THE NEBRASKA INDEPENDENT.
April 14, 1898
niMHi
Udtlof"THE WEALTH MAKERS " ni
"LHOOLi I5DEFEBDEMT."
FUBL15HID EVB RV THURSDAY BY
Cl? 3n6penbcnt publishing (Co.,
110 M aTKEKT,
lINOOlN, NaAKA
TlLIPHONI. B38.
11,00 FEB YEAR IN ADVANCE
A4drl all eoBHBlft-loa to, and nink all
trait. aionf or!r, t., pajratd to
THK UKI-KKUENT t'UII. CO,,
LINCOLN, NKn
The people of tho United State
don't need ft dictator at jireenf, either
in liome affair or foreign relation,
Bevernl jiajicr have "eiidorwd"
J'rfHldfiit MeKInley', Cuban polky.
Wo lielleva it would troiiblo tliem
greatly it they were naked to k-11 what
tlie jaiHey in.
New tome from 'J'opeka that Gov
ernor heexly, ImvJnff found it liujxi!
hie to get pledge for hi railroad bill
from a majority of tho member of
tho legliature, ha abandoned all idea
of an extra elon,
Tiiigreo ha incurred the eternal en
Tho railroad in that nttite, promptly
eoneel tiio iuie of evey editor wiio
any a word in jral of tho governor
or who print anything1 he uy. That
In an nxerllent way for tlioao fellowi
to dhow their devotion to tho jiriiu'l
pie of a free pre.
Let emigre take up and pii the
Postal tinvintfN bank bill while it Ik
waiting for Meh'inley to make up bin
mind. Wlicther it lit peaee or war
the bill ia important for tha eoimtry,
Tho jMioj)lo are not afraid to truat the
government with their money, what
ever the fellow in Wall atreeet may
aay.
The World-Herald ban done a noble
work in taking np and presenting the
need of Cuban relief from thi Mate
and Nebraska ha dono nobly in re
upoiiHe. The train of twenty-two card
which utarted laat we:k for the atarv
ing people of Cuba carried with it a
great deal more than it money value
from thin gtate. With it goc the
hope and prnyere of a million people
aud the heart of 200,000 men willing
to fight if cnlliid upon for the free,
doin of Cuba.
HI till ANMTKKKH.
April 22nd in Arlwr Day. Arbor Pny
la a Nebraaka liiMtltution and worthy
of honor in the land of ita birth. The
npirit thnt animate Arbor Day has
covered a Nebraska prairie 300 mile
long and 200 wide with beautiful
grove.
Along with the grove emtio the
bird. It Ih within the memory of
many aettler of Nebraska when in all
th vant region from Lincoln went a
robin wu u rare an a miowy owl. To
day robiiiK and .thrushes are a com
mon in that region um hiiow bird in
winter. A many a twenty-three role
iu have Imcii counted nt one time
upon the Ma to house grouiulH at I.in
I'oln. Tho early act tier made the
grove, the grove Hindis home fi.r the
bird and the bird are with us.
It i highly appropriate; that the
aehool of Nebrahka should 1I0 aoine
thing to teach tlx; children of the
Mtate the value of trer and bird and
the beauty and honor of curiiiir for
both. In the npirit of doiii tliin the
at ate ku j M-ri ut 1" nilc ri t 'h olllee him just
issued a pamphlet program of school
exercise to lie held on Arbor Hay.
Two beautifully colored pleturcH of
two of Nebraska' ln-st bird - t he pa
aeiiKcr pigeon nml the Auierii'nii tiail
adorn the covers of the little book.
Among the many i:ood thine, in thin
little iHMik for tin' children nee- some
Worthy of Attention by nil who mine
Ni-liitiiUit n a home. For im-tance the
following from lrf . I at relief I'm
ncr, stale t'litoiiiolor, it, who ha jul
returned from a jrur'n woik (Ik l ' tr
tletliiitw lnet In the Argentine
Republic:
Three foul th of the I.hI of luid
cmiklit of tiimet t, upin e.u'li blol
In Nrbrnaka to ettl (wentv -lie Inm-vt
per day, It would t.Atf l,HT5,ifc n to
for a 1 1 day' ration for miunnr
Miould the work of the 1-luU U
ktopprd, in aUml Wvh )rr ltm
Won 1. 1 riiotili liiMi U lo (f t thr
whole Ute, one to kturn nh 01 r
whole trrtttory.
Th I'lOUd Htiitr A.Mit-eMirl lS
artiiittit l imIiiiiT oot loud wani
lug tfltt Ih ('il!iurf tlot rut lion
t 14 rd wlU It lorn Wvn follow l by
an rttonnou Iiicitm of iiixnt pct
rrulliiK tit l ia fruit td fla
fktitoatvd at U l JoV liollUu. ( dob
U' yvaily.
hktio furthf l.r h of tit
kiidMtM'l bd tl ftleii.U of Ih
(rtntr lnf, Uwr
Vrk 'tar Wrd that fi
itwHt Ik Utu fcifHer tW for
lb iU It Ml thH d tb iull
Utlio tibmit h K.jrw, Mt
Mid rati, wUl iMtHt l lW
(lkr and lutW darinf IH irir
Mtrt of tl )rr, tkU Wfd m tdy
air U't vuimWi f Ih alr
dally during the summer month,
when they are "abroad in the land,"
but all winter through it wretches
amonir the fallen leave and other rub-
bluh that aeeumulatca alwut it
haunt aex-klnir for hibeniatlng in
sect of variou kind. Being a timid
little Creature, the quail neldom leave
cover to feed openly in the field, and
therefore doe but little actuul harm
In the way of dentroying grain. In
fact it only take tray kernel that
otherwise might be Jot.
Jt i uIho one of tlie few bird that
feed upon that unnavory 1nect, the
chinch-bug and the numlmr of thi
pent that iH:eaionalIy fall it prey 1
really natonlahlng. A irigle ehinch-
l.m I a mali thlmr, tlll 1 have wen
a uuiiir atomach filled with them
innri- than five, hundred at leant cal
culation having been Kucriflced for a
lngle local of the bird examined.
So fanner or fruit grower ahould
ever kill a quail hiuiHolf, nor ahould he
allow any one cl to hunt them on hi
pi'emlne.
The farmer of Nebrakn ought to
Htand by their friend a well a op
jioho tlo-ir cnemicN, We are glad that
lu an increasing number of hwial com
iniiniticM throuLfhout tho tat the
fanner ur joining in local bird pro
tective UHHOelatioiiM by giving notice
that no hunter will be allowed on
their prciniwM. A hot gun i a very
poor farm imjdeineut anyhow and
with the diMnpjieaniiicc- of the. groins
from moat of the countie of Nebraka
fouie all t he more need for prcerving
the quail, jilover, meadow lark and
other bird which have too often been
a mark for the KiiortMinau'tf aim.
MONKV I OH H AH.
VVahhigton dlxpatcbc represent
tho prcaldcut in Conference with John
A. MeCnll, preident o flhe New York
Life JiiMiiruuce couqainy, upon the
qucHtion of getting money to carry on
vviir in eiiMi: one fchould be declarel.
Tho diapatehe give up tho furtiier
valuable: inforuiution that Mr, MeCnll
represented to tlie, preident hi Ixdlef
that within forty-eight hour he could
I'uImc among the ilnaiicial inlitutioii
of Sew York alone $:00,000,000, which
the government could have njion It
own term, and that If a popular ub-
crlption were calleil for, 500,000,000
could be obtained ill a few day.
"I'jkui it own term" in thi cawi
I a phruMO ii captivating a the cloth
ing merchant' advertisement "good
ut your own price" and about a ac-
e urate.
Tlie qucKtion that aric in the mind
of the progrcwdve atudent of the mon
ey qiication i what good rcaaon there
wu for the prt'Midciit of the L'niU'd
.State asking the preidcnt of a life
limurnnce couiMiy for money to car
ry on a war with anyhow. A much
greater a the United Htatc i greater
than the New York Life o much (and
more) i the financial ability of tlie
United Stale government superior to
that of tlie inmirnuce, company. The
iiiHiiruiico enmpuuy ha no comditii
tional power to "coin money and reg
ulate the value thereof." Tho I'nilcd
StateH gncruinciit Iiuh both. It ha
more. It Iiuh the unbounded couti
dence mid hue of seventy million
of people, poKHchMiug more thuu sev
enty billioiiK of property. It ha jet
more than this. It bys over nixty mil
lion of Kilter bullion in its i.nll,
not n-jirem'nted by any silver certi-lieutt-H
ttllouU It bus htill more than
nil tlicwc. It llUM rightN llililer the Coii
stitntiipii 11 n I deeihioiiH of the Miprciue
court to iMKiie full legal lender pnper
enrreiiey which hccnty million peo
ple ntlind Ciller lo take for the iiiciiiik
they will fiii-iiir.lt of carrying on the
tun
Now, 111 the fuee of nil thexe admit
teil f.ietH, wlnit m-iimc in there in run-
sullinn the prehideiil of the New Yorlt
I ife or mis other iiiHiininee or triot
complins rerqiectinir funds for lafl'V
tin on ,m puppet lis war'.' it it be-
i iiiim' mi iNlie of ImmhU ix to In- one of
the tn.t war iiieiiMireit pioMiM'd.'
Thi U the iiii'tion tlnil I in the
nnli.U ol tn;ih million i.f 111. ni 1111s.
Il it opci'hllh the iiciMioli in the
uc--tii ii rliiteti w hom Hpul.Uiou Is
n.,liiil. Iheuioht iulcliM'lv lnlei.li.l
ill free ii Ut of any Mt 1 1 of the eoun
t, "1 t,-e people- btite jiot contribut
ed tiun liilfeli tif their ineitim thuu
tut itir M-itioii for the relof of
He be I .leoi ople now Uiut.' fl.tltril
l' pi.iilsll t rui li t , I lo t life ttllltug
to 1 oot rloute tiiotlt motif Ut mailt the
t id. ,ti,. free. I'.ut they re not wdllet,'
liiMti it tmtiib d di lit pbtt ftl tlpolt llieir
).tiuil iitii)tw 'H'i a tm
I li.ler pit M il t KalllitliMi It I limit1
uii'o-.ai t than oif thttt nil iom vth.i
U t,t 11 Itittt thi) tiiiiii( of ImtiirV I
t'ni 1 oho nt f mil lion khonld iud
toiftther. Whtn the pijd aiw fttt-
rd it lid tint pllll of tltlloin run
lilli, thru U Ih Itllllt tint I I ! I'll If
o 1 0 f of Ih luout-y I'mlilu r I liroutclil
H.l. 1 tiot, h t'ulitiH initiation will
ffonl a upWadld 1 j poHuiiiiy for Ih
adtiH ntr tf lit ifokt Uiidtiid to t
tN thvtr tttt in Ih t'o'iali y and
HirV wf. Dot i ltw la tlut'imlnt
it, t'tdrtdif bu.li,
'(r, l'iU Jidiitwn, piiluiil.rr of Ih
Wttloot S w It w lb tty IhU
tttwrt. Mr. JoliiiMiit I iiltiiitf out an
iillal l"r toil I liliif wd tl
witnl stttuMj.
THE PUESIDENl-S MESSAGE.
greH and the American peop.e have
For three week the American con-
waited with throbbing heart and batr
ed breath from an olllcial meaaage
from the preaident of the United Stat
ea and, the commander-in-chief of her
armle and navies which should pre
ent a program for action for tiie re
lief of the people of Cuba. This paper
ha been dlwpoed to stand by the pres
ident in taking plenty of time, in ex-
haiiKting every resource for the avoid
unco of war, in affording opportunity
for soU-r second thought and reiiec
tlou by our own pcopla and for send
Ing the liieuii of life Ut the suffering
in Cuba, and preparing tlie mean of
war by our own nation, A man charg
ed with jeMpoiiMibllity of war or pence
between two nation ought not to act
huhtily and we believe the great bxly
of populiaf in this state have been
dijioHfd cordially to support the pie
Idcnt in hi trying position and to sus
tain hi deliberation in the caxo.
J)'ow, finally, the word of the presi
dent ha gone, to the j-ople. It must
be approved or rejected at once, There
liu been enough deliberation, Tlie
time for action i here and we be.icve
I he American people, through their
reprewntative, should instantly re
ject the president's program,
I u the first place President McKIn
Icy iihkit too much when he request
congress to grant him pov er to settle
the hostilities between Spain. and Cu
ba and to "secure the establishment of
a stable government capable of main
taining order and observing it inter
national obligations" in Cuba. There
in no occiihiou for vesting such power
in one man. .No such authority was
asked for or granted to 1'rcsldcnt Lin
coln when the civil war broke out.
There is no occusion for granting it
now,
lu the second place President Mc
kinley presents a plan that is either
supremely rcdiculous or is damnable
lie favors armed intervention to slop
the war, but refusal on our part to
recognize the Cuban insurgent govern
ment.
Let fhe plain common sense of Am
erica solve this enigma of intervention
without indcis'iidence us Isst it can.
The president gives no hint of hi in
tention. If the Tinted Slate Inter
vene in Cuba it must result either in
helping the Cuban insuigsnt esteb'
lish their own government or in the
establishmciC of some other govern
ment. If we intend the former result
why not recognize the struggling pa
triots at the start? if we intend the
latter let the president tell the peo
ple plainly when and how we shall
stablish a Is-tter government in COba
fhnii the one he ihs- not want Ut ret'.-
, M t X -A. fit'. J..
ognlze. JI we intervene ni an ii in 10
Kt-t the Cuban free. I'.ut why not Join
hand with the government which ha
Im-cii wt up by Cuban who are fight
ing to be free?
President McKinley has given us no
answer to these questions. The only
answer that can be thought of Im the
one that relates to the payment of
(he Spauihh war debt for which the
rcteiiucx of Cuba lire pledircil. It is
hard to believe that the highest coiili-
iU of thin nation are lu-intf swayed by
coiihidciationH of that kind from full
leeoenilion of the M ruckling Cubans
in arms for freedom. I'.ut io far no
other iviikiiii that wil I bear a mo
ment's inspection has been suggested.
Suppose I ranee had said in liu wlicn
the eapitol of the colonies and their
hief eitich were in the hands of Itrit
li troois that she would iuteiti-lie
lo Mop the war, but would not recog
nize the patriot c,o eminent , ottering
the same cm-iucs for not doing so now
iTi-ied lo President Melviiilcy,
hinting us he imu does iiliont the "es
lalili' liiiienl of a stable I'ovennnent,"
We are forced to the conclusion that
blliind tills proposition of Illtcl'tCU-
tion without 11 ; n 1 ion of ud.-cu-ili
nee bil l,'- - nine mii-O i lea-oil Mint :
will not bear I In- b(-lit of ihi . e be.
lirtc lluil 1 oii.: 1 it..i tlmuld in 1 for the
piitiiohi' iu.iit ol I he 11, it., hi and tie
liiln-ie that he, ill i spt .o.ill i lull ill
the tti-t Ulit. for I lull illd'-peil
ib-iii c and for no iiiti iilmu unlisn
It ii to secure thai independence,
I list
'. l ll
IIUMt
Iful nl
I to 1.
lo. On t Ii
It I- e
lien) .!
id. a
1
Ii
I , It ill I Oil II I 1,1 I In I HO
III i t I I. I lil t I il IM I .il
Mill I lo
nod III ,U put t , Id I' S'uil II,
In, I to I hell itliiio-t .. n h I tin 111 1 11 In. Iil
li t 1 1,1- I .K.I itil to ll tin. It I"
hlitlUlt to tl..e I-IUIih,,! With till' Hi. I It
ill lite llli.lllit VIH I II illlill llllll
imH' h.iol lil". m In en done Ihele
II. r ,iio litilit- iiii'I.IIk lliin in Hie
ptei isliHj loin 1 1 1. 1 I lo t I. it. holt
llll Hid 1 on 4 it III lotlal t il,l,lll,l I I
fit It'ssl lultt In le the pifli'
11.0I0 ) lull it the iople'i liimtiil
I t anU
"I hit rvlitaul of Jmti'i' I'oWt ll of Mm
IKoiU roiiiilt tlltiUI iHitivl In ittit
.tiu1 hrr IrUl lit tint siol S'ilut l'l'-It-)'
Uiii.l.iitnt t in 1 to 4 1 1 1 ru.U the
In.) of M'fotri liitf frtott Ibtlit. t in-It
r ktlll t.i hit nit lu rtisnt-r tl ttf
IliU t'loiii t iiae Hg.iliot lit tsiiuUiiti 11
for tisittry't IUI term, Ik otlii
! lit SMoi, lUitk of tlnoth.
front width lUttlry dtvw ll lt ) ,
Mttml I t the In of tht n,ii
wniisnl. 'ihtrw U Hit iboihl a rmiii.
for at lUnt kIiii the l-ik hit It vvih
tninly hml reason to know that Hart
ley was using the state funds for his
own purposes, i'.ut the prospect of re
covering judgment against any one for
Hurt ley's stealing after the verdict in
the last trial is not hopeful.
Tlie money stolen be Hartley and
Moore inmost money. The only way it
will le. recovered, in all human proba
bility, I by recovering it from the
pocket of tiie taxpayer of the state
NKHUASKA'M SOU IIOt'HK,
Tlie .Nebraska state commission ha
very sensibly acted upon the sugges
tion of this paper and appropriated
r00 for the. erection of a typical .Ne
braska sod house upon tho Trans-.Mis
sinsippi grounds nt Omaha The erec
tion of fhe building has been intrusted
to Mrs, L. Ilowscr of .Norfolk, who will
look after the erection of this typical
illustration of curly life in Nebraska
and will fake up her iiImmIo lu the
strucfiire for the term of I,., exposi
tion, Mrs, Dowser speaks with pride of
the ten year of her curly Nebraska
life which was spent in a sod housi
nnd she snys that all the details of
household economic of the early days
will be faithfully portrayed. The sod
from which (tie house will be con
strucfed will be brought from Kock
counfy. The, building wjll be located
on Ine bluff tract a short distance
southeast of the Ncbrnska building.
'I he Independent congraf ululcs the
Nebraska commission upon the pros
pect of having .... representative of
our pioneer days from the far north
western purl of the stale, where fhe
pioneer days are still close enough Iji
be in touch with fhe present. Hail lo
Nebraska's John the I in pi 1st the
frontier soil house! And three times
linil to the men and women who have
built her wiills and made their homes,
Til K OOVUCNOIt 111 1,1 SM.
Many will regret to lenrn that (lover
nor lloleoiub lot decided Unit bo will
not accept a nomination for u third term,
After dun deliberation he ha given it let
ter to th pres hi which ha declare Hint
Im will retire to private life at the close
of the preeiit term. It i another evi
dence of hi devotion to the principle ol
tlm populist parly which hit always de
clared iigaiimt tha third term', JUaekn
the party to cling to it custom aud
make no exception in hica.
During his four year ndmiiiitratloii
Governor Holconib has ftccoinplihcd
much more than could be told in a vol
ume. Ho liu the admiration and confi
dence of hi friend, utid hi political op
ponent have long ago learned to fear
him, It I hut natural that the populist
party should idealiz such a lender. The
governor need have no four for the fu
ture. Tho popuiist party will pre him
into service again. At a later day he
will receive the reward he merit.
The govern ,r ho acted wlely in an
nouncing hi determiuation at an early
date. It will give the party an oppor
tunity, which it will improve, to consider
well the selection of his successor. There
will be many candidates for the place,
many worthy candidates, butcurcshould
bu used in the selection. The populist
party is now in control of thi sfute. It
will undoubtedly rcniuiu in control for
Nome time, dcpwidiiig upon tho iiiiiiiiu r
in which it conducts the state's business.
With Its power comes its responsibility .
Every member of the party should be on
guard to see that none but worthy men
am trusted with responsible positions.
It wa particularly fortunate in nom
inating and electing fiovernor Hoi-
comb when it did. A iiinii with less abil-
itd or less dcteriiiinnt ion would have
been Ulicipiul to the conies', thai was
waged by republican ollicuils during his
first iidiumistnition. Well versed in the
law and feiirless in his deu ruiitiittioii he
Hindu 11 record lor t lie populist pat t y that
him given il strength 111 nil the 1'nited
Stales mi l w ill insure its sui-rcns in I his
stitte for mull v tears, litre should be
taken to llml a man with the ability to
take up the wink where he has li ft il mul
continue it ill the interest ol the people.
A Mjriui II red Story,
1 reiiii lulu r t tug an ill mini, a
int nils r if nil i.rtli.sli.x ilnuh, nittinu
in bl oilieii mid counting over hi
nimn y, 1 can i i the carom hi) k.iyo hi
copper, mlvi r mid gold. Ami linn he
bad some lulls, mid 1 ub-mil hi in a he
tnlli d tin 1 1 slid mouthed nut the vvtln
led ll llll ra. When liH W lllltilh
wait bU ih votli ins sn eld (itriutr cam
lit lo Untie it I tiil 1 ay im ui 111 m uu rt
lfi hi a r,ot terry farm i f 40 ioik,
win tu he Wa tit llitf lo litis II mud
Ih l.il J ityinrui bo k 1114 I ci til, itud the
old, while h.iln l 1 Ivdlti r ll'l t hllnlUll
Mid lo llllll, "YlU llllltf lU lh cell I
leln.ilii.w, tin, I 1 will ltd lit m Ih tin II
fc'i'. " 1 w.iiuly u yerti eld wlitiu 1
bettrd liil, tml II in.! n tmi ri'b u
lilt tloit 1 f tnlliel Iron. I vtml lu iim
and lulil my f.tiln r i f II, and Ii 4ld,
"W htliil itl Hutu dl, tut 1411 ttilid
liUt'WM Inn. ml " Ami lot iltnl Imtlf
flt and mt lsilitrhal ltiiuti4 I rnk
in a a tdt
t 1riMt Mnvvwutst.
Th Ii u.h in V 1 ( t 111 l iei niVUlfSl
In lr til f and Uigir n ip ist n iimii
toniteut i i utt 1 mioi e. A
nrillu la Ih J iiiml t 1 1 i.iict,
IUU 1 tsAuitaii, mt 1 1 tti tiutt t iUr iter
ill la lti I ioi -I nut. 1 toy joint!
,tMt t 111 to t ami l.nl aim uul
itii la 1 1. il I, in mi, w htih U tqual
la IUi I HmU ill i t tn t hl-
k'U vlilii lurtl4 itt Ih Vmud
IUIM Im l"inl.
Il pa; In r4 U atof.
L
Congress Notified of the Conditions
in Cuba.
THOROUGH REVIEW OF FACTS,
Jtecniilf tun ut tha l'ranant Oovarnment
At Cub U OpiHMtiil Main IUiMtr
SIiiiwd Tliai Hiiitlu C'u Mot I'rutect
KautritU lu Cubsu Watan.
Washington, April 11. The president
today sent a message to the congress of
the Unltsd Htate, substantially a fol
low:
"Thu present revolution I but the sue
cesmir of other similar Inmirrisctlons which
hsvii oceurreil in I'.ubn. hshIiisI tho 1I0-
luliilun ut Hjln, extenilliiK over a period
of iiiurly hair a cwntury, each of which
iJuMliK It irogresM, Iiuh sul.Jeeled ihr
t-nltud Htsles tu sn-at effort ftnil expense
la enforcing- II nsiurallty Iuwk, euuned
i-noriiiou Ionmi'm to tho American liuilo
Mini comnierce, caiiMeil IrrKiillon, annoy
ance, anil illsturhiinc imions our i-IH.i iim,
ami hy tha exsn-lMu of cruel, Imrlmroiin
um) uie-lvlllzeil iiraetlee of warfare,
MhoeSeil tho selislhlillles suU offemleil the
himiiino Hyinpitlhlu tif our ticonl
"We have found ourselves constrained.
In Ilio obrvti; of Unit strict neutral
ity which our law enjoin aud which tho
law nt nations comiruoi'lw, to pulleo our
own water and wulcii our own niort
in preveiillod of any unlawTiil set In uld
of the Cuhuii. Our trade has suffnieil,
tha ciipiiai tuvcMti'd hy oar clllisi'ii In
C'uha ha hceri Urtr'-ly lost, und the tern
per und forlicurancB ot our neoplo Iniv
neen so sorely Irleil us to heicvt a lierllou
unresi umona our own eltl.ens.
"In April, IN'HI, the t-vlls from which our
country iirr.ici! iiiioukIi iliu Cuhuii war
heeanui so onerous that my preilm-i'SHor
iiiinnt sn effort lo hrlns ahont a peaefi
IhrouKh the niedlutl111 of this sovcruim-iit
m any wsy Unit nilsht. lend lo sn lion
oratiio ttdjiistmenl of the contest he
tween Hpnin und her revolted colony, on
111 Ousts of Home effecllvii scheme of self
KQVermiieiit fv iU)m under tha Ihig und
overelKiily of (uln, ll fulled, through
um refusal of Hie HiimiiIsIi soveriiiiient
llieti III power to consider any form of
nieiiiitiion, or Indeed tiny plan of se.
liu-lit which did not Iwulu with the aetu
ul siihmlssloii of the Imuiiuenls to tho
mot tier country, a ml then only on such
lerm us wjutiii neraeir nilshl see fit to
grunt, 1 Iim war continued unahnted.
'J'liu resistance of the liisiirsents wus hi
no wise diminished
"'I'" policy of devastation und eoncen-
trutlofi, Inaugurated ly the euptuln-Ken
erul liundo of Oct, 21, IW11I, In tha prov
tnca of I'lniir del lllo, wus afterward ex
tended to emhmce ull of the Island to
which tha power of the Knunlsh arms wa
uhht to remh hy ociupuilon or hy mili
tary oneratlon. Tha neusantrv. Inelud-
Inif all dwelling In the mkiIcuIi urul In
terior, were driven Into tho surrlson
town or Isolated plmea held hy iha
troop. Tha rulslng und movement of
provision of all kinds were Interdicted.
The (telds were luld wusts, dwellings un
roofed and fired, mills destroyed, nnd, In
short, everything that could denolute th
land and render It undt for huiiiun Iiuh
Itutloti or support wu commanded hy
on or th other of tha contending par
ties, una executed hy ull thu power ut
their disposal. The agricultural nouula-
tlon, lo the estlmuted number of w,uao
or more, whm herded wlthrri tha town
and their Immediate vlclnttga, deprived
of thu mean of support, rendered destl-
tuta of shelter, left poorly clad, and ex
posed to the most unsanitary conditions.
An the aearclty of food ncreused with
th devastation of tha depopulated areas
of production, destitution and want ha
cuma misery und starvation. Mouth hy
month the death rale Increased in an
alarming ratio, Hy March, 1S!7, accord
ing to conservative estimates from offi
cial Hpanish tourees, the mortality among
tha rcconcontrados from starvation nml
th disease therein Incident, exceeded M
per centum of their total mimhi-r. No
practical relief whs accorded to the des
titute. Tho unfortunates, hclng fur the
moat part women mid children, with nti'l
and helpless men, enfeehh-d hy dlseasa
ami huiiKi r, could riot till the m.il, with
out tools, seed or shelter, fur their own
support, or fur the mipply of th,. cities.
He( imu , nil atli.n, u.li.pti .1 nvow-i'dly ;i:i ;i
wur measure In order In cut olT the re
sources of Hie Insurgents, worked Uu
preilcxt Ined result. A I nllld In my on .
snxe of last I u n ml" r, it .n not civ il
ized warfare; t was ex li-rinina I inn. The
only pi ace II could lieei was Hun of the
Wllderiii i-s and the einve.
Meaiiwlille the nolil.irv cli 11, n mil In
the Island had uriili I iiuue n imi , . ,i),in
cliMiuv. The enliaoriin.-iry inlhliy lli.it
ehiiriielerl.i it the si-emnl yiar of the war,
When tin. In'irucuts invade,! m n the
hllllelln lilihlil ined li,rli,-- l-ln.ir ,, I Ilio
and cm lied Iiiimh' aii.l ,!esi 11 ui inn up 'n
tin. WllllH f I In- ot IIiIwiImI !!,.,,!.
had relapMil lutn a dunned slnmcle in
tlie leiiiral nnd lacli-in pn.iln,.M. The
Hplltilstl ItllllH ri'lUlltli'l a Oil 11 lire I.f run-
trol In 1'iiiar del Kin nu. poi.-i ,,(' Ha
vana, hill. Illl.hl Hie I X I n I I Ii t4 ' "ll i i: I'.lll
of the I ural cnuiiliv, liilliiiul liiiiiiidl.ile
lllipiov 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 of Ihelr I roil in I ll e xiiiiji-
tlllll. I tell thill 1 ,11 1 I 1 .1 1 1 V I'l 1. 1 ill 1 1 1 1 11,1)
ri,id.iil.Miit In Id ihelr nun, mi l th, :i-
1 1 1 1 1 1 1 -'iinii put f.'in.n t hy ;f,,i!u ,ii the
t-saillllil ,i,i t vein P.t'l- nl p. ,. i- -1 1 mi 1
us f;ir do 1 ml .1 h at I -i.- n -i . I
"III Mil" "Mil- nl , nt. oil 11, II I in ' 11 1 M .
t ru itiiti i.iiiii,! 1 1 ; r um Muni' 1 u 1 1 1 ii,.
Kiltie pint Ii 111 i f 0 ,lun- M in. ,. ,,-ii
i.f 1 . 1 I I 1, 1. 11, lit .l.v,. ll,, t.i,,ii.,(,
and ipiniii.i Mm I it,. 1. ulili ., h ,1
uf ri ilrlllia US III liti In b. Hlid epiltil.fc! tti.i
Hil' t.l -iillti. tut III id h..l..il rthli p. llh
rilSIlt The ,l"il . -II: O t, 11 1 f II,,. pniii"
lllllil Mi t, ruiini iK . I I., 11 elain i f
Kill . I IIIOllI III Spall, t: fulii. r N .
tnliiUiritilnii, h.g,l in ul.ii. 41 -on no Il
eal l nle rli,l, Sl.l pl .. lu l,,, f a
mum HUtil pallt. reilili.li ii ,1 iii,k i
l-l'H - '. I p.. In el lll'.l!.. In. . Itn
Ih i,i 1 1 1 in 1 p 1 1 if 1-1,11 1,1,1 r r
I I, I l Ml, I I - II, 111 t,,. ,.ll,., , f
Ititii if ..v t ni.it M Ii-, 'Ir.itfH 1 1 1 1
ni- Hili. H .i.tf .id and Imiltliig In n
illilli-. Ilitln sc.! 1 Hi 1 1 11 ,1 miirhinatlntt ,f
Ih.. , ..Hill I. a il ll.e I.Unl, 1.. it
, ,.(.lrd In He 11. nl n.lieilt I in- I,
alt, in in Ait -tn, mrw imi I. ,r
4ii. Ihai h -linn tuts. In 1 l.an,, ,
.iaii ..,i I-.- f,ti).nli 1 r)i. r,
t t i mih. ni ntn.a i n 1 '. tt r 10
1, t ) 111 lti t I iinii,., M mlli la
l,..i. I t ll.. 11. . f.n ih .i I lu ua .vli-la. I
, ( ,i,llll!IH
"t lots i.. in-iiiit!. .Bt) wi in ,r..a-
f ! I i 11 liu-l itlllullt.a uf Ih
ut. im t ioii '-- .it.. ni 1 1 1 1 1
11 not a Hi.niin i..t' lhm viaiui.
1.. i ih.i.u h faa iiia l. I
H-i, I. I IS I 11 o I Hitiein t.p.f ,t
lat. ii I ! IM -lu a Anitta miit.iit
aai..i. Hum I., is p. 11. 1 ,t, atMtliut
Illt.n.jS III f.liMnl lni,lll is
. .mn ai-ft-i iiai.l i.l- t tn mim
.. lutiu.i i elM.ul tl H I"!. ri.iHai
, is s iiin itii.iin w ,Hii ar
a,hwi ut ail lit ii at! tf
( .iii uataii.Ht 1 isi
4 .4MlK't lu kf IS FPOtt
athiti'io a IS ti af tt tsf
Utt I t.l I l ! tal tk
Amtti. a fit l tat King i.aififei4ii..a
In ajiunr ! In kit ! l is a.H-..f l is
ifo tMn lit t'li. Uiinttiag ilti
a IS i al Jiist tintilat (.uWisi
aa.uiMiiit ! IH tviiuaitti l a
lrl tula ltl . tin., aiik t4
tiutit im X- Iti att, a! l
I PRESIDENT'S MESSAG
threa member representing tha American
National Red Crosa and tha rellgloua and
business elementa of tha aommunlty. Tho
effort of that commltta have bn un
tiring and accomplished mash. Nearly
1200,000 In money and uppllae baa already
reached the aufferara, and more la forth
coming. Thousand of thraa have already
been saved. The necaaalty for a change
la recognized by th BJanlsh gov
ernment. Within a few day past
the order of Gen. Weylcr have
been revoked, the reconcentrado
are, It la aald, to be permitted to return
to their home, and aided to resume the
clf-Htipportlng pursuit of peace; publlo
work have been ordered to give them
employment,! and a um of fiioo.OQO ha
been appproprlated for their relief.
"The wr In Cuba I of such a nature
that short of subjugation or extermina
tion, a final military victory for either aid
seems Impracticable, The alternative He
In the physical exhaustion of the one or
the other party, or perhaps of both a
condition which In effect ended the ten
year' war by the truce of Zunjon. The
prospect of Much a protraction and con
clusion of the preaent strife I a con
tingency hardly to ho contemplated with
eiiiittiiltnlly by the civilized world, and
least of all hy tha I'nlted Htiiles, affected
und Injured as we urn, deeply and Inti
mately, by Its very existence.
"Keullsiliig this, It appeared to be my du
ty, In a spirit of true friendliness, no les
to Hpulu thuu to thu Cuban who have
so much to lose hy tho prhtnulgatlon of
tho struggle, to aeek to bring about nn
Immedliitu termination of thu war. To
thi end I submitted, on the 27th ultimo.,
a a result of much representation and
rorrespondencu through Ihn trailed Htate
minister at Madrid, proposition to th
Hpanish government looking to un nrml
tic until Oct, , for tho negotiation of
peace with the good office of tha presi
dent. "Tim reply of tha Hpanish authorltle
wa received on the night of tha 31st
ultimo. It offers, as the mean to bring
about pence In Cuba, to conlldn the prep
aration thereof to the Insular department.
Inasmuch as tho concurrence of that body
would tie necessary lo reach a final reult.
It being, however, understood that tho
power reserved by that constitution to
tho central government are not lessened
or diminished. A tho Cuban parliament
does not meet until the fourth of May
next, thu Hpanish government would not
object, for II part, to accept ut once a
suspension of hostilities, If asked for by
the Insurgent from Ihn general-ln-chhf,
to whom It would pertain, In such case,
to determine Iha duration and condition
of th armistice. From lien. Woodford
explanatory report of preliminary discus
sion preceding tha final conference It. i
understood that the Hiiunlsh iioveriimont
stands ready to give the Insular emigres
run power to settle tho term of peace
with the Insurgents, whether by direct
negotiation or Indirectly by mean of leg
islation does not appear.
"With tho last overture tn the direction
of Immediate peace und It disappointing'
reception by Hpaln, tho execuf.lv wa
brought lo tho end of hi effort.
"Jn my annuul messaa of December
last 1 auld: .
'Of the untried measure there remain:
Recognition of tha Insurgents a belliger
ents, recoKhltlon of the Independence of
Cuba, neutral Intervention to end th war
by Imposing a rational compromise be
tween the contestant and Intervention in
favor of one or the other party. I speak
not of forcible annexation, for that can
not be thought of. That, by our coda of
morality, would tie criminal aggression.
J hereupon I reviewed these alterna
tives, In the light of I'realdent Orant'a
measured words, uttered In 1H75, when
after seven years of sanguinary, deatruc- '
live and cruel tmrharltlea in Cuba h
reached the conclusion that the recogni
tion of the Independence of Cuba wa im
practicable und Indefensible, and that tha
recognition of belligerence wa not war
ranted liy tho facts according to the testa
of public law. I commented especially up
on the latter aspect of tha question, point
ing oui me inconveniences, and positive
dangers of a recognition of belllgorenoy
which, whllo adding to tha already oner
ous burdens of neutrality within our own
Jurisdiction, could not In any way extend
our Influence or effective ofllees In the ter
ritory of hostilities. Nothing has since
occurred to rhunge rny view In this re
gardand I recognlga un fully now as then
mat the issuance of a proclamation of
neutrality, by which process the ao-calleil
recognition of belligerence Is published.
could, of Itself and unattended by other
acnon. accomplish nnllilnic toward the mm
end fur which we labor, the Instant tiiul-
fleutloii of Cuba ainl the cessation of tlu
misery that ullllcts the Island.
Turning tn lie iiucstlnu of recoirnll Ion
at thi time nf the liiilep,.nderice of th
present InsuiKeiii government In Culm, wa
llud sale preeedeiitM In our history from
an early ,;,y. Tiny are well summed ut
I'rcsldeiit .hi'-kmii'a mesHiige to one
gre."s, I'ei-, ;', Kill, on the auhjeet of tho
miitinn of the independence of Texas.
lie said: "Tlie uniform policy anil tiructlco
f tin- I tilled Hihom Ih tn avoid all Inter
fere!)!. In disputes which merely reditu ti
the Ini'inal Huveriiment of other nation
and ci.ntually to ri comilze the authority
of the prevailing piuiy without reference-
to our particular Interests and views, or
to thu nu rlis nf the original controversy.
Ilul mi this, as nn evety other trying
oci iiHlnii. sitti-ty Is tn he found In it rluhl
adheret tn principle. !!y um snlnu It.
we nr.. I. in carrying nut the lnng estith-
lUdinl pi.pi y nf our t-nyi rutin nt, a policy
Which has -ii cured tn ui ri n"ct all. I llillu-
iilunal .ii.-l hisi iml ciintldeiiie at
home.' "
Tim president continues:
"I dn um Hindi It wi.nl. Im wise or pru
lent fur Mils i;.n el iin.i el tn reeniilmi at
In. pli-srnl turn Hie In. P p. n l. -in .P ,,f tha
Kiel III ..I I lit. .U, li p,, Ml, . T,, ,.,,u,,llt 11,1
i.m.iiv imu 1. 1 il.i' ic.Min r i,v par
ticular fn ei ion. el In t'lil-ii neuht -.tiiituft
IIS tu . Illl.lll I ,1 CIlK ri.l l'i,,,, ( tllli-i Htl
tlnil. ll ,,hl!i'llll ,11 I-lll llil the ir-lliUlltlillt
.i ie. eaii'a-.i When o . .,- ,,.a.
after thai i In i n N within i h pi. m. I a guv-
rriilinnt cii-U I- ef p. i f,, iiih;W tu, ,j.
lie, nn I .in. tniiisiiiw !' , r.iiiiu-iii of
di-parsie iiiHiui, iih-l lining K4 j in 1 1 mr
uf f.n t. M e proper fin in mi l ilril. ,tr
nf lottl iiulll . such k i i nn i,i I hi
pruinp'l) it'i.l ria lilv i.ki.ii-, am I tha
mUtlnlm uld l..r.-l n( (h I'lillrl
H'l' li'i men i -nn. n i iinii,-,
'Th. m i. iiM-.it Mis nit. riMtlt Turin of
liiirti.un ui i,i in i um tt ,r iiiiiff an
liiipaHml in uitil P, liiii.nnnii a iini,l
in.nipi..ii.. l.iiii..i, th,. i .uiiruni, vr
Ih . Ui ally nf llm mi laity ut ll
aihrr
'Th fnr. Il l lnt. tvfnii.in nf ih t nil. l
in'- m tuii'ral, in i. p n,w ttr, c
iiK i t - In Hi Urg tn ti i.f hi,i1,,,1ir
ii.t I I! iina I. li.n Inilurli'al f .
d.n.U l..re i,i' l...r in tiaiK ,t lit.
Itfrc, In ch,,a II, i,..iim ,-iit,a i.f
Ml l. lull Hi, ii i..i,ili, u ln. ti,ir
s i I li Ii Jiilil.l ea riiua ftuuit-t.
l iiivi.it. S"ir hi.ii i.
mini ratitt
ut .nt to.ia !,. in m ,,,1,, ...I tt
lu is.i. m tint a t i git i is, iiui,i
aiti-Mii. el
"IS l. illicit 1 tf I, mi., I,,,!,,,,
tricli uii.n.ai . I a k.iiui
"la 'S iu il Kuitiivii tn-t M
a l ! ii. t iii iil-iii l ....4,i,., ir
taltuti, n. S..ili.i amiui a-m ii.
la ii. an.l !. a th ih i is
w n ft iw t nhif Ui-ld f Mnalillna to
i.. ml siM'a
' I ita t'iit n,iti ai m4
tr IS iU"t Mitur i is.
ncr.-, Ita l n4 kuiii tt vHt.,4
ai kv IK waate iH.iviitt4j (,!H.,f,
ly a4 t,t ! wt Ik Uiai l ,
I sat o It ltKiaiti4 ta ..ar4
ta tiit 1 t.tl mmt f i, nt
IS Jiikii t Ik ktusta kt.,
)n Ih kaiU v IUtk iiis ta f-at
Ik in rMif ts 4ir ,,
I Ikat tti Ma l k u4 IH 4
) ktt Im(riit.j kii
Sua I .4 M Hr kt Im as4
-toi 4 ta iTt at ,
rru la Ik ti4 Mufiiif a
