January 2o 1898
THE NEBRASKA INDEPENDENT.
FOOLISH FARMERS.
SWINDLED BY CORPORATIONS AND
BAMBOOZLEO BY LEGISLATORS. 1
Bow ConimlttM of tho Mlnoeoot Farm
er' Alllaoo Wu Traeted f th IMi
Leglaloturo tuuii aonalblo Advloe to Hi
Tlllar of tb tkll.
The following address wa delivered
before the Minnesota Farmer' Alliance
la St. Paul on Jan. 6 by Hou. P. II.
Babilly of Lak City, Miun.t
Tbe last convention of tbeFarmora
Alliance of this tat appointed a com
inittee consisting of nine members, of
which I bod the honor of being chair
man, who doty it should be, first, to
euure if poaslbl some enforcement of
those existing lawi rotating to common
carrion which might be regarded a fa
vorable to the farmer of Minnesota,
. nd, second, to formulate and present
to the legislature such measure relat
ing to tbe carriHgo of farm product! an
in tbe opinion of the committee a sound
public policy might dtotate.
In tbe fulfillment of its mission tbe
committee at once visited tbe railroad
and warehouse commission and asked
that body to secure to farmer their
right in freight and passenger rote on
railroads. The commission eemd to
believe that tbey had uo power uudur
the present law. Having tout satis
find from tbe conduct and general de
meanor of iu member throughout that
the railroad and warehouse commission
was even worse than worthless tut all
public uses, we directed our attention
toward tbe legislature, A series of
remedial measures were prepared and
were introduced in tbe bouse, Tboae
measure were a follow s
First. A bill amending the law ere
ting tbe railroad and warehomw com-
miNlon and calling on that body on tbe
firt Monday of May and November of
ach year and at uch additional time
might be necessary to carefully ex-1
, amine tbe existing freight rate and on
leu tbe commission were satisfied that ,
uob rate were in all respect just and '
reasonable to call upon the railroad to
make tbe necessary reduction. On the
neglect or failure of tbe road to make j
the required reduction the bill then ,
made it tbe duty of tbe commission to
appeal to tbe court and to continue to
' eo appeal until tbe loweet Just and rea
onabl rate admitted by tbe court
were mad to prevail. Tbua an impera
tive duty to continue forcing down
isting rate wa (ought to be enforced
on the commission on paid of removal
from offloe.
Heoond. -A bill providing for a uni
form reduction of 20 per cent on all ex
iting freight rate in force on Jan. I,
1897. .,
Third, A bill providing for a uni
form paaaenger rat of 3 cent per mile.
Fourth. A bill providing for tbe
, lawful transfer by delivery of mileage
books from on per son to another, tbe
ooeeession of such book beiner nrima
book
facie evidence of lawful ownership re-
smrdles of the nam written or stamped
on the book.
Fifth, A bill providing for tbe es
tablishment of scales at all railroad sta
tions for tbe purpose of weighing farm
produce end for tbe delivery to tbe ship-K-r
of proper receipt for the amount of
grain so delivered.
The bills referred to were placed in
ih bands of the different member of
'til., house, Thy were in time referred
to the committee oil railroads of that
b'dy. 1 made five trips to St. Paul and
succeeded in making arrangement to
haven public hearing on those measures.
Accordingly I appeared before the com
mittee on railroads, and after listening
until 3 o'clock iu the morning to tbe
arguments of the railway attorneys
gathered to oppose thesorailnd Douglas
bill I wa compelled to withdraw un
heard. The next meeting I was re-enforced
by Mr. Costollo. We were In.
formed by the chairman that that body
was very busy aud could only allot a
very short time to Alliance measures.
A half hour was assigned in wbich to
present the merits of the five measures
above outlined. Tbe time wa as fully
utilised as it brevity aud the nature of
the task before the committee admitted
of.
Hut from the outset, Indeed Imfor a
word bad lawn spukeu, It was plain that
the eiperieiioe of the committee ts-for
the railroad and warehouse commission
wa to be duplicated and that the meas
ure would receive like treatment, It
wu apparent throughout that there was
not a shadow of possibility thai the
measure advocated would receive any
serious consideration whatever. On the
following morning the bill were re
ported to tl bouse adversely by In
committee on railroads. Mr Ibwiielly
made a gallant light la favor of the
bills, rle pladd that they should be
placed oj gwaeral onlm aud be die-
4 and iuud4 according a the
judgias! of the bouse might dli-tale, "
but be plsftdmt ia vain. Tb ua.ur
wet doomed from, the outset o a spawdy
and violent delb. I
Wkstevtf tb present e UJ ouitdttloii
of publle esuiimeat msy be residing
the eartlet of la tt II I plain la
deutoHstralb that all the fortj of
wflMsl life May are Msauiaed aud
mal4ml4 la lb great anderUk leg
uf preventing & tbauge la Mltllng
reguUtttiU affmlleg iI1mmI and olhsi
simI v4lti, Tb liotutuahl !' 1
Haul la ear t4lll4 U la MMplrsy
With K 1
'tw mt ipl M a agf leelur
it tt It) rr I rau. tofiala
fre4 ralliMg ymt aett t4 a lew .
I fa..4 and gglttw wbUb Uv ba
fufv4 o Hi vividly. I
I b'ta la wbealAeld neatly t
ytart gi 4 bav lived tiwe v'
sISH-e u I ea dvutl will dt there. A j
sr U.4 of Ike llwe I bav bMNi !
large slij r f"" '
bate talsl a bigb a 11,000 busbeU
yrwissetlr lb wtl! uf greia wtmtd
ftll e4l at l dwalaallusi fruai sf
weight, but having no receipt from the
railroad a to tbe number of pound in
a car I bad no remedy but to aubmit to
tbe imposition. There ia a law on the
statute book of thin state providing
that railroad shall weigh grain offered
for shipment in bulk and Issue a receipt
therefor.
Finding myself defeated at every
point by tboae whose duty it wu to pro
tect tbe interest and right of the most
industrious class of our citizens, I nest
turned my attention to enforcing this
law wbioh ba been on tbe statute book
of the state for the past 20 years. It
appears, however, that nobody bad been
aware of this fact. Having received tbe
rebuff referred to, I concluded to prose
cute tbe railroad company for non-compliance
with the law in refusing to
weigh grain and issue receipts for tbe
number of pounds so delivered for ship
ment. I swore out a warrant for the ar
rest of the agent of the railroad com
pany at take City, The case bad a bear
ing in tbe court. For the first time we
routed tiie enemy, horse, foot and dra
goon, and got Judgment against the rail
road company. As usual the railroad
blustered, but finally paid tbe judgment
to the state.
I appeal to the farmer of tbe state
living on every line of road at every
shipping point to get together and have
some one among yon present a car of
grain for shipment to the agent at your
shipping point and demand of bim to
weigh your grain and issue a receipt to
you for the number of bushels so deliv
ered. In case he refuses you do as I
have done secure a warrant for tbe
agent' arrest.
It is the duty of the county attorney
to prosecute all such cases in the name
of the stuto, Hemember you support the
roads by using them and are as much
entitled to consideration a those who
contributed to build tbem if there i
quality of citizen before the law,
iiy your action yon must prove to
tb people that you enter your protest
against the courts, bigb or low, which
protect stock and bond bolder in their
determination to secure profits by ficti
tious capitalization. Tbe state means
by legislation to stop fictitious capital!
Ketlim, and if tbe court will dare to
uphold tbe right to profit on fictitious
capitalization they hereby nullify tbe
policy of tbe state.
If tbe court will bold that corpora
tions must take tbeir chance like indi
vidual iu business, they would work
for those thing wbicb would tend to
promote tbe general welfare of tbe peo
ple, Knowing your rights, if you fail
to defend tbem yoo deserve till more
abuse than yon have received at tbe
band of tb corporation during tbe
past 80 year. fteniember if yoo don't
defend your right no one else will,
; Tbe fact that a district judge in tbla
state ba ruled that when an unsuspect
ing, law abiding citlaen purchase a
mileage book plaoed by the railread
company in tb band of scalpers and
offer it for bia transportation tbe rail
road company ba a right to confiscate
bi private property, and he ia not en
titled to demand tbe return of bi prop
erty a a condition to paying bi fare
'in cash, while tbe company i justified
in maltreating such citicen even unto
death providing be contributed to tbe
injury by bi stubbornness in refusing
to leave the car, pay bi fare and not
demand tbe return of bi book, I now
judicially established. The highest tri
bunal in the state, wbich should have
been designated tbe supreme fraud of
the state, has sustained tbe above deci
sion by simply stating that such citizen
should leave the car, pay his fare aud
not demand the return of his personal
property, "be hud bis remedy in tbe
courts afterward." In view of all this
it seems to mo that a tho courts are at
present administered any appeal to
them is equivalent to going to luw with
the devil with the court held iu bell.
There is another corporation or trust
I desire to call your attuutiou to known
as the malthouse trust. During the last
year I shipped some 90,000 bushel of
rye aud barley to manufacturers and
maltsters in transit, thereby realizing in
some case nearly tbe Chicago price
at Lake City. This year the same par.
ties informed me that they cannot deal
direct with me. They belong to tbe
trust. The malthouses and buyers are
nearly all combiued uuder one manage
ment, and one buyer purchases their
supplies Instead of 60 buyers, as hereto
fore, thus maklug little or no competi
tion. I have alway been opposed to
prohibition, but iu self iKftmso 1 have
changed my miud. I would therefore
suggest that the writ Alliance state con
vention, insert a prohibition plauk in
its state platform, In my judgment
the devil must be fought with fir.
bit u unite a on man to defend our
right against corporation aud trust
of all description. Hemember that a
lug as the producing uieMt of tb
Mate In the eierelse ot tb vot ing fran
chise show thrnmlve la be auiruebl
to the luflueuce of fear, fraud aud cbl
turnery to th eitetil UutulfiMted by tbam
In the last stale aud national levUo, It
M Ismail an lUIly bowlso task fur
wy Uly of men ki relist la Ihstr
babalf front the bardeti undwfwbkh
lhy are today trggliug.
I txwelusMt, brother farmer. I bog
J" ! a vet M any man
watt ba ever hm bi Influtttue agaiutt
your lulereet.
I bav ttevsr approved of tbe aetloa
lakstt emote ysmr ag declaring that the
fsnoMs' Allien wee a 4llkl
organisation. While this U subtly true
l.mul kM aeM ly the tote
ul the fii ta iv that the
faimet should not the U1M U Iu
wbuta Ibo by dmid. W a
lake that pilta, lby ibiow
' lb grvtv m of sett 4fM
blb tbsy p. es the Hgbl of suf-
fig-HMd tm Ibelr esiewtMlobav
1 aKptdy of It. hifta ms mm Ik
Ibl enuiiuy only V owe t4 twume,
h the eetttiJge Ui. Te
'dd lb we of I he U lb Urmer
M, h,y tbe Irs. Tbey si Id
! la piolei t and adwee Ibeif
feJ tat! and ta reward tb4f
nlead aad pualsb tbxtt esiamlea
FREEDOM AND
ITS OPPORTUNITIES.
Natural Rights Which Man Has
Foolishly Surrendered.
LAHD AHD FREEDOM OF EXCHANGE
Restoration of These Right I the
Answer to the Cry of Distress.
The rablsd Sterr of Aotatus and HI Ovev
throw How the Fsw AoonmuleU Oreat
atoros of Wsaltb-The Methods of the
Modlssval Itaroas Are SUII Ie I'm Tho
Kad of "Tbe Labor Question" How Is
the Crf of the goal of Man to He An
sweredT Publlo Thing to the Fubllei
Private AITalrs to the lodlvldoet A Pro
posed GoMtltntlonal Asnsndmoet.
From sn artlols y Oovnrnor Jolm B, Rogers
of Wssblntftua in January Arena. 1
In all ages broad minded and farsee
lug men have not hesitated to declare
that tho rigbt of access to land In some
free and independent way is absolutely
necessary to the creation of strong and
stable nation aud men and that in no
other way can freedom and the right
of men be preserved. Thousands of years
ago tbi was as well known and under
stood a it is today. The myth and
mythology of the most ancient people
conclusively prove it. In tbe mythology
of Greece aud Homo this truth was ex
pressed in tbe fabled story of Antwua, a
giant or renowned athlete, who wa
said to bo the son of Neptune and Terra
(seu and earth or land and water). Ho
inhabited theLybian desert (where laud
was free) and successfully wrestled
against all comers, for whenever thrown
to tbo ground be received fresh acces
sion of strength from mother earth, ris
ing stronger than ever from bl contact
with tho soil. Hercules, however, tho
crafty god of strength, detecting the
source of bi strength, held bim up in
bl arm and strangled bim in tbo air.
Doubtless the common people among
tbe Greek and Homana, to whom th
priests told this story of tbe gods, be
lieved it true and thought Anteu a
real personage, but tho better educated
among tbem probably knew perfectly
well that this ttory contained one of tbo
greatest truth probably tb moat im
portant to man' temporal welfare
wbicb it i possible to state. Antara
symbolized the buman race, whlob, de
prived of it bold upon tbo toil, la quick
ly weakened and destroyed.
Man' life upon tbi earth i govern
ed by certain unchangeable law, fixed
in tbe decree of nature. Men make no
new one, tbey only discover tbem.
Having discovered tbem, if tbe course
of tbeir live and tbeir statutory enact
ment are in oonionanoe therewith,
bappinea i tbe result; otherwise hu
manity pay tbo Axed and certain pen
alty. Statute law i like it maker,
very imperfect.
All wealth wbicb i tbe only reme
dy for poverty i created by the appli
cation of bnman exertion to land or to
it natural product. If men are denied
access to land, they are then uuuble to
create wealth for themselves. If tbey
work "for other, tbe profits of their la
bor are taken from tbem, This, in short,
I tbe sole origin of great wealth on the
one side and poverty on the other. No
man accumulates large wealth unless
ho is enabled in some crafty way to ob
tain the fruits of other men's labor. If
access to laud is open to all, men can
not be forced to work for insufficient
pay. They are then free to work for
themselves. If men possess their little
self supporting homesteads, free from
debt and tuxution, tbey are theu free,
strong, brave and inclined to make
much of their independence when in
tbe presence of those who may try to
impose upon them. Let us, then, en
deavor to restore to men those natural
opportunities which will enable tbem
to protect themselves. This can bo done
by a change In our laws. And it will
be done whenever our citizens deter-
miuedly and persisteutly demand of
their lawmakers a restoration of tho
natural and inalienable right guaran
teed by our constitution as th self vi
deo I gift of tbe Creator to all.
1 bold that our form of government,
iu it tirst inteut and in it basic form
today I tbe best Imaginable, and that
whatever of ill ha become by lack of
that eternal vigllauce wbich is the prloe
of liberty a part of it administration
Will yet be remedied by the courageou
rM re. hi to assertion of man' natutat
right ouder the law. And 1 bold, too,
prcmuptoouly perhaps, that ven
among educated mu there 1 great pre
vailing lack of perception of the real
fact in th oaat,
A few hundred year agt) the media
val baron hld almost absolute away
ovsr tbo live and fortune of our fa
thers Ibelr subject. Kicbaage which
114 I beta no tribute could not eitst,
teereodlug with their artued retainer
trout their raalle amiwg tb mg tbey
lived aud throve by unblushing rvbUry
and lb right of the strong la eel and
la bold. Trade, a we know it, bad no
tiaUwe, end siuiUuferlnt ruled.
And yt the bait of old lived, a U
lbir iwlta MriMplart, simply by oV
nvtog li the nMMuun maa Iwa tdela
MUrel rigbls Ibe HgMtatb soil and
the HM tnly to eatheae lb ptvU-
i it lets. And sta' the world be
gan all Ijrwuuy ba ba at4ved by
lb simple tueeu and by a t4h
It woe rbabgv, aud molbttl wilb tbe at,
bet al U-u.'Oi the mm of the ty taul
I laj Ibe saiae. Tbe plan U Htaple
ia lb titivate. And ) maa ba bad
u vtUiriMe ia Ibis earth lr fanny la
a Uu war ba iil; ! pitd wba
Hu have gttl Ua iU4lv4tf tbose
aier tlgbu And iMtuare alwajr de
ml 1 nli ttotvlve hrtMilve. fisj mt
koU have Ibe low Iu ail bMi able
Ibe M deprive Ibe 0aav4 lhti ttala
Ml loallHial le ad lttWfaWa tigbM
ami thus reduce them to poverty aud
serfdom, but they have also been able
to make tbe vast majority think it right
that It should be so.
That this is tho one only method ever
employed should be clear to every re
flective mind. For if men are in uudis-
fiutod possession of tho soil and secure
u the right freely to exchange the prod
ucts of the lubor of both baud and brain,
they are theu able to maintain not ouly
an independent existence, but also to
go forward in the race of life. All
things become possible to them, for
when these right are once fully attain
ed and fully conceded mankind for tbo
first time is freed from tbe unjust pow
er of .concentrated wealth and tyranny
becomes impossible.
Tbe fiction of English law by which
meu are said upon entering society to
give up natural right has done infinite
harm, for it is an acknowledged fiction,
unsupported by our constitution, con
trary, indeed, to them aud to the geniu
of our institutions.
. That the right to' untrammeled ex
change is a natural right ought to be
clear to all who will reflect that in a
state of nature or uudur proper ad
ministration of law no just demand
anywhere exists for its limitation. The
claim set np that tribute upon exchange
i necessary-to tho support of govern
ment is seen upon examination to bo
false, urgod only by those who In a cov
ert vtuy are thus enubled themselves to
levy a tax upon the manuul laborer.
For all luxury, all privilego, all tyran
ny are now and have ever been possible
only because of ability first obtained to
deprive the manual laborer of those
rights, powers aud privilege admitted
ly and self evidently tbe gift of the Cre
ator to all his children. Much tulk i
made by pseudo economists of tho
"wages of superintendence," and wo
beur much of tbe vast value to tbe
world of the directive skill of tbo de
spoilers of labor. Hut all these live by
imposing their luxurious support upon
those whom they have first deprived.
If we suppose for a moment that all
manual laborers were transported to an
other country, it will theu be clear to
tho dullest comprehension that labor of
the hands I the one essential to life
which cannot be dispensed with. For
tbe wealthy who are left must then
consume the wealth previously obtained
from the laborer, and when this ha
been expended or ba wasted away,
which mnst very soon occur, they can
than begin themselves to labor with
tbeir bands or die.
If in possession of th two great
rights, wbicb when folly stated com
prise all, the laborer cannot be forced.
He i then free. He can not only main
tain an independent existence, bnt tbo
moan of Improvement and advanoe are
hi. By combination with bia fellow
all tb faoultie of modern life would
hortly bo obtained, and tbo former
magnate would bo forced to offer better
term. Bnt tb former aerf would bo ia
no bast to comply. Wage would rise.
Th laborer would then be able to el
bi own wage. "Tho labor question"
would be at an end. Tbo dignity and
importance of manual labor would then
bo recognized by all. For tbe first time
in all tbe history of tho world tbe labor
or would be fre. All wonld not bo
obliged to labor upon land, bnt all la
borer will gain liberty only by opening
tbe escape valve which allows the unem
ployed and tho unsatisfactorily employ,
od to avail themselves of the natural
right to land and exchange.
That mastery is always obtained by
the few over the many by the machinery
of deprival may be readily seen if we
expose all men everywhere to be in
full and undisputed possession of large
wealth. Huppose oil, without exception,
to possess an eqnal amount of the good
things of life bouses aud lauds and all
tbe attributes and belougiugs of a vast
estate. Each and every muu is then
forced to labor with bis bands. He can
employ uo one who is not equally de
sirous of employing him. Now gold has
lost its value, for value is but an esti
mation of tbe hamuli miud, aud its
power over men is goue, simply for the
plain reason that gold depend for its
value upon the absence of it in tbe
pocket of bim it is intended to influ
ence. Tbe question at issue between tho
oapitalist aud the laborer I not ouly a
political one, but it ia in a most emi
nent degree a moral and a religious one.
It is the question of the ages this dev
ilish pow r of grd against the rising
claims of humanity; an Irrepressible
conflict, op u which wait the hope
and aspiration of men, for until It I
settled, aud settled a it should be, mor
al development In the world is at an
end Hut th capitalist will claim lo
the end lhat be bat "a right" lo some
Sottittn ot the laborvr's product, for It
could not poMraa himself of he
hiiusf would be obliged tu labor, and
to Ihi ho Is opposed.
liul ft the laborer, under tbe prve
en I regime, no bope appwsrs while bo
remain a laborrr f bite. The capital
(t, and Ibe apologist t capitalism,
tall bim lhat. Thry aayi "Wotk. Mve,
eullwi !utrl trout eome ether labor,
fltl i4ue totw of Irgsl advaiilag over
r aud more dpndut than
yourself. M
Tbe laboor I Iba ftr4 to orrapy
a dspoodMil puslilutt, lul lb labor
I dv'odHt on otbor me) only buM
etho suvw, w lib bi ftetosot, hat de
prived bisa i4 aaleial light, lb-pood'
U elwat a w4d top la la deg
radation uf bttmaull. It I aa ffv,
Tbe cwum I a fiawdeloat d ttvel 1 be
few dty M tae many Ibe ! aud solf
vMl gths of Ibe IYK4 la all maa
kind. Hot4 h aetata! aad taallauabU
I If bis, sot all Will be well, A Ad out
WMttotaUi off alt will tvfjaiel Ibout
Ivee. Tbi I Ibe ArsMksS answer,
Its et4liiloal utw, 4 lhea
wer ot Jastk lt Ibe try of dlrtreo
FftwlotNUMlti begL Kuw, Mover,
liberty I the try of tbe eat of rnasv
A ad bow It tbit M be mwmmnI, da vm
M la tvpir and ft'MM 4 Iba f
thai 1 out bate only hMtgbty owilkne a
tw ptiaviplo whua sb ie.14 gbl .
allow me to quote from tho one man
who by hi writings did more to make
the Declaration of Independence a pos
sibility than any other, Thomas Pttiue.
He soys:
"Man did not enter society to become
worse than be was before, or to have
fewer rights than he had before, but to
have those right better secured. Hi
natural right are the foundation of all
hi civil right.
"Civil rights are those which apper
tain to mun iu right of his being a mem
ber of aooiety. Every civil right has for
its foundation some natural rigbt pre
existing in the Individual, but to tho
enjoyment of which his individual pow
er is not in all case sufficiently compe
tent." ,
I have grouped the natural right of
man under two heuds:
First.-Tho right to security in the
use of a sufficient portion of the earth'
surface for self support free from the
claims of rent, tax or the oppressive
power of money ; in short, a free borne
upon tbe aoil whiob no power can wrest
from the family, aaid homestead to be
limited in money value so aa to cover
the neoessitioa of life, all above tbia
valuation to be taxed, all below it to be
free from the claims of tbe sheriff for
taxoa or the demand of future would
bo mortgagee. For if this rigbt to a
homo upon tho soil is a natural right
whence come the power to tas or take
away? Henry George admit tbla aa a
natural right, but would in bia system
allow this fro gift of the Creator only
to mon able to pay. That is, bo puts
tho right of man upon tbo auction block,
and he who is able to pay most 1 to be
giveu most of natural rigbt.
Bucoudly, Tbe rigbt of tbe producer
of wealth to complete freedom of ex
change with other for all the product
of baud or brain, or, exchange at cost,
scoured by tbe civil authority, whore
the ability of tbe Individual is defective
in power. Exchange at coat secured by
the civil power includes in ita scope the
question of government ownership and
control of tbo mean of exchange, in
eluding railway, telegraphs, telephone
and all the machinery of money, For it
la self evident that if by mean of the
instruments of exchange specially favor
ed and wealthy individual are to bo al
lowed to collect tribute above the coat
of service, whoever is thus forced to
ubmit to the exaction of a favored
few I not a free citizen. Who doe not
know that the tribute tbu exacted i
tbe cause of all economio inequality
among us? And who I there tbat cannot
see that tbla Inequality ia aeoured by
first depriving the citizen of blaaelf
evident, inalienable, indefeasible and
constitutional right to free exohangoT
I bavo endeavored to state the truths
in few words, thus! Publio thing to
th publio ; private affair to th indi
vidual All right can readily be ocured wi
der tbo fbrma of law now provided
whenever tbo people bavo the virtu
and tbo oonrag to demand their 000
titutional right by peraiitenlly assert
ing tbemaelviov . hont men should
and as brav men wilL
, On considering man' relation to the
oil two right plainly appear firat,
the right of tho individual to tbo no of
natural opportunities for lf rapport,
or tbe preservation of life; secondly,
tb right of organised aooiety to what
ever may be necessary for publio use,
it being understood that the rigbt to
occupy and use only is held by man.
Tbe right of tbe publio to land 1 sim
ple; as Puine hns it, the right of indi
vidual "brought to a focus." Tberight
of the many to any particular spot or
piece of hum is, as a matter of course,
greater thuu thut of anyone individual,
provided it is needed for publio use.
On whatever laud is used or needed
for use by the publio, though nominal
ly in the possession of individuals, and
on whutever is held by individual in
excess of natural rigbt, tbe right of the
publio to levy taxation, or collect trib
ute, seems clear, taxation being iu real
ity an assertion of sovereignty. On laud
held, used and occupied by the ludivid
oal citizen aa a necessary means of sup
port, and uot needed for publio use, th
right of taxation doe not obtain, from
tbe absence of just ground for Its exer
cise. Tbe individual in this case is sim
ply in possession of an iualienabl
rigbt, tho rigbt to apply labor to natu
ral opportunities for self support, and
this fundamental natural right not oven
tbe publio can rightfully abridge 01
deny,
Tbe better to explain my meaning
have here et forth a proposed constitu
tional amemlment. Properly, a cotisti
luliou should bo malulya bill of right,
llvuce hero ia lb place for tbe state
ment of a fundauiauul right. Each
tale should ill the amouut exempted
at whatever sum may be sufficient to
cover enough land tie self support, and
no mora. Frotu a eomewbal ei tended
Inquiry I am outtviuced that tbe pro
vision here set forth, it enacted into
law, would lill leave, wiks any propel
estimate, or a ual, atuteuih oi
land value Mill iwbjsvl la tilbi
rbuU iariTrTIUAl. AMtl
Bovtlo I-Km! , k4 ted ad )
H,nuk to NtO ! l a tm t
oa4 tbMM4 k44 tiwUw
t4i bakt, VkmI, a4 wwesbNt m faml bat
M bmi4 bf f ! 4 ft tM Hm
Of. tb bt t kwa tamil bad to IIIom
ml tbe t eitwl uJ tb ImIiim
Wo, hi bH bM mImI ftwas all t
ItMOaT ! hia4s4 ( to Uoe
r?alo4 Ibat U ku4 a4 Mtwtl
SUM m or oa! b-4 sabiw at buo
aa, aa ! loo4 a4 imwia4 la
attta. U atiM, Maa, tiMS0
a mm aatviai awolta) wt e,0Ma
M wllltOMm M4los alaaaa baaa4 t4
om at babf aa aaw4 tiwa tb
yoanMj ik a, uaaai
swim ta itt al ? bMattf V
Mik4 M I a4 I to alfc k t lb a
bMii ai mil a 4 buintaat, batV Mat
m4 ata4 a eaaimtbn la aa4 imm I
4 iwl at aa MMltae tw tow
tal ba4ra aVlloae tbtbaji aaali a
aavtJ a Voia4 bl nana a ),
aS aM tf t atba b4wt t
boiao a ItlMiM, vaW a
e MaaakMl tf tbo Swaaaixe of I
aa rw tbi MUaH aikail bat baa
to a..a fwaw bJ tb sa.1 al tki atata
Wa ill k - tb We'aialara aboU ba
ba aaat all la st to tea
tb lalaot sod taaoatof al tM ataKaaa
al lb eaal
TRY GRAIN-0! TRY GRAM!
k yoor Orocar today to aho voa a paakoa
of ORAIN-O, the naw food drink tbat teka M
placa ot aofls. Tha ahlltlraa mar drink It witfe
oat lnar a wall a tb adalt, AH who trj lb
Ilk It. OR4IN-0 ha that rich anal brewa el
Hoabs or Java, bst It Is mad iron par rralnoj
aad tb moat dolliMtt stoma raeai rta It llb
oat ltrs. M tk prteo ol aoH. Ita, m
saal par paakaea. Bold b all ror.
Postal bonk In Mow Zoaiaao.
Tho New Zealand postoffioe aavings
bank was established Feb. 1, 1867, with
46 branch offices situated in variou
part of the colony. That tho publio
were not alow in showing their appre
ciation of the bank wa ahown by tho
fact that Deo. 81, 1867, or 11 months
after ita establishment, there were 9, ISO
depositor with 71,107 14. Id. tand
ing at their credit, or an average of 88
0. fid. for each depositor. Tho total
number of transaction for tho period
named wa 6,077 deposit, representing
06,878 7. 10d., and 1,010 withdraw
all, amonutiug to 26,418 18. Od. Tha
average amount of tho deposit and
withdrawals wa 18 16. 8d. and 11
15. 8d. respectively,
Tho business of tho bank ha steadily
increased your by year, nntil at the end
of 1806 there were 871 branch offloe,
with 147,758 depositor, tho amount
tanding at tbeir credit being 4,811,
684 18. Od. Tbe average amount tend
ing to the credit of each open account
Duo. 81 wa 110 8. 7d.
A Popular Bapronae Court,
Senator Marlon Butler of North Caro
lina ha introduced a Joint resolution
in tbe senate wbicb calls for th aub
missiou of an amendment to tho conati
tation of the United State. Mr. But
ler'a amendment providea for tho lo
tlon of th member of th tupremo
court by popular vote. He would dis
trict tho oountry, making aa many dis
trict a there were members of tha
court, with tho exception of tbo chief
justiceship, which position is to bo fill
od by popular vote of tbo ontlr ooun
try. Tbo terms of tbo Justices are fixed
in tho resolution at eight ver.
EvtrybcdTsUrsC.
Caaoarot Candy Cathartic, tho aaott
wonderful medical dlaoovery of tb
pleasant and rafmhlug to tb tato, aei
(rati aad poltivly on bidaays, livwr,
aad bowsia, eUamdng tb mtlr ayatMb,
d lapel aolda, nn baadaeh, favor, bg.
aai eoMtipatioa and billlownos. Iter-
buy and try a box of C, C. C. today 19k
85, 80 ami. Sold aad areata t
nn by all drtgiata.
The Beak Klag at Work.
Th New York National Bankars' as
sociation ia aendlng out circular to all
tbe bankera In tbe country asking them
to protest against postal banks, Tbo
protest i being pretty generally Indors
ed by tbe banker of tb country, a
might b expected, 1
BaiD4 bjr Fopallaaa.
Wage are being scaled down in Now
England. In the "anarchistic" state of
Colorado wage are creeping np a little
-every day. Tbe wage of common labor
are IS percent higher today than a year
ago. Draw your own ooncluaion.
Denver Koad.
Caaeareta atimilat Hnr, kidaeya arnst
bowels; aovor ka, weaken or ripa.lCg
j wtj wj t, ya
h I HAYE FOR SALE
A LOT OF
0
of both aai-a. ol Fra Trade, Wllko aad
t). a. atralaa tbat I vlll sail vary ahaap
foaadaUoa a lock tor bartf aapaalajt
Will aall boo bra to aoaa ot Klatar'a
Modal. tha M ko, aad CkM Tacaataab
a,ibastaiat roisBa-Chlaaaogooaortb.
AUD RES 11 -
LH.SUTER.NelIxh.Neb.
Tho Now.
Union .
EiOSVATEII)
M now or.
It rutu on Van Buna St.. Dinctl
la front of thi
Chicago,
Rock Island
and Pacific
STATION.
r . arrltlM t (aMgii , bf
Ibe ao I aloa t.1eval4 ltfv reaei any
part of Ibe aily i,M a Itoosat tare
ta be teka ttuaalMtiait to aay el tbe
large m la iaa deea taitrs.
44 I WkI TmiM iil bp at a
"IU lalaad HietHMb. Trata
alaaMk lUoareMi)iijr,a ola)l
bsmi by tk; f raat kUb IstaaJ bt"
II si 'U mi geooil etaMfbtf
K'f tU saU al e a o
t o ere mm d 1 bicegA et toewsat la
vsjwOuta, akb'h )! y Jttatabat
faaa4kaaa abwat laa4
l 4H aad MevabMl b
Tbat omp to eboaid ba, & yv
avetHtiiat ibeeitr tianrtbi
t It, abotao m hvo la lktr-Vi
aadyo y wta4a eataila.
rnabia a iria. Aidr JvMt lUb
Ttk. . r. 4 (TllJbgK
r
POLAND-CHiriA
