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THE NEBRASKA INDEPENDENT
December 5f 1901
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I1IM1GE
11 II KISS
Governmental Problems
. Dwelt On at Length In!
the Document.
te : EXCLUSION , GF THE K
Czolgosz and His !lk Enemies of
- the Human Race. :
THE MERITS OF RECIPROCITY.
President Defends the' Workings of the
flrotective Tariff Construction, of - the
Klcaraguan Canal Urged, and the Lay
,nS Cable to Hawaii and the
Philippines Changes In th Present
SXilltla Laws Becommended The Navy.
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A comprehensive synopsis of President
Stoosevelt's message to Congress la given be
low: i i " ..
fTo the Senate and House of Representatives:
The Con cress assembles this year under
Oe shadow of a great calamity. On the sixth
etf September, President McKlnley was shot
T an anarchist while attending the Pan
American Exposition at Buffalo, and died in
that city on the fourteenth of that month.
"Of the last seven elected Presidents, he Is
Cha third who has been murdered, and the
pare recital of this fact Is sufficient to Jus
tify grave alarm, amorg all loyal American
VttiSeHLS. Moreover th -!rr.imctor,,.oo nf IVIb
the third assassination of an American Presi-
frtlr iiTe peculiarly sinister significance.
w "Biaeni tiincoin ana resident Gar-
eld Were killed IlT (nWISnlna rf timaa l,Yifn,
-uately not uncommon in history. President
uAneoln fallln? a victim tn iha tn:viii r.o
ions aroused by four years of civil war,
fmd President Garfield to the revengeful van-
disappointed offlce-seeSer. President
McKJaley was. killed by an utterly depraved
criminal belonging to that body of criminals
srhe .object to all governments, good and bad
alike, who are against any form , of popular
liberty If it is guaranteed by even the most
Just and liberal laws, and who are as hostile
to the upright exponent of a free people's
oher will as to the tyrannical and lrresponsi
, ite despot.
-'. "It la not too much to say that at the time
It President McKlnley'a death he was . the
Vsost widely loved man in all the United
0 tales; while we have never had any public
froaa. of his position who hai been so wholly
, (tree from the bitter animosities incident to
tasllc life. There could be no personal
istred of him, for he never acted with aught
ut const Jeratlon for the welfare of others.
Jfo one could fail to respect him who knew
pim in public or private life. The defenders
if those murdererous criminals who seek to
xmuse their criminality by asserting that it
fa exercised for political ends, inveigh against
wealth and irresponsible power. But for this
assassination even this base apology can
not bo urged." .
The President speaks In the highest terma
f the personal and public virtues of Mr. Mc
Jpaley. -Describing the nature of the assas
sination and the motive that inspired It. the ,
noaaage continues:
Motive of the Assassin.
The Wow was aimed not at this Presi
dent, but at all Presidents at every symbol of
government The anarchist, and especially
,the anarchist in the United States, is merely
ene type of criminal, more dangerous than
any ether because he represents the same
depravity in a greater degree.- The man who
advocates anarchy . directly or indirectly, in
any ahape or fashion, or the man who apolo
gises for anarchists and their deeds,' makes
Jitmself morally accessory to murder before
the fact. The anarchist is a criminal whose
perverted instincts lead him to prefer Confu
cian and chaos to the most beneficent form
Cf social order. His protest pf concern for
Wn-kiagmen is outrageous . in its impudent
Jalsity; for if the political institutions of this
farantry do not afford opportunity to every
honest and intelligent son of toll, then the
door of hope is forever closed against him.
.The anarchist Is everywhere not merely the
fenemy of system and progress, but the dead
jly foe of liberty. If ever anarchy is triumph
teat Its triumph will last for but one red
Clement, to be succeeded for ages by the
Ktopmy night of despotism.
Would Exclude Anarchists.-
' earnestly recommend to the Congress
that in the exercise of its wise discretion it
lahovld take into consideration the coming
to this country of anarchists or persons pro
teasing principles hostile to all government
pad Justifying the murder of those placed
jtn authority. No matter calls more urgently
(tor the wisest thought of the Congress.
' "The Federal courts should be given Jnrls
idUrCon over any man who kills or attempts
to gia the President or any man who by the
ICoastitution or by-law is in line of succes-'
talon for the Presidency, while the punish-
mubuv iot an uneuccesstui attempt should be
iuiwruuHi io me enormny oi me onense
against our institutions.
"Aaarehv is a rr1m oroint
IJMnoan race; and all mankind should band
jagalnst the anarchist. His crime should be
jinade an offense against the law of nations,
piracy and that form of manstealing
taanm as the slave trade for it is of far
btakr infamy than either. It should be so
dacUrad by treaties among all clviliied pow-
The Trent Problem.
"The tremendous and highly complex
tadustrial development which went on with
ever accelerated rapidity during the latter
alf of the nineteenth century brings us face
(to face, at the beginning of the twentieth,
with very serious social problems. The old
2aws. asid the old customs which had almost
(the binding force of law, -were once quite
paflicfant to regulate the accumulation and
. -:- -- iuv.ui.tnai
-vnicn nave so enormously increased
.oduetive power of mankind, thev are no
Sr sufficient.
The creation of great corporate fortunes
Inns not been due to the tariff nor to any
(other governmental action, but to natural
'teauses In the business world, operating" In
otiirr countries as they operate in our own.
'It is not true that as the rich have grown
richer the poor have grown poorer. On the
rntrary. never before has the average man.
the wuge-worker, the farmer, the small trad
er, been so well off as in this country and
at the present time. There have been abuses
jsamected with the accumulation of wealth;
ywt ii remains true tnai a roriune accumu
lated only on condition of conferring im
meusa Incidental benefits upon others. Suc-
eoeafBi enterprise, of the type which benefits
all man tied, can only exist if the conditions
are such as to offer great prizes as the re
wards af success.
"The captains of industry who have driven
tha railway systems acres this continent,
who have .built up our commerce, who have
developed our manufactures, have on the
whole done great good to our people. With
out them the material development of which
ws are so Ju3tly proud could never havo
taken pace. - Moreover, we should recogn'.3e
tho immense importance to this material
develejsient of leaving as unhampered ' as
fs compatible with the public good tha strong
and . forceful men upon whom the success
ei business operations inevitably rests.
"--. Cantlon 1 Urged. ';
i "An additional reason for caution In deal
ing with corporations' Is to be found In the
" international commercial conditions of to-
Say. The same business conditions which
ave produced the great aggregations pf cor-
? orate and individual wealth have madthem
ery potent factors in international commer
cial competition. America has only just
begun te assume that commanding position
tthe international business world which we
lleve will more and more be hers.- It -is
' of the utmost Importance that this position
be not jeoparded, especially at a time whan
the everfiowing abundance of our own natu
ral resources and the skill, business enersv.
. and nierbanical aptitude of our people make
foreign markets essential.-. Under such con
ditions It would, be most unwise to cramp
or to fetter the youthful strength '6f our
nation. - j
"Disaster to great business enterorlses can
.never have its effects limited to the men at
iVia Ion. It STiroarls thrnnrhnnt inil vhiU It
gbai for everybody, it is worst for those
rthest down. The capitalist may be shorn
of his luxuries; but . the wage-worker may
'in iaciac new inausmai -conditions, the
' yiole history of tho world shows that legis-
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latlon will generally be both mawlse and In
effective unless undertaken after calm Inquiry
and with sober self-restraint. Much ef the
legislation directed at the trusts would have
been exceedingly mischievous had it not also
teen entirely ineffective. In dealing with
business Interests, tor the government to un
dertake by crude and ill-considered legisla-t
tlon to do what may turn out te be bad,
would be to Incur the liak of such far-reaching
national disaster that It would be prefer
able to undertake nothing at all.
"All this is true; and yet It Is alsoltrue
that there are real and grave evils, one of
the -ehlef being over-capitalization because
of its many baleful consequences; and a reso
lute and practical ' effort must be made to
correct these evils. i
-." , Government Supervision. " -',
: "It Is no limitation upon property rights
or freedom of contract to require that when
men receive from government the privilege of
doing business under corporate form, which
frees them, from Individual responsibility,
and enables them to call Into their enterprises
the capital of the public, they shall do so
upon absolutely truthful representations aa to
the value of the property in which the capi
tal is to be Invested. Corporations engaged
In interstate commerce should be regulated
if they are found to exercise a license work
ing to the public injury. It should be as
much, the aim of those who seek for social'
betterment to rid the business world of
crimes of cunning as to rid the entire body
politic of crimes of violence. Great corpora
tions exist only because they are created
and safeguarded by our Institutions and It
is therefore our right and our duty to see
that they work in harmony with these insti
tutions. Puhllclty Remedy for Trusts.
; "The first essential in determining hew to
deal with the great Industrial combinations
Is knowledge of the facts publicity. In the
Interest of the public, the government should
have the right to inspect and examine the
workings of the great corporations engaged
In interstate business. Publicity Is the only
sure remedy which we can now invoke. What i
further remedies are needed in the way of '
governmental regulation, or taxation, can
only be determined after publtcity has been
obtained, by process of law, and In the course
of administration. The first ' requisite is
knowledge, full and complete knowledge
which may be made public to the world.
"Artificial bodies, such as corporations and
joint stock or other associations, depending
upon any statutory law for their existence or
privileges, should be subject to proper gov
ernmental supervision, and full and accurate
information as to 'their operations should bo
made public regularly at reasonable intervals.
"The "large corporations, commoply called
trusts, though organized in one state, always
do business in jnany states, often doing very
little business in the state where they are
Incorporated. There Is utter lack of uniform
ity in the state laws about them; and as no
state has any exclusive interest In or power
over their acts, it has in practice proved im
possible to get adequate regulation through
state action. Therefore, in the interest of the
whole people, the Nation should, without in
terfering with the power of the states in the
matter itself; also assume power of super
vision and regulation over all corporations
doing an interstate - business. This is espe
cially true where, the corporation derives a
portion of its wealth from the existence of
some monopolistic element or tendency in its
business. There would be no hardship In
such supervision banks are subject to it,' ana
in their case it is now accepted as a simple
matter of course. Indeed, it is probable that
supervision of corporations by the National
government need not go so far as is now the
case with the supervision exercised over them
by so conservative a state' as Massachusetts,
In order to produce excellent results. ,
"I believe that a law can. be framed which
will enable the National government to exer
cise control along. the, lines above indicated;
profiting by the. experience gained througa
the passage and administration of the Interstate-Commerce
Act. " If, however, the Judg
ment of the Congress is that it lacks the
constitutional power to pass such an act,
then a constitutional amendment should be
submitted to confer the power.
"There snouia be created a Cabinet officer,
to he known as Secretary of Commerce and
Industries, as provided In the bill introduced
at the last session of the Congress. It should
be his province to deal with commerce in its
broadest sense including among many other
things whatever concerns labor and all mat
ters affecting the 1 great business corporations
and our merchant marine.
Restriction on -Immigration'.
"With the sole exception of the farming
Interest, no one matter is of such vital mo
ment to our whole people as the welfare of
the wage-workers, if tne farmer ana tne
wage-worker are well off, it is absolutely
certain that all others will be well 'off,' too.
It is therefore a matter for hearty congratu
lation .that on the whole wages are highor
to-day in the United States than ever before
In our history, and far higher than in any
other country. The standard of living is also
higher than-ever berore. Every effort of leg
islator and administrator should be bent to
secure the permanency1 of this condition of
things and Its improvement wherever possi
ble. Not only must our labor be protected
by the tariff, but it should also be protected
so far as it is possible from the presence in
this country of any ,laborers brought over by
contract, or of those who, coming freely,
yet represent a standard of living so de
pressed that they can undersell, our men in
the labor market and drag them to a lower
level. I regard it as , necessary, with this
end in view, to re-enact immediately the law
excluding Chinese laborers and to strength
en it wherever necessary in-order to make
its enforcement entirely effective.
"So far aa practicable under the conditions
of government work, provision should be
made to render the enforcement of the eight-.
hour law easy and certain. In all indus
tries carried on directly or Indirectly for the
United States government women and chil
dren should be protected from excessive
hours of labor, from night work, and from
work under unsanitary conditions.
"The most vital problem with which this
country, and for that matter the. whole civ
iliied world, has to deal. Is the"- problem
which has for one side the betterment of so
cial conditions, moral -and physical, in large
cities, and for another side the effort to deal
with the tangle of far-reaching questions
which we group together when we speak of
"labor.' ' Very great good has been and will
be accomplished by associations or unions of
wage-workers, , when managed with fore
thought, and when they combine insistence
upon their own rights' with law-abiding re
spect for the rights of others. The display of
these, qualities in such bodies is a duty to the
Nation no less than to the associations them
selves. Finally, there ' must also in many
cases be action by the government in order
to safeguard the rights and interests of " all.
Under our Constitution there is much more
scope for such action by the state and the
municipality than by the Nation. But on
points such as those touched on above the
National government 'can act,
"Our present immigration laws are unsat
isfactory. We need every honest and effi
cient immigrant fitted to become an Ameri
can citizen, every Immigrant who comes here
to stay, who brings here' a strong body, a
stout heart, a. good head, and a resolute pur
pose to do his duty well in every way and to
bring up his children ,as law-abiding and
God-fearing members of the community. But
there should be a comprehensive law enact
ed with the object of working a threefold im
provement over our present system. - First,
we should aim to exclude absolutely not only
all persons who are known to be believers In
anarchistic principles or members of an
archistic societies, but also all persons who
are of a low moral tendency or of unsavory
reputation. This means that we should re
quire a more thorough system of Inspection,
abroad and a more rigid system of examina
tion at our immigration ports, the former be
ing especially necessary.
"The second object of a proper immigra
tion law ought to be to secure by a careful
and not merely perfunctory educational test
some Intelligent capacity to appreciate Amer
ican institutions and. act sanely as Ameri
can citizens. This would not keep out all
anarchists, for many of them belong to the
Intelligent criminal class. But it would do
wnat is also in point, that is, tend to de
crease the sum of Ignorance, so potent in
producing the envy, . suspicion, malignant
passion, and hatred of order, out of which
anarchistic sentiment inevitably springs.
Finally, all -persons should be excluded who
are below a certain standard of economic fit
ness to enter our Industrial field as com-
Eetltors with American labor. There should
e proper proof of personal capacity to earn
an American living and enough money to in
sure a aecem start unaer American condi
tions. This would stop the influx of cheap
labor, and the resulting competition which
gives rise to so much of bitterness in Ameri
can industrial life; and it would dry up the
springs : of the pestilential social conditions
In our great cities, where anarchistic organ
izations have their greatest possibility . of
growth. .
Question, of Reciprocity.
"There is general acqulesence in our pres
ent tariff system as a national policy. The
first requisite to our prosperity is the con
tinuity and stability of this economic policy.
Nothing could-be more unwise than to dis
turb the business Interests of the oountry by
any general tariff change at thla time. Doubt,
apprehension, uncertainty are exactly what
we wish to avoid in -the Interest of our com.
I marclai and material well-being. Our experi-
enee m the past has shown that sweeping
revisions of the tariff - are apt to produce
conditions closely approaching panic In the
business world. Yet it Is not only possible,
but eminently desirable, to combine with the
stability of our economic system a supple
mentary system of reciprocal benefit and obli
gation with other nations. Such reciprocity
is an Incident and result of the firm estab
lishment and preservation of our present
economic policy. It was specially provided
for in the present tariff law.
"Our first duty Is to see that the protection
granted by the tariff in every case where it
is needed is maintained, and that reciprocity
be sought for so far as it can safely be done
without injury to our home Industries. Just
how far this Is must be determined accord
ing to the individual case, remembering al
ways that every application of our tariff pol
icy to meet our shifting national needs must
be conditioned upon the cardinal fact that the
duties must never be reduced below the point
that will cover the difference between the
labor cost here and abroad. The well-being
of the - wage-worker is a prime consideration
of our entire policy of economic legislation.
"Subject to this proviso of the proper pro
tection necessary to our industrial well-being
at home, the principle of reciprocity must
command our heart support. The pheno
menal growth of our export trade emphasizes
the urgency of the need for wider markets
and for a liberal policy in dealing with for
eign nations. Whatever is merely petty and
vexatious in the way of vtrade restrictions
should be avoided. The-customers to whom
we dispose of our surplus products in the
long run, directly or indirectly, purchase
those surplus products by giving us some
thing in return. Their ability to purchase
our products should as far as possible be
secured by so arranging our tariff as to en
able us to take from them those products
which we can use without harm to our own
Industries and labor, or the use of which will
be of marked benefit to us. "
"We have now reached the point In the
development of our interests where we are
not only able to supply our own markets
but to produce a constantly growing surplus
for which we must find markets abroad. To
secure these markets we can utilize existing
duties in any case where they are no longer
needed for the purpose of protction. or In any
case where the article is not produced, hero
and the duty is no longer necessary for
revenue: as giving us something to offer In
exchange for what we ask. The cordial re
lations with other nations which are so de
sirable will naturally be promoted by the
course thus required by our own interests.
"The natural line of development for a
policy ,ef reciprocity will be in connection
with those of our productions which no long
er require all of the support once needed
to establish them upon a sound basis, and
with those others where either because of
natural or of economic causes we are beyond
the reach of successful competition.
"I ask the attention of the Senate to the
reciprocity treaties laid before it by my pre
decessor. '
Onr Merchant Marine.
"The condition of the American merchant
marine is such as to call for Immediate
remedial action by the Congress. It is dis
creditable to us as a Nation that our mer
chant marine should be utterly insignificant
In comparison to that of other nations which
we overtop in other forms of business.
"American shipping is under certain great
disadvantages when put in competition with
the shipping of foreign countries. Many of
the fast foreign steamshlpB, at a Bpeed of
fourteen knots or above, are subsidized; an
all our ships, sailing vessels and steamers
alike, cargo carriers of slow speed and mail
carriers of high speed, have to meet the
fact that the original cost of building Ameri
can ships Is greater than is the case abroad;
that the wages paid American officers and
seamen are very much' higher than those paid
the officers and seamen of foreign competing
countries; and that the standard -of living'
on our ships is far superior to the standard of
living on the ships of our commercial rivals.
"Our government should take, such action
as, will remedy these inequalities. The Amer
ican merchant marine should be restored to
the pcean.
"The Act of March 14, 1900, intended un
equivocally to establish gold as the standard
money and to maintain at a parity therewith
all forms of money medium in use with us,
has been shown to be timely and judicious.
The price of our government bonds in the
world's market, when compared with' the
price of similar obligations issued by other
nations, is a flattering tribute to our public
credit. This condition It is eminently desir
able to maintain.
"In many respects the National Banking
Law furnishes sufficient liberty for the propfcr
exercise of . the banking function but there
seems to be need of better safeguards against
the deranging influence of commercial crises
and financial panics. Moreover the currency
of tho country should be made responsive
to the demands of our domestic trade and
commerce. '
Reduction of Revenues.
"The collections from duties on imports and
Internal taxes continue to exceed the ordi
nary expenditures. The utmost caTe should
be taken not to reduce the revenues so that
thre will be any possibility of a deficit; but,
after providing against any such contingency,
means should be adopted which will bring the
revenues more nearly within the limit of our
actual needs.
"I call special attention to the need of strict
economy in expenditures. The fact that our
national needs forbid us to be niggardly In
providing whatever is actually necessary to
our well-being, should make us doubly care
ful to husband our national resources, as
each 'of us husbands his private resources, by
scrupulous avoidance of anything like waste
ful or reckless expenditure.
Regulation of Railroads.
In 1887 a measure was enacted for the reg
ulation of interstate railways, commonly
known as the Interstate Commerce Act. The
cardinal provisions of that act were that
railway rates should be just and reasonable
and that all shippers, localities, and commo
dities should be accorded equal treatment. A
commission was created and endowed with
what were supposed to be the necessary pow
ers to execute the provisions of this act.
, "That law was largely an experiment. Ex
perience has shown the wisdom of Its pur
poses, but has also' shown, possibly that some
of its requirements are wrong, certainly that
the means devised for the enforcement of its
provisions are defective.
"The act should be amended. The railway
is a public servant. Its rates should be just
to and open to all shippers alike. The gov
ernment should see to it that within its juris
diction this is so and should provide a speedy,
inexpensive, and effective remedy to that end.
At the same ilme it must not be forgotten that
our railways are the arteries through which
the commercial Ufeblood of this nation flows.
Nothing could be more foolish than the en
actment of legislation which would unneces
sarily interfere with the development and
operation of these commercial agencies. The
subject is one of great importance and calls
for the earnest attention of the Congress.
The message points out the value of the
American forests and the necessity for their
conservation, and urges the construction and
maintenance of reservoirs and irrigating
systems for the reclamation of the arid lands
of the West. Of the water rights It says:
"In the arid states the only right to water
which should be recognized Is that of use. In
irrigation this right should attach to the
land reclaimed and be inseparable therefrom.
Granting perpetual water rights to others
than users, without compensation to the
public, is open to all the objections which
apply tb giving away perpetual franchises to
the public utilities of cities. A few of the
Western states have already recognized this
and have incorporated in their constitutions
the doctrine of jperpetual state ownership of
water.
Development of Hawaii.
"Our aim should be not simply to reclaim
the' largest area of land and provide homes
for the largest number of people, but to
create for this new industry the best possible
social and industrial conditions; and this re
quires that we not only understand the ex
isting situation, but avail ourselves of ' the
best experience of ' the time in the solution
of its problems. A careful study should be
made, both by the nation and the states, of
the irigatlon laws and conditions here and
abroad. Ultimately It will probably be neces
sary for the nation to co-operate with the
several arid states in proportion as these
states by their legislation and administration
show themselves fit to 'receive it. j
"In Hawaii our aim must be to develop the
territory on the traditional American lines.
We do not wish a region of large cities tilled
by cheap labor; we wish a healthy American
community of men who themselves till the
farms they own. All our legislation for the
Islands should be shaped with this end in
view; the well-being ofthe average home
maker must afford the true test ef the
healthy development of the islands. The
land policy should as nearly as possible be
modeled on our homestead system. ' -
"It Is a pleasure to say that It is hardly
more necessary to report as to Porto Rico
than as to any state or territory within our
continental limits. The island is thriving as
never before, and It Is being administered
efficiently and honestly. Its people are now
enjoying liberty and order under the -protection
of the United States, and upon this
fact we congratulate them and euraelves.
Their material welfare mu6t be as carefully
and Jealously considered - as the-welfare of
any other portion of our country. We have
given them the great, gift of free access for
their products to the markets of the United
States. I ask the attention , of the Congress
to the need of legislation concerning the pub
lic lands of Porto Rico, r ' ' f ? .
'I V7 ; Progress In Cuba. :"'
"In Cuba such progress has been made to
ward putting the independent government of
the island upon a firm footing that before the
present session of the Congress closes this
will be an accomplished fact. Cuba will then
start as her own mistress; and to th beauti
ful Queen of the Antilles, as she unfolds this
new page of her destiny, we extend our
heartiest greetings and good wishes. Else
where I have discussed the question of reci
procity. In the case of Cuba, however, there
are weighty reasons of morality and of na
tional Interest why the policy should be held
to have a peculiar application, and I most
earnestly ask your attention to the wisdom,
indeed to the vital need, of providing fer a
substantial reduction in the tariff duties on
Cuban imports Into the United States. Cuba
has in her constitution affirmed what we de
sired, that she should stand, in international
matters, in closer and more friendly relations
with us than with any other power; and we
are bound by every consideration of honor
and expediency to pass commercial measures
In the interest of her material well-being.
The Philippine Problem.
"In the Philippines our problem is larger.
They are very rich tropical Islands, inhabi
ted by many varying tribes, representing
widely urfferent stages of progress toward
civilization. Our earnest-' effort is to- help
these people upward along the stony and dif
ficult path that leads to self-government. We
hope to make our administration . of the Is
lands honorable to our nation by making it
of the highest benefit to' the Filipinos them
selves; and as an earnest of what we intend
to do, we point to what we have done. Al
ready a greater measure of material prosper
ity and of governmental honesty and effici
ency has been attained In the Philippines
than ever before In their history.
"4 "In dealing with the Philippine people we
must sho loth patience and strength, for
bearance and steadfast resolution. Our aim
is high. We do not desire to 1 do for the Is
landers merely what has elsewhere been done
for tropic peoples by even the best foreign
governments. W hope to do for them what
has never before, been done for any people
pf the tropics to make them fit for self
government after the fashion of the really
free nations.
. "To leave the islands at this time would
mean that they would fall Into a welter . of
murderous anarchy. Such desertion of duty
on our part would be a crime against hu
manity. The character of Governor Taft and
of his associates and subordinates is a proof,
if such be needed, of the sincerity of, our ef
fort to give the islanders a constantly in
creasing measure of self-government, exactly
as fast as they show themselves fit to exer
cise It. Since the civil government was es
tablished not an appointment has been made
in the Islands with any reference to consider
ations of political influence, or to aught else
save the fitness of the man and the needs
of the service.
"There are still troubles ahead In the Is
lands. The insurrection has become an affair
of local banditti and marauders, who deserve
no higher regard than the brigands of por
tions of the old world. Encouragement, di
rect or indirect, to these Insurrectos Btands
on the same footing as encouragement to hos
tile Indians in, the days when we still had In
dian wars. As we will do everything In our
power for the Filipino" who 'is peaceful, we
will take the sternest measures with the
Filipinos who -follow, the path of the lnsur
recto and the ladrone.'
"The time has come when there should be
additional legislation for the . Philippines.
Nothing better can" be done for the islands
than to introduce industrial enterprises.
Nothing would benefit them so" much as
throwing them open to industrial develop
ment. It Is therefore necessary that the
Congress should pass laws by which the re-,
sources of the Islands can be developed; so
that franchises (for limited terms of years)
can be granted to companies doing business
in them, and every encouragement be given
to the incoming of business men of every
kind.
"I call your attention, most earnestly to the
crying need of a cable to Hawaii and the
Philippines, to be continued from the Phil
ippines to points in Asia. We should not
defer a day longer ; than necessary the con
struction of such a cable. It is demanded
not merely ,for commercial but for political
and military considerations.
"Either the Congress should immediately
provide for the construction of a govern
ment cable, or else' an arrangement should
be made by which like advantages to those
accruing from a government cable may be
secured to the government by contract with
a private cable company.
Recommends, Nlcaraguan Canal.
"No single great material work which re
mains to be undertaken on this continent is
of such consequence to the American people
as the building of a canal across the Isthmus
connecting North and South America. While
Its beneficial effects would perhaps be most
marked upon the Pacific coast and the gulf
and South Atlantic states. It would also
greatly benefit other sections. It Is em
phatically a work which it is for the Interest
of the entire country to begin and complete
as soon as possible; it is one of those great
works which only a great nation can x under
take with prospects of success, and which
when done are not only permanent assets
in the nation's material interests, but stand
ing monuments to its constructive ability.
"I am glad to be able to announce to you
that our negotiations on this subject with
Great Britain, conducted on both aides in a
spirit of friendliness and mutual good will
and respect, have resulted In my being able
to lay before the Senate a treaty which if
ratified will enable us to begin preparations
for an Isthmian canal at any time, and which
guarantees to this nation every, right that
it has ever asked in connection with the
canal. In this treaty, the old Clayton-Bul-wer
treaty, so long recognized as inadequate
to supply the base for the cqnstruction and
maintenance of a necessarily American ship
canal, Is abrogated. It specifically provides
that the United States alone shall do the
work of building and assume the responsi
bility of safeguarding the canal and shall
regulate Its neutral use by all nations on
terms of equality without the guaranty or
interference of any outside nation from any
quarter. The signed treaty will at once be
laid before the Senate, and If approved the
CongresB can then proceed to give effect to
the advantages It secures us by providing for
the building of the canal.
"The true end of every great and free peo
ple should be self-respecting peace; and this
nation most earnestly desires sincere and
cordial .friendship with all others. Over the
entire world, of recent years, wars between
the great civilized powers have become less
and less frequent. Wars with barbarous or
smi-barbarous peoples come in an entirely
different category, being merely a most re
grettable but necessary International police
duty which must be performed for the sake
of the welfare of mankind. Peace can only
be kept with certainty where both sides wish
to keep It; but more and more the civilized
peoples are realizing the wicked folly of war
and are attaining that condition of just and
intelligent regard for the. rights of others
which will in the end, as we hope and be
lieve, make world-wide peace possible. The
peace conference at The Hague gave definite
expression to this hope and. belief and mark
ed a stride toward their attainment.
- The Monroe Doctrine.
' - - . -
"This same peace conference acquiesced in
our statement of the Monroe doctrine as
compatible with the purposes and alms of
the conference.
"The Monroe doctrine should be the car
dinal feature of the foreign policy of all the
nations of the two Americas, as it Is of the
United States. The doctrine is a declara
tion that there must be no territorial ag
grandizement by any non-American power at
the expense of any American power on Amer
ican soil. It Is In no wise intended as hostile
to any nation in the old world. Still less is
it Intended to give cover to any aggression
by one new world power at the expense of
any other. It Is simply a step, and a long
step, toward assuring the universal peace of
the world by securing the possibility of per
manent peace on this hemisphere.
"This doctrine has nothing to do with the
commercial relations of any American power,
save that it In truth allows each of them to
form Buch as it desires. In other words, it
is really a guaranty of the commercial In
dependence of the Americas. We do not ask
under this doctrine for any exclusive com
mercial dealings with any other American
state. We do not guarantee any state against
punishment if It misconducts itself, pro
vided that punishment does not take the
form of the acquisition, of territory by any
non-American power.
"Our attitude in Cuba is a sufficient guar
anty ef our own good faith. We have not
the slightest desire to secure any territory
at the expense of any of our neighbors.. We
wish to work wtth them hand in hand, so
that all of us may be uplifted together, and
we rejoice over the good fortune of any of
them, we gladly hail their material prosper
ity and political stability, and are concerned
and alarmed -If any of them fall late Indus-
1 4 -". ...V- . . w v.,.!.' .A . .'.'., ,
trial or political chaos. We do not wish to
.see any old world military power grow up on
this continent, or to be compelled to became
a military power ourselves. The peoples of
the America can prosper best if left to work
our their own salvation In their own way.
V ' -Powerful Navy Urged. "
"The work of upbuilding the navy must be
steadily 'continued. Whether we desire it or
not, we must henceforth recognize that we
have international duties no less than inter
national rights. Even If our lag were haul
ed down In the Philippines and Porto Rico,
even If we decided not to build the Isthmian
canal, we should need a thoroughly trained
navy of adequate size, or else be prepared
definitely and for all time to abandon the
idea that our nation is among those whose
sons go down to the sea in ships. Unless
our commerce is always to be carried In for
eign bottoms, we must have war craft to
protect it. --
"So far from being In any way a provoca
tion to war, an adequate and highly trained
navy is the best guaranty against war, the
cheapest and most effective peace insurance.
The cost of building and maintaining such a
navy represents the very lightest premium
for Insuring paece which this nation can
possibly pay.
''Probably no other great nation In the
w6rld Is so anxious for peace aa we are.
There is not a single civilized power which
has anything whatever to fsar from ag
gressiveness on our part. All we want is
speace; and toward this end we wish to be
able to secure the same respect for our
rights in return, to insure fair treatment to
us commercially, and to guarantee the safety
of the American people.
""Our people intend to abide by the Mon
roe doctrine and to Insist upon it as the one
sure means of securing the peace of the
Western hemisphere. The navy offers tus the
only means of making our insistence' upon
the Monroe doctrine anything but a sub
ject of derision to whatever nation chooses
to disregard it. We desire the peace which
comes as of right to the just man armed;
not the peace granted en terms of ignominy
to the craven and the weakling.
"It. is not possible to Improvise a natry
after war breaks out. - The ships must be
built and the men trained long in advance.
In the late war with Spain the ships that
dealt the decisive blows at Manila and San
tiago had been launched, from two to four
teen years, and they were able to do as they
did because the men in the conning towers,
the gun turrets and the engine-rooms had
through long years of practice at sea learned
how to do their duty.
"It was forethought afid preparation which
secured us the overwhelming triumph of 1898.
If we fail to ehow forethought and prepara
tion now, there may come a time when dis
aster will befall us instead of triumph; and
should this time come, the. fault will rest
primarily, not upon those whom the acci
dent ef events puts in supreme command at
the moment, but upon those who have failed
to prepare in advance. '
"There should be no cessation In the work
of completing our navy. It is unsafe - and
unwise not- to provide this year for several
additional battleships and heavy armored
cruisers, with' auxiliary and lighter craft in
proportion; for the exact numbers and char
acter I refer you to the report of the Secre-
tary of the Navy. But there is something wet
need even .more than additional ships, . and
this is additional officers and men. To provide-battleships
and cruisers and -then lay
them up, with the expectation of leaving
them unmanned until they are needed in
actual war, would be worse than folly; it
would be a crime against the nation
"To send any warship against a competent
enemy unless those aboard it have been
trained by years of actual sea service, in
cluding incessant gunnery practice, would be
to invite not merely J'saster, but the bitter
est shame and humiliation. Four thousand
additional seamen and one thousand addi
tional marines should be provided; and an
increase in the officers should be provided
by making a large addition to the classes at
Annapolis.
Our Present Naval Force.
"We now have seventeen battleships ap
propriated i'or, of which nine are completed
and have been commissioned for actual serv
ice. The remaining eight will be - ready In
from two to four years, but it will take at
least that time to recruit and train the -men
to fight them. It is of vast concern that we
have trained crews ready for the vessels by
the time they a commissioned. Good ships
and good guns ar simply good weapons, and
the best weapons are useless save in the
hands of men who know how to fight with
them. The men must be trained and drilled
under a thorough and well-planned system
of progressive Instruction, while the recruit
ing must be carried on with still greater
vigor.
"The naval militia forces are state organi
atlons, and are trained for coast service, and
In event of war they will constitute the inner
line of defense. They should receive hearty
encouragement from the general government.
"But in addition we should at once pro
vide for a National Naval Reserve, organized
and trained under the direction of the Navy
Department, and subject to the call of the
Chief Executive whenever war becomes Imminent-
It should be a real auxiliary to the
naval seagoing peace establishment, and of
fer material to be drawn on at once for
manning our ships in time of war. It should
be composed of graduates of the Naval Acad
emy, graduates of the Naval Militia, officers
and crews of coast-line steamers, longshore
schooners, . fishing vessels and steam yachts,
together with the coast population about
such centers as life-saving stations and light
bouses. Need for Powerful Navy.
"The American people must either build
and maintain an adequate ravy or else make
up their minds definitely to accept a sec
ondary position In international affairs, not
merely In political, but in commercial, mat
ters. It has been well said that there Is no
surer way of courting national disaster than
to be 'opulent, aggressive, and unarmed.'
"It Is not necessary to Increase our army
beyond its present size at this time. But it
is necessary to keep it at the highest point
of efficiency.
"Every effort should be made to bring the
army to a constantly increasing state of ef
ficiency. When on actual service no work
save that directly In the line of such service
should be required. The paper work in the
army, as in the navy, should be greatly re
duced. What is needed is proved powe of
command and capacity to work well In the
field. Constant care Is necessary to prevent
dry rot in the transportation and commis
sary departments. ".
"The Congress should provide means where
by it will be possible to have field exercises
by at least a division of regulars, and if
possible also a division of national guards
men, once a year. .
'Only actual handling and providing for
Tnen in masses while1 they are marching,
camping, embarking, and disembarking, will
it be possible to train the higher officers to
perform their duties well and smoothly.
"A great debt Is owing from the public ""to
the men of the army and navy. They should
be so treated as to enable them to reach- the
highest point of efficiency, so that they may
be able to respoHd instantly to any demand
made upon them to sustain the interests of
the nation and the honor of the flag. The
individual American enlisted man is prob
ably on the whole a more formidable fighting
man than the regular of any other army.
Every consideration sboull be shown him,
and in return the highest standard of use
fulness should be exacted from him. It Is
well worth while for the Congress to con
Bider whether the pay of nllsted men upon
second . and subsequent enlistments should
not be Increased to correspond with the in
creased value of the veternn 'soldier.
Militia Lavs Obsolete.
i
"Action should be taken tn reference to the
militia and to the raising" of volunteer forces.
Our militia law Is obsolete and worthless.
The organization and armament of the. Na
tional Guard of the several states, which are
treated as militia In the appropriations by
the Congress, should be made identical with
those provided for the regular forces. The
obligations and duties of tthe Guard in time
of war should be careful ly defined, and a
system established by law under which the
method of procedure of raising volunteer
forces should be prescribed, in advance. It
is utterly impossible in the excitement and
haste of impending war to do this satisfac
torily If the arrangements have not been
made long beforehand. Provision should be
made for utilizing In the first volunteer or
ganizations called out the training of those
cltiaens who have already had experience un
der arms, and especially for the selection In
advance 1 of the officers of any force which
may be raised; for careful selection of the
kind necessary is impossible after the out
break of war.
"That the army Is not at all a mere in
strument of destruction has been shewn dur
ing the last three years. In the Philippines,
Cuba aad Porte Rico it has proved Itself a
great constructive force, a most potent im
plement fer the upbuilding of a peaceful civ
ilization. . , ;-. ' ' - .' '
1 , - Kulogy of Veterans. ' .
'No- other citizens deserve so well of the
republic as the veterans, the survivors of
those who saved the union. They did the
one deed which If left undone would have
meant that all else In our history vent 1'or
nothing. Sut for their steadfast prowess! in
the greatest crisis of our history, all cur
annals would be meaningless,; and our gnat
experiment In pqpular freedom and -self-government
a gloomy failure. Moreover, tsey
not only left us a united nation, but they left
us also as a heritage the memory of the
mighty deeds by which the nation was kdpt
united. We are now . indeed one nation, cne
in fact as well as in name J -we are united
In our devotion to the flag which Is the sym
bol of. all national greatness and unity; and
the very completeness of ouir union enables
us all. In every part of the country, to glory
in the valor shown alike by the sons of the
North and the sons of the South in the
times that tried men's souls. . ' .
Merit System Endorsed.
- "The merit system of making appointments
is in its essence as democratic and American
as the common schools system Itself. It sim
ply means that in clerical and other positions
where the duties are entirely non-polltl al,
all applicants should have u fair - field fend
no favor, each "standing on Ms merits as he
is able to show them by practical test. Writ
ten competitive examinations offer the oaly
available means in many cases for applying
this ' system. In other cases, as where la
borers are employed, a system of registra
tion undoubtedly can be wi.dely extended.
There are, of course, places where the writ-V
ten competitive examination cannot, be ap
plied, and others where it offers by no means
an ideal solution, but whero. under existing
political conditions It is, though an Imperfect
means, yet the best present, means of Let
ting satisfactory results.
"It is important to have this system 'ob
tain at home,, but it is even more important
to have it applied rigidly in our insular' jos
sessions. -The administration of these islands
should be as wholly free from the suspicion
of partisan politics as the administration of
the army and navy. All that we ask from
the public servant In the Philippines or Porto
Rico Is that he reflect honor on his cour try
by the way In which be makes that coun
try's rule a benefit to the peoples who have
come under It. This is all that we should
ask, and we cannot afford to be content with
less." , .-, ; ..'.!; ;
The message points out the defects In our J
present consular service, ana recommcnas a
passage of bills now be for Congress that
will increase - its efficiency. Of the Indian
problem it says- v
"In my judgment the time has arrived
when we should definitely msvke up our minds
to recognize the Indian as an Individual and
not as a member of a tribe. The General
Allotment Act is a mighty pulverizing engine
to break up the tribal mass. It acts direct
ly upon the family of the Individual. Under
its provisions some sixty thousand Indians
have already become citizens of the United
States. We should now break up the tribal
funds, doing for them what : allotment does
for the tribal lands; that Is, they should be
divided Into Individual holdings. A stop
should be put upon the Indiscriminate per
mission to Indians to lease their allotments.
The .effort Bhould be steadily to make tho
Indian work like any other man on bis own
ground. The marriage laws of the Indians
should be made the Bame as those of the
whites. - ; - ' .
.''In dealing with the aboriginal races few
things are more important than to preserve
them from the terrible physical and n.oral
degradation resulting from the liquor traf
fic. We are doing all we can to Bave our own
Indian tribes from this evil. Wherever by
international agreemeht this same end can be
attained as. regards -races, where we do not
possess exclusive control, every effort should
be made to bring it about.
"I bespeak the most cordial support irom
the Congress and the people for the SL liouls
Exposition to Commemorate the One Hun
dredth Anniversary of the Louisiana Pur
chase: This purchase was the greatest in
stance of expansion in our history. It def
initely4 decided that we were to becone a
great continental republic, by far the fore
most power In the Western Hemisphere. The
national government should, be represented
at the exposition by a full and complete set
of exhibits. , "
"The people of Charleston, with great en
ergy and civic spirit, are carrying on an ex
position which will continue throughout most
of the present session of the Congrens. I
heartily commend this exposition to the good
will of the people. It deserves all the en
couragement that can be given it.
"For the sake of. good administration, sound
economy, and the advancement of science, the
Census Office as now constituted should be
made a permanent government bureau. This
would insure better, cheaper and more sat
isfactory work, in the Interest nv.t only of
our business but of statistic, economic and
social science. '
Growth of Postal Service.
"The remarkable growth of the postal ser
vice is shown in. the fact that Ub revenues
have doubled and Its expenditures have near
ly doubled within twelve yars. Its progres
sive development compels constantly increas
ing outlay, buv in this period of business en
ergy and prosperity Its receipts grow so much
. faster than Its expenses that the annual de
ficit has been steadily reduced from 811411,
779 In 1897 to $3,923,727 In 1S01. Among recent
postal advances - the succes of rural free
delivery wherever established htJ betn so
marked, and actual experience has made its
benefits so plain, that the demand for Its ex
tension Is general aad urgent.
"It is Juet that the great agricultural popu
lation should share la the Improvement tit the
service. The number of rural routes ww In
operation Is 6,009, practically all established
within three years, and there are 8,000 appli
cations awaiting action. I Is expected that
the number In operation at the close ef the
current fiscal year will reach 8,600. The mall
will then be dally carried to the doors of
5,700,000 of our people who have heretofore
been dependent upon distant offices, and one
third of all that portion of the country which
Is adapted to it will be covered by this kind
qf service. , ' . V,
Second-Class Mall Matter.
"The full measure of postal progress which
might be realized has lOBig been hampered
and obstructed by the heavy burden imposed
on the government through the intrenched
and well-understood abuses ; which have
grown up in connection with ' second class
mall matter. The extent of this burden ap
pears when it is stated that while the second-class
matter makes nearly three-fifths of
the weight of all the mail. It paid for the
last fiscal year only - X4.294.445 of the aggre
gate postal revenue of $111,631,193. If the
pound rate of postage, . which produces the
large loss thus entailed, and which was fixed
by the Congress with the purpose of encour
aging the dissemination of public Informa
tion, were limited to the legitimate news
papers and periodicals actually contemplated
by the law, no Just exception could be taken.
That expense would be the recognized and
accepted cost of a liberal public policy de
liberately adopted for a Justifiable end. But
much of the matter , which enjoys the privi
leged rate is wholly outside of the intunt of
the law, .and. has secured admission only
through an evasion of It requirements or
through lax construction. The proportion of
-such wrongly Included matter Is estimated
by postal experts to be one-balf of the whole
volume of Becond-class mali. If it be only
one-third or one-quarter,, the magnitude of
the burden Is apparent. The Postofflce De
partment has now undertaken to remove the
abuses so far as is possible by a strtcttr ap
plication of the law; and it should be sus
tained in Its effort." , -
"We view with lively Interest and keen
hopes of beneflcial results the procedirgs of
the Pan-American Congress, convoked lit the
invitation of Mexico, and now sitting ht the
Mexican capital. The delegates of the United
States are under the most liberal instructions
to co-operate with their colleagues in all
matters promising advantage to the : great
family- of American commonwealths, aft well
In their relations among .themselves as In
their domestic advancement - and in , their
intercourse with the world at large. -
The occurrences arising from the "Boxer"
outbreak In China are reviewed in detail, and
the steps taken te secure to the United :3tates
Its share of the trade of the Orient are, ex
plained. The message concludes: . ( ,
"The death of Queen Victoria caused the
people ef the United States deep and heart
felt sorrow, to which , the government gave
full expression. - When President McKialey
died, our nation In turn received from every
quarter of the British empire expressions of
grief and sympathy no less sincere The
death ef the Empress Dowager Frederick of
Germany also aroused the genuine sympathy
of the American people; and this sympathy
was cordially reciprocated by Germany' when
the President was assassinated. - Indeed, from
every quarter ef the civUlsed world we re
ceived, at the time -of the President's death,
assurances of such grief and regard ' as te
touch the hearts ef our prople. In the midst
of our affliction we revereatly thank the Al
mighty that we are at peace with the nations
of mankind; and we firmly intend tiu.t oui
policy shall be sueh as to continue untreken
these International relations ef mutual , re
spect and good will.
THEODORE ROOSEVI'.LT.
: Whit House, Decenber 3, 1901. ;
HINTS FOR WOMEN
How to Secure a Perfect Complexion
Natural Means An ; Easy
Way to Beautify , the Skin
and Obtain a Good
Color ' '
It Is every woman's wish to be pos
sessed of a clear, and beautiful skin,
but how few are thus fortunate. A pa!a
and sallow complexion is far too com
mon and a fresh, healthy color is so
uncommon as to be the cause of fav
orable remark when seen anywhere.
It is a matter of fact that the condi
tion of the skin is an index to tho
health of the body. Therefore, to im
prove a bad complexion, the right way,
and the only sure way, Is to go back
to the cause. , In almost every case it
will be found that the blood is out of
order and needs building, up. This
was the case with Miss Gracie JX
King, of No. 35 Russell street, Lewis
ton, Me. - -
LV'My color had left my face,' she
says, "and my health failed. I 'suf
fered from nervousness, dizziness anJ
loss of appetite; . not enough to confine-me
to the bed but troublesome,
enough so -as to interfere with my
work. - Oftentimes I. experienced a
faintness:at the .stomach which made
me feel miserable.
"During the summer of 1900 a friend
who had been troubled as I was, ani
who had been helped by Dr. Williams
Pink Pills for Pale People, recommend
ed them to me. I began to take them
at once and had not used up a box bo
fore I felt a decided change for tho
better in my condition: Now I do
not like to be without 'them." ,
The disease from 'which Miss Kin
suffered was anaemia. It is character
ized by a palid complexion, pale lips,
dull eyes, tongue and gums bloodless;
shortness of breath . on , slight exer
tion especially upon going upstairs;
palpitation of the heart, feeling of im
pending death; weakness, loss of ap
petite and ambition; irregularity an!
pain in the natural functions of wom
en. -
The one remedy that has proved It
self a specific for anaemia is Dr. Wil
liams' Pink Pills for Pale People.
These pills, taken in increasing doses,
will never fail to effect a cure If use-1
persistently for a reasonable lengt-i
of time. They are sold in boxes (never
in bulk) at fifty cents a box or six
boxes for two dollars and fifty cents,
and may be had of all druggists or
direct by mail from Dr. Williams Med
icine Company, Schenectady, N. Y.
Be sure and get the genuine; substi
tutes never cured anybody.
a
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. UKBHIT REMEDY CO.
. 738 Adams Sxpress Building, Chicago, 111.
- ; Meier A rieter Attorneys, iar O St.
NOTICE TO NON-BESIDEKT DEFENDANTS.
To Catherine Rogers, Thomas Rogers and Bar
ker Emery defendants.
Yoa and each of you take notice tbat on the
27 th day of Kovember. 1901, Elijah J. Oarfa
Hied her petition against you and others, in the
District Court of the Third Judicial District of
Nebraska, in and for Lancaster county, to fore
close the lien of a tax sale and certificate of
November 24th, 1899 made by the county treas
urer of said county to the plaint ill ou the fol
lowing property, towit : Ixt eight 8) North
east quarter (N. E. M) Section thirty (30) Town
(11) Rauire eight () Waverly Precinct Lancas
ter County, Nebraska, for tb& delinquent state
and county taxes of the years 189 l&t, ISbi.
l-.y. l9r. 1897 aud 1S98 and the lien of State and
County Taxes on said property for the years
18i9 and I9U) paid by the plaintiff under certifi
cate on which thero is now due the plaiutiff tho
sum of thirty-pix dollars and seventy-seven
cents ($36.'7) with costs of this notice and in
terest -n twenty dollars and five cent (5MiM
at ten percent per annum from November 24th
1901.
Plaintiff prays that said property be sold to
satisfy said liens, aud the costs of this actiou
including an attorney's fee as provided by law
and for general relief.
You are required to answer said petition on
or before the third day of February. l'AKi.
ELIJAH J. UARTEN,
By Meisr & Meier her Attorneys.
Best Low Priced Hotel n the City.
RATES,
$1-00 per day and up.
Hotel Walton
1516 O St.
LINCOLN, NEB.
I. IL. Uatrleld Atterney at Law
District Court, Lancaster County, Nebraska
. In the matter of the guardianship of Edwin
- Funke, a minor.
Now on this 20th day of November. 1901. tht
cause came on for hearing upon the petition of
Rosa Funke as guardian of the minor Edwio
Funke. praying for a license to sell the undi
vided one-fifth interest of said Edwin Funke in
northeast quarter, the northwest quarter, and
the southwest quarter of section eight; and the
northwest quarter of section seventeen; all ia
township three, north, ranire two. west of tha
6th Principal Meridian, in Thayer county. Ke-
Drasita, to psy tne cieota ana expenses ot said'
minor, there not being sufficient personal prot a
erty for that purpose. It is therefore ordered
that all persons interested in said real estate J
appear before me at the court bouse in Lincoln,
Lancaster county, Nebraska, on the 11th day of -January,
1902, at 10 o'clock a. m. to show caue
why license should not be granted to said guay
dian to sell said real estate as above described.
Notice of this order shall be published for fohir
weeks prior to December 27, 1901 in the Ne
braska Independent.
ALBERT J. CORNISH.
' Judge District Court.
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