June 15, 1899 DUchmIoo on Plant Ilreeilln;. V (Condensed from Farmer' Review sten fl ographio report of Illinois Stale Horti II cultural Convention.) s J - Mr. L. H. Read was to deliver aa ad I dress on plant breeding, but not be wlng present the following remarks were made: J. I Hartwell. I think that Illinois Is neglecting this work. Other states are doing much In this line. A plant developed In a certain locality will do better than one that Is brought in from some other state or locality. ' Professor BurrllLIhe difference uBiween plant breeding , ana amuim breeding is that we have no plant ped igree, which we can hare. 1 read not long since a report of lbe Journeying of an Englishman In Virginia In 1833 He said that as he cam west be met good cattle going to the eastern mar Jtet and some of them weighed 600 pounds each. That weant was con ldered good at that lime, but the standard is In great contrast to the standard of the present time. And what has caused the difference? The greater attention that has been paid to beef cattle has mad" the beef ani tnal of the present day an animal of marked contrast with tho animal of fifty years ago. ,An an'mul that has not a pedigree behind him is not . worth much for breeding purposes, Now, when we want to get a pedigree for an apple what shall we do? The history of the apple rus back to the crab. There has been r ) systematic breeding. An apple seedling comes up in Soma fnnna trim or anA w Vnnw nothing of its parentage, yet if it proves good we plant the seeds from f it and over and over and over again we have been disappointed. There have been few attempts to breed any of the tree form of fruits, because it takes so many years to get a few gen eratlons , of tree frultc. In flowers something has been done, notably in Cannas. The Canna Is as far removed from the Canna as we first knew it, as the present apple Is removed from its ancient parent the crab. But the Canna has t e advantage in that you can get a seed every yar. I have no doubt that we shall pay a great deal more attention to this line In the fu ture than we have in the past. I do not doubt that we will tiome to record our plants as we do our animals. Now, grafting and budding have been of great advantage in horticultural work, as they have made it possible for us to preserve what would otherwise have been of short life. But that very fact has prevented us from breeding plants, and without the aid of grafting we should have perhaps made greater ad ' vance than we have. We have entertained the belief that we must get our hardy apples from the north, and It may be that this is a great mis take. We have presumed that the thief necessity was to tarden tbem against com, nut com is n, tne most deadly enemy of fruits. It may be that our better course will be to go aouth and get apples that will stand blight and drouth and heat. We may yet get our best results from Louisiana and Mississippi, . top the WhUi From Farmers' Review: In the fruit Industry the wa te often consumes the profits. An inopportune rain or wind at the time when the fruit Is Just ripening often ruins the hopes and anticipations of a whole year. The failure to use the right kind of a pack age and to make the fruit look its best In it often degrades the quality in the estimation of the buyer from first to second-class with the corresponding reduction of price. The crowded mar ket of Saturday often leaves on band of the grower a few crates of berries which are worthless when the market ripens on the following week. The Insects somehow find tbelr way to the fruit and Just at tbu time when it should ripen we find that it is ruined. Nine cases out of ten of failure in the fruit business comes through loss due to waste. The successful fruit grower must learn early In his career that his products are at all times tender and quickly perishable. He must, so far as be is able, prevent the contact of any agent that destroy or reduces the value of the fruit. This is not some thing that is beyond bis power, By a vigilant warfare against inserts he can greatly Increase the quantity and Im prove the quality of the crop which be is to receive. Cold tnrae afford one of theniost pfaetlrsl means of preventing waate In the fruit crop that we have. Apples' that fall from the tree when almost ripe, and are Jot, are frenieutly ripe enough to be pick ed and placed In rnirt, storage The ft that apples for cold storage houlil bt picked while solid vauU bin Information In those who res Hie that their fruit l dropping Mj while In that state. An l-e auj roM atorase Roue on the fruit farm It of Iniineo. value In preventing the waste u min uter fruit (bat ti me naturally throun't rapid drray, llertlee, -hrriM. !mn, and (arUe fn le k'l l a bumtwr i f 4U, tn a4 l W t t! u autde4 ample oHHutanliy fr Mtng or dUpoiln i.f tUrn. l4t the frm- aJ fruit grttrr N a Mlflnt 1 1 prevent In Mir khImi L a th l Vtr al the limn i'a,u.-M are to p't le In thrlr (Alt f,ilH mtrrUt e.utiiul,?. enu, "Ike t!u? riif u .iiuM f otw;i!!i'ts stunt li " U l VtrtUiue t ! tut . ttttihihU are at t. tlvtatea are J , n I thi, ant Oie PILE CURE FREE IO,OCO Trial Treatment! w w t. rt ki U a4 m m , u m- U H m t e)Meah .A lewwi 4 ! 4 t U !.-, jv-l ft UMt 4 ., M 1 i I' f Hm MlfttCAk tO. a. J ste.iit Headauarters for Good Lumbe at low prices. F. W. BROWN 1 7th&OSt.,LIOCOLN,NEB Airing the Solk , The presence of air in the soli (s as necessary as the presence of moisture, 1 says National Stockman. In plat ex penments just as large yields of corn nave been obtained from uncultivated plats as from cultivated ones, but this does not occur on soils that are close in texture. Such soils exclude the air toe much for best results, when left unstirred. One factor in , the pro ductiveness of black loams is the abun dance of air that penetrates tbem. J leading object of tillage is the admls sion of air to the soil. A close crust n the surface of a corn field checks growth of the plants, and plants re spond to cultivation by rapid Increase In growth when the surface of the ground is made loose enough for the free admission of air. In the summer fallow "once practiced exclusively for wheat in the East, and now iractlcod In portions of the Northwest, the text season's yield was increased by the vlrlng of the soil, which promoted changes in its chemical condition, Concerning the Importance of thorough airing of the soil. I quote the follow log fnfrn Prof, Storerfc work on "A rlculture"s "Every well-tilled field, or better yet, every well-tilled field nro Tided with tile drains, is in some sorf a saltpetre yard. In such a field much of the manure and of the remains of plants, and of the humus in the soil, will readily be converted Into saltpetre; ana ail experience teaches the areat value of this substance considered as a manure. Indeed, when the soil is merely stirred, as with a hoe, or bar row, or cultivator, it must often bap pen tbat the formation of nitrates is promoted, and some part of the slg nibcance of the summer tillage of crops may be fairly attributed to an actual Increase of fertility through changes brought about by the action 01 oxygen on organic matters In the soil. But even if saltpetre be left out of consideration It will still be true that the good effects produced by fr fluent ploughing, harrowing and hoe ing, and by draining also, result not rnorely from an alterMon in the me chanical condition of the soil, but largely from the admission of air and moisture, which not only go to feed the plants directly, but so act uoon various substances in the soil as to fit them to be taken up by plants." Farm aagceetloa. Save moisture by sacrificing or scari fying the crust. Buckwheat has Its uses as a farm erop, and it is a good plan to let sorno other fellow discover what the uses are. Every stagnant pool and water bar rel Is a mosquito hatchery cured by sprinkling with kerosene If drainage is inexpedient. Stretch the wire fences tight and save stock by stiffening the stretches between posts by one of the various lock systems of putting on cross wires. A hay shed or other means for stor ing under cover Is vital to the'man who wants to make clover or alfalfa a profitable bay crop. Tne small' n?ture mar h deentuAd as a relic of i.ern agriculture. But it is economical ef grass, and stock like the changes possible with several pastures on the same farm. If dogs were well fed at home ha would be a bad specimen Indeed which should be habitually found away from home. And if a dog Isu t worth feed ing he Is not worth keeping. It is a part of the business of farm management to stop leaks But some men get so Intent on stopping the leaks they get caught In a "washout" before they know It As you drive along a eountry road observe what a largo part trees plant ed by the hand of man play In the estimate you make of the various homes. Others measure us by the same yardatlck. Nebraska Farmer. Kye, Ileene Bad Wheat. I saw that a subscriber wanted to know whether It was best to plow un der rye, sow to buckwheat and plow It under for wheat, writes C. A. 8., In Michigan Farmer. I will give a little of say experience In plowing under r. fcUb are many, am willing ths should. In (he fall of 1133 1 oe.I ten acres to rye. The peit spring af ter the rye was partly bended out, w plowed It under, fitted the grousd likely, marked It stralsbt both wars. I'lantrd with a band rwrn-ptanter to beat. They looked wall until the reitiiuerired to pod, I tun they mt trt no bark ry day nattl they wet pii'.lcd, I o4 lbe Be)4 In wheat; on amititit of wet weather did aH sow until Ute. l'UHlld that had s Xi 4 4al In U i wit my bating a pour trap, fr that e ut It m, had a ty gl tatrh vf atltt and i MMj i I wui tame ut all rigat l ike end. 14 lbe (ait t If Htsi l a.-re li ri. 1h fallow las June I ow4 H ntlr a lutauter fallow. 4 U. iv 4rM It ate .! 11 '! t wheal, I litlak Ike tamr Mli-wiM se t Im diee.isg Ut a f !:' lag waJer biitfcafceat, JtJ .ut quit tnoHfh tuattare te it et tie wh 014 lt 111, a I atj tl u wiaur; hI It o n t tM st uh I t MMker ike I lit ! uwa of wb4S JIM If we U all rm as Wl4a tt,e4 w i bate l.k 4..t la . ,i.v at tw dry weather ta4 Ut 4 a wet.r. THE NEBRASKA INDEPENDENT. KISSED THE BLARNEY STONE. Or.' Hugliet Diplomatically Keeps His . Flock from liBclulldliig-. "A soft answer turneth away wrath;" addenda, a soft speech removeth hats. When Dr. Matt S. Hughes entered his pulpit In the Independence Avenue Methodist church yesterday morning tho audience presented the usual flower garden appearance due to the many beautiful hats of the female portion. "I want to begin by thanking the la dles," began the doctor, after prayer, "for the very kind manner in which they observed my request in rerd to bead covering last Sabbath." At sev eral points in the audience delicate fin gers could be seen searching deftly about the borders of lovely picture bats for invisible hatpins. "It is a matter of great satisfaction," contin ued the pastor, "to one in my position to find such kind consideration for one another manifest among the members of his congregation," here and there a posey or a plume was seen to nod, in dicating that a disturbance was going on near Its foundation. "It is by these little sacrifices" again from the pul pit "the sweetness of human nature is brought out, and all are made to feel the true neighborly spirit with which we are endowed, Every woman Is made lovable by her own thoughts for the pleasure of others" all over the house there was a quiver among the colors, delicate and bright, as when the first puffs of a rising breeze reach the meadow grass, and the next Instant each sprig of artificial flowers and bow of lace and ribbon seemed to grow momentarily taller and then move for ward and sink out of sight, and a flour ish of soft bands followed, smoothing the stray threads of gold and auburn and brown that followed as though loth to part with the "dreams" In mil linery that had pressed them. Tho women of Dr. Hughes' congregation again sat uncovered before him. Kan sas City Journal. OLD YOUNO WOMEN. Boot of tli Evil 1 In farentat ladaU fence, One of the saddest features of pres ent-day life is the condition of ennui In which even the very young women settle soon after their school days are finished, says the Philadelphia Times. At 18 or 19 they have been everywhere, seen everytr'ng, possesd whatever their desires have prompted, and just when life should be most filled with beautiful promises they are hopelessly strandod on the barren shores of indif ference. The root of this evil Is to be found in paternal indulgence, 'The American father and mother work hard, saving all tbey can, denying themselves luxuries and ofttimes neces series as well, that tbelr daughter may revel in tbat which they havo never taken the time or the moans to enjoy. From her earliest Infancy the girl finds that her lightest wish is to be grati fled if it Is possible, regardless of tho fact that what she desires may not be becoming to her age or to ber condi tlon of life. Tbat she wants It is all that the parents consider, so that when the time comes tbat such gratification would have some significance she is past enjoying It. She has nothing to look forward to, she. Is surfeited, and should she marry, her husband will And this ennui the greatest bar to their domestic happiness. A little more de nial in early youth, plain food, plain frocks, simple pleasures up to the time of her debut, should be the rule, when the delight of new sensations will more than compensate for the doing without tbat which has marked her pathway up to that time. . , MIRACULOUS ESCAPE. rrom the Deadly J'ntnk of the Beoent . MlMourt Turtiado, Leslie's Weekly: The tornado played somo strange pranks and there were many miraculous escapes. A two-year-old child was carried 400 feet from its home, which was destroyed and some of its inmates burl, but the child was not injured. The residence of J. T. Coon 0 eld was picked up and carried over 100 feet and dumped agalnat a hill, though not completely wrecked. Coonfleld and family going with IL All were badly shaken up, but none of them were much injured. The Web ster family of three were carried a greater distance, their cottage waa de stroyed In Its flight, but none of the Inmatea were badly hurt. John Mo Call, holding on to a tree at Ihe verge of the tornado's track, to aave himself from being swept Into Ihe air, caught a 11-year-old boy aa be rame down out Jonn (I,r,r,f.. WM MrpM name wa frw M home. Iwu block awar; the hum waa leveled to the ground, but he waa not hurt. Kdward Ktl(g, lying rial on the ground to e.tap the atorm, W4 plikt4 up, rarried 3 no U arroa houac end lr, dropped Into a pond, wbo water w Kui t'd up )ut a be struck It, and b waa kfi. iwre with mud. tut other U tit sound phytU'al and u'Mtl bp. Alt of Mtat ntir A, K, KW s btm went up la Ik ct'i'i'U siK ta furtlt-ular pot, t wt.Uk UU h"rt, all !atere4 wlia Ru t, wa fon ad 4 after the toret ka l p4 I tew at I "fieMi la 1 1 rta nr fa' before.'' U Ji, t n lhrtuth k' tftie "It. yr bohor, )u ln " fi'"d Ik i"iiubr, am th bifer wi (t ia ouag tlr Mil la yon e . a Ik Hi " ' fit rtu ' tk Jtdi eai. kl.- M4 Hit, IWweeW that Mta tiaae ,Ma4 iHirtag lb '! lew 1 tar H Aur Uaa wiMH kai artit k'uruiieaa LT, "Jl uVs,:. it. ta a. "- ' ' M,"M 91 '' Mkaituuj u the ltvt of au.ut o owev. SCHOOL LANDS, As soon after the first of July as prac ticable I will bold publio anctions tor leaaing about 005,000 acres of school land under the provisions of the now law la the following couuties: Antelope, Ran nr, Blaine, Box Butf, Brown, Chase, Cherry, Cheyenne, Custer, Dawes, Deuel, t'unoy, uartluld. Uruut, Hayes, llitcucock.llolfc, llooker, Keltli, Keys 1'ahn. Kimball. Knox. Lincoln. I. nun 11. foup, McPbernOD, Pierce. Porkins, Hock, Sootts' Bluff, Hheridan, Sioux, Thomas ana wnmtier. Under the new law, if these luoue win not loaae at the publio auction at 0 percent upon tbelr appraised val. up. they may be leaned to the person untiring u per cent upon the highest val untian. These lands are In tbe best stock grow. Ing portions of tbe stato, where cattle, eheepand horses can be produced at lens expenso, and therefore at at greater jtrour, tuau anywhere 1 know of; and yet surrounded with as good and intelligent a class of citizens as are anywhere to be found, J lie harvest truly is great and lasts almost the year round, and no more Inviting nl! for the intelligent stock man aixj farmer can w found; and now, that tbore is an opportunity to se cure 25 year lease contracts thereon at what tbe lands are worth, tbe lesiice hi ni sei I being the Judge, it is confidently ex pected that all. or nearly all of tliwo lands will be leased durfnfrtbonrosent year at the publio auctions above men- tioneu. Any one desiring to attend any of these leasing auctions will be no- unea 01 tne time and place of holding tbe same as soon as it has boon arromnid 11 they will write me at once, giving tbe names of tbe oonntuw In which they are interested, and will also be furnished a list of the lands to be loosed, so tbat tbey may visit tbe counties in advance of t bo leasing auction and examine the lands which will be offered. Notice of tbe auction will be duly sir. en in tbe local papers. Bend stamp for a copy of the new school land law under w nlcb tbe lands will be offered. A ny fur tber Information will be cheerfully fur ulsbfld. J. V. WOLFE. Com, of Pub. Lands ft Bldgs. Lincoln, Neb., May 18, 181)0. OOOOOOOOOOOO ABIC CUT III BICYCLES SIDLES CYCLE CO. The Celebrated iJQQ $50 Victors at .7 $33 98 v u on UAf4 ill .11 I 1A '99 ....$25 AETNAS Tbiae Wbaele are folly anarsnieed aud will be nt c. O I), to any nleoe . la tbeeut when f l l ent wlib tbe Order to trnamuti-e the ei pttu cbar Se. Send lor Catslufcne. , 110119 Korth 13m Street, LINCOLN, NEB 000000000000 BEE KEEPER'S SUPPLIES. We want every bee keeps. u send lor our 1H09 Cata logue. TREdTEU 8DP- t'LV ui , loa a 11th St, Lincoln, Neb, rvock Egfs.SlforU ATTENTION, FARMERS! Do yoa deelre to aeeare baadred ot jbdI eopwe oi Mnmiwrw fuaniaie, netrMiaee, eeire- peperi, book. eUlo-oe aad eireeUr ol tbe latMl Ir m Droved term latDlene! mad bimIiIa. err. na ue cepi poeieo on im proved UKk lor two tn or morel If eo, aeed jroar m wits wa mil la Hirer aod we wiu Inert tbe feme la the Amerle Former Directory, wbleh iim wblrlloa all over tbe Uilud State to pabllebaro, narehaau aid maaatoetarae. To will set more good reodlof notler the yea eoald parebaee tor aioay timet tbe taali eoet of tea !. We wat erery lermer'i la tbe U ailed SUtee la ear blraetoir oe. Addf raauEHH dirimtoiwoj tot'l US, Dlalacie. aJa A chance to I4VC ttJinc money ly tlroppiiti; inc a postal rani, aikinw lor CataU'ijuo and IV icea (iool standard new Organ $U and uj. ARTHUR EET7. 212 So. 1 1th St Lincoln. Kibfiska. T. A. CAROTHERS ltt4 la Ml tk H. Hi WE. Vocro tko Largest Wool OommasM Houmm hi thm Wmmt. 'i m if l'i" W have tho mmt exleiwlve $ I1' V belt fax'llltloa for handling and showing atwkiof wool Tim manufacturer amklug a qiiiintlty of wool for any pui-pooe. cornea to u beoauae he knows wo eau supply him any grade ot woU In ' any quantity he may dtwlre. . . .... Me Aartafte 18,000,000 Ibm. mi Wlpmp Xu, and never peddle a pound of It on tho itrnet W need not seek buyers; 0 THE BUYEKM OOME TO U9. All these tiling are to the advantage of people who coneign wool to us. ' aMfrwral Atvmmomm em Oonmlnmonlm, and charge at the low rate of S per omit, per annum on same. Wa I iirnluli ww'ka and tewing twine frw to nil who eoiinlKO to ua. We mail you FKKB, OUK CIHOJUK LKTTI-H, whinli keep you fully in formed on the wool situation, Let u know where you are and what JTOU IIBTW. aLcsiziAN cnoTiisns, ia9.ia4.1tB.1StO MIoMgmn&t. ONIOAOO, ILL. 7 GET A SILK DRESS FREE! Tb old rellnlile publlahvr of the wll known and hlirhly Iniercetlna Konillr Mauailne, to ad vertleelt. are oorlu HAkllMIMK ttl.K lilt KSHKM- toll 10 to I ft yard, Tble offorle opB to ny riialil mmnu who will eand lor It at nttee and promlM) to ebow It wltb the paper. II yoa wlab to take advautBK ol above ellk (r offer, yoa inc flrat 'nil is wiifa illrur or poelaae tain pa to pay lor handling aud poatngeoa tbe paper we od lb roe nioatb oa trial, aud you will receive It by ml am mall, Mr. 1'hoebe Nab, Wllllamatowa. wrllra: Jtrnt iwrxlvnd Ihe blai.k allk drna-ti rardi-von ent me, Tbe quality la innKnlHeenr, and 1 thank Mr. Kliia llrown. New Haven. Conn., wrlleai dree arrived. 1 have ebown It to a dome neighbor. Tbiy all lu tend wading lor one, It I eer talnlv bauUful, and 1 will do all I onn lor your paper, We can ibow tirool ol ihouaande ol dreaa kIvb away to tbon wbo bave answered oar ad yertletinenU. All dreaaea aeut promptly, Addreaei HOUSEHOLD JOURNAL PUBLISHING Where Pans Green, lb .,,,,,,,,,,, 25c London Purple, lb, . ,. 20c Strychnine, 25c a bottle Blue Vitrol, lb. ... 10c Garden and flower seeds, White Lead, S. P $6.00 per cwt. Pure boiled Linseed Oil, 50c a gallon. Varnish es; all kinds of lubricating oils. Golden Machine, per gallon. V. . . . . ... . . ; . . .25c Red Harvester, 40c gal. Castor Machine , . .35c Cylinder Oil per gal. 50c l? ovs rue Store Corner lOtlb. THE RACY OLE Gaininor in Dooularitv everv dav the record oroves it. The increase in sales of the Kacycle is simply phenomenal. The reason is because the Racycle is so far ahead of all other wheels in exclusive and patented features that 'it stands in a class by itself. In tne Kacycle the chain and sprocket pull between the bearings, making it run easier, and with 27 per cent less pressure on sprocket bearing, ana doing away with side draft. Come, in and let us show you the greatest improvement ever made on a wheel. , Fully guaranteed. Wheels sold on easy payments. Ladies' wheels sold by us repaired free of charge during the season. Larg est exclusive cycle house in Lincoln. First class repair shop and full line of sundries. Second-hand Wheels, $5 up to $20. B New and pleas yony old rolled pa l. HI I ' ' - i j oioet Den at retaU WESTERN GLASS it PAINT CO.. 324 South 12th, Lincoln, Job"foora. the iiei'j mm noun DILLS Ritnated at Ninth aad V streets are now ready (or baelnaee. We give la eiehaafe lor good CO lb. wheat 82 pounJa of lanej flour guarautewJ, and 10 Ihe of braa. Try a ack ol "Honest Abe" Flour. Warranted to equal the best. All first-class grocers keep it. C. SEELEY 5S SOKT. llijliliiL!)lili Ulilill: MlttMtMMMteH alej .r?Tln mmm Los Angoloo and Roturn. 052. t TUkrti in sale Juno turn limit Sqtem)rtr 4. 1). I"ll Inlomuilon. at la ftldc trin, drivtn, routrt, ato t . t . I I I t . . . uctcriMive 01 vpi uornu u CiiyTkiftom Censr Oil sil 1 Sts, TtWllaitlJS. and twat llirhtiwl Lif l Wa have thA w you a tbouiand tiiima over, "I anarcelv belli vd it. link ill ni....l.. allb CO., Lock Box 478, Philadelphia, Pi. and. IP Strooto GIRARD CYCLE CO., UJ0 O Street, Lincoln, Nebratka, E GOOD TO YOUTt IIO.'.E. CUY A Lincoln Steci Rare dear wife and faroilr, Warraated tis c stove made. We oat tbe very beat teat leveled steel, and line erery Rax? with asbestos and steel, wbie makes it inposeitie ta set Ire to voir floor. Tbey are handsome, atTerUre, p-to-date la patters and design, toll nletel t;.mmd, wiu Dora an aina 01 laei. wui last ute tlme. Made on honor, sold on saerlt. Talc la why we call them the "bebt on um.m If your dealer does not handle them ha roakes a great mietake. Write to as aad we will provide m wej for yoo to boy one at reasonable price. BucktUff Bros. Mfg. Co LINCOLN, NEB. HAKEE3 Patronise horn Induatry made m Nebras ka. We refer 700 to Bute Officers, Baaks and Ezpreas Companies ot Lineoia, aad thousands tulns; our Baages. Speeial at taotloD civea Hotel aad R-wtaBrant OatSaa 15th tti July Sth, tStg, Ue - ovcrt, etc., aHti booklet It ... ! . .. i hmi opiicainn, Isrliiites Ntt. !llSia..Nlttiirta. Tirtiioie II, TMII41IK)NIJ 4T itefttfftfttftttftttttttttftfttttftiimi