VOL. XIII.
LINCOLN, NEBRASKA, SEPTEMBER 19, 1901.
NO . 17.
POPULISM ALL RIGHT
r
T lr)ga C atrt
etantly Increasing federal taxes. The
increase in the already high tariff on
imports which went into effect on Jan
uary 1. 1901, raising the portion of the
duties payable in gold from 15 to 25
per cent.
"Two of the three native banks shut
rt- orrecti- of p-pulbt Snaacisl i their doors on January 29, 1901, and al
r:x. is ie-in detaoaattate! 13 I thouzh much effort has been made t
Ti
pr: -:$-- is le-in urtaoztuuifi u ( though much effort has been made to
' tvubtrl-b. ia t.La country the reooen them, their future is Droblem-
4 . ll , !. 1 la a, i m " '
t.n- ji r uner u.e i jui-jt
im;ritrtsoa. iL iu of iarc uxui
." i i'- r t .,:. , ad tL- f ur.L-r tu
t r cu i by tLe unlooked for
vtput uf :oLi Uf Lad jut the result
tnat xopuUtj oU'.. si.;r principle
:, s pat in operation La always had
will Le. But ia Otter
tvjvtn' it demonstration goea on.
1 'n.td S.t-s bureau of foreign
t onirr;-rc . LkL is a branch of the de
t .rtr uf tate f-urniLe wme
;.-;p-..tal-!r ei-l-n- ii. tbe coauUf
iport e t-t ot. Hre u cue from Ar
fr.t:t.. LnL J a slh-r country. D.
Majer. at U'-'-t.o Ayres, say
(Hi l.X V.. Nij. ",!. p. .':
-7 t r IS 'liK.KU is thi: ntODUC
J J K ii AViiJ: of tL Arg--ntina Ite
r:a iaa- 1 ttt steady develop
;r.r: t . ! tr- tnoU6 outlets to tiie
m ...... 1 .....
tv.i.:r. ,-uL'i me is-.
...... - - -.t - I luru lur uau& uia rai iicu
Ti.' ' t of Uueno Ayres, the capi- 1 cent semi-annually,
a Heal. These two banks had a com
bined capital of 12,500,000,000 reis
($3,125,000), and were of great bene
fit in this section. In that from them
loans could be aranged and advances
obtained much more advantageously
than with the two foreign banks which
devote themselves almost entirely to
transactions in exchange and collec
tions, and loan only on gilt edge con
vertible security.
The banks have recently proposed
a way of settling with depositors. One
offers to pay Ave per cent per annum
interest on the amount held, issuing a
certificate for the same, and 5 per cent
principal per annum. The other offers
5 per cent on the amount held issu
ing a certificate for the same and pay
ing nothing on the principal tor
fire years and then paying 5
rided the bank has earned sufficiently
"provided
the bank has earned sufficient
have been received to permit this, the
tl of ti-r lipithc. La tt u for many
j-r '.. i".:. to which Kravitnt. J
all tLat w of vi!u- from the inter- on(t instance, nearlv enoueh sienatures
Kr j fMUti.. i-t ith the tJHOWTII ; Lave been received to admit this, the
or IT.OM CTION it La l--'x found (depositors preferlng this method to
b-t to foraarJ tL to tbe near- tortei liquidation, which would yield
ti fun. i very little.
T- fy of Jtoariu rKHs varly xt was thought that the only re
s iu'jmui of ntmu front tbe j maining native bank, the oldest in
iz.rut, An ritUrjcem -tit of the prrt- ; Brazil and having a capital of 6,000,
rst jort i 4-:-:aat Hibr up tbe !ooo.ooi reis (11.500,000). would stand
rrar. ttvr i tbe port of o!atine: jtne strain, especially as the people had
Uut a it l mt.wrt to inundations, its j suca unlimited confidence in its pres
UMfula. .a probably confined ident and directory. In January,, at
to ue fcLipaj-tit of Lj.-.J lumber, j tne time of the failure of the other
;--I-r. a- j i'i.-bracbo ttock for the banks, the state came to the aid of the
Eir.:fa-turf uf tancitg CuM.
' ac NjciiOia, t:tuut-1 oa the boun
-.Irs if lh t o provide- of Buenos
A j : i jvaote V. is a port m-hicli
r.-r a p: a? U :tl of sbip-
; .r.j; x . ; t in -o:;s rtioa with tbe
nr :ra!?:c. TL- various railways
a i ,i VkiiL lia -nits, Ayr- facili
ty ? L:pSi-ati' to tti taore impor
tant c-arkt. Burtios Ayr- has aa ex-
. : r. i ytra of dotka. but a s-riou3
lra tark is ti- wast cf water la the
c tait.f ! tich -onii-rt them with the
otra. TJ.-&e t i.an :.-! tautt be coa
ar.?ir : 1. or the entrance to
the ciOf-k oul3 tot ie practicable
i j for t-tara-rs of t-oruiiarativfly
;.?.t draft. TL- lars:-t't steamers
; L liiu ti.- m r 1'lata are dtrbar-
rt-i froia raakitg ue cf the port of i business."
B'i-nc Ayr-. i ;.-t In certain coa-C.t;--.:.
vf it Ti: r. Th.-te call at l.
I-:! fyrja-ily ca!l-l llnsaada)'
L;ch I coL.a--t'-l ita Dutao Ay-
ARE THEY FRIGRTENED?
ione remaining by borrowing from
the Federal Government 1,500,000,000
reis ($375,000), hypothecating its ex
port duty for the same, and paying the
amount la the bank to satisfy the
state's indebtedness. But it. too, clos
ed its doors o April 11, 1901. It is
thought this bank will be able to re
sume shortly as satisfactory arrange
ments are being made.
"As a great number of the merchants,
if not all. both Importers and export
ers, are either directly or indirectly
conceraed in these failures, it cannot
but have a most serious effect upon all
financial operations, and It behooves
our merchants to make Inquiry as to
the present condition of their custom
ers here before entering into extens-
It will be seen that this report al
most exactly duplicates the conditions
in this country when effort was made
to double the value of money. It was
- s.y rau. Here, a?ram. constant. , troken banks, increased taxation, the
!r -.tr:.::s must be dor,-; but wh-n cat
tle .:;.-r.-.!s are rmmi this port
mill t largely raade ue of, on acccunt
cf sis prc-aisity to tbe eiaijlishineat
w - tl. cattle are w-r.t. Th; axt
;-.rt i.tLai'i is Babla Blacca. rs
n 1 the urstiltius of the Great South
ern hA ay. 1 ids fair to develepe ia
?.- futar-. t-tc."
TLh'. ? ..-. that a free siher cuniry
sr.ifis nfuM-J to listed to th 1e-
I'.'.r'.i of tte pol-l ftaadsr-l gang
went rijebt alo:.r ia it prosperity.
Ia:ni-itately following this repor.
frta a free- i!ver country conies the
r;-rt of Ii. W. Furnas, consul at Da
L:a. t-r an at rr.pt as made to cs-
destruction of business and general
destitution. What has happened in
hte United States has been one demon
stration of the correctness of populist
principles and what has happened
ia South America has been another.
It will now be proper for the Lincoln
editor of a daily paper who does not
know the value of an English shilling
to begin again to denounce the popul
ists as lunatics and repudlators.
Specific Declarations
Editor Independent: In making the
plaform of a political party it Is cus
tomary to make a broad assertion of
n the Po! I j-tandarC. Tfce esm ja truth, which In Its nature is self-
evident even to the feeblest reasoner,
but for which It will not stand when
It comes to a specific declaration.
I believe it to be self-evident "that
wealth belongs to him who produces
it; for which you say populism stands
so I am a populist, for it is the only
party of any power which seeks to
carry out this great truth even in
ru!l followed tr at we eaSen 1 in the
l':.:tJ States -a Cleve-iu J brought
nit ad detn:.;..n upon this coun
try tr?ir.ir to do tb &arae thing. Mr.
F-rr-ia t -ttf.es tLat -Al tbe woes of
whit a tLe Clevt lacd soup house wzs
t Mesne sa this country, followed the
attempt to douWe the money value In
iubi. The following s his report
L;ch caa 1? fu-.:n 1 in tbe volume part-
as above stated. ; But even the populist party avoids
"Iirlcg tie last f --w nionth? the ja specific declaration on certain ques-
fnancial coaiitija Las beomj so fer- j tions which would tend to carry out
iu is z.s to arrant a i-ci il report. ) this truth.
" Ia ry annual reports of 19 and j Where Is the plank which declares
I 1 cal'-d attention to the finan- (against the private ownership of land,
t .a ; reion and it- rau thereof, j enables one man to take two-fifths or
1 eipre-! an opinion ia my last! even one-half of what another pro-
t i-f-n tLat busiae would soon lm- I duces and to live in Idleness? Where
prote; Lut. Instead, the opening of the lis the plank against the system which
a-w century taaraed tfce commence-met-t
of tie f-r-:it--st financial crisis
e-r k59K, and st effect will be felt
far K-me xiv.:- to come.
"Ti.. : atu.Lutatle to several rea
w . n. itea.4;ng over a period of two
f r tn r-e jers. Fir.-t the long con-tin-je-i
dro3tb ia tbe agricultural re-jrtc-r;
cut Lort crops for home coa
misptiots and necessitated the Ira
portatvoa of fooJ taff froia aelghbor
tr.g i.a:. rducins the Income of the
5; n Ly d:a.!n:-LIng the exports.
uLicL are its rxa!nsnay. . . .
etoa4 reason is the federal
Kepnblln Paper That Hare Lied so
Loif and to Contlaueusly Hst
LatIjr Told Soma Truths
The Independent has frequently call
ed attention to -the fact that a
few of the republican plotters
who have defended the trusts
and advocated imperialism until the
whole form of government is changed,
exhibit, every now and then, symptoms
of fright at their own work. While
most of the dailies of that persuasion
continue to tell their readers of bless
ings of great combinations and declare
that their sole object is to reduce the
cost of production so that goods can be
sold to the dear people at lower prices.
Occasionally one of them, either being
conscience stricken or frightened at
the retribution which is sure to come,
will make a statement of facts instead
of printing a column of lies and truck
ling praise of the commercial highway
men, who by the aid of the republican
party, are pursuing a course that is
bound to end in revolution. There is
not an editor in the land who does
not know and has known all the time
the facts stated in the following article.
If those facts had been published in
all the papers whose editors were cog
nizant of them, the steel trust could
not exist. But the whole daily press
has united in suppressing the facts and
the boiler plate weeklies of the re
publican party who never have any
thing to say but what is in accordance
with orders from headquarters, have
constantly reiterated the lies of the
dailies.
The Columbus, Ohio, State Journal
(rep.) recently published the following
editorial concerning the steel trust:
"The public is witness to another
deluge of watered stock, whose only
hope of dividend lies in the ability of
the manipulators to maintain a mono
poly in all iron and steel products
with all that monopoly makes possible.
"The new company swells the total
capitalization of its constitutient com
panies from about $757,000,000 to $1,-
100,000, or over 45 per cent. This
wculd be monstrous enough if it came
at the first flood of water, but it is
water upon water. t
"Nobody pretends to believe that the
Carnegie company was worth $320,000,
00, and yet it went into the combine
at $510,000,000. It is notorious that
the other seven companies whose ag
gregate capitalization is about $437,000
,000 represented an actual investment
of not to exceed one-third that amount.
Even with the high price of their pro
duct during the last two years they
were unable to earn enough to give
their stock a market value in the ag
gregate of 75 per cent of its aggregate
par valuation. Yet about $1000,000,000
more water is poured into the outrag
eous over capitalization that already
existed."
allows one man to take a part of the
product of another's labor the form
of Interest on money?
I do not say that the party should
so declare. It Is often necessary for
a party to refrain from taking up cer
tain questions for the sake of success
on others, but why should we enter
Into a contention with members of
other organizations which seek the
same end, L e., the coming of the time
when every one shall have an equal op
portunity, and an equal right to the
of natural resources which God has
placed here for the use of all, even if
rr,errr.nt' financial policy. In its! they do take a more radical and ad-t-:r.;
: to !evate the Ro'd value of i vanced ground than our party does.
?L- :;-r currency, it Las materially j Whether anyone Is called a social-'.-rreae-4
th paper value of the ex- ! 1st or a populist it matters not, there
ported prods'-!: and with the lower- u cot much in a name anyhow, but
iLt ? the p:,.l price of eoZee. surar,
r.v.x. tobacco, etc.. it often costs the
'roiver more to gather his crops and
ft it i market tLaa he can hope to
t-:e. wLi'e Li raocey buys little
r.re tLaa of o'i.
"TLtrs. ia l! the value of the
rillref & ll eeats la United States
coney. Wlay it I worth 25
nt. more tLaa double: but mean
time fond. Louse rent, board, clothing.
t. Late not decreased S per cent,
end la many instance the necessities
4 life bare r main d the tame in
c'lrei was wortho. rrafwypmbmbm
m'.ir; &s tLey were hea the mllreis
u worth but 11 cents and the price
te-n raUed to correspond with
tLat value.
-Not sly tii the native felt this,
bit the fcre'raer whose mode of life
i r-lte different, ha ruffered even
mere. A noted by the Brazilian Re
view of April , i:01. actual llv'ng
1st or not, it matters not, there is not
much in a name anyway, but what
men believe and advocate matters a
great deal.
While there may be some who call
themeselvea socialists who go to the
extreme to which the communists do
in the belief that all the products uf
labor should be equally distributed,
there are certainly many who do not,
who are logical, broad-minded men and
women, whose fault it seems to me is
that they cling closely to the ideul
that they fall to help In accomplishing
the good that is practical.
O. E. HARRIS, Crete, Neb
WANTED Several persons of char
acter and good reputation in each state
to represent and advertise old estab
lished wealthy business house of solid
financial standing. Salary $10 weekly
with expenses additional, all payable
In cash each Wedneadav direct from
llv-SM. exclusive of clothing, cannot head offices. Ho'-se and carriages fur-
ur-i wiuw rei. or an nuhed. wnen necessary, itererences
e-iviJett today at Zs?.y pr month, i Enclose self-addressed stamped enveb
-A4it& to all this hate beea the con- j ope. Manager, 316 Caxtoa bldg., M-
ir
What British Censors Suppress.
The following is the copy of a letter
just received by Mr. Theo. Pinther,
secretary Transvaal committee,, from
Mr. Van Baggen. Mr. Pinther vouches
for the authentity and truthfulness or
the contents:
"The Hague, Holland, Aug. 16, 1901.
-Dear Friend: I just received the fol
lowing news which will not be men
tioned in English papers. The Boers
have taken Lydenburg. Gen. Louis
Botha released 1,000 men out of the
English prisoner's camp at Middleburg.
People leave Pretoria, fifty at a time,
to join Botha. In Cape Colony 800 of
the Colonial troops deserted and have
joined the Boer commanders. Kitch
ener's proclamation is doing its wrork.
I received your last letter asking how
money collected for the women and
children of the Boers can reach them.
I will reply, money is sent here from
all over the world. There is a com
mittee in Cape Town, with connec
tions at Pretoria and Johannesburg.
The committee is a branch of the
Netherland South African society.
The money comes into good hands, but
they have to deal with great difficul
ties as the English authorities do ev
erything they can to prevent the use
of money on the ground, which after
the war should be used for widows
and orphans. There is a great need of
physicians in the camps (concentrate
camps); in the camp of Johannesburg
there was only one doctor' to 350 pa
tients, mostly children; the women are
afraid to use . his medicine, because
they all die after taking the medicine,
and very seldom they see anybody re
turn from the hospital. I suppose you
have read the letters from Miss Bes
sant about this lack of medicine. The
letters should have appeared in Amer
ican papers. I mentioned to some peo
ple here that a number of San Fran
cisco doctors were willing to leave
their practice and join the Boer ambu
lances, or assist in the concentrate
camps. I was at once offered the pay
ment of passage from here to Johan
nesburg, but it is useless. A Swiss
ambulance with six nurses was ready
to start tomorrow, the 17th of August,
from Southampton,! but the English
government at the! last moment has
withdrawn the permission, given in
March, 1901, by Lctd Roberts. Mrs.
Botha had received
the same permis
sion from Lord Kitchener, but he
would not give it injwritlng. The rea
son of the refusal of the British gov
ernment is, that England has taken
sufficient steps for the care of the
women and children in the camps
the average death rate is nearly 50 per
cent in the camps now. (This will
dispose of them.)
The report of Miss Hobhouse is giv
ing an idea of what she has seen in
these camps, or rather of what she
was permitted to see; they did not
show her how women and children are
transported from one camp to the
other, (often separating mother and
children) to protect the railroad lines
from destruction by the Boer forces.
The British did not show her how ba
bies were beaten by British nurses and
died from wounds, caused thereby on
their back; they did not show her
how ladies, like Mrs. Potgieter and
Mrs. Minnaar, were put in a guard
house for punishment because they re
fused to give information about their
husbands, who are fighting with the
Boers. The British did not tell her
how Mrs. Potgieter disappeared; they
did not show her Mrs. Kotze, locked
up with a thin dress on for the night
in a linen tent while the sentry in
front of this camp to guard this dan
gerous prisoner, was shivering with
cold.,: They could n6t show her the
girls of between ten and twenty years
old, who were lost or disappeared. The
report of Miss Hobhouse gives the im
pression that the camps are in a state
of lacking a great many of the neces
saries of life, which should be applied.
Every army officer kipws that a place
where 5,000 soldiers, more or less,
(in this case women and children) are
camped for more than a month be
comes unhealthy, unless extra sani
tary arrangements are made. What
these camps are to women and children
who were brought up in good homes
and had plenty of food, during hot days
and frosty nights, without sufficient
clothing or cover, or even good water,
is not described by Miss Hobhouse; It'
takes a woman like Mrs. Olive Schrei
ner to describe the sufferings of these
people ard td observe everything; but
Olive Schreiner is safely locked up,
not a word from her can escape South
Africa, for she would put the civilized
world on fire against these concentrate
camps, where women and children are
systematically brought to death. She
would say it all, understand it all, and
her tears would find words in writ
ing, and she would make the world
weep, and curse England; but she is
locked up, and instead of the famous
authoress, the world hears the howl
ing of the jackal, in the proclamation
of Great Britain against the citizens
of the republic. That howl is so pierc
ing and agonizing to the civilized
world, so hideous in its sound of dis
pair, fear and rage; this howl of the
jackal which stumbled on a living
prey, able to stand it off; a jackal who
is attacked in its dispair forgets the
fear of the daylight. This jackal, Great
Britain, bleeding and reeking with
blood, howling over the South African
desert, so that it is to be seen and
heard all over the world, and makes
humanity shudder.
I remain for the cause of justice and
liberty, yours truly,
L. K. P. VAN BAGGEN.
Ex-Official of the South African Re
public (formerly of San Francisco).
I mm Jm
. 'vv v kZ.i.:-
0
0
-
BANK RESERVES
A Republican Mad Law Which Raquiraa
Oaly Few to Kaep any Rerrs
at all
Editor Independent: I am just in
receipt of No. 24 of the Comptroller's
abstract of the reports of the condition
of the national banks on July 15th,
1901, These abstracts are issued every
twelve weeks. I have before me the
reports beginning with No. 15, and
showing the condition of these banks
on September 7th, 1899. I call atten
tion to some facts shown by these ab
stracts, Tmt they are not perceived
without some study of them.
The banking law enacted during the
war contains some very peculiar pro
visions of which the general public,
outside of the banks have very little
knowledge. There are very few per
sons now who are aware that the na
tional banking law enacted during the
war pretends to require the "country"
banks to maintain a reserve of 15. per
cent and the reserve banks a reserve
of 25 per cent of the deposits the
country banks are permitted by the
aw to reduce their actual reserve
to 6 per cent and the reserve banks
(except the banks in New York) to
12 per cent. This is accomplished
by means of what are called reserve
agents. The law permits the country
banks to send 9 per cent of their depos
its to reserve banks, after they have
oaned 85 per cent of them at home;
and permit the reserve banks (in the
reserve cities mentioned) to send 12
per cent to the banks in New York
called central reserve banks after they
have loaned 75 per cent at home. This
9 and 12 per cent are said to be parts
of the reserves of the banks sending
it and appears in the reports as due
from reserve agents. It is a deception.
In both instances these reports of the
so-called reserves when deposited with
the so-called reserve agents banks are
treated exactly like other deposits re
ceived by them. The purpose of this
provision of the law was, without
doubt, to send a current of money
from other banks to the banks in
New York.,
The law has made it unlawful for
the country banks to loan over 85 per
cent and the reserve banks over 75
per cent of their deposits, but permits
them to send in one case 3-5 and in the
other of the amount they are for
bidden to loan at home to New York
banks where it is a deposit just like
any other money received by them, and
for which they sometimes pay inter
est and sometimes do not.
If public attention has ever since
the enactment of the law in 1862, been
called to these deceptive provisions,
until 1899, when I called attention to
them in a number of articles, I have
been unable to find it. Some bankers
knew it of course,but very few others
did. I venture the assertion that
there are many private bankers to
whom information of this extraordin
ary provision of the law will be news.
The only real reserve of national
banks is what is reported in these ab
stracts under head of cash reserves. The
New York banks were, when the law
was enacted, the only banks required
to keep a 25 per cent cash reserve and
were distinguished by the name of
cash reserve banks. Several years af
terwards Chicago and St. Louis banks
were made Central Reserve banks.
There are 62 such banks (out of 4,165)
existing on July 15th- last. These are
the only banks required to keep f
per cent cash reserve and any other
kind of a reserve is a financial hoax.
Under this law the aggregate cash
reserve of all national banks is about
one dollar in seven, or less than 15 per
cent of the aggregate deposits. On
July 15th -this could have been reduced
two per cent without violating the law.
The entire amount of cash held by all
the 4,165 banks was $540,800,167.02, di
vided as follows:
62 Central reserve banks.$276,319,094.55
274 reserve banks 130,405,017.72
3829 country banks 134,076,054.75
The central reserve banks are shown
by abstract 24 to have a reserve of
one dollar in four; the reserve banks,
one dollar in seven dollars and sixty
five cents and the country banks one
dollar in eleven dollars on thirty-
five cents. As low as the reserve
shown these banks hold an excess of
required cash reserve almost $62,000,
000. Of this amount the country banks
hold over seventy- five per cent and yet
including this excess they have a cash
reserve of only one dollar in eleven dol
lars and thirty-five cents. The sixty
two central reserve banks in the three
central reserve cities and the 274 re
serve banks in the 29 reserve cities
had on July 15th last In the aggregate
only $14,812,469.02 that they could have
loaned without violation of the law.
The 62 banks in New York held an
excess (called banker's balance) of
$10,471,887.28, while St. Louis was short
so that the aggregate of the 62 banks
was as stated above. This leaves to be
divided among the 31 reserve cities out
side of New York a banker's surplus
of $4,340,581.92. Indianapolis and Cin
cinnati hold $2,000,000.00 and SanFran-
clsco holds over $2,000,000.00. What
is left for the other 28 reserve cities
containing 250 reserve national banks
is easily calculated. This is a sit
uation worth considering.
If ypur readers who are interested In
this subject will preserve this for re
ference I will continue next week the
presentation of facts shown by these
abstracts.
FLAVTUS J. VAN VORHIS.
Indianapolis, Indiana.
The following personal to the editor
of The Independent is added for the
contents will he of interest to most of
the readers of The Independent.
I send" you herewith a paper concern
ing what is shown by the comptroller's
abstract of the reports of the National
banks. . I am led to believe that there
are very, few persons who? have a faint
conception of ; the actual condition of
these banks. Ninety-nine out of a
huadred will receive the abstracts and
yet not perceive the facts that are dis
closed by them. It requires study.
as you know to get at the facts from
the reports made by the Treasury de
partment, for the reason that it has be
come quite an art to make reports
that are technically correct and yet
not disclose anything to the general
public.
A proper consideration of these ab
stracts will, I apprehend, require more
space than a newspaper will ordinarily
care to use in one issue, so it occured
to me, if you think it worth, while to
consider abstracts in several shorter
articles.
So far as I am advised, there is no
oss of confidence ( among the people)
in the earnestness, ability and integ
rity of Mr. Bryan, although every effort
is being made to put, him In ,a false
attitude. His very admirable telegram
to the New York papers In which he
used so effectively the commandment,
Thou Shalt Not Kill," is published
in this morning's Journal, with head-
ines, "Bryan is Reforming." He talks
different from what he did during the
campaigns." Of course the Indiana
polis Journal knows there is not a
word that Mr. Bryan has ever uttered
that can by the utmost violence be
distorted into encouraging lawlessness.
Yours respectfully,
FLAVIUS VAN VORHIS.
The People.
God's glory is in the People,'
The strong, sturdy, common People,
The men who plow the soil,
Who dig in the mines.
Who toil in the shops, .
Who drive the trains,
Who sail the seas.
Who bend o'er the counters,
Who employ the brain, or the eye, or
the hand,
In service to humankind;
'Tis the men who work, who produce,
Whose deeds in a song of praise
Ascend to the Throne Eternal.
I love my country most
For that she develops the People;
For her race of pioneers
That overcame a continent;
For the fact that her sons are doers;
That the men of brawn have ruled her
In the past, as they shall in the future.
Here has the world first known
The planting in virgin soil
The seeds of a real democracy,
From which there are yet to grow
The fruits of a perfect Freedom.
Be not dismayed, my brother.
This young and vigorous, nation
Will purge herself of the creatures
Who would fasten old evils on her,
Who would tie her down to old errors.
As a strong man goes to the battle.
She will rise again and march vanward
To fill her God-given mission,
To lead the world in its progress
On to Industrial Liberty v
In the Better Day that awaits us.
I love my country most
For her gift of self-reliance,
For the growth she leads to manhood,
For the wholesome freedom of women.
I love her breadth and her richness.
Her prairies as wide as an ocean, -Her
rivers, her lakes, her mountains;
Not for themselves alone
Do I love them,, but that their virtues
In time to come will be symboled
And typed in her sons and daughters.
Think you these men and women,
In this new soil and new era,
They who have felt their power,
Who have drunk the wine of freedom,
Who have eaten the meat of democ
racy.
Think you that they can be bound
Like the underfed serfs of Europe?
Think you that they can be ruled
By a king or a caste? No, never,
When the time comes they will arise
And sweep these parasites from them
As the leaves that fall in the autumn
Are swept by the breath of the tem
pest.
God's glory Is in the People,
His children so long down-trodden,
Who have groped their way through
the ages.
Up, up from the depths of serfdom, ,
Up, up through their revolutions.
Up, up from the hells of oppression
Till they stand on the heights at last
And the Dawn is breaking upon them,
They are coming now to their own.
The heritage long held from them,
The land and the tools of production,
The rule o er the realm they inhabit
And the peace that should hold be
tween brothers.
They're the true and the only nobles.
They re the sovereigns of the world.
Long live the King of the Future;
The People, the People, the People.
J. A. Edgerton, in Denver News.
Argument for Good Roads.
After careful inquiry It , has It:tsn
found that the average haul of the
American farmer in getting his pro
duce to market or to the nearest ship
ping station is twelve miles, and the
average cost of hauling over the com
mon country roads is 25 cents per ton
per mile, or $3 per ton for a twelve-
mile haul. An estimate places the to
tal tons hauled at 300,000,000 per year.
On the estimate of $3 per ton for
twelve miles this would make the
total cost of getting the surplus prod
ucts of the farm to the local market
or to the railroad no less than $900,
000,000 a figure greater than the
operating expenses of all the railroads
of the United States. If anything could
make an argument for good wagon
roads this statement surely will.
Portland Oregonian. .
With the address on the wrapper of
your paper you will find the date at
which your subscription expires. This
is to enable our readers to be prompt
with, their renewals, t . p.
if
THEY. TAKE IT ALL
Tha Old Tyranny U XIara and TooU Sub
mltandVeta for tha Man WhoI
lav Them
The following is part of a speech de
ivered by John Mulholland, president
of the International Association of Al-
ied Metal Mechanics:
There is a steam machine for unload-
ng coal cars and transferring into
boats, with the attention of six men
t does the work of 500 stevadores. In
the shoe factory one man with tho
McKay machine, can handle three hun
dred pairs in the same time
t would take to handle five pairs by
tiand. In the agricultural implement
factories 500 men with machinery now
do the work formerly requiring 2,500.
Nine men with machinery can turn
out 12,000 brooms in the same time that
17 men used to take to turn out 500
dozen. A watch factory with machin
ery can turn out two watches a mlnuto
or half a million a year. . In modern
steel works with the help of machin
ery and electricity, 8 men can do the
work formerly requiring 300. The
atest weaving looms run without any
attention during the noon hour and for
an hour and a half after the mills are
closed at night. In leather manufacture
modern methods have reduced the
number of workers from ten to fifty
per cent. In the manufacture ,of car
riages it used to take one man thirty
five days to make a carriage; now a
carriage-is made by one man an ma
chinery in twelve days. And yet there
is destitution throughout the land, not
because of the application of machin
ery In production, but because of the
inequality of distribution.
And some people wonder why we
have tramps, and the law says that
t is a crime punishable by Imprison
ment for a man not to have any vis
ible means of support, and an offense
for a man to be out of work, and
tramping because he has nothing else
to do. When one is found with a small
amount of money he is arrested and
taken before a police judge and fined.
The tramp is then warned out of town.
and arrested in the next place, because
he has no visible means of support.
Now just where these officials expect
the unemployed to go, when they drive
them off or turn them out of prison.
is a thing they never give thought. If
the public will provide them with em
ployment then there will be some reas
on for jailing them, if they are idle
and without money, but to jail men
and make them criminals because they
have no employment is a crime that
no amount of soap or rubbing will
erase from the bloody clothing of tho
present system of tyranny and oppres
sion.. It was a crime for a workingman
to be found out of hi3 township in
England a few generations ago, and
they were imprisoned - and punished
by the thousands for this offense. Tho
tramp law here is the same thing in
another form. The old tyranny is
here and the fools submit and vote for
the men and system that oppresses
them.
Why is it that millions of people
cannot afford to have clothes to warm
and protect them from the cold, while
business blocks upon business blocks
of our large commercial centers are
packed with clothes that cannot be
sold on account of over production?
Why is It that millions of people havo
to dwell in hovels while thousands of
residences built on speculation can
not be rented? Why Is it that thous
ands of men and women have to go
hungry while car loads of corn and
wheat fill the elevators, and the
grainaries; it is because the crops were
too plentiful?
Let us suppose there is no higher
aim in life than to make the best of
all the opportunities onered to us, and
that with the last shovel of earth,
thrown upon our coffins, or with the
ashes that remain in the furnace of
cremation there is an absolute end of
all and everything. Dust to dust and
ashes to ashes.
Now then, if this be true, why should
man govern his passion, curb his appe
tite, control his desires and restrain
his pleasures? If there is nothing
higher than animal nature in us why
should we respect the property, the
home, yea, the very life of our fellow
men? Why then beware of murder,
adultery and theft? For what reas
on should man not take his fellow
man's life and property? If by so
doing his own condition can be Im
proved? What reason 13 there In the
fact that some people count their for
tunes by the millions, hardly knowing
how to spend the interest of their great
wealth, while their fellow men, fath
ers of large families, are barely able
to keep starvation from the door,
and in spite of hard toil and straining
exertion, lead a life of care, misery,
poverty and trouble.
What reply has the republican party,
to make to the heated questions ques-'
tions that will be put with more burn
ing force as long as the trusts endure
and wealth continues to accumulate in
the hands of commercial highway
men? They have no reply to make
except an appeal to force and the ex
tension of the injunctions. But when
they appeal to force they seem to for
get that force resides in numbers. The
rich are few and these men are many.
Under republican rule government
has been so administered that all the
increased production that has come
from the advance of science and the
invention of machinery has gone to cap
ital and the workers have received little
or none of it. Trusts, in defiance of
written law, hr.ve destroyed competi
tion and prevented the fall in price
that ought to have followed the de
creased cost ox production effected by
the increaseduse of machinery. They
have taken it all and left nothing oC
the increase to the men who labor.
That is whaft the republican party ha3
done and vhat it wjll continue to do
as4ongaa-I.t-jemain3vin. power.
' 'Maw-