THE NEBRASKA INDEPENDENT. Sept. 7, 1899 THE STRUGGLE FOR FREEDOM Ex-Gov. Altgeld's Labor Day Speech in New York City. Religious, Political and Industrial Problems Past and Present. Mission of Political Parties Changes and Progress Made. BRYAN DECLARED THE NEW JEFFERSON Tha following speech was delivered fcjr ex-Got. Altgeld on Labor day at j Cooper Union, New York City: 1 A RETROSPECT. j rk. History of th. Tutor. Wrltt.n by the FmL A Uttle over two centuries ago the ft-orld began ita great struggle for re ligious liberty, for freedom of thought, for the right to worship 3od accord ing to the dictates of the Individual 1 conscience. The established interests of the time, the government, the church and the powerful influences in society were opposed to this, and the earth was made red with the blood of men and women and even of children U slaughtered, by the established interests In order to prevent the growth of a higher idea; In order, If possible, to arrest human progress. But their efforts were vain. The hu man race moved forward and stood in a purer light, a great principle was es tablished and man was-made nobler and better. A little over one century ago the world began Its struggle for political freedom, and again the gov ernments of the earth, the church, the . commercial Interests of the world, and the powerful Influences in society were opposed to the new movement, and again the earth was reddened with the blood of men and of women, guilty of no offense except that of aspiring to freedom. But in spite of all op- position) the cause of liberty triumph ed, humanity made another stride for ward and took another step .upward. It camped on higher ground and stood !n a still broader light ; In spile or the sneers of the privileged classes, the , great principle of human equality wai established, and the further principle - that governments derive their Just powers from the consent of the gov erned, as expressed by the majority. Under the inspiration of religious lib erty there came an intellectual activ- - ity such as the world had not seen, and under the inspiration of political liberty and of human equality there came an intellectual, a moral and a physical development that eclipsed an the ages and that changed the world's civilizations. Now, another century has elapsed and the world is facing the morning of a new epoch. Today the world is making its tight for finan cial and Industrial freedom, and again we see the government, the commer cial interests and the powerful Influ ences of Boclety in opposition and atrlvtnt to defeat the new movement But the hand of Omnipotence has npver been stayed. Evolution has never been arrested, and human prog ress has never been stopped by the forces of organized selfishness. This mnvAment for industrial freedom Is the new and next unfolding of the great flower of man s progress, and the new century upon which we are entering will see it blossom and glad den the souls of men with its beauty and its fraerance. Just how It will coma, lust who must fight and who must die, we know not The religious martyr could not tell wno would, be hurnt at the stake, nor when their cause should triumph; but with deep convictions they stood tirm, ana, ai thnneh the earth trembled, the race was delivered. Our forefathers could not foresee Bunker Hill. Lexington or Torktown; but with high resolve they want forth to battle, and man. en nobled by freedom, embarked on a nigner mission, so, iouay, we kuu not what must vet be borne, nor how much must yet be suffered, but we do know that this cause must trlumpn. nd if this feneration of men cannot furnish the heroes who will fight the battles of Justice and push forward th. ri of nroeress. the Almighty will raise a generation of men that will do it And, with industrial and finan cial freedom, with the establishment of a broader and higher Justice, will come a nobler conscience; and hand in hand with these will come happiness to humanltr. Industry must be freed from the burdens and restrictions due to vicious laws and still more vlcjoua ritems. and the hand of toll must have a more equitable share of -the fruits of that toll. Justice and the higher welfare of . man require new systems to take the nlace of the com MtltlT svstem in all cases in which the competitive system has entirely failed, and in those cases in which the competitive system, when left to work . out its ultimate results, tends to de troy all that is noble in man. ladaatrial Slavery. Glancing back at man's industrial history we find that it has been long struggle with brute force, but the progress made has been wonderful From the aboriginal . condition in , which man literally devoured his fel low man after the manner of wild beasts up to the condition which we see today In w,lch he seeks to de vour only the ibatance of his toll la a tremendous stride, and in taking this ttride he has come up through a great variety of. conditions, each of which for the time seemed best adapt ed to his protection In his struggle again superior brute force. It took the world a long time to acquire even perception of right and wrong in the simplest cases. Might was the sole standard of right for ages; ever after it was recognized that one man has no right to rob another, it was con sidered permissible and even honor able for a band of men, under pretense of war, to despoil a peaceable people. After the family relationship, the tribal relationship and a variety of other conditions, what is known as the competitive system acquired sway throughout most of the civilized world. This system marks a certain stage in man's development, and it has been claimed for it that it bad a tendency to make him self-reliant, and there fore to make htm capable of the high est achievement In this system, what Darwin called the "fittest" (he should have said the "toughest") survive, and the weaker of necessity go- to the ground. And by and by it was dis covered that while this system did tend to make man self-reliant and to develop his individuality, yet under it the nobler elements of man s nature, kindness, generosity, pity, were appar ently a hindrance to his struggle; that Inasmuch as the struggle was con stantly in an environment of brute force the man who had the greatest cunning and controlled the greatest brute force must win; in short, that if this system is left to go on to work out its ultimate results it will tend to produce a race of hyenas, sharp, keen and fierce, but destitute of those ele ments that ennoble human life. See ing this, some great men whose heartr went out to humanity have long cast about for some way of deliverance. Various remedies and systems have been suggested, a few of which have been partially and imperfectly tried. They "looked through a glass dark ly." They Baw here and there a ray of light amid general gloom and en deavored to follow. They were like the Infant crying in the night, an in fant crying for the light, with no lan guage but a cry. Th. Financial Question. There Is the great financial question, the effort on the part of the tollers and producers of America to restore one of the great money metals of the world to the function and position which it had held for ages. By stealth and by fraud one of the money metals of the world was demonetized by gov- ernmental action; not by commerce, not by the Industries and enterprises of the world, but by the strong arm ol the government, wielded by chlcans and the greed of the world. As the re sult of this act the world's volume ol actual money was gradually reduced by nearly one-half; and, as the world's volume of money tends to determine the selling price of property. It follows that the property of the world, and particularly farms and farm products, fell In the Belling price by nearly one- half, while the debts and fixed charge remained the eame. And even today, when we are told that the farmer la prosperous, he Is selling his products at Just about one-half what he former ly got This, determines his purchas iug power and of necessity determine his social status. By reducing his pur chasing power to about one-half whal it formerly was, by depriving him ol his ability to buy at the factory and at the store as he formerly did, th great American market has been de stroyed to a large extent, and we art looking abroad In foreign lands for markets for our goods, when we would find a greater market than we could possibly supply right at home if wc would again restore the farmer's pur chasing power 4o what it would be 11 the world's prices of products were fixed by, a volume of money consisting of both metals, Instead of being fixed by a volume of money consisting 0 only one metal. Parmer and - Trasta. At present the farmer has to pa) ' trust prices that Is, prices arbitrarily made high by monopolies for every' thing that he buys; but he has to sell his products not only In the open mar ket of the world, but he has to sell them on a single gold standard value, which is only about one-half as high as a bimetallic standard of value would be. This great wrong having been done to all property-owners and to al debtors, by government, must be tin- done by government; and, Inasmuch as the powerful moneyed classes of the country are opposed to having the gov ernment right this great wrong, wi must have a political Dirty with stiff! (clent moral courage and sufficient de rotlon to the cause of Justice to can out this reform without the aid of the moneyed classes. , Enthroned Dollar. Enslaved Xn Again, 'the fierce commercialism of .he age, which has tended to enthrone the dollar and enslave the man, has lowered the standards and has cov ered the land with corruption until corrupt concentrations of money .wield ed by unscrupulous men, have acquired such a complete control of the gov ernments, national, state and "munici pal, that the people are almost helpless. Laws destructive to their interests are passed through bribery, and laws nec essary for their protection are kept oft the statute book by bribery. To meet this new and unfortunate condition it Is necessary that the people be given the power. In certain emergencies, to legislate direct, either by a popular vote to put specific acts upon the stat ute book or to declare certain specific acts already on the statute book to be null and void. This would destroy the business of bribery, because it would render the fruits of bribery worthless. No corporation would buy a legislature or a city council If the acts of that leg islature or council could be nullified by the people. ' Initiative and Referendum. In some countries of the world they have lpng had a system of this kind. They call it Initiative and referendum, meaning that the people shall in cer tain emergencies have the power to in itiate legislation and shall have the power to have legislation that already exists referred to a vote of the people, Thle system has worked marvelously well where It has been tried, and we must have a political party in our country with sufficient devotion to free institutions and republican government to establish it here. It is not a ques tion to speculate about. It Is not , a chimerical Idea; it is simply a ques tion of self-preservation. Trial by Jury. Again, the Anglo-Saxon race has ihed moft blood to maintain the right of trial by jury and the right of free speech than for any other purposes. And the establishing of the right of trial by Jury and of free speech Is re garded by the world as the greatest achievement In the nistory of govern ment. Both our federal constitution and our various state constitutions guarantee those rights to every Amer ican citizen. Yet within the last few years federal Judges, appointed through corporation influence, and sitting on the bench with a corporation bias, have stricken down trial by Jury and brushed It aside with a mere wave of the hand. And they have established what is now known as government by injunction in Its stead a system under which the liberties of the American people become subject to the whim, the caprice and prejudice "of a federal judge. It isa complete subversion of the most sacred rights of man. - It Is the assassination of free institutions. Even In monarchical Europe no such a system would be tolerated for a day. If It is to continue here, then the re public is at an end. Then the high est hopes of man must be broken, and we will be governed by a money oli garchy, governing through the crea tures whom it puts on the bench. Need I say to you, my friends, that to put an end to this system and to re-establish in all its sacredness and all its purity trial by Jury, the bulwark of the lib erties of the English-speaking people, we need a political party that stands for something higher than spoils? We need a party that has high ideals, and that is capable of lofty devotion and great self-sacrifice. Th. Democratic Party. What about the other great party? For the first forty years of our history it was the party of progress, that gave to the world the highest ideals and shaped the destiny of our country, For thirty years after the war it stood for practically the same things that the republican party stood for. ' That is, it had become a mere convenience of political and commercial manipula tors who used it to further their own ends and amass fortunes. During these thirty dark years it held out no Inspiration, it pointed to no great prin ciple, It espoused no great cause, it made no heroic fight for anything; but the Almighty has wisely provided that every lane shall have a turn, 'find that there shall be an end to all things, And there came an end to the lane of trimming, trading and trickery in which we had marched; three years ago the party came out of the lowlands and took a position on the hill top of progress. It repudiated the men who had degraded and betrayed it; it flung new banners to the breeze; it espoused the cause of humanity, and it adopted a new declaration of American lnde pendence. Standing for the noblest and highest thought of the time it has drawn to its standards the patriotic in telligence of America. A new set of men have come to the front; men who, instead of seeking only selfish ends on the low plane of brutality, stand out in the sun, ready to make every sacrifice for the welfare of the race. These men have high ideals, and the party guided by these men Is capable of dealing with the great problems that confront us; Is capable of leading the American people onto the great plane of industrial freedom, just as their predecessors a century ago led this re public unto the plane of political free dom. Hearing th. Promised Land. My friends, we are not yet in the promised land! We have yet a mighty struggle before us. In fact, the great conflict Is only begun. Mighty bat ties are yet to be fought, great sacri fices must yet be made; reverses, de feats and humiliation may yet have to be endured, but we are conscious ' of standing for the right conscious of tandiaa- for a biaber humanity, con scious of being In harmony with the evolution of the age, conscious of moving along the line marked out by the Almighty for the guidance of His people. And we know that the cause we represent will triumph, but until the hour of final victory we must be on our guard, and we must be con stantly ready for every conflict. Watch th. Trimmers. First, we must be on our guard in our own party, for . those - interests which have dominated the. party so long have not yet surrendered, but are seeking in every way possible to get control. Should they success It would defer the hopes of mankind and in tensify the struggles of the toilers of this land; it would postpone the day of deliverance. Ever since '96 these interests have been scheming, organ izing and systematically working to again get control of the machinery of the party and dominate its councils. They have talked about harmony, talked about getting the offices, talk ed about everything except a high idea and noble purpose, or a great end. They succeeded in getting control of most of the mayors of the large Amer ican cities; they got Into friendly com munication with what are known as county eat politicians all over the country, who simply want office and do not care whether it is Christ or Beelzebub who is mentioned In the plat form. The idea was industriously cir culated that if we would take down the banners we hoisted in '96, if we would abandon the principles we declared for, if we would again straddle every vital issue and fool as many people as pos sible, then we could win and get the offices, then we could again elevate small men to high positions. But they forget that we have passed the turn in the lane; they forget that the six and one-half million men who fought with us in '96 had been taught for sev eral years to hold their heads up and to work for a principle; that these men had been taught to be Independent and to assert their manhood, and that, consequently, while they might be be trayed they could not be delivered, and that, therefore, any scheme which con templated the control of conventions by fraud of bribery or trickery, any scheme which contemplated changing the great platform 'of '96 would lose to the democratic party fifty men where it Would possibly bring it one. It would lose the men of high purpose and strong convictions who are do ing the world's work, and gain a few men who represent the corrupt com mercialism of the age, and who would render the party incapable of any high mission in case we should succeed and they were to dominate its councils. The machinations and systematic plans to which I have referred were car ried bo far, the schemers were be coming bo bold and the trimmers were becoming so active that about seven or eight months ago it was felt that something should ,be done to check their activity; felt that something should be done to serve notice on that class of politicians throughout the country that the Chicago, platform democrats, who constituted the great bulwark of the party, would stand no trifling, that while they might be be trayed they could not be delivered. For if syndicates, chicanery, bribery and corrupt commercial interests must dominate the government we want the republican party to do it. It is today the especial mission of that party to represent those interests and the dem ocratic party must not embark on that line of business. This country doesn't need two syndicate parties. The dem ocratic party has an entirely different mission. - Why Altgeld Ron for Mayor of Chleart Moved by these considerations, and feeling that it was necessary to pre vent the banners of our great party from being lowered, we entered the municipal contest last spring in Chi cago, making a fight for the Chicago platform and municipal ownership. We made the fight for the purpose ol maintaining great principles, and for the purpose of serving notice on the politicians of the country that if the party were betrayed It could not be delivered, and that If they wanted to win, then good politics, to say nothing of principle, would require them to stand faithfully by the Chicago plat form and help the party carry out its great mission. - Savins- th. Platform of 1896. Here in this Kreat state of New York you have formed an organiza tion for the same nurnose.' And let me say that no man ever embarked in a nobler work. Recent events have indicated that the people are standing firm throughout the land, and very recent events indicate that some of the politicians have noticed this fact and are' preparing to accept the situation. Whether the conspiracy to overthrow th Chlcazo nlatform will be aban tinned, or whether it will go on, I do not know; but, my friends, we must take no chances. The people of America are with us and they are in earnest, and we must see to it that they are not betrayed. We welcome oil men to our ranks who believe in the great mission of the democratic party and who are ready to neip 11 arrv out that mission. And, on the other hand, we say to all men who do not believe in the mission of the nnrtr ' who are not willing to help es tahiiah the miehtv reforms for which Providence has chosen it: Your place is not in tne democratic party, ana m manw thins: for you to do is to seel those councils and that party that are in harmony with your idea, we look nnt in tha nasL We harbor no malice Our face Is toward the sun, we are holding out our hands. If you love tnnr country, then come wltn us. Let me now say in conclusion that our skies are brightening. We hav not lost a single devotee, while all nv.r tha land men are rallying to out standards who fought us in 96 and wno are now determined to overthrow the iniquity they helped to ' create. They are weary of duplicity in the White House, they see that the re public is being destroyed, and they look with hope to the Jefferson of Ne braska. We live in momentous times; the age is pregnant with mighty issues. Let us stand firm, let us rise to the occasion and great will be the Joy of an emancipated people. THE PERCENTAGE PLAN. Bow It Haa Worked Applied to Toronto's Street Railways. According to the Toronto Mail and Empire of Au. 10 last, the earnings of the street railways of that city for ten months of the present fiscal year have already passed the million dollar mark.' By the terms of the franchise under which the Toronto street railway plant is operated the company was required to pay into the city treasury 10 per cent of these earnings. The city treas urer has therefore received a check for 12,721, which is the municipal share of the earnings for July. The increase of the earnings and per centages for four years is shown by the following figures for July; '"' Gross receipts." Percentage. July, 1899. .1117,688 80 , 112,721 03 July, 18E8 ,. 103,670 00 8,21B 6J July, 1807 ., 106,750 60 , ; 8,540 00 July, 1880 87.701 87 , - 7.020 90 Toronto bought her street railroads in 1891 and operated them six months at a profit of $35,000 per month and then sold them for what they cost on the following conditions: Eight hun dred dollars per mile per year to be paid into the city treasury, 8 per cent of the gross receipts np to $1,000,000, 10 per cent np to $1,500,000 of the gross re ceipts, 12 per cent from $1,500,000 to $3,000,030 of the gross receipts, 15 per cent on the receipts np to $3,000,000 and 20 per cent on all receipts over $3. 000,000. After 20 years the city can take back the plant at its actual value. In 1894 the city received $58,000 mileagd rental and $78,000 in percent age cf earnings. In 1895 the city re ceived $60,000 for mileage rental and $78,000 in percentages on its earnings. Up to 1899 the street railroads had paid into the city treasury of Toronto a lit tle over $1,000,000. The experience of Toronto in dealing with .her traction companies furnishes incontrovertible proof of the wisdom of the policy which secures to a munici pality a fair compensation for the nse of the streets based upon a fixed per centage of gross earnings. Chicago Times-Herald. - MUNICIPAL REFORM. Baa Francisco's Mayor Tells of th. Two Vital Needs of the Dy. "What do you think are the most urgent needs today in the line of mu nicipal reform t" I asked of Mayor Phelan. "Direct legislation and municipal ownership of public utilities," replied the mayor, lighting a fresh cigar. - "The advanced thought of the coun try not only considers public ownership and operation of pnblio utilities as de sirable and practicable, but that it is necessary to save our free government By corrupt control quasi public cor porations are able to give expression to their demands through the very forms of law itself. They fix excessive fates and evade their burdens of government They have become superior to the law, They usurp ' the - power of taxation. Now, by public ownership and direct legislation we propose to restore the power to the people. "This work is a great patriotic serv ice, and upon its success depends the perpetuity of American institutions. The people are realizing that they have merely the form of power, whereas the substance has been taken from them, and if there be no means proposed with in the constitution affording them re lief, revolution cannot be averted, and to avert revolution by inaugurating those reforms in time is a duty which shall appeal to the thoughtful and the patriotic. "We are fending forth our young men to fight in foreign lands for their country. Let us Bee to it that they have a country of which they can be proud. Let's think and see things as they are. Do not let us be led astray into making the mistakes of Fourth of July orators who believe that everything is for the best in this best of all possible worlds. Let ns not be led into error by closing our eyes to these facta It is a noble thing to dio for one's country, but it is a nobler thing to help make one's coun try worth dying for. "Charles & Aiken in September Ainslee'a A ProR-resalT. Mayor. Mayor Snow of Oakland. Cal, In a recent message said on the question of municipal ownership of waterworks: The piping of the city and the own ership of a water supply are only possible through an issue of boncla. These bonds, however, will never be a burden if in telligently disposed of. as the funda are required for the plant The income from water rate- will be sufficient to redeem the water bonds as they mature, and also to pay the interest thereon, though these rates be reduced 75 per cent from the present schedule of chargea That is ttfsay. if a supply of water for the city be so provided to the users as to insure the sale of it when piped to the property of the household er, then the ratepayer who is now called upon to pay $4 per month for water will be charged $1 per month for the same service, and the net Income so derived will pay the interest on the water bonds issued and provide also for the annual redemption of one-fortieth. The cost of water pipe has recently ad vanced beyond precedent If npon in vestigation it is c ncluded that this cost may soon be -lowered, then common business prudence suggests that the in vestigation of the water supply of the county go on as yon have commenced for 12 months if necessary. V7EGIVEANYLADY or man, who will take orders for eur Leghorn Hen Food, in their own town, A SOUP BOLD WATCH, FREE We make this offer for a short time, in order to get our Food into more general use. It increases yield of eggs, and keeps fowl in good health. Send us 50c. for a regular 1.00 size box, and begin to take orders at once. j ; Pamphlet, with more informattoa about hem, sent on receipt ol self -add rested, tumped envelops. Address Leghorn Food Cc,( 183 B.)Botoo.Majs. RIGGS The DENTIST, PAINLESS EXTRACTION 141 So.12th St Lincoln, Neb. Gold Alloy Filling. ..... $1.00 Gold Filling.. $1.00 and up Gold Crowns... .$5.00 and up Set Teeth.............. $500 Best Teeth .....$8.oo RIGGS, The Dentist; 141 So. 12th SC Lincoln, Neb LOOK AT THIS , ' " - . SPECIALS. Me Pyrop of Clet - .......S6c 2fT)cam Powder .. 15e $1 Hoouh' Sareaparilla. ......... 7ft ft WlDof Crdul .., ......7Se II I'li.khanTa Vegetable Componnd.......80e 26e Carter' I .It tie l.iver fills 18c $1 Ayer'e Hair Vigor 75a 75e Horn-lit e'e Gem an 8rrp M 60c DeWitt'e One UizatoCongb ISyrnp....Sfto 11 Malted Milk. - 80a 1 Kemp'a Balaam ...75o (,0c shilob's Consumption Cure....... .SOa 1 PertiDH ,....80e 1 8 S. K fiOc 1 Emulsion Cod Liver oil ..7uo f 1 Keel Iron antf Wine Tonic .75e 2,e GrtitaV Glyoerlne Balve ....14e zfic Gray' Tea 10e tl Miles' Nervine... 75o SI Pain' Celery Compound 76e 91 Kllner'a twamp Boot 76e 86c Can orla 85e $1 fierce' t Favorite Prescription 75c 2:,c Best Toatc ..20c All other $1 Patent Medicines. 80s All Other 60e Patent Medicine.,... 40c All otber 25c Pnteut Medicine .....20o Flue Machine Caxtor Oil. per gallon.. 3Se Fine Machine l.nbrh-ntln Oil, per al...J.rc Pine MacMt.e llluek Ol, 'Me Anti-Fly-Ili p- to kH p iifl flies on cattle and hoi see, per trillion ..$1.00 Lowewt Price Drug Store In Lincoln. Neb. 20 years txperlence in toe Drug Haelness. '1 bat menu something. RIGGS PHARMACY, FDNKb. OPEBA HoUSli, 12th and O 8T8, DR. M. B. KETGHUM. , SPECIALIST. EYE, EAR, NOSE, THROAT, CATARRH. Spectacles Fitted Accurately. , All fees Reasonable, ffice 226 S. 10th St.. Lincoln, Netr. T. A. CAROTHERS ICE E Delivered ts aay pat of tha Oltr. -. TELBPIIONE478 DR. O.C. REYNOLDS. SURGEON. OMilT,18,l,Brr inf.nln Ulk. PhOBM f 65 ft 0O: UMWUIUfIHM leadauarters for Good Lumber a low prices. f. w. "T""NTV'rXT 'th&OSt,UOCOLN, NEB. Hon: ., A chance ; to save some money by dropping me a postal card, asking tor Catalogue and Prices, jood standar'd new Organ $45 and up. ' I.RTHUR BETZ, 212 So. lltiSl Lincoln. Nebraska. n Most. Popular Basort la tha Otj It JULIUS OTTEN'S SALOON. uTne Oaoio." 146 8. tit St.. Lincoln. WebrasU. rta Wlaea, Uaeort and Offers, Hot Lsaek every asatalag rroai litella Sc. tarda? arealaaa oro rn uui tu. n