THE NEBRASKA INDEPENDENT.
January 24,1001
Zt)t tlebraska Independent
mSSC ZWCL. CCRMR DTtt AND N STS
Euiiptm Ye
Prsusjuca Evssr THtrasoar
.eo pj year lit advance:
MM7 wit tm yotUfttrs, .,
to hm forwrt by tfcm. TWf fr2Mt!y
for v rwtlt a 4I5r tk wm
If viU ttm, tfc nbrili fail to o
A4ra all cMaiatiu, i mi all
rmfU.aMr -. prU to
tie Bebrssks ImdtytaAtnt,
Lincoln, Neb,
JLoerot cewatairaUoa will w hm
tkL aci4 KMUcri?u will e I M
The republican oce-holdrs who
Lure recently "redeemed" the ttate
from populltt canlrrl are not in a hap
py fraxi cf mind. They Lad been lei
fcy the wrftlcss of the Cheerful Idiot
to b!iere that the pop had done a
let cf stealing and that wren they
rase isto powtr, there would be plen
ty cf chas.ee to reimburse themselves
lor being out of cS.ce for four year.
When they cose to lock uj matter
they doat se much pro pect for reim
fccrsements. They realixe that with
all the Importation cf voters, a thine
that they can't court oa at the next
election, their majorities are to small
that if they do not keep up the fusion
record cf economy and e21cieacy they
will all be ia the soup again. There
will b bo chance for "pickings" and
that makes them fetl very sorrowful.
Everything that they strike ha the
tame fusion mark cf economy brand
ed upon It. New here is the oil in-
rpectorship. Under the old republi
can rule there were several thousand
dollars cf rich pickings la the oEce.
There. never wa a cent turned orer to
the slate by any republican oil inspec
tor. Edmixtes held that oil iarpector
ihtp for four year and four months
and tcrned Into the state treasury dur
!cr that time Then GaCn was
appointed ana ia two year tarnel
orer to the state treasurer $2,000 with
sv reported balance cn hand of 1250.
When the new republican oil ia
rpectcr takes cfSce he will hate that
record to face. If he follows the
former republican pre7i.aaoft
tens over arythif. it will be apt to
occasion ofriezdly remarks and la-
SEe-til 'prospect for the re-election
"of the republican ticket. If he turns
Is leas lhaa Ga2n hat doce. there
will be aa opportunity for invidious
comparison. So the republican oil In
spector will be cp aralnst a fusion
record that will leave him no chance
for "picking. That will cause hia
to come to th conclusion that most
of the new republican offlce-holdera
cave reached: There Is nothing In
politics aay mere.
Soar of the new oSce-holder don't
feel kindly toward the P Street Edlot
who edits the Flamboyant FlimiUm
rser. They say if fee had only kept hi
mouth shut and bad not always been
excusing the fusion office-holder cf
extravagance, they might not have
been so very economical. In that,
these disgruntled republican office
holder are mistaken. The f union
ists never paid any attention to the
Chatter of the P Street Edlot. IPs
prattle sever effected them one wsy or
the other. They had teen elected or
eppolnted to office oa the promise to
tor duct the state government In aa
economical and efficient manner and
, premise. This Gaffia record makes
, -. them tired.
At any rate the whole outfit Is tip
lxInst this fusion record. As they
tick npon it, they grow scrrowful and
raJErmur over and over: There Is
moving la politics any more." or they
ayr "Tlf we had only 25.0'jQ or 30.000
majonir like we once had. the future
would ret look so barren. One of
them ab.to the editor of The Inde
pendent th ether dry: I wish I ha
s?er tad ad itythlag to do with
politic. I eold make twice a much
money sticking to my own business.
lie didn't aay sv but It was evidently
hi cplaloa that the fool fuslonlsts
had rained the bvcess and there
wssat aayttiag la t any more.
There lsat any bSLrity around the
state house. There Is net a man In
m - m. v a a a f m
op ir.rm vcdm citTuoa cua not
cost him a much, if not more, than
hi salary will amount to. And the
fasionlst have- spoiled the easiness!
rlo "plckifiga la sight without tie
dread punishment staring them la tte
fact of betog kicked out at the end of
their term. No wonder they all Xook
like a let cf funeral director.
The Independent long since ceased
to complain about the universal steal
ing that wa done from its columns,
but when the editor went to work and
dllbtratcly stole it god, without
word of credit, !t felt that it had a
Htht to protect- The wonder 1 that
ca rzzzy cosstry office tad dollar
rrrris cri t4 maka the Image.
THE BBTAN DEMOCRATS
The Bryan democrat of this and
ether states have a harder fight before
them than they ever had before if
they hold their party to the principles
that Bryan represents. That the
Cleveland-Hill crowds are making in
roads upon the party can no longer be
doubted. That is manifested by sev
eral things that have happened lately.
The democrats in the Massachusetts
legislature instead of casting their
vote for senator for some men like
George Fred Williams. , voted solidly
for Olney, a member of Clevek-id'3
cabinet and who stands for everything
that Cleveland stands for,
- There was a lively debate In the
Texa house over the concurrent resH
oiutlon adoptsd by the senate Inviting
the Hon. David B. Hill to visit Austin
and address the legislature. 'Wlien
the resolution was called up la tha
house It was amended by Inserting the
name of Hon. William J. Bryan with
that of Mr. Hill. There was a stxoug
opposition to the insertion of Bryan's
name and the amended rcsoluiiou was
adopted by a close vote.
Joe Bailey is a candidate for sena
tor from Texas and If he is elected, the
democrats will have in the senate from
Texas a counterpart of Caffrey and
Lindsay, both gold bugs and imperial
ists, and who always vote with the re
publicans upon every proposition
touching the differences between re
publicans and democrats as defined in
the Kansas City platform. They voted
the other day to Increase the stand
ing army to 100.000. Joe Bailey at one
time declared that if Bryan were nomi
nated he would not run on the same
ticket with him. It was he who was
at the bottom cf the proposition to In
vite Dave Hill to address the Texas
legislature. Hill was the most bitter
opponent in the senate to the income
tax as well as being aa out and out
gold standard advocate. The invita
tion from the Texas legislature .was
equivalent to abandoning the income
tax and every other proposition for
which Bryan stands.
In other states the same sort of
work is being done. There are many
things that lead thinking men to be
lieve that the money power has made
promises to the leaders of the Clre
landlte that if they will get control
of the democratic party, the man that
they nominated shall be elected an-1
installed in. the White hrpiir. 4 Vhat
gives point to -declarations con
tntlr.rde' by these men that If the
democratic party will come back to
what Cleveland calls "true democratic
doctrines" It can succeed.
The next day after Quay was elected
senator from Pennsylvania he ap
peared in the senate and was given an
ovation, business being suspended for
some time that the senators might
gather around this prince of political
scoundrels and congratulate him.
That shows the animus of the repub
1 1 ...... . . . .
wruawra woo preiena to oe re
spectable. Their congratulations are
bestowed upon the man who has suc
ceeded by the vilest methods ever em
ployed in politics and against the ac
tire opposition of all the respectable
elements of the republican party in
his state. Quay has a machine that
tor viieness far outstrips anything
that Tammany has ever done. The city
of Philadelphia has the most rotten
city government on the face of the
earth. Voting in that city is a farce,
None of the godly republican journals
la the United States, except one in the
city Itself, ever has a word of con
demnation for the methods employed
there, but for Tammany there is un
limited columns of denunciation. When
tne niest scoundrel and the worst
political boss in the United States ib
elected, the senators suspend business
to crowd around him and tell how
glad they are that he downed all the
decent men in his state and has come
back to the senate with the Indorse
ment of every vile den In the whole
commonwealth that he represents.
Those cadets at West Point put on
a great deal of style for a lot of char
ity students whose education is paid
for by taxation. If they had to pay
their own way they would not indulge
la so many aristocratic airs. It is
only another demonstration that char
ity, when bestowed upon persons able
to make their own way. has a degrad
ing influence. Thes West Point pau
pers are no exception. They and
their friends had the impudence to hiss
the committee of congress that was
Investigating their cowardly hazing
practices.
- THEBEEU ISDONE.
The army bill has passed the senate
substantially as It passed the house,
including the adoption of the amend
ment abolishing the army canteen. We
have now started on a new career.
There will never be less than 100,000
taea la the regular army unless some
thing like a revolution occurs. The
o"5crs of this great army will be ap
pointed by William McKlaley and they
wW il be imperialists.
One of the saddest things in this
whole ';slness wa to see thousands
cf womtd, gathered at Washington,
pleading. C gging and expostulating
with members of congress, not that
their sons should not be drafted into
a regular army, to perish in the fatal
climate of the tropics or while their
lives away amid the vile surroundings
of barrack life, but that the selling of
beer might be dispensed with In .he
army canteens. They did net have a
word to say against the organization
of a great standing army, the with
drawal of 100,000 young men from
home life and the placing of them un
der the slavery of army discipline. All
they asked was that when they were
thus gathered into barracks they
should not be allowed to buy beer at
the canteen.
The amendment to allow the organi
zation of an army for two years atter
which it should be reduced, was voted
down with the same majority that the
bill was enacted into law. That was
a distinct declaration that the repub
licans wanted a great standing army
to be a permanent feature of this gov
ernment for all time to come atd that
to1 demand wns rot for an increase to
settle the difficulties in the Philip
pines. In fact, this demand for an
army of 100,000 men was made by. the
president before the war with Spain
was thought of at all. "
There is no legitimate use to which
an army of 100,000 men can be put in
time of peace. Do we need any reg
ular soldiers in Nebraska? Are not
the people of this state capable of
maintaining law and order without
federal soldiers to aid them? What is
true of this state is true of all the
states.
Recruiting will now begin. We hope
the mullet heads who voted for this
sort of thing will bring forward their
sons and offer them for sacrifice on the
altar of imperialism In the Philippines
without hesitation.
THE P 8TTEET IDIOT
The republican party supports a
daily paper in Lincoln and it prints
stuff like the following:
"The tendency of fusion v statesmen
and writers 'to mix Agulnaldo up with
everybody on earth is seen In the raw
heads and bloody bone tirades that
they are now making against the boys
at West Point in connection with
hazing. They are ranting now for the
Immediate closing up of the military
academy and the extinction of the reg
ular army, because some of the fourth
class men have been made to obey
sundry whimsical orders and go
through some absurd motions and
have their feet inspected and take a
little tobasco sauce at dinner, or fight."
The Cheerful Idiot no doubt after
writing that, rubbed his head and con
gratulated himself upon being an adept
in sarcasm. He seems to be totally
Ignorant of the fact that it was Mc
Klnley who said that if hazing at West
Point could not be suppressed then the
academy Ehould be abolished.
The Dally State Weakling has been
asserting for months that there would
be large deficiencies for this leglsla
ture to meet for the support of the
state Institutions. Lieutenant Gov
ernor Savage in a speech before the
Charity organization society said that
the management of those institutions
for the past two years had been so ef
ficient and economical that large sums
of money would be covered bak into
the state treasury that had been ap
propriated, but not expended by the
superintendents. Although the repub
lican lieutenant governor was honest
enough to make this statement, that
is no indication that the P Street Ediot
will not be chattering away In the old
style again every few days.
Stanford university will have almost
an entirely new set of professors pret
ty soon. As a protest to the forced
resignation of Prof. George E. How
ard, head of the department of history
in Leland-Stanford, Jr., university,
the resignation of Prof. W. H. Hudson
of the English department, and Prof.
C. N. Little of the mathematics depart
ment, were tendered last week. But
there will be no shortage of profes
sors. Two were Immediately imported
from Harvard. They will never say
anything Irritating about the impor
tation of Chinese coolies.
The old State Pultogouge has one
unvarying Instinct. It is as true "to
that instinct as the needle to the pole.
It always flies to the defense of plu
tocracy upon any and all occasions. It
was only following its instincts when
it backed up the Stanford university
in demanding the resignation of its
most distinguished professors. It could
not help it any more than a coyote
could help howling as the shades of
night approach. The coyote is not to
blame for that is its nature. Neither
is the State Mullet Head Organ. -
When the guarantee company that
for $3,000 agreed to stand between the
state and a republican treasurer want
ed the affairs of the transfer of funds
from the populist state treasurer to
the republican incumbent attended to,
it employed Meserve, the old populist
treasurer, to check himself out and
the republican treasurer in, which is
a compliment to the honesty and re-j
liability of the populist treasurer never'
before paid to any man. i
BURNING AT THE STAKE
The burning of a negro at Leaven
worth, Kas., soon after the same hor
rible crime was committed in Colo
rado, It seems to The Independent,
must cause some serious thinking by
the people of the United States, that
is. If all power to think has not disap
peared in the common degeneracy.
More men have been burned at the
stako in the last ten years than were
burned in any decade of the. dark ages,
when it was done under the forms of
law. The Incidents attendant upon
these burnings are more horrible and
show more savage instincts. In the
dark ages men did not hunt in the
ashes for bits of charred human flesh
to store away as keepsakes. That is
done alone by the modern savage.
Some sixteen years ago, we believe,
the first burning occurred. After the
victim was tied to the stake, although
his crime was most hcirible, and the
fuel had been piled around him, no
one could be found to apply the match
until a degenerate negro was hired to
do it. Now men fight for the privil
ege, women ana cniiarcn iook on ana
add their shouts to those of the men.
By rapid stages do we go back to a
condition worse than the original sav
agery from which we emerged some
centuries ago.
For years The Independent has been
warning the people of the coming of
such a state of public morals. Nothing
else could result from the teachings
and practice of those whose business
it was to conserve the public morals.
When these teachers will advocate the
slaughter of human beings by the
thousand for the sake of a monetary
profit, when they will accept of the
contributions of wholesale robbers,
when they will admit men to the best
teats in the churches who make their
living by gambling, when the praise of
men who have bought high public
oihees are constantly , on their tongues,
when men who starve their employes
ana force them to work in sweat-shops
that they may accumulate money and
give a cicle to the churches, are con
sidered good citizens, nothing less
than a slow and constant lowering of
the moral standing of the Whole" com
munity can follow.
A different punishment for this par
ticular crime will not stop the progress1'
towards savagery. The remedy must
come entirely from another source.
Immorality, murder , and robbery on
tl-rt wholesale plan must not be con
doned and nourished. As long as it is
so condoned the demoralization of the
mass of the people will continue. There
can never be two standards of morals
tn ary community one for the rich
and powerful and one for the poor. If
the major ty of the, people will insist
on the maider of thousands of Fili
pinos and Dutch burghers for the sake
of empire ttd commercial profit, the
common people will take note of it.
The very worst passions in man will
be constantly encouraged. " If oar
troops continue to rob and ravish the
people of foreign lands, robbing anl
ravishing will increase at home. Even
the chl'Uren will become so familiar
with such horrors that they will con
sider it a part of ordinary occurrences
of life.
The Independent is unalterably op
posed to lynch law under any and all
cinumstances. It would advise the
seve-tst punishment of all those who
engage in it or encourage it Taking
a human life by a mob is worse than
murdei. Its degrading effects curse
the w hole community. When crim
inals see a whole community violating
the law, it stimulates them to more
violations. It never checks crime. The
history of the last ten years Is abun
dant proof of that statement. The
more negroes who are burned at the
stake for the crime of rape, the mora
they commit that crime. The more
witches that were hung in New Eng
land, Che more they multiplied until
the community was forced to stop
hanging to prevent the multiplication
of witches. There are causes which
every psychologist thoroughly under
stands that account for it.
, All any of us can do under the pres
ent circumstances is to hang our heads
in shame while we work with might
and main for the restoration of the oid
ethical standards under which there
were not two sets of rules, one for men
and one for women, or one for the rich
and another for the poor.
The Independent has often remarked
that some day a limit to the enduranca
of slanderous epithets would be
reached. For years tnose who differed
)th the republicans have been called
by every vile name that the ingenuity
of vile and vicious human beings could
invent. It is really surprising with
what patience this sort of conduct
has been endured. One of these
wretches got his just deserts. A foul
villain who edits a republican paper in
Minnesota called Governor Lind
traitor. The governor wrote him
note saying that sort of language was
hardly permissible even in a political
campaign, and asked him to correct it.
Instead of doing so, that degenerate re
peated his offense. Governor Lind said
nothing, but within thirty minutes af
ter he turned over his office as gov
ernor to his successor, although he
has but one arm, he went over to the
office of the miscreant, and with the
one good fusion fist that he has, he
knocked that wretch down three timei
in succession. By way of apology he
explained to this republican editor
that he had deprived himself of that
uxury owing to the dignity of the
office that he held until he was a pri
vate citizen again.
The skill with which the plutocrats
handle the news grows more efficient
each day. When the cases concerning
Porto Rico and the constitution came
up in the supreme court, they attracted
he attention of every intelligent citi
zen in the whole country. Every man,
woman and child was eager to read
what the lawyers had to say. Nothing
could have been printed in the daily
papers that would have been as gen
erally read as copious extracts from
those written briefs and oral argu
ments. What did the news-gatherers
at Washington send? A few meagre
extracts. They had columns of their
papers filled with detailed accounts of
prize fights, divorce cases and mur
der trials, but a few lines only con
cerning this most important matter.
It is enough to make any honest man
cry out: "A curse upon the; modern
dailies. They are an insult to the in
telligence of the people."
A distinguished lawyer the other day
began a conversation with these
words: "Since I Quit being a republi
can and got so I could think." That
sentence is full of meaning. It seems
to be a fact that republicans cannot
tninK. Take those who live here ia
Lincoln. Do they really want to pay
twice as much taxes as the citizens of
that horibly Tammany-governed city
of New, York? When they denounce
Tammany is it possible for them to do
enough thinking to realize that the
republican governed city of Lincoln is
taxed twice as much as Tammany
taxes the citizens of New York? The
lawyer suggested a very great truth
in those -words. Republicans have
never arriveu at the point of intelli
gence that enables them to think, if
they had, there would be no repub
licans.
It appears that the Kansas republi
can legislators are following the pre
cedent set by those of the same breed
in South Dakota. They are sand-bagging
the railroads for all that there is
in it. The railroad managers are ia a
worse state of worry than they have
been for ten. years. All sorts of bills
that have a tendency to annoy the rail
roads are being introduced. All those
chaps will be for giving relief to the
people from overcharges by the road3
until the managers put up enough
money to get the bills withdrawn.
Whooping it up for the republican
party has not turned out to be such a
nice thing as the railroad managers
thought it was going to be.
Kruger's visit to Europe reminds
one, of Motley's description of the re
turn of the Prince of Orange in 1570.
"The great ones of the earth, those on
whom the Prince had relied; those to
whom he had given his heart; dukes,
princes and electors, in this fatal
change of his fortunes fell away like
water. Still his spirit was unbroken."
Kruger and the Dutch in Africa be
long to the sane breed of men, and
the outcome between them and the
English may resemble the outcome of
the contest between the Duko of Alva
and the Prince of Orange.
Any business based on a national
debt and which would of necessity dis
appear if the national debt were paid,
is an immoral business and against
good public policy. Such is the busi
ness of the national banks. If it were
not for this business which realizes
such large profits there would be no
talk about selling the silver dollars
for bullion and issuing $300,000,000 of
bond- to do it. The bankers want thj
bonds and that is the only way to get
them.
E. O. Wolcott got eight votes for
United States senator in the Colorado
legislature. He is divorced from his
wife, his. magnificent home with a
British name is abandoned and that is
the end cf Wolcott. He proved a trai
tor to the principles that he had advo
cated and now he must disappear from
the public view. Good-by, Wolcott.
The Independent wishes you well, but
you must repent of your sins before
you can be saved. 5
It is constitutional to vote subsidies
to rich men, but it is unconstitutional
to vote a tax .on the income of those
subsidies. Every cent that is got out
of subsidies must stay in the pockets
of those who receive them. It would
make it unconstitutional to take any
of it for government expenses, even
the expenses incurred in salaries by
those whose time was given to putting
the measure through.
No university, no matter how high
up in the millions its endowment may
run, in which thought Is not free can
maintain its standing in the educa
tional worldt for they cannot get the
Winter Wearing
App
arel at
Here's the final price reducing the limit to
which the remaining winter wares are to be cut.
They can't stay here long at this rate, and at
such figures it will pay you to consider future
needs.
Any and all Jackets in the house, women's or M 1 1
misses' sizes, on sale now at ............. . . nHLI
A I f flff on all the Furs, Capes, Jackets, Scarfs, and
nHLr Urr larettes during this sale. 1
All the Suits worth $15.00 or
on sale now at
New Walking Skirts
An advance Spring Showing is here nowa
vast collection of the various correct things for
the coming session many novelties. You
ought to see them.
Lincoln,
services of professors who value their
own self-respect.
There is one law . that congress
should pass without fall. It should
enact that courts should not convict
and send to the penitentiary a national
banker or anyone connected with a
national bank. It is a useless expense.
Courts and juries no sooner get these
chaps behind prison bars than Mc-
Klnley pardons them and sets them
free. Seventeen "applications for par
don came before him last week, three
of whom were connected with national
banks. He set the bankers all free.
Their names were George H. Shifler,
teller of the First National of Leba
non, Pa. Cashier Hotter escaped a
pardon for he was only sentenced for
six months for stealing $100,000 and
the papers did not get around to Mc
Kinley quick enough. William B.
Hock was sentenced for six years and
six months for embezzling $5,000 from
the South Bethlehem National. . Mc-
Kinley also set him free. That is the
way it is every week. It costs hun
dreds of thousands of dollars to con
vict these national bankers and their
cashiers and it is all spent for no use
ful end. Therefore as long as McKIn
ley is president the practice of sen
tencing national bankers to the peni
tentiary should be suspended.
The attempts of ignorant and pig
headed millionaires to dictate what
shall be taught in the universities is
having a thorough overhauling these
days. Mrs. Stanford evidently thought
that the professors in her university
were of the same grade of men as the
Chinese coolies that she employs else
where that all she had to do was to
issue an order to them and it would be
obeyed without question. Men who
have spent years in universities in this
country and Europe preparing them
selves to teach, do not look upon
themselves as quite on the level of
coolies. Mrs. Stanford is an unedu
cated, almost Illiterate woman. She
has about as correct an idea of what
modern science is as one of her Chi
nese servants. Yet she undertakes to
dictate to doctors of philosophy men
whose scholarship is known to the
whole world what they shall teach!
That is the culmination of the wor
ship of money that American people
have "been indulging in for the last
quarter of a century. Money talks,
but it talks Ignorance and arrogance.
Current Comment
Most of the space in the newspapers
during the week has been devoted to
historical sketches and personal
reminiscences of Queen Victoria oc
casioned by her illness and expected
death. A short time since she went to
the Isle of Wight where she owns a
large estate and residence called Os
borne. The cause of her sudden fail
ure is attributed to the Boer war. It
is well known that she has not been in
sympathy with the Sallsbury-Cham-berlain-Rhodes
clique who brought on
the . war, and the great slaughter of
English troops which . has resulted,
among whom were some of her near
relatives, has been a source of grief.
The final collapse was brought on by
the report made to her in person by
Lord Roberts Whom she sent for to get
the truth from his own Hps. She had
been deceived by the ministers into
believing that the war was about end
ed, but when Lord Roberts related to
her the real facts and the prospect
that many months would ensue before
the matter could possible be settled,
she took it so hard that she retired to
her room, and grieved until she com
pletely broke down. The result was
a stroke of paralysis. : .
Victoria Is,.reanected the world over
as a woman feuu as a ruler. By her
Ha
OFF
Col-
OFF
more
. . . . . . ... HALF
.
Nebraska,
dignity and purity of character she has
greatly strengthened the system of
monarchy In the world. At her ac
cession in 1837 monarchy was at a low
ebb. The royal families of Europe were
degenerates In both mind, and bodies.
There was hardly an average man or
woman among them. Some were feeble-minded,
some were insane, some
were deformd. There were only one
or two who were persons of force. All
this came from purely natural causes
close Intermarriages of blood rela
tions and the vile moral life of the
courts. Monarchy is contrary to na
ture. The forced mating of pairs for
state reasons without any regard to
the affections, the rule that if a mem
ber marries outside of the royal fam
ilies he must formally renounce all
claim to royal succession for himself
and hi3 children, the system of poly
gamy that has grown up under these
restrictions called morganatic mar
riages, the social vice which it en
genders, and many other things of
like nature of very necessity forces a
deterioration of the race of monarchs.
While Queen Victoria came of such
a race, she, in her moral character and
as well as in body, was an exception
to the rule of degeneracy. In zoology
an animal that suddenly assumes a
form differing from the 6pecles is
called in popular language an abnor
mal variety, and by the scientists a
"sport." In the race of monarchs, Vic
toria is of that character. Her happy
marriage to the man of her choice, her
wedded life, her large family of chil
dren she tenderly cared for all placed
her in the abnormal among monarchs.
But the laws of nature still hold. Her
children revert back to the old race
from which she sprang.
Ascending the throne in 1837, she
has had the longest reign of any Eng
lish monarch. She has always been a
lover of peace, but her reign has been
one of almost continuous wars, it
began with a war in Canada from 1837
to 1838. Then followed the Crimean
war, from '54 to '56. There were con
tinuous wars in India from 1848 to
1878. There was war in China from.
1840 to 1850, the Ashantee war from
1863 to 1864, Abyslnian war from 1867
to 1868, a war in South Africa which
has continued almost without Inter
ruption from 1845 to the present time
when it is waged more fiercely than
ever before. There were wars in Egypt
from 1882 to 1885. Besides these, there
were wars in the Soudan and with sav
age tribes in almost every part of the
world.
Victoria of the united kingdom of
Great Britain and Ireland, and of the
colonies and dependencies thereof in
Europe, Asia, Africa, America and
Australia; queen, defender of the
faith; empress of India, was born at
Kensington palace May 24, 1819, bap
tized on June 24 following by the name
of Alexandrlna-Victoria and ascended
the throne of England on the death of
King William IV., her paternal unci.
June 20, 1837. She was the only child
of Prince Edward, duke of Kent,
fourth son of King r George III., and
of Princess Victoria-Mary-Louisa,
fourth daughter of Francis-Frederick-Anthony
(duke of Saxe-Coburg-Saal-feld),
sister of King Leopold I. of Bel
gium and widow of Emich-Charles,
prince of Leiningen.
The young queen was crowned at
Westminster abbey June 28, 1838, and
proclaimed empress of India at Delhi
January 1, 1877. On February 10, 1840,
at the royal chapel of St. James pal
ace the only love affair of her life
happily culminated in her marriage
with Prince Francis-Albert-Augustus-Charles-Emanuel,
( duke of Saxony,,
prince of Coburg and Gotha, second
son of Ernest-Frederick-Anthony-Charles-Louis,
sometime reigning duko
of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha, Of this,
union, even happier than that of most,
less-eminent mortals, nine children,
were born, viz.:
Victoria-Adelaide-Mary-Louisa, born
November 21, 1840; married January
23, 1858, Frederick-William-Nicholas-Charles,
imperial prince of Germany;
now the dowager empress of Germany.
Albert-Edward, prince of Wales and
duke of Cornwall, November 9, 1841.
Princess Alice-Maud-Mary, bom
April 25, 1843; died in 1878, sixteen,
years after her marriage to Prlnct?
Frederick of Hesse.
" Prince Alfred-Ernest-Albert, duko
of Edinburgh, prince of the united
i
