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About The Nebraska independent. (Lincoln, Nebraska) 1896-1902 | View Entire Issue (Dec. 24, 1896)
. 'J. THE NEBRASKA INDEPEDEN Dec. 24 1896 lUiir or Rpobllclm. Thetong expected decision in the sngar bounty warrant cats waa hnnW down late yesterday afternoon in the supreme court. Tbe opinion waa by Commission or Irvine, and the syllabus thereof is aa follow: "Session Laws 1893, chapter 1, pro , riding bounties for sugar manufactured in the state, carries no appropriation for the payment of such bounties, and there being no appropriation for that purpose) elsewhere the auditor has at present no authority to issue warrants in payment of such bounties. "2. Our constitution requires a spe cific appropriation made by 1 to au thorise the expenditure of public funds. In the absence of such an appropriation tbe executive officers have no power to make such expenditures, no matter how great may be the state's moral or legal obligation to pay. "3. An appropriation within the meaning of our constitution is the act ing apart by law of a certain sum from the public revenues for a specified pur pose, so that the executive officers are authorised to expend that money and no more for that purpose and no other. "4. An appropriation is not specific if it leaves the amount to be expended to be limited only by the amount of claims which may regularly be made upon it by the recipients; the amount of tbeseclaims - being tiueertain, "5. Appropriations can only extend to tbe end of the next fiscal quarter sue ceeding the adjournment of tbe next reg ular session ot the legislature. Therefore an act by its express terms enduring or a longer period cannot be construed as carrying an appropriation without mak ing it void as in conflict with the consti tution. ' . , "6. When certain lauguage is used in a statute, and language of a similar im port has previously been used in other acts and has received a practical inter pretation by the legislative and execu tive departments of the government, while such practical construction will not control the courts in construing the latter act, it will generally be presumed that the language of tbe latter act was adopted with a view to such practical construction given the earlier act." This suit was bronght by the Norfolk sugar company to compel Auditor Moore to Issue to it a warrant for 9805 bounty alleged to be due on sugar man ufactured by it during the closing days of 1895. Warrants for 147,007 had Already been issued by the auditor for the sugar output at Grand Island and Norfolk, but as the validity of the war rants had been questioned, this suit was arranged to test the validity of the warrants. Tbe decision invalidates the $47,007 warrants issued to the angar companies and nearly $10,000 issued for bounty on chicory. It is said that the bounty for the output of 1898 would reach nearly $150,000, for which, under this decision, no warrants can issue. As presented to the court the case did not involve the validity of a bounty law. The questions were simply whether or not, in tbe absence of a specific ap probation, an act not providing for the payment of a bounty authorised the drawing of warrants against the general fund of the state. The bounty act, by its terms, was to be in force for three years, 1895, 1896 and 1897, but the court holds thatCappropriations expire after the first fiscal quarter after the ad journment of the next regular session. It holds that the bounty act cannot be treated as an appropriation because it Is not certain and limited in its amount. It the legislature intended to act to operate as an appro priation it transgressed its powers. The court farther ; holds that, at the most, the provisions of the sugar bounty act only create an obligation and provide for the manner of its satisfaction when appropriations shall be made; that tbe legislature did not intend by the act to make an appropriation, and that it it did so intend, the appropriation would be void for uncertainty as to amount and because it transgroseed the constitu tional limit of time, Under the decision an avenue is open through wbich the coming session will be assailed with petitions to cure the de linquency. Strong pressure will be brought to bear to have the coming ses sion shoulder this burden upon the tax payers on the ground that the obligation naa been already created. , t WORTH KNOWINO. The big crop ot apples in Maine la making business lively for the rail roads. ' Commenting on the recent gift to Chicago university, the Boston Globe Jealously remarks: "Them as has, gits." . The outness of shipping moss for packing nursery stock and plants is de veloping quite an industry at Vicks- burg, Miss. George Washington's monument, on ftantfc mountain. Maryland, was Btruck v. Mitnlnr on Saturday night last and badly shattered. a Mirnnmi of hell has just been naintd bv a number ot Italian and Hungarian artists. They have King Humbert to inspect it asked Queen Victoria purchases almost every new book ot note published, and her expenditure on literature sorts is over 18.000 per annum. Borne American travelers stopping at Halifax agreed to make no pur ,.. - in the cltv at Btores where United States money was refused. A doctor, recently arrested In Dusel Anet ormanv. swindled the German people to such an extent that he be came rich, and had an income ot $100,- 000. Pictures have been obtained by the Roentgen rays through twenty-two Mmtlmetcrs. eight and one-halt inches. of plate Iron by Herr Dorman, ot Bre men. Tini rnif Justice Russell said, in Justice Kussen sua, in a speech on nis recent v . -- v- - lTnvllan man ruSI. TnuT U aacrince in income m taking the bench. , The city council of Waltham, Mass., U to care for the tomb ot General Kitfcaalel P. Banks, In Grove EMI trr. that city. It has been sosae- TneectedofUte. SOUTH A GOLCONDA. TT8 MOUNTAINS TEEM WITH PRE CIOUS STONES AMD METALS. Future MInloc Operations Will Be In the South Instead or the West Gold, Silver, Diamonds and Other Gems Aborad. KE of the mineralogies! ex parts of a large mining com psny has jnst returned to New York after aa extended trip through ibe fxratu ia tud interest of his organization, and, in speaking of the mineral resources in the South ern States, said: "I have passed throngh nearly all the mining sections of tbe South to examine the mineral products in the Interest of a number of capitalists, and, after a careful survey of ie field, it is my honest belief that the future mining operations of this country will be in the South instead of the West I found the Appalachian range partic ularly rich in all the auriferous and argentiferous ores, not only in Vir ginia, but throughout tbe whole length into Alabama. In Georgia the rich deposits are well known, and compan ies are now rapidly organizing to mine the various ores. In South Carolina the deposits of monaxite (crystals of a rare metal known as cerium, used only in chemistry, and worth $160 an ounce) have been found to valuable that a big industry has been built np in the Piedmont section. It is esti mated that this indnstry is now valued at several millions of dollars, although it is only a few years old. When I visited the fields everybody was look ing for monazite, and tbe business will bring in at least $100,000 to the Piedmont section this year.' Owners of apparently worthless 'and have let it oat to contractors at the , rate of $200 an acre, and these miners nuke big profits besides. A few years ago the owners would have been glad to have received $3 or $4 per aere for this land. "There is more gold in the Booth than any man ever imagined. Traces of it orop np in the most unexpected E laces, and there mnst be some valua le veins bid away ia the mountains that will some day be discovered and startle tbe country. . Cripple Greek will be nothing to the Southern gold fields after they have onoe been lo cated. It seems strange, bat the fact is nevertheless true, that the Sonth baa never been thoroughly examined for mineral and gold pioduots. Before the war everybody went West to find gold, and the Booth was given over to ootton, tobaooo, sugar and rioe. After the war olosed nothing was done lor a long time to develop the industries of the Southern States, bnt now we are beginning realise that a great, onW developed field spreads out before us. There are scores of gold prospectors traveling through the mountains of the South, looking for treasures that are sure to come to light some day. People speak about the future supply of gold being found in Afrioal Why, more gold is buried in the Appa lachian range of mountains, than they will find in Afrioa in the next 100 years. Bat the mountains are so vast, and the region so little known, that it will, take time to locate the best mines even after the prospectors have bee a attraoted to the place. "Another thing about the Southern mines is that many of the most pre cious stones have been picked up at various points, and where such jewels are spread out on the surface you can rest assured that there are others fur ther down under the ground. For in stance, At Corundum Hill some bfeauti ful sapphires have been found. Here are some that 1 secured from a miner. They were not mining for sapphires. but happened to- piok them up while mining for ores. Over 100 sapphires have been found at this place, aad most of them are valued at $50 to $100 and upward. But sapphires are not by any means the only preoious stones found in the South. Uenuine dia monds have been found in North Caro lina, and one miner secured a preoious gem that sold for $200. In Soufth Carolina and Georgia fine specimens of emeralds have also been taken from the ore mines. In fact, we have two mines that have recently been started for the purpose of digging oat the emeralds, for both the aqua-marine and the yellow beryl are found. In the last five years nearly $20,000 worth of emeralds have been mined. and they are among the best ever die covered in America. Garnets, of oourse, ere Mattered all over these rich auriferous fields, and we piok up sack large , genuine specimens that they prove very valuable. Ordinary small garnets are not worth much, bnt when you can mine them aa big as a bird's egg you are sure to find a profitable market for them. In Vir ginia garnets of wonderful size and brilliansy have been taken, and the coal fields of Alabama and Tennessee also abound in these products. Small specimens of diamonds have been found in ueorgia, and tnere are on doubtedly whole districts that could be prontaoiy nunea tor inese precious stones, "The fact is that we have a country capable of prodaoing all the preoious stones known to soienoe, but so muoh attention has been given to the 'min ing of iron, coal, oil, silver and gold 1 that the more precious produots of the rocks have been neglected. X re- di.tWlv in California, wham tha cold fever was at its hefcrht. miners I " . .... T thMwttra aATAi-iI fairW rood aneoimane at diamonds, bnt in their erase for the yellow metal they paid no attention to tne precious stones, xney anew mu about gold mining, but nothing about diamonds. Now that the gold fields have been exhausted. I guess many of fiam wish they had stopped and poc keted some of the precious tiey threw away. If we mac as mining as they do in South Africa, w wonld find this country mnch richer in materials than anybody anticipates. I The precious stones are not alwaye found wrere the pmd and coal fields are located. It needs distinct maohin- j ery and methods, and this is the only way that we can ever hope to develop the (rem resources of this country. ) The company which I have been trav- ' ehng for has already made negotia tions forjarge tracts of the mineral land along the Appalachian systam, and it will make immediate efforts t- develop the mines. I have no doubt that tuey will strike mamy unexpected fields of prec'oas gems, and tuo eono- trvwili set a new idea of the resources ' of the mines of the South." Phila- delphia Times. Food Value ot I raits. Dr. Duponry, a French physician, considers in an article printed in a Paris jonrnal tbe hygienic value of fruits. While he concedes to tnem an important place in alimentation, he deprecates their nutritive importance. To sustain his contention he quotes Brillet-Savarin, who finds it difficult in oar present state of civilization to imagine a people existing exclusively on fruits and vegetables. Such a peo ple, Savarin believes, would inevita bly succumb to those who ate meat. The Hindoos, for example, were easily vanquished by every carnivorous Na tion by whom they were attacked. Savarin cites other oases, where races devoted to a fruit and vegetable diet have encountered a similar fate and were held, in bondage - until they adopted the food of their conquerois. when they beoame valiant and aggress ive. That a meat diet is not always productive of this result, we have an example in Highland Eskimos, who subsist entirely on .flesh, bat are peaceful, unwarlike and gentle to the highest degree. Dr. Duponry divides fruits into five classes, eaoh of which possesses a speoial hygienio value the acid, the sweet, the astringent, the oily and the mealy. To the first, including cher ries, strawberries, raspberries, goose berries, peaches, apples,, lemons, and oranges, he accords great merit. Chorries, however, he prohibits en tirely to those affected with neuralgia of. the stomach. Strawberries and raspberries he reoommends warmly to those ot bilioaaj plethoric and gouty temperaments, and denies them to those in whom diabetes is present or suspected. Of the sweet fruits h considers that plums are of speoial hygenio value, and even a preventive of gout and artioular rheumatism. 1 To the grape he accords the very first ! nlooe. As this is the season for that remarks thereon are partio ularly applicable. He is an ardent advocate of what in Europe isoalled the mv9 cure In thia onrft apeg or renA daTB form the exclusive jimeyit. The patient commences with the consumption ot from one to two pounds daily, with a gradual in crease to eight or ten pounds. ; After a few days of this diet a marked im provement in the general health is noticeable. The appetite; improves, the digestion becomes easy and rapid and increased capaoity to withstand the fatigue of outdoor exeroise is noticeable. The grape cure is par ticularly recommended to the snaemic dyspeptic, and consumptive in diseases of the liver and in gout. Electricity in War. Who will say that electricity may not yet be brought into use to turn aside even the heaviest projectiles that may be sent hurling from the largest and most accurately aimed modern guns? At an experiment with army rifles near Berne, Switzerland, it was found that all the ballets went wide of the targets. Investigation showed that, parallel to the range, and at a short distanoe from it, there was an eleotrio line, which had caused the bullets to deflect from their course. In order to test the matter, the military authori ties laid four steel eables at a distance of about forty yards from the range, whioh waa a little less than 300 yards yards in length. The cables were then charged with a strong current and the firing was resinned. It was then as certained that the deflection for the distance, 730 feet, was about seventy feet; when a longer range waa used the deflection was proportionately ' in creased. In some experiments with artillery at a range of 3000 yards it found that tbe deflection amounted to no less than fourteen degrees. An Army in the field may yet be protected against bombardment through this invisible force fat more completely than by the strongest tor tifioations that man can construct. Boston Globe. Expert Shoplifting. A new and ingenious scheme has recently been developed by expert shoplifters in Eastern cities, 'iray employ a sweet-'aoed ohild, who en ters a orowded store, carrying a large paper bag, -from whioh tbe odor of onions and otner vegeutoiea is very I pronounoed. The chief passes her 1 spoils to tne giri, wno pieces mem in the bag under the vegetables. By this means they have for some time succeeded in deceiving the polios, and in one instance deoeived a deteotive, even when such a bag had been opened on suspicion. A Long Distance Ride. I A smart Ions di A smart long distanoe side he been completed by uerman Uhlan ofSoer I .... . . on his military oharger. His NSlinent owns King Humbert aa 'honorary ohief, so the oQoers decided to send 1 wew uurtuiw w jev on the marriage or we mm 01 Naples, Lieutenant CoTaaaa being uerooeau ue way from his at raulqnemont, Lorraine, te Use e resiaenoe Uaese 4S7 mil maaaeugt. csnrfcom AJtZZ te so&72a't the 1 mice. The sultan of Turkey is now threat ened with insanity. ; The world is always hungry Ideas, either wise or grotesque. for Really dangerous opponents gener ally have a proxy to carry out their plans. The man who uses words to dodge ideas does not last long in this age and generation. " Ju wmnoi compiimeni mu vu 'anything except hit clothes preserve charitable silence. The world has; too' many people who cannot keep their personal spites out of work they are paid to perform.. The best answer that a wife can get to her letters to her husband when she is away from home , is a good-sized check. If Abraham Lincoln really told' all the stories that are attributed to' him, it is hard to see how he found; time to do anything else. . It is not true that the physician- who advises his patients to take to the' wheel for exercise always gets a com mission from the local bicycle agent. The wedding of Jean de Reszke and , Countess de Mailly is said to have been very quiet, from which we infer that Jean did not go after any of his high' notes. , It cost a Chicago man $5 and costs the other day to learn what an eye" opener is, hut that' was only his first payment and the eye-opener comes on the Installment plan. - The young women who plays Wag ner and Chopin up to midnight five, nights out of six ought at least to con sider the feelings of the neighbors enough to get her old piano tuned. The newspapers are printing an item the effect that Editor Dana "pays from $1 to $5 for a poem." Poor old man! He Is sure to be buried now un derneath 'an avalanche of manu scripts. A jealous St. Louis husband fired four shots at his wife, either of which would have been fatal had not the bul lets struck her corset stays and been deflected. No dress-reformer will ever be able to convince that woman that corsets are not healthful. Rev. T. J. Dodd of Fairburn, Ga., un dertook to straighten out a tangled love affair In his flock, and when the old folks" heard of it they had in fluence enough to get the church to re quest his resignation. He wishes now that he had "never seen the girl." Nothing rankles in the heart like in justice. Try to understand the motives. of conduct, and never doubt the word, or refuse to accept the explanation of. erring children. They may deceive you; but trusting them will make them true, while continual doubt will make the noblest sly and deceitful. Give them the benefit, always, of any doubt to their conduct, and they will: strive to be what you think they are. Mrs. Schiller, a widow residing in Summerfield, 111., was clubbed into in-. sensibility by burglars, who had en tered her house, AH her money wad then stolen. Bloodhounds put on the trail ran to the residence of a leading citizen. The marshal thought the pups must be mistaken, and tried again. They repeated it twice, much s to the amusement of the friends of the-lead ing citizen who know he is , not that kind of a citizen. Organized labor has won another, vic tory crer the Carnegie company;. The? labor unions of Detroit, at the instiga tion of the Amalgamated Association of Iron and Steel Workers,. Insisted! upon the material for the- new. Way-no County building being- made- to , & union mill. The commissioners; agreed to this, and when the bide were opened few days since the offer- of tits' Car negie company, although below all oth er bids, was thrown, out,, and! the eoa tract awarded to a union concern. An unsuccessful' attempt at whole sale poisoning by parts green was dis covered at Almond,. Wis.. While pre paring a can of. milk foe shipment" John Blbby, a wealthy milk shipper, no ticed a peculiar colur,. aad; on Investi gation found, a large quantity of parts green and salt scattered, at the bottom ot the can. John. Burns another farm er, found a score of piles ot par Is green and salt scattered In his pasture land. and Thomas Brown lost five of the most valuable cows of his herd from the same poison, deposited , by un known parties en his grazing range. The two-acre map of the heavens in Paris la about completed. It will be the most remarkable and instructive astronomical scheme ever devised and carried out, and now In the light ot the tremendous success which it is certain to be, American astronomers doubtless regret that the United States was the only country to refuse to participate in Its construction. The observatories which share the honors of this great achievement are those at Rome, Paris, Greenwich, Potsdam, Bordeaux, Ton louse, Cataline, , Oxford, Helslngford, Algeria, San Fernando, Tacubaya, San ttago (Chile), La Plata, Rio de Janeiro, Otpe of Good Hope. Sydney and Mel bourne. Bach ot these observatories wd bear th cost of Its own portion ani wUl deliver it at its own expense trawis et the Paris observe- To be a lion, is to have a lion's ene-1 CL MIS (Concluded from last week.) OFFENSIVE FAKTISAK9HIP. Ttie progress made in eirll service reform furnishes a cause for tbe ntmoM congratu lation. It has survived; tbe doubts of its friends as well as tbe ranaor of lt enemies; and haa gained a permanent place among the agencies destined to cleaaee our politic and Improve, economize and elevate the public service. There are now in the com petitive clasblned service upwards of 84.000 places. More than balf of these have been included from time to time since March 4, 1893. A most radical and sweeping exten sion was made by executive ortfr dated, tbe 6th day of May. 1896. And If fourth class postmasterships are not Included la the statement it may be said tb at piratically all positions contemplated by the civil ser vice law are now classined. Abundant rea sons exist for including these postmaster ships, based upon economy, improved ser vice and the peace and quiet of neighbor hoods. It, however, obstacles prevent such action at present I earnestly hope that con gress will, without increasing postofflce ap propriations, so adjust them as to permit in proper cases a consolidation of these postoffices to tbe end that through this pro cess tbo result desired may to a limited ex tent be accomplished. Tbe civil service rules as amended during tbe last year provides for a sensible-and uniform method of promotion, basing elig ibility to better positions upon demon strated efficiency and faithfulness.' The absence of fixed rales on this subject has been an Infirmity in the system more and more apparent, its other benefits have been better appreciated. The advantage of civil service methods in ibeir business aspects are too well understood to require argu ment Their application has become. a ne cessity to the executive work of the, govern ment But those who gain through the operation of these methods should be made to understand that the non-partisan scheme through which they receive their appoint ments demands from them, by way of re ciprocity, non-partisan and faithful pei formance of duty under every administra tion, and cheerful fidelity to every chief. While they should be encouraged to de cently exercise tbeir rights of citizenship and to support through their suffrages the political beliefs they honestly profess, tbe noisy, persistent and partlsan'employe, who ; loves political turmoil and contention, or who renders lax and grudging service to an administration not representing his political views, should be promptly and fearlessly dealt with In such a way as to furnish ai warning to others who may be likewise dis posed. THE TARIFF LAW. I;desre to recur to the statements else where made concerning the government's receipts and expenditures for the purpose of venturing upon some suggestions touch ing our present tariff law and its operation. This-statute took effect on tbe 28th day of August. 1894. Whatever may be Its short comings as a complete measure of tariff reform.it must be conceded that It has opened the way to a freer and greater ex change of commodities between us and other countries, and thus furnished a wider mar ket Jorour products and manufactures. The only entire year during wnlcn mis law haa been in force ended on the 80th day of June, 1896 In that year our imports in creased over those of the previous year more than 16,600,000, while the value of tbe domestic products we exported and which found markets abroad was nearly 170,000, 000 more than during the preceding year. Those who insist that the cost to our peo ple of articles coming to them from abroad for their neeatui use snouia oniy De in creased through tariff changes to an extent necessary to meet the expenses ot tne gov ernment, as well as those who claim that tariff charges may be laid upon such articles beyond the necessities of government revenue, and with the additional purpose 01 so Increasing their price in our markets as to give American manufacturers and pro ducers better and more profitable opportu nities), must agree that our tariff laws are only primarily justified as sources of revenue to enable the government to meet the naces sary expenses of "its maintenance. Consid ered as to its sufficiency in this aspect the present law can by no means fall under just condemnation. During tne oniy complete fiscal year of its operation it has yielded only 18,000,000 more revenue than wa re nived from tariff duties in the Drecedins ear.. There was, nevertheless, a aencit De- ween our recemts ana expenses 01 a uiue more than 25,000,000. This, however, was tmt: imp vnected. The situation was such on December last, seven months before the close of the fiscal year, that tne secretary 01 tne treasury foretold a deficiency of 17,0O0,00O. The neat and increaslne apprehension and fimtrittv In taiRiness circles and the depres siott .in all activities intervening since that time, resulting irom causes jtuauj icu understood and entirely disco anec tea with our tariff law or operation seriously checked the imports we would have otherwise re ceived and readily account for the differ ence between this estimate of the secretary and tbe actual deficiency as wen asiora nnntinned denr.it. . Indeed, it must oe coniessea mai we eouiu hardly have bad a more unfavorable period than the last two rears for tbe collection ol Uanted-An Idea: I Who cn think of msm simple tolas to Mtentr mat Ideas: ther may ttrtnecyos wesitn. Wrtta JOHN WBDDERBUBlf ft-OO- Ptt Attor- neve. Wasbuston, o. v. thair S1JNU prise offa t of two bundled Inventions wanted. , GTEEL . Picket La-Fence WED Steel Posts, inowtip Ana times. M to IS In. hi r. . - - .-Mr . oncoi oif iVj in wwu in the District Oourt of Lancaster County Nebraska- LEGAU NOTICE. T). B. Welch. Plaintiff. WardS. M Sis aoit BarafcE. Mills, his wife. Roale U Hall "and Slav Hall her husband flint name unkaowav Asidiew Miles, Executor Trustee. Continental Rttlldtswr A Loan Aeeocla- tlon, and Frank TaoBaeom. Executor, and Joe- R. Lai.e, Administrator 01 tne estate 01 jame Tbompson, deceased iwenaante. To the defends). Roeie L. Hall. Mr Hall. ber boebane, Srnt ame unknown. Andrew Miles. Bxecotor. Trustee. Continental Bulidlnc 1 .oen AMtooianon. ana rraas i oompeon, i eatot.AJne It Lane, Administrator ol tb es tate of Janwa Tboidmob. deceased: Tse above naaiea aeteaoants win is se notice that on the 21st dav of December. 1896. B. B Welcb. plaintiff herein Sled his petition la tbe district court of Lancaster eonntj, Nebraska, ualnatWara g.Mllls.und Barab Jfi. Mills nil wife. and the above naseedldefendants, the obtact and Draver of wblcn la to foreclose acerraia mono-age exeewted b.v the defendants. Ward 8. MM and Harah E. Mllla. to tne plaintiff herein nnon l.ot 4. Block is. Lincoln, Lancaster coantr, Nebraska, aeeordlns; to tne recorded plat thereof, to eeenre the navment of one womleeorr note ol S2.MS. wits tea interest ronpons Tnere to atiacnea oi the enta ol ITS each; the principal thereof being doe on the Bret day ol July , 189v the interest thereon navable semi-annually: that the defendants Kave defaulted la tbe payment ot the Interest coupon flse and payable July 1st, 18DS, and have failed, neglected and retaeed to pay tbe taxes and assessments thereon for h yearn 18S4. ISM aad 18tM, and under by tlrtue ot eaid mortgage, tbe plaintiff baa elected to declare tne whole sum aaenred by said mortcage.due and payable; and that there la now due and parable thereon lbs sum ot f 1,140. with Interest at T per cent from Deem bar tlst, ISM. The DlalntlB prays for a decree of foreclosure aad sale aad that his mortgage be declared to be a tret lies oa eetd pram lees, Tou are required to answer aaJd petition oa or before toe Brat day of Fettraary. 17. D. B. Welsh, PlWatlt, by Baa Altschukr, his attorneys. steel bus anaa iiaatgsi steei Tree, Tomato Oamrds. Cabled field and Cos b. Fooltm. Guntra and Babbit laxm revenue, we cannot reaaonaoiy ae-s that our recuperation from tbe business 6e Dreaston will be sudden, but it has alreadr set in with s promise of acceleration r ' continuance I believe our present ta law. If allowed a fair opportunity, will mt. sear future vleld a. revenue wbica, witi cva-eaably economical expenditures, overcome all deficiencies. 1 " In the meantime no deficit that has V enrred or war occur need excite or diet i y us. To meet any sncn deficit we have In t treasury. In addition to the eold reserv er $100,000,000, a surplus of more than ill v 000,000 applicable to payment oi tne e ! pensea of tbe government, and which mnf. unless expenoea lor tnat purpose, remain a useless hoard, or, If not extravat r wasted, must in any event be perverted frc i the purpose of its exaction from onr tu ple, the payment, therefore, of any 4 elency In the revenue from this fond Is nothing more than its proper and leglttmtt . use. It Is immeasurably better to approri- , ate our surplus to the payment of justifiable expenses than to allow it to become an Invi tation to reckless appropriations and ex travagant expenditures. I suppose it will not be denied tnat nnaer the present tow our people obtain the neces saries 'of a comfortable existence at a cheaper rate Shan formerly. This is a mat ter of supreme importance, since it is the palpable duty of every Jnst government to' make the burdens of taxation as light as possible. The people should not be required to reiinqulsn tni privilege ol cheaper uvuz except under the stress, of their govern tent's necessity made plainly manifest - FfNASClAlV ' This reference to the condition and pros pects of our revenues- naturally suggests an allusion, to the weakness, and vices of onr financial methods. They have been fre- Quentlv pressed: upon the attention of the Congress in previous, executive communica tions-and the lnevUaoie-danger of their con tinued toleration pointed, out Without now repeating these details. I cannot refrain from: again earnestly presenting the neces sity of the prompt reform of a system op posed to every rule of sound finance and shown by experience to- be fraught wita. tbe gravest peril and- perplexity. The terrible rivil war which shook the- foundations ot our government, more tnaa tuirty years- ago, brought In its train-the destruction of property, the wasting of our country's sub stance, and the estrangement of brethren. These are now past and. forgotten. Even the distressing loss of life the conflict en tailed is- but a sacred' memory, which foo ters patriotic sentiment and, keeps alive a tender regard- for those who- nobly died. . . And yet there- remains- with: us to-day, in full strength and activity as an incident of that tremendous struggle, a feature of its financial necessity not. only unsuited to oar present circumstances, but manifestly sv disturbing menace to business- security and an ever present agent of monetary distress. Because we may be enjoying a temporary relief from, its- depressing Influence this should not lull us - Into - at false security or lead us to forget the suddenness of past visi tation. I am more convinced than ever that we caa have not assured .financial peace aa4 safety until the government- currency obli gations upon wnlcn gold may be demanded) from the. treasury are withdrawn) from ci culation and cancelled. This might be don as has beenxecommended, by their exchang for long term bonds-bearing a. low rate ot interest, or by their, redemption' with, t&e proceeds ol such bonder Even if only United States oaotes-known, a greenbacks were thus retired it la-probable that the treasury notes Issued. In payment of silver purchases-under the act ot July 14, 1890, now paid In gold when demanded. would not.create much disturbances, aa they might from time to time, when. received la the treasury by redemption of gold or other wise he irra.n'ua.Uv v and nmdentlw renlar.eiT by silver coia. This--plan, of t Issuing bondt A; fAfth. nnrmu nf-rnmnMnii.f.Artaifilwm.' . . . v - pears to.be the ' mostieffectlve- anddirec I path to the needed reform. il In defaultiof this, however, it would' be lA step In the right direction, if; currency oMK" gauons reaeemaDie in. go hi: wuenever so redeemed, should be cancelled. Instead of be ing reissued. This operation, would. a. slow remedyy but it would improve pi lr conditions- , . . National banks should, redeem- their V. notes. They should be allowed, to issue c culation to the par value of. bondavdeposiu. aa security for its-redemption ana tne taw on their circulation, should, be reduced te one-fourth of 1 per. cent The entire ease may be presented by the statement the the day of sensible- and sound financial methods will not dawn upon us until our government abandons the banking bujunem aad Ui me cumulation of funds, and confines its mone tary operations-to j the receipts- of money contributed by. the people., for its. support, and to the expenditure oft such money for the people's he neflL Our business- interests and all good citizens long tor rest from fev erish agitation, and the inauguration by the government ol a reformed financial policy which will encourage enterprise and max certain the rewards of. labor and. industrv s TRUSTS. Another, topic in, which., our people right fully take a. deep, interest may be her briefly considered,. I. refer to. the expanse of trusts and other huge- aggregations, of eapW tal, the object or which, ls-to-secure the mo nopoly of some particular branch of trade. Industry, or commerce, and, to stifle whole some competition.. When these axe defended It is usually on the ground that though they Increase profits, they, also reduce prices and thus may. benefit. the publics It must be re membered, however, that a reduction of prices to. the people is. net one of th. real objects- - of these- organisational fgr' icy. necessarily in that f - - nor is- their tendency- direction. If itoocurs In a particular easy I It Is only, because it accorde. with the' pur ' poses or interests- oi, those managing their scheme. Such occasional results fall short of composing the palpable- evils charged to the account on trusts, and monopolies. Their tendency-ia- to. ecu&a, ou&, - .- iree use ui uumaa idujtue& tuiu tiie iuu uc- velopment of human character. - Though Congress, haa. attempted to deal with, this matter by legislation, the laws passed, for that purpose thus far have proved ineffective, not because of any lack of disposition, er attempt to enforce them bat aim Til because the laws themselves aaln. difficulty. If the insufficiencies oi existing lawscan be remedied by further legislation, It should be done,. The fact must be recog nizedV however, that all federal legislation oniUtis-subjectmay fall abort of Its purpose because of inherent obstacles, and also because of the complex character of our governmental system, which, while making the federal authority auireme within its there, has carefully limited that sphere by metes and bounds which cannot be trans gressed. The decision of our highest court on this precise question renders it quite doubtful whether the evils of trusts and mo- ' nopolleacan be adequately treated through federal action unless they seek directly and purposely to Include In their objects trans portation or intercourse between states or between the United States and foreign countries. . xt aoes not louow, nowever, that this Is the limit of tbe remedy that may be applied. Even though it may be found that federal authority Is not broad enough to fully reach the case, tere can be no doubt of the power of the several states to act effectively id the S remises aad there should be no reason to oubt their willingness to judiciously exer cise such power. In concluding this com munication its last words shall be an apneal to the congress for the moat rigid economy in the expenditure ot the money it holds in trust for , the people. The way to perplexing extrava gance la easy, but a return 'to frugality It 1 difficult. When, however, It is considered , that those who bear the burdens of taxatlna ' have no guaranty of honest care save la ta- nacuiy oi tneir rename servants, to duty ucsx. When onr differences are for tot ten ; pur contests of political opiaUa . spect ox onr puoue service wiu ne s t - nate aad comforting as th reeoU-. i wukmi urn. mu pwnormeo ana mm ne of a constant devotion to the inter . oi Gonfldiag fellow eottntryn. 1MSM 1 . j ill T: . . t -I r - i r i Ai V 11 in Tattles ears casssn. CIUOT pre!xatio f diJ too Lsxrs. .1 ., i