Posey's halL and it given a
special invitation to the ladies to at- t
tend aad says tee cold lemonade will 1
served free. Did you ever hear
anything like that. Bob?
"Lemonade and ladies! That aint
no way to run a campaign. Say. how
many votes can these ladies cast?
I guess Tve had as much practical ex-
perience in politics as any man and
ril tell you these Progressive xuvs ain't
going to get very fij- with their lemon-
ade and ladies. It wont go."
However. despibi the warnings of
the professional politicians, the Tenth
ward Progressive -lib will serve lem-
onade at the mass meeting tonight.
It tS accot-tUns to the new order Of
things. If any of the "bovs" attend
they win be welcome. Kansas Citv
Star.
. . -. - . ,
-Oae of the hardest things for shop-
1 th i.rI iT
pers to learn is thar the sixe of gloves
aad thimbles do not coincide." said
a salesman. "If the womaa who wears
bay a thimble for her she tells him i
.VT L. il
a-aasia, caq a,u7 miAamaaw. vz-a eu V3 4a, AU WUT
... tK .v ,
e-. V Kt U.aZ U1-X.
trtAM hM ATMnKnae wl& f.
.k;ki- i - ..
great disereaces m the make, ad a
great deal depends too, apoa the pecu
liarities of the hand. But. as a role.
thimbles run about two sixes larger
than gloves."
No Room for Doubt.
Railroad Attorney You are sure tt
was our Flyer that killed your mule?
What makes you so positive?
Rastus He dun licked ebry other
train on de road. Pack.
The R
"My dear, fa suspicious ot that
young architect who is visiting our
MaheL"
"Whyr
"He'a a designing fellow."
getting the beginning ot eugenics.
When the instinct of motherhood is
allowed tree play we shall bocomo
coBstractlve. synthetic. peaceful.
Twentieth Century Magazine.
The Young Idea.
"When yoa are a man. my eon, I do
not want you to grovel on the earth,
but to fly oa the heights."
-What will I fly with, pa?"
"Wtth a fine Ideal, my soa."
"Say. pa, can X work tt with
LITTLE MISS CALIPERS
How a Sick Lumberjack's Daugh
ter Made Good.
By N. J. COTTON.
Amos Tattle hobbled slowly Into his
rode log shack, a halt mile below the
landing and camp ot the Kilkenney
Lumber company, and wearily threw
down his string of wooden figure tab
lets and calipers.
"It's no use," he dejectedly exclaim
ed. "I can't go on with that scaling.
The rheumatism has got me worse
than ever. I doat know what's to be
done. I asked Dona for a lay-off to
night, and he told me if I quit now
It would he for good. He's had it In
! for me for a long time, and I sup
pose he thinks this is his chance to
ship me."
"I'm sure I don't know what is to
' become of us, with a payment due on
1 the farm.' complained Mrs. Tattle, a
j little worn, tired-faced woman.
I "Say. dad! cheerfully exclaimed a
! sturdy, rosy-cheeked girl of eighteen.
' throwing an arm lovingly around his
I neck. "Why cant I take your place oa
I the log pile? I have been with you ever
1 since I can remember, scaling tim
! her -
"Why. gaL replied the old man.
tenderly stroking her cheek. It's bo
place for you among all those rough
"But I know the most ot them,
dad. and I am not afraid.'
"Amos Tattle loved his daughter
I better than anything else oa earth, and
ho was proud to have her offer to
step into the breach. Bat instinct
ively he shrank from consenting to
her coming in contact with
; ui those rough men. For sev-
I sral moments he tenderly regarded
i aer la thoughtful silence. At length
5 ie spoke, but with evident relue-
aalc
"Well. Rita, if Dunn is willing you
may try It. but if any of those Jacks
insult you. gal, tell me. and I'll crawl
ap there oa my hands aad knees and
ihoot the cusses."
Then next morning Amos Tuttle
nntBr ,tB it- mntl
overshoes, and her riotous curls con
fined by a long topped Canadian to
boggan cap, she successfully defied
the cold and was a most bewitching
wood nymph personified.
Jim Dunn, the boss, was alone
on the landing when she arrived. The
teams had gone up the mountain
after their first load, and the landing
men had not come up from the camp.
Dunn was a big. coarse, illiterate man.
who kept his job by sheer muscular
force.
"Hello,
a coarse.
little one." he exclaimed in
coarse, familiar voice.
Rita acknowledged . the greeting as
graciously as possible. She had an in-
stinctive dread of this man.
"Father is hud up with rheumatism.
Hay I take his place?"
Dunn regarded her a moment in
open admiration before answering,
then laughing coarsely he said:
i "It's irregular. gaL and might cost
j me me job. If the company knew
It- But, 1 11 he danged if I won't do
it. on one consideration- 11 you 11 give
me a kiss every morning. 1 11 do it,'
he finished,
i Rita's heart eank.
' "Is there no other alternative?" she
asked.
1 "I don't know what that jawbreak-
" means; but I reckon you mean, is
: there another loop-hole? I opine there
I a- ss a aay. or you aonx
Kt the job."
I rut uaugnie- m yours w mj
2 Place. Mr. Dunn." she pleaded.
' "Aint got none, an' If I had reckon
a kiss wouldnt hurt her any. was his
- unfeeling reply. Her plea had fallen
l ob barren ground. She hesitated. It
I T,? us proposition he of-
i tered. but oa it hung her fathers job.
' and they needed the money.
I "I accept," she crisply replied, "pro-
Is around."
say. Guess 111 take me first install-
i
f meat now.
w.-.
t POWerillS
dissrust for this beast fill-
1 ed her souL
Bat she resolutely held
up her head and submitted to the
sacrilege-
It was veil Amos Tuttle did not
witness the act; it he had Jim Dunn
would never have lived to insult an
other woman.
Energetically wiping her outraged
lips. Rita went to the scaler's tittle
! shack to wait for her first load ot
I timber.
I le w-c wa- 1aiib hafnrm osa t toama
! tBft tandinBL vith elankin, of
I T-iiTiRL booming of dragging timber.
i and hoarse shouts of the teamsters.
I Rita's debut created a sensation, but
It vras a cordial, good-natured one.
Admiration for the plucky girl who
so bravely took her father's place amid
such trying circumstances brought out
a about ot approval from those rough
men. One old teamster, a friend ot
her father's, shouted enthusiastically:
"Bully for yew. little Miss CU-
pers
A cheer and the name were taken
ap and repeated, until the woods rang
with the echoes.
There was not a man tn camp but
would have championed her. - and
aken a licking from Dunn, had she
appealed to them. But she realized
Dunn wan a power there, and it would
do no good to appeal to anyone. When
she could stand it no longer she would
suit.
A week paaaed, and Mr. Tattle grew
no better. Dunn was somewhat ad
dicted to drink, and on several occa
sions Rita had been saved farther in
dignities by the opportune arrival of
the landing man.
On Mondav morninr Dnnn had been
drinking more than common, and in
sisted on kissing Rita several times
before he would release her.
Suddenly she was conscious of a
stranger present, and looking up she
saw a tall young man standing in the
doorway sympathetically regarding
her.
There was a quick step, and a
clenched fist caught Dunn on the ear.
and he went down. With a curse, he
was on his feet In an instant, ugly as
a bun. Dunn was a fighter, and Rita
trembled for the stranger; but her
concern was needless; he just played
with Dunn; circling around him, and
when he wished he promptly knock
ed him down, until Dunn, acknowledg
ed he bad enough.
Now," said the stranger, standing
over tne prostrate man. " don t you f
ever try to insult this girl again, or
you won't get off so easy next time;
and remember she is to continue with
the scaling unmolested. I suppose
you may as well know, first as last,
that I am Ralph Orton, eldest son ot
Arthur Orton. senior member of the
Kilkenney Lumber company. I shall
be here for some time, looking after
our interests; and if I hear of any
more of your deviltry, we shall dis
pense with your services."
Finishing, with a cheerful nod to
Rita, he turned ob his heel and walk
ed away.
Dunn painfully rose to his feet and
slunk away, a look of concentrated ha
tred on his brutalized face. Rita, trem
bling with excitement, went into the
shack to think, and secretly cherish
something new and strange .that
had entered her souL
The days and weeks went by unin
terrupted. Ralph Orton took up his
abode at Tattle's home, and the old
man soon acquired a distinct liking for
this energetic young man. Ralph
helped Rita with her work when he
was not on the mountain.
Dunn kept his place in sullen, vin
dictive silence. Ralph and Rita soon
fell into the pleasant habit of waiting
for each other at the landing, and
walking home together in the twi
light.
It was a Saturday night in Febru
ary. The men had all come off the
mountain early, except Ralph and
Dunn. Anxiously Rita waited, but still
they did not come. The sun had drop
ped behind the western horizon in a
deep red setting, tinging the snow
blood red. She trembled. A forebod
ing of danger reached out and closed
about her heart. Suddenly she heard
a step on the snow. Darting behind a
tree, she waited, alert and expectant.
Her quick ear told her it was Dunn.
Presently he came in sight, and her
heart sank like lead. His face car
ied a covert look of triumph. In
stinctively she knew something had
happened to Ralph. Soon as his foot
steps had died awry she sprang into
the road and sped up the hard moun
tain road like a startled fawn.
Her one thought was of the man
she loved better than life. She had
no definite idea where to look for
him; nor had it occurred to her to
alarm the man. She knew he was in
grave danger somewhere on that bleak
mountain side, and on her rested the
task of rescuing him; so. panting and
trembling, she sped on. Every few
steps she stopped and called his name.
No answer come back, but the moan
ing of the light breeze through the
woods. On Bhe pushed to the top of
a ridge. It had got quite dark now.
Pausing on a ledge almost on the top
of the cant, she shouted:
"Ralph! Ralph! where are your"
"Here. Rita, at the top of the cant,"
came the quiet, reassuring reply. With
a glad cry she hurried to the top of
the ridge, where a hme spruce stood.
Then she stopped, and her heart
sprang into her throat. She saw his
uaoger, and swayed dizzily.
"Courage, my Utile girl, courage,"
came from the smiling Bps In cool,
even tones. "This is some of that devil
Dunn's work. When my back was turn
ed tbs coward laid me out. Take heart,
little one. we win yet." It was an ap
palling situation. Ralph was bound
to the lone spruce with a piece of
snub warp. The spruce was near
ly cut off. so that it crackeJ ominous
ly in the rising wind.
Rita heard it roaring in the distance,
and knew when that wave reached
them the spruce would break and leap
over the ridge to the north, a sheer
drop of one hundred feet. A name
less terror seized her as she frantically
dug at the knots, and the rising wind
roared in her ears like the knell of
doom.
Take it easy. Rita, dear, there la
plenty of time." his cool voice reas
sured her. "My knife is in my pocket,
tear it out and cut the warp."
Nearer and nearer the wind came,
roaring like a demon in her ears.
With one last mad effort she cut the
last coil, and Ralph stepped from the
tree. safe.
With a wild, exultant swoop the
wind tore through the tree tops and.
with a sharp crack, the lone spruce
sprang over the ledge.
"My brave little girl." he tenderly
whispered as she clung to him. chok
ing back quick, nervous sobs.
-Thank God! you are safe. Ralph."
'she fervently murmured.
-God is good, my dear,'
the :
her reply.
"Let us thank him. Ralph," she soft
ly whispered.
Devoutly two faces were lifted
heavenward, one, fair and trustful,
the other strong, masterful, compell
ing, and in each were th.nVg mute
and appealing.
(Copyright. BO. ny the McCSnre Nwe
papar BiadhaleJ
AMERICA MIGHT COPY THESE
English Towns and Villages Shown to
Be Far Ahead of Those of
This Country.
Those who read the report of the
Stanley investigating committee,
which arraigned the methods of the
United States Steel corporatkn to
dealing with its employes, will be
impressed by -an account of an Eng
lish Tillage, which was printed recent
ly in the Yorkshire Observer of
Bradford, Knglanl The condition ot
the average small wage earner in the
mine and factory districts of the Unit
ed States is not enviable. Social sur
veys have afforded the general public
opportunities to study the way hs
which these poorer Americans Bve.
Ia contrast is the successful experi
ment conducted - by the Yorkshire
Main colliery at Kdlingtoa. near Doe
caster, England.
Land near the mine was sold to a
reputable land development company .
which in turn sells or leases pwjtai to
private bunders. The latter are re
quired to conform to a sanitary and
architecturally pleasing plan approved
by tie colliery company. The site of
the village is 120 feet above the sea
leveL Ob one hand is a picnicking
woods and on the other hinting
grounds and the picturesque cliff of
Levitt Hagg. The streets are wide
and have grass plots aad trees ia the
center. There are ample yards, the
business houses are confined to
particular district and space has I
allotted to four churches. Tw
ation grounds have been laid out with
a combined area of four acres. In the
center of another four acres is the
village schooL At present there are
850 cottages, but with aa addition un
der way, the number win soon be In
creased to 1.400. Indianapolis News.
CO-OPERATION IN RURAL LIFE
Governor of Oregon Has
Commission Which
Promise Good ReseJta,
The governor of Oregon has appoint
ed a "Rural Life Commissioa" of 13
members, four ot them women. Its
slogan Is "cooperation," which at the
very outset is applied to good roads,
betterment in housing, impioustit
In in farm products aad marketing,
better teachers and increased pay for
them, one church for one cowuanmlxy.
and a lot of things which would net
be attempted by the individual. For
example: Many farms have rousing
water in the barn to save the labor
of men, and none fh the house for the
convenience of women. This is to be
remedied. Hereafter, by the plan, all
farmers shall raise the same products,
so that the middlemen will come to
the community instead of the farmer
going to the market with only his own
wares. There will be uniformity ot
price, saving in freight and advertis
ing, and prompt payment for goods
In our village there were two
churches on opposite corners, and a
school and a grange hall similarly sit
uated. It is proposed to dose both
churches, using one for a neighbor
hood home, with gymnasium, Ehrary.
etc, and using the grange kail for
preaching. Sundays.
Must Plan tor :
Of much more importance
plans for streets, are those for the
structures on them. In fact, often ex
penditure for streets indirectly raises
death rates. I have ia mind several
cities near here that have spent all
of their money, bonded themselves to
the utmost, and are now practieaSIy
bankrupt, having exhausted their re
sources for expensive paving, wrote
Daniel H. Burn ham. Their death
rates are high, yet they can do aeth
lng for their people, because of their
orgies of street building- They have
no health department, bo hospitals, bo
laboratories, no school inspection, no
bunding inspection, no anything which
runs straight to the welfare of the
people, because of their
provements.
Clerks Should Read the Ada.
The success of any retail store de
pends largely upon the loyalty ana to-,
teUigent efforts of the clerks.
Advertising has a great deal to du
with store success. Is absolutely sicca
sary, in fact, but the clerk has the last
call on the customer. The effect of
the advertising is tempered by the ef
forts of the clerk.
The ad brings the customer in sag-,
gests quality aad value but the clerk
must do the rest.
Every live clerk should believe to
advertising should read 11I11 1 Hilar.
should know every morning what has
own store and its competitor ta ad
vertising for that day.
-Out of Sight, Oat of Mind."
"To discontinue advertising." says
ex-Postmaster General John Wanav
xnaker (one ot the largest advertisers
in the world and, naturally
one ot the most successful
men). "Is like taking down your 1
It yon want to do business, yoa
let the people know It. I
soon think ot doing hnstncii
tiarks as without advuftndng.-
