THE EDKASKA INDEPENDENT.
Feb. 4. 117
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CALTHOS
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Lit it and pay if tattiUd.
VON MOHU CO., 304 B,
WRITTEN BY HISTORIC HANDS.
Iettore by Wihlnrton, Lafayatt
od
Rnllct Arnold,
Three original letters, one by Wash
ington, one by Lafayette, and one by
Benedict Arnold are attracting much
attention here in a down-town show
window, says a Washington, Penn.,
correspondent to the l'hila. Press.
They are the property of Thomas
Morgan, who secured them from Gen
eral Morgan, of Mt. Vernon, Ohio.
The writing of Washington and Arnold
is very plain, while thatof Lafayette
is very difficult to decipher.
Washington's letter in to Colonel
- George Morgan at Princeton. I; says:
Mr. : I received your favor of the
9th inst by Captain Dige. It will be
convenient for me to site the Delaware
chiefs and those who attend them at head
quarters to-morrow evening at S o'clock.
The whole or part may come as will be
most agreeable to them and you will be
pleased to accompany them.
' I am, your most otedient servant,
"Oh Washington."
The Arnold letter reads as follows:
(Benedict Arnold to the Continental Hoard of
War.)
"A captain and fifty men should be. left
at Kiskaskiss, on the Mississippi, 110 miles
above the Ohio, to secure the pass. As it
is very probable that there may be a Brit
ish frigate, or one or two armed sloops at
Fensacola, I think it will be necessary in
telligence, for which purpose an officer
should be immediately dispatched to New
Orleans to treat with the governor, who I
am informed, is inclined to favor the ex
pedition. Colonel Morgan, who is well
acquainted with the ditliculties and route
attending the expedition, is the best judge
of the time it will necessarily take up,
also the quantity of provisions and the
best method of procuring it, as well as the
boats. I have not entered into the min
utes of the affair, as I conceive Colonel
Morgan, from his intimate acquaintance
with the country, &c, more capable of
doing.
"I am, sir, your obediont humble ser
vant, "B. Ahnoi.d."
The letter from Lafayette is as fol
lows: (Lafayette to Col. Morgan.)
, "Faius, February the 10.
"The enclosed, my dear General, is a
vocabulary which the Empress of Russia
has requested me to have filled up with
Indian names, as she has ordered an unl
u versal dictionary to be made of all lan
guages, it would greatly oblige her to col
lect the words she sends, translated into
the several idioms of the nations on tb
banks of the Oglo. Poesley Nevila at Mor
gan's at Fort Pitt, Mutleberg of Fayette
county, and one other friend could under
take it for us, and be very attentive to
accuracy. I beg your pardon, my dear
general, for the trouble I give you, but
have ben so particularly applied to that
I can not dispose without paying great at
tention to the business. This goes with
so long an epistle of mine that I thank
you. Herewith my best love and wishes
and am, my dear general, '
; "Your respectful and tender friend,
i "Lafatktts."
THRUSH AND THE SNAlw.
Bow the Intelligent Itlrl Managed to
Break tho ShMl.
"It is, I think, well to record the
following observations of the intelli
gence of ' the thrush, " says John
Hoskyns-Abrahall in a letter to Na
ture. "The first happened on June
28, 1865. I then saw, from the win
dows that look out on the little lawn
north of toy house, a thrush steadily
stepping westward in front of the
hedge that parts the lawn from the
publio road. The bird seemed to be
intentionally making for a gravel path
that after passing almost close to the
windows, bends to tho northwest to
ward the small gate of my front gar
den. It was, bearing something in its
bilL On coming to the path it at
tempted to break this on a stone. It
did not succeed. It then tried anoth
er stone. This time it succeeded.
Thereupon it flew away.
On the spot I found a remarkably
big stone embedded in the path and
round it were scattered bits of snail
shelL The bird had eaten the BnaiL
The second of the observations I
would note, and the more striking of
the two, happened on June 3. 1890.
I then was viewing the gravel path
from the westernmost of the four win
dows. Just beneath ma standing on
the path was a female thrush. She
had succeeded in breaking a snail
shell. She had the snail in her bill
But despite vigorous efforts, she could
not swallow it Up hopped a male
thrush. Standing before the female,
he opened his bilL She dropped the
snail into his bill. He chewed the
snail. He dropped it back into the
female's ready bill. She swallowed
it The pair blithely trotted off, side
by side, toward the small gate. I saw
.them no more."
Dr. Clyde Davis, dentist, Richards filk.
Old Civil Engineer Dies.
uT. Loots, Mo., Jan. 22. Colonel J.
B. Moulton, one of the most prominent
civil engineers in the West, died here
yesterday, aged 87 years. In 1836
Colonel Moulton constructed the Lex
ington & Frankfort railroad, of which
Henry Clay was the president He
was afterwards chief engineer of the
Iron Mountain railroad, notfa part of
the Wabash system, besides a numbed
of other roads.
W"aSAVINGS"
Clothing; &oo suits tor $4.95
HameSS..... ....tl0.00 Harness lor $5.25
Sewing Machines ,ta!"!$7.So
Watches ..110.00 watches tor $5-25
A catalogue ful 1 of the best ynlnes ever offered J
at factory price. Slrnd 4 cent In MimpiV
for this valuable book and buy youpeupplles dl- I
reet from the manufacturer, aaaros
H. C LEECH CO..
Dept. , 183-1H5 Dearborn Street, Chicago, 111.
MACKO THE PATRIOT.
TORIES OF HIS EFFORTS TO
FREE HIS NATIVE CUBA.
Soma Fart About tho Personality of
tho Leader of the Revolutionist An
Adventure in too Utile War A Nar
row Eacapo.
OW that Anto
nio Maceo is dead,
everybody is in
quiring what man
ner of man be was.
ner of man he was,
says an editorial
printed Just after
bis reported death.
The outlines of his
biography as a fac
tor in the cause of
Cuba Libre are
known. But beyond this notmng nas
yet been given to the American public
revealing the private Hie or tne L-uDan
general who held the flower of the
Spanish army at bay with such unex
pected success for so long a time.
There are not a half-dozen men in
America who have known Maceo per
sonally. Two of these, envied of Cu-.
bans, are Manuel M. Coronado, the ed
itor of the Havana paper La Discus
sion, who was forced to flee from Cuba
for his life on account of his papers
sympathy with the revolutionary cause,
and Antonio Bolet, who served on Gen
eral Jose Lacret's staff, and daily went
to Maceo's headquarters for orders.
Bolet Is a very young man. He was
captured by the Spaniards, but as his
Par in the West the dead day's pyre,
Between the spaces of the wood,
Burned low a dusky, sullen Are
Beneath the twilight's gathering
hood. '
But quivering in the dusk and gray
One star, that softly grew more
bright,
Gleamed like a promise of the night
Above the embers of the day.
II.
Before us lay the glassy stream,
A crystal path from shore to shore.
That seemed to hold it in a dream
Of limpid, laughing tides of yore.
And still, in memory of June,
The stars reflected held a "place,
While glimmered o'er its frozen face
The whiteness of the rising moon.
III. ,
With flashing feet we sped away
Along the silent, snow-clad shore.
That, gleaming in the moonlight, lay
Where swift our shadows ran be-,
fore!
But though the shore was still and
white,
father is a friend of the Spanish author
ities in Havana, young Antonio suf
fered only deportation to Spain. He
fled from that country at the first op
portunity, coming to New York, and
now it is his intention to take the next
filibustering boat to Cuba.
Mr. Coronado saw Maceo last Janu
ary on one of the days when the latter
was in consultation with General Go
mez in the Havana Province about fut
ure campaigns. This was before Maceo
had advanced westward into Pinar del
Rio Province. He appeared to the ed
itor as full of vigor, health, and un
bounded faith as to the ultimate suc
cess of the Cuban arms. Mr. Coronado
had known Maceo before the meeting;
GEN. MACEO.
had entertained him at his house, and
had learned to have a great respect for
his personality. It was about five years
ago, when Maceo was visiting promi
nent Cubans In Havana, that Mr. Coro
nado saw him almost daily. He says
that Maceo was a natural politician In
that he had the genius of divining pop
ular opinion and taking the leadership
of popular movements. He was in Ha
vana at that time sounding men and
scheming for the present revolution.
He was always of the sunniest disposi
tion, says Mr. Coronado, closely attach
ing all the people to him; a man of the
strictest moral integrity; he never
drank wine, he never smoked, and that
in a land where tobacco Is as common
as potatoes in Ireland; and he never
played cards. He had a great abhor
rence of men who drank to excess, and
would not tolerate them about him.
Mt 7f
After fhe prace or pact of Saujoo,
as it is sometimes called, which closed
the war of 1878, there was what is
termed by the Cubans "the little war."
A few of the more stubborn chiefs re
fused to treat on any other terms than
independence for the island, and, hav
ing but little faith in the promises of
Spain through General Martinez Cam
pos, waged an active guerrilla warfare
for fully a year after. One of the best
known leaders, perhaps the foremost
one in this "little war," was Antonio
Maceo. On a clandestine visit to one of
his many silent adherents, accompan
ied only by two of his faithful and de
voted soldiers, he was surprised by a
squad of nine "guardla clvlles" while
at dinner with his host, a small coffee
planter. The sentinel had barely time
to warn him before the house was sur
rounded, and the Spanish sergeant,
from behind a protecting mango tree,
summoned Maceo and his two men to
surrender. Knowing what the conse
quences would be for his host, his wife
and their child, a boy of seven, if they
were taken, his first thought was for
their safety; and. bidding them to leave
by the rear, if his ruse was successful,
he calmly told the sergeant of his will
ingness to discuss the terms of his sur
render. After some parley at long dis
tance, Maceo proposed that he and hl3
escort lay down their rifles, the guardla
clvlles to do tho same in plain sight.
The sergeant consented to this, and
upon the terms being carried out prom
ised freedom to his escort and good
treatment to Maceo. The latter asked
for a few minutes to consider the prop
osition, and marched back with his es
cort into the house, leaving the rifles
outside. The sergeant waited until, be-
0..1 a.
No summer song was e'er more sweet
Than that clear music which out
feet
Sent ringing to the winter's night!
IV. '
We felt the rushing wind go by,
As round some bend wifv quicken.
ing stride
We swept, and heard the pine-boughj
sigh
That-leaned across the frozen tide;
Until the ever-broadening stream
Stretched straight before to meet th
bay, '
That in the magic moonlight lay
In sliver silence, all a-dream!
V.
And when at last we homeward turned,
With eager, yet reluctant feet,
Our pulses glowed, our faces burned, 1
And life felt buoyant, strong and
sweet!
Within the house one beacon-light
Its vigil kept; within the grate
The fire burned low the hour was
late
But health's best sleep was ours 'that
night! ,
Charles Gordon Rogers, in Outing.
coming impatient, he again demanded
surrender, to meet with the information
that the owner of the plantation had es
caped and the threat that within thirty
minutes Maceo's men would be there to
turn the tables. The capture of Maceo
meant promotion and a large reward,
and the sergeant decided to attack the
three men, who were armed at most
with revolvers and machetes.
The door, of the bouse had been In
vitingly left open, and into this the
Spaniards rushed, to be met near the
threshold with a volley of revolver bul
lets which laid four of them prostrate,
Five, however, gained entrance, to be
attacked with the terrible machete, and
of this number one recovered from his
wounds to tell of his experience. Ma
ceo escaped with a bullet in his shoul
der; one of his escort was killed on the
spot and the other died soon after from
his wounds.
Telephone Used In Teaching Deaf Mates,
The medical officer of one of the
leading deaf and dumb institutions of
England, writing to the London Lane
et, says he has obtained material
aid fro... the seeming improbable
source cf a loud-speaking telephone In
the treatment of his patients. In the
education of those deaf mutes who pos
sess a fragment of hearing power the
telephone possesses many important
advantages over the speaking tube
usually employed. First and foremost,
the wires from several receivers can
be coupled up to one transmitter, and
thus a teacher can instruct a group of
children at the same time; and, sec
ondly, It is not necessary for the teach
er to apply his mouth close to the
transmitter, so that pupils have a full
view of the. facial expressions and lip
movement, which is not possible when
he has to direct his voice into the
mouth-piece of a speaking-tube or
trumpet. The patient while seeing tho
movement of the lips has the sound
conveyed close to his ear drum, ob
vlously a most advantageous comblna
tlon.
Universal history, the history of what
man has accomplished In this world,
is at bottom the history of the great
men who have worked here.--Carlyle
ROW AMONG SAINTS.
FOLLOWERS OF B4IGHAM
YOUNGINA POLITICAL TANGLE.
Ooorf Q. Cannon Aspire to Be tha
Had of tho Church It Is Likely
That Ha Will gelza tho Belna at tha
Vint Opportunity.
Special Letter.
HE semi-annual
conference of the
Mormon Church
will be important
in its bearing, both
on the future of
the church and the
political future of
the State of Utah.
The most Import
ant question to be
settled by the con
ference is that affecting the status of
Apostle Moses Thatcher, who was
dropped from the quorum of twelve
apostles at the laet conference without
any reason for the action being given.
Counselor George Q. Cannon was re
sponsible for the omission of Mr.
Thatcher's name, and it is believed that
the reason lay in the political antag
onism of the two men.
The rivalry has been of many years'
standing, but it came to a climax laet
spring, when the heads of the church
decided to issue an address setting
forth their attitude in politics. They
laid down a rule that no officer of the
church should aept political office or
become active i 1 politics without ob
taining the contlnt of his superiors.
This rule would affect almost every
Mormon in Utah, of any prominence in
any business or profession.
Mr. Thatcher had been one of the
nominees for United States senator the
year before, and he and B. H. Roberts,
another high officer in the church and
candidate for congressman, . ascribed
their defeat to the interference of the
first presidency of the church in poli
tical matters. As a son of George Q.
Cannon was the avowed senatorial can
didate of the republicans for senator,
the father wae charged with aiding the
party.
Consequently, when Mr. Thatcher
was asked to sign the political mani
festo of the last conference, he regard
ed it as an anti-democratic document,
and declined to do so on the ground
that no man should be compelled to
ask. the "counsel" of any church offi
cial in any political matter. The non
Mormon republicans indorsed his ac
tion, but the church leaders took re
venge upon him.
An election of officers in the Mor
mon church is a farce. That is seen
at every conference. It is intended to
deceive. The only reason any for
mality attends it lies in the fact that
the church must elect officers at every
conference in order to hold its large
church property. The "slate" Is al
ways prepared by the first presidency,
composed of three men, who decide
who shall fill vacancies, and sometimes
GEORGE Q. CANNON.
(Tb Political Head of the Mormon
Church.)
what men shall be dropped. Cases of
dropping, however, are rare.
But there Is a feeling here that poli
tics is not all to blame for the deposi
tion of Moses Thatcher. It is believed
by both Mormons and gentiles that
Mr. Cannon aspires to reach the presi
dency of the church out of the order
whlcr has beet observed since the
death of Joseph Smith in Missouri and
the accession of Brigham Young. At
that time it was settled that the presi
dency must descend to the oldest apos
tle In service, and after the death of
Brigham Young John Taylor was made
leader. At the death of the latter the
office was given to Wilford Woodruff,
the present leader. But in every case
the president has been elected by the
twelve apostles, who thus have re
tained Jn their body the presumptive
right to .select their prophet. There
are many leading theologians in the
i-urch now who declare that the old
rule is not binding and that the quo
rum of the twelve may select whomso
ever it please. The question becomes
of vital interest now, as President
Woodruff is rapidly failing In health
and will probably die before the win
ter is over that is. before the next
conference. He is over 89 years old,
and has resigned himself to approach
ing death. In fact, he said many years
ago that he wished to live only until the
great temple in Salt Lake was finished,
go that he might preside over the dedi
cation ceremonies. His wish was grat
ified four years ago, and then declared
that he did not expect to live more
than a year.
Next in order under the old succes
sion comes Apostle Lorenzo Snow,
who Is almost fourscore years of age.
and who may not outlast President
Woodruff. After him comes Apostle
Franklin D. Richards, almost 75 years
old, but of rugged health and frame,
Ha would be succeeded by George Q
Cannon, whose present state of health
is not good.
Since the death of Brigham Youn
fleorge Q. Cannon has been almost s
;i:tme In the church. IJt.oie t.i.j
time be was a prominent f.pure, bu
was overshadowed by his leader. Johi
Taylor was a simple, stubborn man
but George Q. Cannon found no dlffl
culty In bending h'.m at will. Mr
Woodruff has been too old to look af
ter church matters ever since blj ac
cession, and so hie first counselor hat
been recognized all through the church
as the real power at its head.
Lorenzo Snow, the next in succession
for president, would be as pliable as
his two predecessors. He is very feeble
and very devout He has few ambi
tions for himself, and thus could b
brought to consent to policies that
would be represented as best for the
church.
But with the accession of Franklin
D. Richards the power of Mr. Cannon
would wane. Mft Richards has two
sons, as astute and ambitious as Mr.
Cannon, both prominent in the demo
cratic party, and one a senatorial can
didate. Politics therefore would di
vide him from Mr. Cannon, whose
son's ambition opposes his sons. But
more that that, the Richards family
has long resented the increased power
of the Cannon family. Therefore,
with his rivals once In the lead, Mr.
Cannon could not hope to shape the
policy of the church, and would be
compelled to take a subordinate posi
tion and simply wait until his turn
should come.
That he will accept such conditions
is not believed by men acquainted with
his character. His ambition for his
WILFORD WOODRUFF,
(President of Mormon Church, 89
Years Old.)
family and for himself and his vast
business interests in the state, which
can be helped by power in the church,
must suffer from inaction. So it is
supposed that Mr. Thatcher will be ex
pelled from the apostles, for he would
be the most potent opponent of a
change in the line of succession. Un
doubtedly an adherent of Mr. Cannon
will be appointed in his stead.
The effect of such action on the fu
ture politics of Utah can only be
guessed. It is believed that once in
full control Mr. Cannon would assert
the right of the church to control the
Mormon people in politics, as it has
controlled them in the past, and once
more the church and state would flour
ish in Utah.
CLARENCE EDDY HONORED.
The Noted Organise a .Member of tha
St. Cecelia Society.
(Chicago Letter.)
Clarence Eddy, the noted organist of
Chicago, who has been elected to hon
orary membership by the exclusive St
Cecelia Society of Rome, richly de
serves the eulogiums brought out by
the action of the Roman academy. Mr.
Eddy played before the great organ
ished those vho heard him broke forth
ists of the society and when he had fin
in lavish and spontaneous praise of his
genius. The members of the society
told him that the academy would he
honored by his acceptance of their in
vitation to become an associate. Mr.
Eddy studied music under Dr. Haupt of
Berlin. His personality is familiar to
all Chlcagoans who love the music of
the organ. When he first came to this
city to live he was an instructor in
Mrs. Hershey's musical school. That
institution was abandoned when its
proprietress became Mrs. Eddy, and
Mr. Eddy then began to be more widely
known as a musician. He was very
prominent in the first May festival held
CLARENCE EDDY,
here in 18S2. Among those with
whom he shared the praise of the peo
ple on that occasion were Anna Leuise
Carey, Emily Vincent Campanlni,
Mme. Materna and Myron W. Whitney,
the great basso. Mr. Eddy was also
prominent in the musical affairs of the
world' fair, and the growth of his
reputation has been steady and sure.
Inequality of the Limbs.
By actual measurement of fifty skele
tons, the right arm and left leg have
been found to be longer in twenty
three, the left arm and right leg in
six, the limbs on the right longer than
those or. the left in four, and in the re
mainder the inequality of the limbs
was varied. Only eeven out of seventy
skeletons measured, or ten per cent,
had limbs of equal length.
Every American warship
outfit of over 150 flags.
has an
TREES
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mi- .1.:.,. t. -m. tit inrirn nr piubia
C trier. Park or Cemetery. Wr.te lr Pnco
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YOUNGER S & CO., Geneva. Neh.
Kemoved.
Mc.Wney 4 Eager ha v movl their
Inw office to room 8, Newman block,
1023 O street.
S For business in
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Furnishings.
Job Work in any
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Chicago,Rock Island
Pacific Railway.
The Rock Island is foremost In adopting any
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JOHN SEBASTIAN, G.P.A..
Chicago.
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Bath House and Sanitarium
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aJananInt Fhystdaoa,
Homeseeker's Excursion.
Vfia thu Burlinirton, January 5. 19
February 2 and 10. On the above dates
the Burlington will sell round trip tick
ets at one fare plua $2 to all points in
Arkansas, Indian Territory, Oklahoma
and Jexas; also to mnny points in Ari.
iona, Louisana and New Mexico. For
lull information apply at B. & M. depot
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GLO. . liO.VNELL, Q. p. (! T. A
FRUIT
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