THE NEBRASKA INDEPENDENT. Nov. a, iC PERILS OF THE DEEP. OCCUPATION OF THE PEARL FISHERS A DANGEROUS ONE. While at Work He Is Surrounded by All Sort of Danger II. P. Whit man h, Successful Diver Describes Hi Perilous Ad run tares. (By H. P. Whltmarsh.) ' ISHING for pearla IB ft y I uuiauio cupation, but full of danger. Formerly the calling waa mo nopolized by the natives of tropic shores whose op erations were con fined to the shallow waters, or at best depths easily pen etrated by divers without apparatus. But when the shallow waters were de nuded of their prizes, more venture some men went into the business, fit ting themselves out with boats and liv ing suits, by means of which they could search deeper waters for the ocead's only gem. V . Pearla are found in most tropical waters. The market, however, Is prin cipally supplied from the gulfs of Cali fornia and Mexico, the northern coast of Australia, Ceylon, and the islands of the Pacific. Though pearls are found In almost all mollusks, the true pearls of fashion are only produced by the pearl oyster or mother-of-pearl shell. , And here let me . say that . pearl diving means not only fishing for pearls, but also the shells which contain them. The com mercial "M.-0.-P." shell is in reality the bread-and-butter of the diver. In size they are about as large as an or dinary dinner-plate, and their weight, when cleaned, averages 2 pounds. When sold in London market they bring from 100 to 130 per ton. On the spot they are reckoned roughly at 2s. a pair, From Torres Straits, good pearling grounds extend far east and west Here (and it is' representative of near . ly all other fisheries) diving is carried on by means of lugger-rigged boats, ranging in size from five to twenty tons. This style of craft has proved to be most suitable, as they are easy to handle and can be shifted quickly. They are built with a certain regard for speed, for the reason that the better the sailing qualities of the boat,, more time the diver has for work below. The boats are fitted with air-pumps, and carry a crew of five Malays and a diver; the latter halng also the cap tain. ' There is a scattering ..of Europeans among the divers principally English and Germans; but Kanakas, Malays, East Indians, Japanese, and Chinese make up the greater number. Next to a good diver and apparatus, a reliable "tender" Is tho most neces sary adjunct to a pearling lugger's out fit He it is who holds the life or sig nal line, and looks after the general welfare of the diver when below. The "tender" is the second in command, He must keep his weather eye "lift ing" for squalls, the movements of other boats, and should be a wide awake fellow; quick to act in an emer gency, and constantly alert. On the pearling grounds, with the first streaks of dawn, blue wreaths of smoke arise from every boat The cooks are busy preparing the everlast ing fish and rice for the Mohammedan crews. The divers have, perforce, to c.ntent themselves with a cup of cof fee and a piece of bread, as it is impos sible to do good work under water with a full stomach. The' diving dress Is a waterproof combination of coat vest, trousers. and stockings, all in one. The only Inlets or outlets are the wide collar and the wristlets. Dressed in a double set of heavy flannels (to absorb the perspiration), the diver, with the "tend er's" aid, works his way, feet first into the dress; his hands are soaped, so that they may slip through the tight DIVER WITH BASKET OF PEARL SHELLS. fitting rubber wristlets, and then the boots are buckled on. The latter are leaden-soled and weigh 32 pounds. Next the corselet or shoulder-piece is added, and screwed tightly to the col lar of the drees. Then the life-line and pipe are attached, the eighty-peund back and chest weights suspended from the shoulders, the helmet screwed on, and the' diver is ready to step ever the side. ' ' - Pearl diving Is carried on at a .lepth of sixty to 108 feet At the, latter depth a diver cannot remain under rrore than ten minute on account of the pressure In forty feet or fifty feet of water it is possible to main below two hours without suffering much in convenience. As to the distance one can see when below. It is governed entirely by the state of the water. If clear, objects can be distinctly seen forty or fifty feat; but if dirty, that Is. stirred up by strong tides, or rough weather, it is necessary to go on all fours to find bottom. A good day's work is anything over 200 pairs of ohells, although I hare known as many ss 1,000 to be picked up in that time. Pearls can never be reckoned on, as certainties. Finding them is altogeth er a matter of luck. One diver may open ton after ton of shells without se curing anything but a few seed pearls, while another may take a fortune cut of a day's gathering. Diving, and particularly peart diving, is an exceedingly dangerous occuoa tion, and accidents on the pearling grounds are of common occurrence. A diver runs the risk of losing his life by ripping or tearing his dress upon sharp rocks or corals, through which he must often pick his way. Then, again, an accident may happen to the air-pump, in which case he 1b suffo cated; or the air-pipe may become un ccsjjjled or burst, with the same fatal result But perhaps the greatest dan ger which besets er when below is that of fouling on the bottom, and to explain how easily this may hap pen, I will relate an experience of my own: ' I had been working all day, and about "knock off" time having a full bag of shells, I screwed up the escape ATTACKED BY AN OCTOPUS. valve in order to fill the dress with air and make myself lighter, and gave the customary signal to ascend. The life line tautened, and I was soon lifted from my feet and being drawn toward the lighter water above. The angry frame of mind that usually attends the diver at work gradually passed away as I was raised to the surface, and I was Just getting good-tempered at the thought of a mouthful of fresh air, when I felt a sudden Jerk under my left arm, and at the same instant my progress was stopped. Before I realized what was the mat ter, the air-pipe was torn from the check that held it under my arm, slip ped over it, and pulled my head down ward; while the hauling of the "ten der" above on the life-line round my waist raised the lower part of my body and left me suspended heels up. In the first few moments of my sur prise and terror I did not stop to con sider what had happened. My pres ence of mind deserted me, and I strug gled and screamed like a madman. After a little while, having kicked myself Into a state of exhaustion and common sense, I reasoned out the cause of my dilemma. As the strain of the air-pipe was downward, and that of the life-line upward, I concluded that the pipe must be fast below, and that the only thing to be done was to go down' and clear it First, I regulated the air in the dress, letting out as much as I could spare, for in my present posi tion all the air went into my legs, and kept them floating straight upwards, and then I tried to make the "boys" understand that I wanted them to low er me.-'-. '.' All my shakes and Jerks on the life line, however, were without avail. By that time all hands, except those pump-, ing, had tailed on, and were doing their level best to pull me in halves. Fortunately, all my gear was In good shape, or they might have accomplish ed it Finally, after hanging betwixt the top and the bottom about half an hour, my "tender" had sense enough to signal for another diver, and I was at last released and hauled up, more dead than alive. The cause of this ac cident was simply that the careless holder of the pipe, Instead of keeping it taut, had allowed it to drag on the bottom until it fouled around the base of a coral cup. Had the tide not been slack at the time, the weight of the boat, which was practically anchored by the air-pipe, would have torn the helmet from my shoulders. and the re sult would have been different , Octopl are seldom met with in Aus tralian waters, though there is always the possibility of such a thing, and occasionally one hears of an encounter. The deaths of many native divers who go down and never appe.r again, are attributed to the trldacna, a gigantic mollusk of the clam order; which closes with a vise-like grip upon any thing that passes its lips. Another fish that is unpleasant to meet is that known as the stone-fish. It is small, being only a few Inches In length, but its bite is poisonous. Ap parently, it makes its home under the pearl shell for it is only when picking up a shell that a diver is bitten. After a bite from this spiteful little member of the finny tribe, It Is wise to remain under water as long as possible. The pressure, causing much bleeding at the bitten part, expels the poison. Black and yellow sea-snakes are con stant companions of the diver, though quite harmless; also stlngarees, blow fish, mullet, and a hundred other va rieties known among divers by names descriptive of some peculiarity the fish possesses, but which to the reader mean nothing. A few of them are known to science by names that mean less. , , . Too Severe. . "Professor, why are prize-fighters never found in football teams?" "They can't stand the punishment" Detroit Free Press. . HIS TREACHEROUS MEMORY. Trick It Played ft Man After Sober Sight Off. i 1 should hate to tell you which one of them it was, but it happened on .the night of the McGillicuddy banquet Tho man himself told me about it as fol lows: My memory Isn't very good, and I had several things on my mind. When I went out Tuesday night I intended to come home early, but I dropped into the spread at the Hotel Atwood, and it was past 2 a. m. when I struck m doorstep. ' Tou ought to have seen me sneak up to the front door and fum ble for my key. I reckon that no one ever did a slicker Job than I did. I haven't been out so late for months, but I got into the hallway without making any noiee, and sat down on the stairs and removed my shoes. I learned that when I was courting my wife. Why, I have done slicker Jobs In get ting out of her house and into mine without waking either of the families than Spike Hencesey ever did in his palmiest days of burglary. I went up stairs to the chamber door and pushed on It It creaked some, but it gave way and I was in. I expected to hear some one says "Will, is that you?" but no one did, although I fancied I beard the soft breathing of my wife. I didn't light the gas. Not I. I slipped off my clothes; decided not to wind my watch for fear of Its click; found my robe de nuit, slipped into it, and edged around to my side of the bed. Then I calmly and steadily and deftly slipped In. I was alone! j She was gone! And then I remembered that she had been away two' days, and I had known it all the time, it I had only stopped to think. "Sober?" Certainly I was. I hadn't drank thing but spring water and Worcester shire sauce. Lewiston Journal. The Independent Stage Driver. Eastern tourists who cannot differ entiate between a California stage driver and an eastern coachman meet with a rude shock in the wild and woolly west, and they soon learn that the Californian is a knight of the reins several grades higher in the social scale than the menial of the east. There is an old driver at Monterey who 1b determined that his patrons shall make no mistake concerning his exact status, and In a quiet way he checks all attempts to make a servant of him. A short time ago he was driv ing a party of tourists about when one querulous old lady who had annoyed him not a little by her air of super! ority, asked: "My man, do you know the name of that wild flower?" "Yep," he replied, and flicked one of his leaders with his Whip. She paused a moment for him to give the name, but he merely clucked to the wheelers. "Driver, do you know the name of that flower?" she repeated, in an im perious tone. "Yep; get up there, Bally!" Again she waited end again demand ed: "Man, don't you know the name of that flower?" "Yep; g'long there, Pete!" "Then why don't you tell me?" "Oh, you want to know, too, do Tout That's a wild rose." San Francisco Post . ' An Oppressive Alternative. "And didn't you like it up there?" The deposed angel elevated her hrnwn sutreestively. "Well," she rejoined, "they gave me a perfectly swell crown and then said I'd have to take it on if there was any body sitting behind me, and I Just told the usher he could go ahead and eject me If he wanted to." Detroit Tribune, THE CHURCH MILITANT. Five new Methodist churches are oe .ng erected in the Mankato district Minnesota. Dedications occurred at Albert Lea, Sept 13, and at Alden, Sept 20. Bishon Gaines, at the African Meth odist conference In Richmond, Va. served notice that he would ordain no man to the ministry who drank whisky, chewed tobacco or smoked. Covenant church, Chicago, a branch of the First church, is to build a two story brick and stone $30,000 edifice with an audience room for 850, lecture room for 250 and Sunday school room for 1,000. . Thirteen missionaries have sailed for Manchuria, sent by the United Pres byterian church of Scotland, which has a verv oromislng mission field there. The work was interrupted by the late war between China and Japan, and one young missionary fell a martyr to Chi neee bigotry, bur it is being resumed under most hopeful conditions. The fifty-seventh annual session of th Rock river conference of the Meth must Kniscooal church at Freeoort. 111.. was, as usual, a notable gathering of devout, godly men. The opening sacra mental service was led by Bishop An drews. One of the special features of the session is the course of lectures delivered by Professor Graham Taylor and Reverend A. C. Hirst of Chicago. At the celebration of the twenty-second anniversary of the Chautauqua as sembly recently, Dr. J. M. Buckley said: "I honor Chautauqua. I consider it the greatest promoter of religion that can be found in this country. X was glad when permission was given to the Roman Catholics to hold their services here. It is the greatest promoter of sectional unity. Did you lee that large number that arose from the south? Some of the best friends I have are in the south, and I was introduced U them here on these grounds." HE SOUCHT DEATH. Coftld Mot Prevent Ills Wife from Bid. lug ft Wheel. (New York Letter.) Because his wife persisted In .ridln 5 bicycle at all hours of the day and night and refused to give an account of where she had been Frank Miller killed himself the other day. The Millers lived In lodgings and had been married four years. Frank Miller came of a respectable family, his father be ing employed in a wholesale grocery house. The entire Miller family was opposed to Frank's marrying pretty Agnes Baker, who was 18, two years younger than her lover. She was the daughter of a fish dealer and was a short, slim, vivacious blonde, fond of good time and a well-known figure at the dances and parties of her neigh borhood. Her father had married a second time and there were frequent disturbances at the Baker home over the late hours kept by Agnes and her sister. When married Miller was em ployed as a conductor, but later had been a clerk in a shoe store. They hired rooms from the Gamble family, clgarmakers, and Mrs. Gamble relates that often she would hear the couple quarreling all night long. Young Mrs. Miller persisted in riding her bicycle and would return home at all hours of the night and her husband's requests to be informed where she had been were only laughed at Evening after evening Miller would sit at home with their little girl, while his wife was somewhere else. She boasted to Mrs. Gamble that she beat her husband with a broomstick and broke it over him. His love for her was unquestioned, for he always forgave her all her es capades. Finally, one day Mrs. Miller told her landlady she was going to leave, as she could not stand her hus band's scoldings any longer. Before she left the house she threw every thing topsy-turvy in her rooms and AGNES MILLER. when Miller came home all he re marked was: "This comes from loving a woman too much." The next day he Btayed at home waiting for his wife to come back. She did come after some furniture and as she went out of the gate he called after her: "Come back, Aggie; for God's sake, come back!" She gave a little toss of her head and went back to the rooms for something she had forgotten. In a few moments Bhe ran down and said to Mrs. Gamble: "I think something terrible has happened up there," Mr Gamble went up and found that Miller had hanged himself. He was dead when cut down. The Art of Not Bearing. The art of not hearing should rbe learned by all. There are so many things which it is painful to hear, very many which, If heard, will disturb the temper, corrupt simplicity and mod esty, detract from contentment and happiness. If a man falls into a violent passion and calls all manner of names, at the first words we should shut our ears and hear no more. If in a quiet voyage of life we find ourselves caught in one of those domestic whirlwinds of scolding, we should shut our ears as a sailor would furl his sail, and, making all tight, scud before the gale. If a hot, restless man begins to inflame our feelings, we should consider what mischief the fiery sparks may do in our magazine below, where our temper Is kept, and instantly close the door. If all the petty things said of a man by heedless and ill-natured idlers were brought home to him he would be come a mere walking pincushion stuck full of sharp remarks. If we would be happy when among good men, we should open our ears; when among bad men, shut them. It is not worth while to hear what our neighbors say about our children, what our rivals say about our business, our dress, our af fairs. Loyalty to Convictions. It Is upon the loyalty to sincere con victions that all character rests. Oth erwise right and wrong, true and false, Just and unjust, would only bear a vague, confused and uncertain mean ing. And exactly because of this es sential loyalty are we bound frequently to test our convictions in the light of advanced knowledge and improved Judgment, and to replace them by oth ers whenever their imperfections be come manifest Herbert Spencer says: "It is clear that a globe built up partly of semblances Instead of facts would not be long on this side of chaos. And It is certain that a community com posed of men whose acts are not In harmony with their Innermost belief will be equally unstable." By Faith ftnnd Earett Action. ? If you advance in the Christian life at all it must be by a live faith and most earnest action. Every power must be brought into exercise. Speak, sing, work, pray, agonize if need be. Make a business of your religion, and ; a pushing, aggressive business, too. Eternity will reveal the fact that God's deal of the men has a higher opinion true service is the best that m evet of peace than she has of love.-iAtcnl-engaged in. son Globe. RULES FOR A CYCLIST THB THOMPSON STREET CLUB LI8TCN8 TO A NEW BET. Concerning ft tittle Game of Poker The Committee to Deelde Disputes Mast Be ' Composed sfsmber Above Reproach. BM'LEN," said President Toots, as he rapped the club to order, "yo' am all awar' of de fack dat dls am a com binashun club poker an' bike mix ed In about equal quantities. Daf am rules to govern each, howeber, an' it won't do to git 'em mixed up. Fur dls reason I her drawed off and had printed de rules applyin' to each. De rules to govern when out on de bike am as follows: "Sit erect; wid eyes to the front an' a determined loak on de face. "Don't attempt to paaa between de hosses and de dash-bo'd of a treet-kyar. Pay no attention to brick-bats, ash- cans, cabbage-heads an' lance rani thrown arter yo' by de envious an' Jeaelous-mlnded populashun. "Avoid runnln' ober pedestrians it yo' kin but when yo' can't avoid it pick out a fat man an' pull de throttle wide open. A fat pusson alius acts as a cushion fur de rebound. De flnera! rule am to keep to de right, but if dar am a house in de way don't be obstinate. "When two bikests am about to meet heaed-on dar am two rules to apply. Yo' kin either Jump off an' go into de nlghest saloon an' take a mint Jullp frew a straw or keep right on an' knook de odder feller fo'teen feet high an' smash him all to squash. "If yo' meet a cow when ridln' in de ken try yo' kin turn to de right or de left or go right ober her, jest as yo' plesse. If it happens to be de cow's brudder 'stead of de cow herself de rule am to dismount an' climb a tree an' wait for him to git tired. "When yo' look ahead up a hill an' see a farmer an' his two sons waiting for yo' armed with scythes, eo'nouttsrs an' sled stakes de rule don't say 'saotly what yo' should do. Dls gives yo' a show to turn off into de woods an' look for chestnuts. "One quick, sharp ring ob de bell means danger to a beer wagon it H don't git outer yo' way. "Two rings am a summons fur de street-kyar to shet off steaem an' cum to a sudden stop an' let yo' pass in front of it v "Three rings means dat de feller erossln' de street wid his hat on his ear an', his feet steppin' high am right in line wid yo'r wheel an' If he don't git up an' hump hlsself he will be in vited to a surprise pa'ty. "A continuance ding! ding! ding! of de bell, accompanied by a wavin' of de left hand in de air, signifies dat yo' has got tired of ridln' in de street an' am gwlne to take to de side-walk an' dat It will be Jest as well fur de enthoost astlc populashun to hunt fur doah- ways." '., Toe president announced that he hoped to soon perfect the following im provements to the bicycle: An attachment that will lift a man's cap off his head when he meets a fe male and replace it. again after she has passed on. It will make no distinction between homely and good .looking girls and there will be no color line about it , An attachment to cast a noose over a dog's head and swing him in behind the bike. When .he has been dragged 100 rods and has made up his miad that the bike is alive and dangerous the noose opens and he is allowed to go on suspended sentence. An attachment to hold and operate a squirt-gun containing at least one gal lon of water. This is for offensive and defensive operations against the small boy who wants to shove broomstick between the spokes to see how quick a bike can stop. An attachment to be fastened to the front wheel which will go ahead and look for tacks and pounded glass, pick up wallets and lost diamond pins and sound the depths of all mud-holes not over ten feet deep. "Gem'len." said President Toots as he laid a box of poker chips on the ta ble, "dar' am poker an' poker. Dar' lm poker wha' a flush beats a straight at poker wbar' a straight beats flush an' robs de widder an' de orphan. I has played poker whar three Jacks knocked oat a full house and I has played poker whar a full house scoop ed in a $10 pot ober fo' aces. We must hev sartin rules an' stick to 'em, an1 dem rules will be as follows: "Da value of de hand will be ace high, one pa'r, two pa'rs, flush, threes, straight full-house, fours an' royal flush. . . "De man who stands pat can bluff de man wid fo aces if he wants to, but if he gits busted all to squash dat's his own lookout "Dar will be no limit as to bets. Dls will enable a pore but respectable young man who may hold a royal flush to rake in a house an' lot an' a bushel el Jewelry at one swipe. "All queshuns in dispute to be left to a committee of three an' should any member of dat committee to be found wid three kings up his sleeve or fo' aoee down his boot-leg excuses wont go an' previous good character won't eount for shucks." Chicago News. Hard on tho Men. Every woman who has seen a great DR. WOLFE AND QZQT.Zl.l A Hard Tee for One's Oewvtty Tr"I Aeerat ftnd Phrnsoataf In front of us stood a t-crt, i elderly man, an unmlstaktll 12.".. x la features and complexion, says wood's Magazine. He spoke Zzz'-'-i C ently, but with as extremely 3 foreign accent, and hla manner vzi phraseology wre peculiar, la a f---lon which made it very t listen to him with the itr.: .1: J which his subject demands!. Hi en larged on his work In Paltl: tzl Asia Minor generally, which tri r doubtedly been of a most pro!::.-? description, but when he procc;Ii4 ti Illustrate the customs of his rues ly chanting some of their native tzzz in a high-pitched voice it proved very difficult for me, light-hearted enotca U those days, to hear him with due 6il3 and decorum. Even his imitation et Cs lamentations of the Jews at the irC-zj place outside the walls of fallen Jeru salem, which ought te have been dscly pathetic, became from his iatotitlca and style exactly the reverse. The culminating overthrow cl r .7 gravity came with an aneedsts 11.li he told of an Arab chief wt til en tered him his daughter la tirr.:r and anxiously pressed the tt:irl bride upon him. "Yes," eseia&ttl Er. Wolfe, stretching out hla arms isxzxl quiet, dignified lady wfcd tzt ca a sofa near him. "Yes, that etief I'ZZ'-l me to have his child, with the trowa eyes like a gazelle, to wed hsr tal keep her always; but I said to tin: No! no! I have my Oeorglna at fcc:t; I want no more wives. I have ny Georglna in my house already, and tlx! enough, oh, quite enough." I Estr.t own that I had to beat a hasty nZnzA from the effects of this speech ca ttt propriety of demeanor I had tta try ing so hard to maintain. Met ft Cent te light. Baron Rothschild was once tzzzZt ta predicament that many pscjl ex perience daily, and that Is gettisg izti a conveyance of some kind, and C:a not having the money to pay the fcr. The driver of the omnibus into wL!:a Rothschild entered demanded i'a tzx and the Baron, feeling In his pocitV discovered that he bad no chans. -TL driver was very angry. "What did you get la fx, If jm had no money?" "I am Baron Rothschild," exe:! the great capitalist "and there 1 try card." The driver scornfully tossed tie csr J away. "Never heard of yon before." tilS te, "and don't want to hear of you arxia. What I want is your fare." The banker was in great haste. "Look here. I've an order for a reg ion," be said; "give me the chanre." And he proffered a coupon for tit amount. The driver stared and the patrta gers laughed. Fortunately a friend ci the Baron entered the omnibus at tlJ moment and, taking in the situate immediately paid the fare. The drlvt?, realizing his mistake, and feellzj re morseful, said to the Baron: - "If you want 10 francs, sir, I Czz't mind lending -them to you on ray era account" Harper's Round Tit',. Tired naS Sleepy. ' "Speaking of cures for insoienii, said an old soldier, "makes me tliz of our starting out one morning At T o'clock marching twenty miles asJ meeting the enemy at 2 o'clock in tLs afternoon and fighting till , and the marching back to where we started from, getting there at 2 o'clock la tl morning. ' .. "Some of the men left in camp had made a firs to cook their coffee by and had kept it going through the evca ing. It was now a big bed of red cociv with an occasional flicker of flame r ing np from the charred end of a hU burned stick. It was a chilly nlrlt, ' and I thought I'd sit down on a kj that there was alongside the fire f;r a few minutes and get warm a little ta fore turning In. The next thlnj I knew it was o'clock. I had gone t sleep the minute I sat down and ks4 fallen off the big log without waklzj up. . ' "Now, if, as sometimes happens, 1 find myself Inclined to lie awake aight I Just think of the comfort of my pres ent bed as compared with that by tit lor- and that is enough." Traveled Bis Pftoft, Tou are dead beat" . At the harsh words the cyclist poos:! himself and opened one eye. The r liceman, bending over him, west oat "You have been trying to travel em your face." The cyclist opened the other eye. "I have," he admitted. "On my face and one elbow. But they could net stand the strain." And, rising weakly to his feet he staggered toward the nearest drtj store, bearing the fragments of Va wheel with him. Wisconsin Sentinel ' Por Some "Magnificent house, isn't It?" "Yes." "And he bought it for a song." "Indeed?" "Yes, he's the author of Tape's Jag is Three Days Old,' you know." De troit News. Comldn'l Wife (In church) "Jabes, why didaV you put something In the contribution box?" Husband "Hush, Jane; I didn't kar) anything less than a 2-cent piece akn) me." ' . . A man feels drowsy after a kurtj dinner, because a large part of til blood la the system goes to the rt: ach to aid In digestion, and leaves tl) brain poorly supplied. Pearls are in greater demaaf tl:l ever and are largely used tor aeiL:" "