THE NEBRASKA INDEPENDENT. November 15, 1900 Zbt Uebraska Independent Llnala, Htbrjsks FFXSSE BLDG-. COR I3TH AND N ITS IrSLt5HtD Ktikt Tut'EIAT Vkt kh remittitur k not Icava mwttr tob wr , iatitrf. . to torn Uxmt4m4 by Um. Tt-py froet!j fart tf rmil 4.timt awociat tbaa left with tlw, w4 U ihr.br fail to set X44rm mil wmmnMctkmm. mod mh all drsfi. mtmr d, e.. abU to Cr tltbrstka Tmdtptndent, Lincoln. Neb. JiAot. ws&t eomooi-tkrti will Dot I oo Ucd. Ec,ct4 KA&aAerst will M t r W now have & man cf the moral character of Jim Boyd quoted approv icsly in the daily paper when . be vrtu his spleen on Bryan- What we shall tare seat to man can telL Tte democratic managers thought that ptiriotirm was more popular than the ifcorthlp cf money. In that they -esa to hare been isbtaken. Money and millionaires ar ta only thins that the poverty-stricken wretches In this coar-try admire. All higher Ideals luke co appeal to then. Henry Clay. James G. Blaine and W. i. Bryan ere defeated for the presi decry, but Franklin Pierce, Grorer Cleveland and William McKinley were elected. What righteous man would not rather to down to batory as a Clay, a Elaine, or a Bryan than as a PUrte, a Cleveland, or a McKinley? Lord Salisbury at a public dinner In London announced his intense satis faction OTfT the re-election of McKin ley. ETery plutocrat In Europe Is re joicing because the United Slates has JoiaHi the plutocratic governments of the world. Th- old American repub lic f the Declaration of Independence is a thin; of the past. We have started on a new career. The New York Journal says that Bryan was beaten for two reasons. First, on account of the silver issue, and, second, because of cutting loose from the Philippines. If ihe demo cratic party had dropped the money question and advocated the annexation of the Philippines what would have dlstltfuih4 It from Mark lianna's party? It would cot have carried the south or a single western state. If those e-astera democrats are repuoll cans In disrui&e. as we. have all along suspected, they had better join the re publican party. They will probably do that In the near future or get up a little party of their own. Every man who knows anything about the situation in New York, knows that the republican Piatt ma chine Is just as Tile as the democratic Croker machine. The Piatt machine is the mere dangerous of the two. be cause it has much effect upon national politic. The virtuous republican edi tors who have so much denunciation for Croker and his ways, have nothing to say against Piatt and his machina tions. The three most despicable po litical bosses In the United States, and they stand In the order named, are Piatt. Steve Elk Ins and Matt Quay. They always work In harmony. They are all republicans. Several fusion editors hae re marked since the election that there win bs snca a large and active minor ity la the state legislature and in con eress that the republicans cannot pass any very radical measures. If they hate any political sense left, they will atop that kind of talk. The republi cans hare carried a large majority of the states and have a good working majority In congress. Let them pass all the radical republican measures that they want to and let us see If their theories will bring us prosperity and happiness. Let cone of our men seek to obstruct them. Their duty will be performed when they vote. Let us see what armies, trusts, colonies and bank money will do for us. Let them run the state to suit themselves. At the close of Cleveland's last term democracy is a wreck. Bryan gal- Tanlzed it Irto life. Now it is wrecked again. Both times the party has been wrecked by Its goldbug adherents in the eastern states. The only life that It has ever had la it came from the west and the south. If it has any fu ture at all it will lie in a complete sep aration from the gold bug wing in th east. No man of any sense can fail to se that such men as Gorman. Hoke Smith and Olney announced their In tention to vote for Bryan simply that they might maintain their standing in the detaocratic party and then did all that they could to defeat him. Those fellows cow say that they are going to reorganize the democrat !c pirty. We hope they will. They will have a high old time when they come to Texas, Tillman t country and the western states. NO OBSTRUCTION. The people have; spoken sradThe In dependent submits to the instructions given at the polls. , It hopes that the whole populist party will resolve to put no obstruction in. the way of any legislation that the republicans want to enact either In state or cation. Let us try republican theories and see If they will result In prosperity and hap piness for the people. ; . . Let us have a big regular army,- a big. costly navy. Let us turn' over all the industries to the trusts. Put no ob struction in the way of their raising prices just as high as they choose. Let us demand a conscription law and force the young men who seem to have voted almost solidly for the republi can party into the ranks of the pri vate soldiers. Let us Insist that the censorship shall be more firmly estab lished and only such things printed as the rich want to see in the papers. Let us help to keep the f tamp taxes in force and add to all other taxes. Let us Insist that goods shall still be sold to foreigners for half what they are sold to Americans.. Don't put any thing In the way of any of these things being done. The people have said what they wanted and the com mands of the people most be obeyed. Let us insist that more railroad magnates and multi-millionaires shall have the seats in the senate. Let us advocate such men as Cnauncey Depew or young Vanderbilt for president. Let us demand the continuation of wars of conquest and Insist that Cuba shall come along with Porto Rico and the Philippines. - This government for the next four years is to be a government by the rich. The people have demanded it and they must have It. We, unuer the present condition of the popular mind, could not have even carried Colorado or Montana if we had not had some of the multi-millionaires on our side in those states. Without them and their money," we would have been snowed under there just as we were every where else. The people regard noth ing but money any more. Only men who have accumulated millions have their aumlratlon. The people have ordered a govern ment of the rich, by the rich and for the rich. We made tte best fight we could against it, but the people have said that they wanted It and they are entitled to have' it. They have said that they wanted trusts. Let us have the trusts without any hindrance from our party. Populists should also quit taking sides with those who vote for govern ment by Injunction and then go on a strike to get higher wsges. "All these fellows vote for trusts and low wages and they should be made to abide by the result of their votes. If "they don't want It they shouldn't vote for It. There will be some big strikes in the near future. If populists have any sense left ey will not side with the strikers. They did that in the case of Debs and they have had Debs as well as the rich against them ever since. They sided with the Pennsylvania coal miners. Then the coal miners went to the polls and voted almost to a man for Matt Quay and McKinley. The populists have sympathized with the renters and hoped that the time might come when each man might own hi3 own heme. But these renters nearly all voted for plutocracy. They wanted wealth all concentrated In few hands and whole counties to be owned by one man. Now let them have it- The present census is showing a vast increase in the number of renters. In this state the populists have polled their votes against such a pol icy. Men who were educated in the alliance did not want any of these things -and voted against them. They are the thrifty and intelligent people of the farming districts! But the ma jority Is against them. More people in this-state want Mark Hanna and the trusts than are opposed to them. Let them have Mark Hanna and the trusts and put nothing in their way. THE NEBRASKA INDEPENDENT. The readers of The Independent know more of the facts of current his tory, more of economics, more of the leading politicians of the country and more of the trend of public affairs than the readers of any other paper. The time is coming in the near future when the knowledge will be of great value to them. The Ignorance of the most common things by republicans, even those who claim to belong to the higher classes, is simply astonishing. The other day a colored man was making a speech on the streets of Lin coln In which he said that two half dollars weighed less than a silver dol lar. A republican a man doing a large business listened to him and remarked that he wondered that any crowd would stand and listen to such absolute nonsense. "But," said a by stander, "that is true."' The republi can looked at him w:th perfect con tempt. Then the man said, "Come with me and let us see." They went into a drug store and weighed two half dollars and a dollar. That republican was In. the condi tion of thousands of other republicans. He had read nothing but partisan re publican papers. He was not only ig norant of that fact, but cf thousands of other things that he ought to have known, and would have known if he had been a reader of The Independent. You cannot afford to get into this con dition. You are interested in knowing the facts. Hundreds of these are printed in The Independent that you will get nowhere else unless you spend hours of time in reading the great' dai lies and magazines. They will; cost you ten times as much In money as will The Independent. Many of you have not the time to spend in reading scores of columns in the daily papers and cull out of them the few real facts that you desire to have. In the "News of the Week," the editor of The Independent does that work for you, and there you will find the record of current events of all the world in which you are interested, with such comments as will show their bearing on the home and family life of the common American citizen. The work of education must be kept up. The value of that work is shown in the steady, unflinching column of reform voters. They have had the facts and e mass of the. people have not. We polled more votes than we ever did before. We held all our old voters and made a few converts. Our voters knew that the better times was because of two years of good crops and the vast increase in the coinage of sliver, the unlooked for output of gold and the issue of vast sums of paper money. Those who nad not been edu cated and who did not know the facts, believed it was because McKinley was president. Each voted on the informa tion that he had. If fitty thousand of the voters had been furnished The In dependent they would have had the in formation that they lacked. So far, no republican paper has made editorial mention of the rise of trust stocks and the rise in prices of all trust goods. The men who take only republican papers will never know why there has been a sudden rise In sugar,- dressed meats, salt and many other things. They will only find out that they 1 have risen when they go to town to buy goods. The men who read The Independent will know. That knowledge will be of value to them, a value many times larger than what the paper wiy ever cost them. Therefore let the readers of The In dependent make every effort to ex tend the circulation of the paper, for their own interest and for the interest of all their neighbors, republicans as wel as fusionists. In other words, keep up the fight. Stand for your fire sides and your homes. Four years of trusts, from the way they have started out, will open the eyes of a good many men. ONE THING ESSENTIAL The plan outlined by the eastern democrats for the reorganization of the democratic party as stated in in terviews by many of the prominent democrats who have always fought Bryan, as well as the New York Jour nal and other papers, is to adopt all of the populist demands, including public ownership of railroads, tele graphs, gas plants, water plants, elec tric light plants, postal saving banks in fact everything except the populist theories" concerning money. That is only proof of what The Independent has said a thousand times. It has pointed out time and again to the en thusiastic populists that their de mands would all be granted by the goldbugs without question, except the fundamental one of all, the control o the volume of money by the people. That is the one 'thing essential to plutocracy. They never lose sight of that. It underlies all, and overshad ows all other questions. Upon It is built the massive fortunes of the mul-ti-millionalres. By it the concentra tion of capital has . been possible and without it, it would be impossible. Upon it rests the trusts. By it plutoc racy secures the control of the govern ment. . Without it, the government, would go back into the hands of the people. Let populists be on their "guard. These bribes of unessential things, however good they may be in them selves, should never allure them away from the essential thing. As long as the power to control the volume ol money rests in the hands of the rich, just so long will we have a govern ment by the rich, or in other words, plutocracy. - A familiar sight during the latter part of this winter and next spring will be the beautiful pictures of sar geants, corporals and enlisted men, dressed in fine clothes out on a parade ground, that the war department sends out when it wants recruits. They will adorn the bill boards everywhere. These are really fine works of art and have a great attraction for the bump kins who loaf around the streets. They have not been a common thing in this land of the free and home of the brave, but they will be very com mon hereafter. They are never out of sight in England. There, the re cruiting sergeants have a fashion of getting the bumpkins drunk and then giving them the "Queen's shilling, which settles their fate. Our recruit ers will soon get onto that sort of j thing", for "it's English, you know." THE TRUSTS. ' J, , . Not only have the organized trusts had a boom since the election such as the world never saw before, but a score or more of new 'trusts have been, organized in the last few days, promi nent among which is the rice trust and cotton trust. Salt has advanced from $1.10 to $2.50. Meat has ad vanced a cent- a- pound. Sugar has gone up fifteen, cents a hundred pounds. Iron and steel have made substantial advances as well as many other things. The rice trust is making contracts good for' only four years; which seems to indicate that the man agers have not much faith that anoth er trust president will ' be elected at the close of McKinley's-term. Of the things that farmers have to sell, everything has. gone down ex cept hogs. Wheat fights hard on the boards of trade, but there has been a gradual decline, an' eighth cent at a time. Everything that the farmer has to buy has gone lip.1 As to the, wage workers, the cost of living j has in creased and there will be. no rise in wages. ' It is generally conceded that organ ized labor stood, almost solid for re form, but the workers in the trade unions are few In comparison to those outside. The vast army of counter jumpers clerks who get from five to eight dollars a- week went solid - for the trusts. This is a class that has always been held n contempt by the clear-eyed, muscular farmer boys. They have always stood at the tail end of manhoo.d. They have never had sense enough to organize for their own interests. In one store here in Lin coln where the merchant has given this class of mental nonentities better wages, with less fines and discounts than any other employer and never undertaken to control their votes, was disgusted to find that every . one of them had voted for McKinley, while he had been striving to make their con dition better. They will now pay trust prices for board , and clothes and get no advance in wages. They hadn't half the sense of the girls who worked by their side. A slim-fingered, pale faced thing, calling himself - a man, selling lace, ribbons and corsets, is a disgusting sight to any manly man. Those things all voted for McKinley. EDUCATING MARK HANNAS. The great universities of the coun try are being used to educate young men so that they shall be efficient boo dle campaigners." . The lofty ideals that once inspired .the young men who sought higher education, the sense of justice and fair play are abandoned, and while yet in college "the young men are taught to accept corporation bribes and to make a boast of it. The young men accept a bribe in the shape of free transportation, of from five to fifty dollars from the railroad to go home and vote the republican ticket, and instead of being ashamed of it, they, in many cases, make a boast of it. It is well known among all the students that every man who could be relied upon to go home and vote the republican ticket was given free trans portation. Not one who was looked upon as doubtful could obtain the least reduction In rates. Many of these populist and fusion young men did go home at a great sacrifice a sacrifice so great that they will feel it for many weeks for the sole purpose of voting. They paid full fare both ways. But the tone of the university is such that these young men of honor are looked upon with pity, while those who took the bribes are regarded as the coming men of influence. Teaching students bribery is one of the missions of the republican party. When these young men take the helm of state we may look for whaU There is nothing like-a. monopoly. It has such a vigorous way of squeez ing the people and does it with such perfect complacency." Take the Lin coln Gas company. Every other, firm in the city sends around a bill and is perfectly satisfied if it is paid when presented. Not so the gas monopoly. It insists that every customer must come to It and inquire what the bill is and if he don't it sets itself up as a court without theright of ap peal, and fines its customer ..whatever it sees fit, because he did -not come around, inquire what he'owed anu set tle on the first of the month: "No; there is nothing like a monopoly. It is given to the recipient by the coun cil, without cost and the owner grows rich and is happy. : r .-. u, THE INDIANS. If a falsehood once becomes cujrent, It seems almost impossible to correct it.. It matters little whether it is of personal interest to the people, an ab stract idea or a historical fact. Let it be generally circulated and currently believed and that settles the matter for all except a few investigators. The idea that this continent was once thickly populated with Indians, that they have decreased in numbers just in the ratio that they have come in contact with the whites, is fully be lieved by nine-tenths of the people. The truth Is that there are as many Indians now as there were when Co lumbus landed and if we count those who have amalgamated with the whites or have become a part of the citizenship of the country, engaged in business and the varied pursuits of civilized life, there are a good many more. The secretary of the interior has just submitted his annual report. He has every means of ascertaining the facts. The scientists of the Smith sonian institute as well as the census enumerators all agree upon this- mat ter. The report says it can be stated with a great degree of confidence that the Indian population of the United States has been very little diminished from the days of Columbus, Raleigh, Captain John Smith and other early explorers. The first reliable Indian census was in 1870, and certainly since then the Indian population has been nearly ' stationary, whatever decrease there is being attributable to Indians becoming citizens. There is an immense amount of time wasted in the common schools under the pretense of teaching patriotism. The result of it is. they don't teach patriotism, but a sort of fetish worship of the flag that has neither sense nor nonsense In it. Patriotism is a love of one's country. To teach a child pa triotism he must be shown that his country is worth loving. Let the child be told what this country has done to uplift mankind. Let it be shown how under the inspiration of the constitu tion and the Declaration of Indepen dence men have, been made free and vigorous. ? How by living In a free country all may have a chance to ad vance, that education spreads, that the homes of the poor are made more comfortable, that the whole people are happier. A child so taught will love his country will grow up to be a pa triot. This everlasting talk about the flag has no tendency whatever to make patriots. The constant flaunting of the flag, its use for commercial and partisan purposes places it before the child in a manner to destroy all gen uine respect for it. Flag worship is just as disgusting and degrading as joss worship. Mr. Edgerton, who did most of the work for the populist national ticket, was left by the astute managers al most entirely without funds. The foolish notion that eastern states could be carried -for western ideas without previous educational work has had its day. Western ideas will never get a foothold there until they get them in the same way they were propagated in the west. Teach the j people the fundamental principles of political economy as tney have been taught out here. Mr. Edgerton was in that work from the beginning and well knew how to do it, but the wiseacres would not allow him the means. to do i it. The time to educate the people is not during a campaign. The work of education in the west was done in the school houses during the winter months when men were not excited to a partisan irenzy The railroads took a more active part in this campaign than any that ever occurred in this state. More trans portation was given away and more active work was done by the roads than ever before. If this legislature can't find some way to prevent the railroads from furnishing the funds to run republican campaigns and then taxing it up against the people in un just rates, the members will not earn their salt. One thing is certain, if the railroads can ta the people for the benefit of the republican party, the legislature can certainly tax it back from them for the benefit of the whole people. This railroad question is go ing to be a mighty big question for the next two years Gentle treatment only has the tendency to make the man agers more rapacious. One of the first things that this leg islature should do should be to give us a ballot that can be voted without hav ing gone through a school of instruc tion to learn how. All manner of mis takes have been made with the one we had this time, but the crowning infamy of the whole thing was that a man could be asked his politics. That infamy should be wiped out instanter. In the opinion of this writer a ballot should be so made that with one mark the whole ticket could- be voted. A large majority of voters desire to so vote. But no obstruction should be put m the way of those who want to scratch their ticket. The old ballot with the little cottage on it was the best ballot we ever had. The New York Journal says that we must take the control of money away from the banks and put it back in the government, by making all the paper money redeemable in gold. If ther is any more certain way of giving the banks the control of money than that, the ingenuity of man has failed to dis cover it. With only one metal to cor ner and a large issue of paper money, the banks would have a very easy time of it. It wouldn't be very long until all the available gold would be locked up in their vaults. No man will longer deny that "money can buy an election" after he scans the Nebraska returns. That matter is settled. SPECIAL ; We quota a few cheap prices on Notions Prices that are good only: till November 22, and being .made in connection L A I 1 1 once to guarantee the tilling of Watch for these Independent. THE STATE RETURNS. . It had been hoped that before this edition of The Independent went to press the official returns from all coun ties In the state would be available. But that has not proved true. This much is positively known. The re publicans have elected all the state officers. The vote on governor will not vary far from 300 between the two candidates and that in favor of Diet rich. The legislature will depend upon the count in Omaha. That will not be finished before Friday. Both par ties still claim it. After the votes are all counted and officially declared, some valuable les sons can be gathered from them. It is useless to attempt it now. There is no doubt, however, that many thou sands of illegal votes were cast in this state. These show up in little towns along the railroads most unmistakably. In many of these small towns the number of votes cast for many years have been known to all. Parties have been clearly defined. Every man is known to be a republican, democrat populist or free silver republican. Yet in many of these towns while the fu sion vote has remained the same, the republican vote returned has been in creased all the way from twenty-five and thirty to as high as eighty and ninety. The fusionists have made a slight increase in their vote, but no one can tell where the new 18,000 or 20,000 republican votes have come from. There has been no such increase in the permanent inhabitants of this state. In fact six or seven counties in which crops have failed for the last two years have been almost depop ulated. This much The Independent says this week. When the vote is finally canvassed by the secretary of state and given to the public, some inquiry will be made in those places where this enormous increase appears. At least some of these men who came Into the state and swore In their votes must be reached and prosecuted. If they are not, it will be folly for Nebraska ever to go to the expense of holding anoth er election. The English cabinet seems deter mined to demonstrate that Pinafore is not a comic opera at all, but a gen uine representation of the imperial way of doing things. Lord Salisbury is engaged In appointing "his uncles, his cousins and his aunts" to office so fast that even the old conservative pa pers that have been tories since the memory of man runneth not to the contrary, are expressing astonishment, while some of them have gone so far as to make mild dissenting comments. Joe Chamberlain is looking out for his relatives In the same manner. Meantime ! the Boers keep killing Englishmen at the old rate. As soon as congress shall pass the bill increasing the navy to four times Its present size as recommended by the navy authorities, naval recruiting stations will be opened In all the states of the union. It will take quite a number of Nebraska boys to supply the quota from this state. Y 1 The result of Imperialism always has been, is now and will continue to be war. HARDY'S COLUMN Nominations Poor Joe Spanish Emi grationTropical Diseases Money Legal Tender Tariff Republican Tammany Bryan Not Dead Nor Sleeping. - ' .We nominate Captain Billingsley for our new governor's adjutant general. We like to see matched teams, matched in every particular. I Joe Bartley may now expect his lib ', erty and privilege to spend that half j million he . stole from the taxpayers 1 of the state. Such worthy republicans 1 ought not to be shut up in the peui ' tentiary. It is hinted that one of the next United States senators had a i hundred thousand or tnat money. The Spaniards are coming over and vim our great govern oer clearing sale now m progress. . 20 ani 25c embroidered Swiss handkerchiefs. 12)c " ' 10c Cambric hankerchiefs, ladies or gents, hemstitched, 5 50c Steel shear and scissors 25c ' f5c Shell hair pins, 15c box . , ' C Silk hair nets, 2 for 5q : 20c Frilled silk elastic, all colors 12c 50c Zephyr shawls. 25c 81 00 Gold plated chain bracelets, 50c Wool soap, 3 cakes, 10c Mail Orders Always Promptly Filled. ; Orders, for these goods at these prices must reach us at MAIL ORDER DEPARTMENT 1 same. 1 weekly specials in settling in Cuba by the thousands. It is estimated that more than 40,000 have already come, besides several thousand from other countries. The promise that they shall have a frea government brings them. They would flock to the Philippines In. the same way if the same promise was made to that people. The tropic wars will not be as pop ular when our boys begin to return loaded down with infectious diseases. Seventy-five per cent of the English soldiers returning from the East In dies are, so diseased that. they. are kept in quarantine for months and many of them for life. Their friends are not allowed to even shake hands with them for fear of spreading one of the many diseases. Nor are the soldiers, allowed to drink out of the same cup for the same reason Instead of retiring the greenbacks they should be increased to $500,000,000 and then should the banks of the oast apply the "endless chain" again, in stead of borrowing gold, ' the govern ment should apply the same chain to the banks, present their bllla and re quire redemption in gold. The same gold could be used in redeeming green backs. Counter irritation is one of the remedies in medical practice. We will continue to have good times pro viding the republicans continue to in crease the legal tender money as fast as business increases as they have done during the past four years. The mints have coined several millions of silver dollars every month. Then we can stand the high protec tive tariff if they would only let us buy American 4 made goods . anywhere in the world and bring them home free. Now we have to pay a tariff on our own goods when we. bring them home. That is the meanest and most unjust portion of the whole tariff law. The republicans find much fault with the democratic . Tammany ring of New Y'ork. They ought not to, for they have just such a republican ring In the republican city of Philadelphia and even a much worse ring and Quay Is their Croker. The city did own md run the gas plant, but the ring run it into the ground so badly that it was sold and now the new owners are mak ing millions out of it and their ring gets a slice of the profits, of course. It is hard to change parties. In cities where there are so many more thieves than honest men. Wanamaker seems to be the only man honest enough to kick against city corruption. Nebraska people should not hold up their hands in horror, for we have the same conditions In our cities, only on a smaller scale. If we could change parties every four years we could beep ourselves clean. We have some scold ing to do in regard to our city and state management. There was no need for .letting Nebraska and Kansa3 change quite so soon. It Is the fruit of our own foolishness. - The only trouble with Bryan on these questions, he is a little ahead of the times. : In four or five years te majority of the people will stand where he now stands. Bryan is not dead, neither is his doctrine dead. His speeches and his writings wilt Jive af ter McKinley's administration has been forgotf"' Two defeats will" not silence eit his tongue or his" pen. .When Frer cnt was defeated we en joyed standing with him rather than with Buchanan elected. So today give us Bryan defeated rather than McKin ley elected. News of the Week As soon as the election was over the administration gave th5"annvial re port of General MacArthur. A consid erable portion of the report relates to events which took place previous to the date when he assumed command, and he publishes some of the corre spondence and proclamations of the Filipinos obtained before that time. He refers to the change in Aguinaldo's plans in abandoning his army organi zation and starting a guerrilla warfare.- The conditions of the country have afforded advantages for such a policy, he says, as they have enabled the insurgents to appear and disap pear at their convenience. At one tim they are soldiers and Immediately af ter are within the American lines la the attitude of peaceful natives, A v.-.C oattered formation of Fili pinos (Juluciy followed the guerrilla warfare, wiiich led to a corresponding dissemination of American troops, there being ,fifty-three 'military sta tions in the archipelago November 1, 1899, and 413 stations September 1, 1900. This resulted in a large num ber of minor affairs., many of which did 'not assume the dignity of a reg ular combat, though the casualties be tween the dates stated were 268 Axa-