i.
X -J'
VOL. VII
SO MOVES THE WORLD.
Vlpcinn rt.: i after the Democratic na-
tionVrediiveution
Dunraven slid out for England without
having proved his charge.
The Latin-American republics are in
eeret league to aid Venezuela.
A bad snow and wind storm swept
Pennsylvania and adjoining states Dec.
2Cth.
A tremendous wind and rain storm
swept over Western Texas the nig ht of
the 24.
The House has passed a new tariff bill
to increase the revenue of the govern
ment. -
Japan is buying up raw cotton and
will do her ovvn cotton manufacturing in
future.
California has had a frost which has
damaged the fruit prospect ten per cent,
estimated.
The new tariff bill introduced by the
Republicans was put through the House
at one sitting.
The Cuban revolutionists are now with
in fifty miles of Havana, and pressing on
against opposing forces.
Senator Allen improved the opportu
nity to get in a bill to promote trade re
lations with South American countries.
The Cuban insurgents have defeated
the Spanish army under (ien. Campos
and forced its retreat to a place en trench
ed. W. D. Howells, the foremost novelist,
poet, economic and sociologic writer of
America; is a socialist or Christian com
munist. The recent floods in Missouri caused a
loss of $5,000,000. Many flood-swept
localities are without provisions, and
famine is threatened. ,
Zeitoun has been taken again by the
Turkish army. No report concerning the
probable massacre of the Armenians who
held the city has been obtained.
Twenty-three persons were trampled to
death in a Baltimore theatre Dec. 27. A
fire alarm caused a panic. The fire, from
a leaking gas pipe, did no damage.
The healer, Francis Schlatter, is now
in Albuquerque, New Mexico. It is from
this point that he started. Hundredsof
people flocked to welcome him back.
A bills has passed the Senate, by a
unanimous vote, in favor of allowing ex
confederates formerly in our army to en
list in the army of the United States.
The massacres in Armenia continue.
A Dec. 28 dispatch shows that the situa
tion is appalling. Thirty thousand have
been killed and the atrocities are awful.
Hon. Edward J. Phelps and Hon. Rob
ert T. Lincoln, ex-ministers to England,
it is reported have been named by the
president as members of the Yenezeula
commission.
England is said to be seeking alliance
with Spain, France and Holland to
stand with her against the claims and
policy of the United States in territorial
disputes on this continent.
The Pacific Mail Steamship Company
has got possession or controlling power
of the Panama Railroad company and
shippers ami consigner have to puy ull
r. the freight that they can stand.
layor Swift of Chicago at the banquet
oflthe Commercial Club Dec. 28, charged
the corruption of the city government to
the "promiuent citizens," to their grasp
ing for gain, and to their influence.
The New York Board of Trade has
petitioned Congress to do something
(issue bonds) to replenish the gold re
serveso they can puil it out again and
get more bonds fastened on the necks of
the people.
Senator Allen gave notice Dec. 30, that
the House bond bill must be amended to
provide for the issue of titty million sil
ver certificates to cover coinage of silver
in the treasury, at the rate of three mil
lions per mouth.
The Inter-state Commerce Commission
has taken steps to prosecute the eastern
trunk lines traffic association for violat
ing the anti-trust law. Injunctions will
be served against several of the main
lines. But it is not likely the combina
tion will be broken. Such never have
been.
The bond bill passed the House by a
vote of 150 to 13G. The Populists and
Democrats, with one exception, voted
against the bill. The bill amends the
Resumption act so as to permit the issue
of 3 per cent coin bonds. The net of
1878 for the reissue of greenbacks not
modified or repealed.
Senator Allen, Dec. 30, introduced by
requettt Senator Thurston's non-bond
bill, a bill which provides on its passage
that thereafter no bonds of the govern
ment shall be isHiied, sold or disposed of,
udless Congress shall first by resolution
have declared the necessity thereof and
specified the conditions under which they
shall be issued.
The new election law amendment in
Belgium which allows lnborers and their
employers to name supplementary coun
cillors, has inured to the benefit of social
ism. In twenty-nine communes where
the amendment was operative, sixteen
gave socialist victories. The large cities,
especially, have now socialist councillors
At Brussels and Ghent all ' the workmen
councillors are socialists knd at Liege
three out oi lour,
The Great Labor Uprising
The labor movement is a great, world
wide uprising of the people the greatest
in history. It is a rising; to establish
liberty, fraternity and equality as the
law of industry. The labor movement
is the third great historic crisis of democ
racy. The first abolished the altar mono
polist, the second abolished the throne
monopolist, the third will abolish the
money-bag monopolist. The first made
men equal as brothers by the fatherhood
of humanity; thesecondmade them equal
as fellow-citizens; the third, the labor
movement, will make them equal as co
workers in co-operative industry, of all,
by all, for all. This labor movement Is a
grand whole; the municipalization of
monopolies in the cities, the nationaliza
tion of larger monopolies by the country
at large, labor legislation, co-operative
movement, the farmers' granges, are but
parts.
It is a new democracy, for it will demo
cratize privilege and injustice out of the
world of business; it is a new philan
thropy, for it will humanize the relation
of employer and employed, buyer and
seller. It is a new political economy, for
the greatest destroyer of wealth in the
modern world is wealth, and the labor
movement, by putting all to work and
opening to all the riches of nature, now
locked out, shut down, will create a true
wealth of which our wildest avarice can
not dream. It is the logical sequence of
all the great emancipations, reforma
tions, religions revivals and patriotisms
of the past. It wiil emancipate two kinds
of slaves master and man the slave
who has to submit to starvation, Gat
ling guns and injunctions, and the slave
who uses them. This new emancipation,
continuing and consummating all the
others, wiil give a new strength to all the
great words embodying the hopes and
achievements of the race. Home, happi
ness, individuality, freedom, humanity,
all these keynote words will be filled fuller
when we have made each other
brothers in industry, disciples of the gol
den rule in business, fellow-citizens in the
true commonwealth.
It is not a movement of hate, but of
love. It pities the man who can stand at
the helm of any of the great concerns of
modern industrial life, made possible
only by the countless efforts; loyalty and
genius of thousands of his fellow-men,
living and dead, and say, "This is my
business." It says to him, "This is not
your business, not my business; it is our
business." It says to him in the words
of the Persian proverb: "The power that
is not founded on love is always the
power that hns failed." It pities him as
robbing himself of the greatest joys and
triumphs of leadership. It seeks to lift
him from the low level of selfish and cruel
millionairism to that of a general of
great co-operative hosts of industrial
brothers. The labor movement will put
the strong man, the born captain of in
dustry, in a place as high above the
plutocrat as Lincoln, the elected and be
loved lender, is above a czar.
The riseof the people has always-meant
that all lhe for all you and your chil
dren, you und your fellow-worshipers of
one father of all men, you and your fellow-citizens
with one vote and one Aug;
you and your associates of the trades
unions, the society where an injury to
one is an injury to all; in all these in
family, guild, society, city and state you
are, so far as you are true, doing as you
would be done by, living for all.
The new rise of the people which we call
the labor movement has for its mission
to put this rule of all for all into action
among the miserable multitudes of mo
dern industry, now living in anarchy
and civil war. It means to civilize, re
publican, humanize, economize these
masses of industrial combatants, des
troying themselves and destroying
society. Looking back over the thous
ands of years they have traveled, the
people can see that nothing was able to
stop the republic; looking forward, they
know nothing can stop the co-operative
commonwealth. Extract from address
of H. D. Lloyd at Deb's reception.
Dr. Madden, Eye, Ear, Nose, and
Throat diseases, over Rock Island
ticket office, S. W. cor. 11 and O streets.
Glasses accurately adjusted. .
The seed house of McBeth & Kinnison,
of Garden City, Kan., located in the heart
of the alfalfa country, has established a
reputation for knowledge of the seed
business and for integrity of dealing,
which is an assurance of good faith in fill
ing orders by mail. This house has ad
vertised in TnE Wealth Makeus every
season for Beveral years, and in conse
quence of this has done a large business
in which the cash was sent with the order.
There has never been a complaint as to
treatment in such cases, and the pub
lishers feel assured that all business sent
to them will be attended to with the
utmost promptness and integrity.
Norib western System Holiday Rates
Fare and third for round trip to any
system station within a distance of 200
miles. Tickets sold Dec. 24, 25, 31, and
Jau. 1. Return limit, Jan. 2d. City
office 117 So. 10th St. Depot' cor. 8th
and S Sts.,' Lincoln, Neb.
City ticket office Elkhorn-Northwestern
line, 117 So. 10th St.
a .j,. ,,..,.,.,,.
LINCOLN, NEB., THURSDAY, JANUARY 2, 189C.
I I l I 'I 1 1 . IM IV M . K I M I i AY . A I A K. Y . 7 I rtMl I. UVf
II
Tho Essence of Liberty Lies Not in The
Form of Things
THE POOB MAN IS A SLAVE
Want and the Fear of Want Are the
Bonds That Enslave Men Oppor
tunities to Labor Lost Under
Capitalism
Economic Bondage Stints Character
During the last few weeks, "Liberty"
has been the theme of three different men,
each of very different stamp, in three dis
tinct localities In Wisconsin, the Demo
cratic United States Senator Hill lectnred
on the subject before empty houses; his
"Liberty" was the dry rot of olden days.
In Chicago, Debs spoke after his libera
tion for several hours on the matter, but
we fail to find in all he said anything but
stilted oratorial efforts.' Finally, here in
New York, William D. Howells took up
the subject in the Forum, and showed
how, with the scientific key of Socialism
in one's had, the subject may be treated
in a manner that throws light across the
path of the wanderer, and furnishes him
with solid matter for digestion, instead
of froth and saw dust.
Mr. Howells sjarts giving his experi
ence in Venice, when the people were
clamoring for freedom from Austria. In
these introductory remarks he strikes
the keynote of his great subjocb ---
"So far as I can see, the poor were
affected very little or not at all by the
oppression. They was scarcely a danger,
of arrest for. their political opinions,
which they aired freely, at least to any
listening foreigner. They could not be
annoyed by the sequestration of the
liberal newspapers or the prohibition of
Italian books, for they mostly could not
read; and for the same reason they could
not be humilated by the fact that there
was but one journal in Venice, and that
was supervised by the police. They could
not be wounded by the censorship which
forbade them to publish anything un
favorable to order or favorable to free
dom. They werenot defrauded when the
authorities made the libretto of "I Puri
tani" read "Gridando lealta," instead of
'Gridundo liberta," for without money
to pay their way into the theatre they
could not know whether the chorus
shouted for loyalty or liberty. The epy
did not dog their steps;-the policedid not
visit the wretched ubodes in midnight
perquisition for compromising papers or
other proofs of conspiracy. They suf
fered no hardships from the difficulty of
getting a passport into Italy; for they
would have no means of using it unless
they walked. They were not hampered
in business by the vexatious delays of
the government in granting leave for
novel enterprises: the taxes did not bur
den them, for they had no property.
Thev might draw a bad number in con
scription, but they would be liable to this
misfortune under any government. They
had no more incentive to patriotism than
the poor have anywhere; but nothing in
Venitian Demonstration was more posit
tive than the attitude of the Venitians
who had nothing to gain by it."
Grappling then the question he pro
ceeds: "He is a free man if he has the means
of livelihood, and is assured in their pos
session; if he is independent of others.
But if he is dependent upon some other
man for the means of earning a liveli
hood, he is not free. Freedom, in fact,
which in its highest effect is self-sticrifiee,
and of the skies, is chained to the earth
in the question of necessity, as certainly
as the soul is chained to the earth in the
body. It is only occasionally a political
affair, a civic affair; it is constantly a so
cial affair, a pecuniary affair, an econo
mical affair. It is true that in a tyranny
the richest are not free; but in a democ
racy not only is no man free without the
means of livelihood, but the richer man
"is always freer than the poorer man, as
lie is in every state.
And again:
"The man who is in danger of want or
even in dread of want is not a free man;
and the country which does not guard
him against this danger and this dread,
or does not assure him the means of
livelihood, is not a free country, though
it may be the freest of all free countries.
In other words, liberty and poverty are
incompatible."
Applying this to our own American in
stitutions, Mr. Howells says:
"We used fondly to figure the American
who earned his bread in the sweat of his
,brow and voted with his party, as a
sovereign, and we invited him to regard
himself in that light. Really, however,
without the menus of a livelihood in his
own hands, but in the hands of another,
he is scarcely the regal shape we figured
him. The workingman out of a job can
have little joy of his vote; and if he is
very poor, if he is not making both ends
meet, he ctvunot will goods to another,
the sovereign act of the freeman, be
cause be has none to will. It is true that
he may rebel, that he may renounce his
LIBERTY
employment wben he has one and does
not think himself justly paid; but with
out the means of livelihood he has no
choice except to seek some other employ
ment, and thischoiceisscarcely freedom."
And the above is understood by the
below:
"The hireling may haveall theserights,
which are inseparable from the old ideal
oi liberty, and which we vainly suppose
are the proofs of liberty. He may have
the right to speak freely, pray freely,
vote freely; but he cannot manfully use
his right, though warranted in it by the
constitution and statutes of all the
States, if he is afraid another man may
take away his job for doing so.".
Finally these beautiful passages may be
quoted as a closing clincher:
"We say:
'Honor and shame from no condition
rise;
Act well your part, there all the honor
lies.'
'But no one who thinks can believe this.
If a man is in conditions which hinder
bira from doing what he will, he can no
more have honor than he can have
shame. The vices of a slave are hateiul,
but we do not blame the slave for them,
and we do not praise him for obedience,
meekness, abnegation, which are virtues
in the free man. The free man has duties
but the slave has none, and be has no
responsibilities. Liberty is not only the
power of self-sacrifice; it is the responsi
bility of self-sacrifice, too."
Benefits Enjoyed Without Producing
Them
Private ownership of land the boun.
ties of nature without producing any
thing from it in the form of food, cloth
ing, machinery, houses, etc., is the prim
ary condition by which both private and
public beueflts are enjoyed and appropri
ated by the non-producers of them.atthe
expense of the producers.
All are the consumers of produce in its
different forms, and nothing can be en
joyed or appropriated until it is first
produced.
Two parties at.t least are interested in
ev ry exchange of ownership of land and
the various forms of produce wrought
out of it with human effort.
Neither one confers a private or public
benefit to the other only to the extent of
what he produces and furnishes.
The existence of a house, food, cloth
ing, machinery, etc., is sufficient evidence
that some one or more have produced
them directly or indirectly from the land
mother earth the benefit of which just
ly belong to the producers of themaccor
ding to the principles; that man is en
dowed by his Creator with the inalienable
right to life, liberty and the pursuit of
happiness; and that the producers are
justly entitled to their full produce on
which their lives and happiness and that
of their helpless parents and children de
pend. Taking the above as the basis of justice
and man's natural and equal rights,
where no one has any improvements
located on the land such as houses, crops
etc., there it is that no one has anything
to confer to another as the produce of
his labor; there it is that no man has a
just private ownership to the land na
tural opportunities.
The fact that law recognizes and de
fends the ownership of land for rent does
not make it just.
Chattel slavery in the United States
was at one time protected and defended
by law.
Who claims that it was just?
Who claims that the hard earnings of
another should be enjoyed for nothing?
The slaveowners held their plantations
for the express purpose of putting their
slaves on them.
At all times and in all places the prin
cipal and only motive in holding land for
rent is the same as that of the slave own
ers in holding their large plantations.
The principle of injustice, inequality,
of a division of produce without com
pensation, etc., is the same in both cases,
whether the land thus owned is in small
or large .tracts.
Slavery, under whatever conditions it
is made possible, consists in the non-enjoyment
of one's produce.
It denies freedom to produce from the
land , freedom to the producers to enjoy
their full produce, und freedom to ex
change produce for produce as equiva
lents. Produce exacted as rent for land, or
for the privilege to pro Juce from it, is no
more produced by the extorters of it
than the land itself, or the natural for
ests, etc.
hen two parties produce and exch
ange equivalents, both are mutually
benefited, both enjoy the full produce of
their labor, both use the same measure.
, Produce, or the money that represents
its exchange value, exacted as rent, in
terest or profit for a house or tool of any
kind, or for the privilege to occupy or
use it, is not produced by the exactors of
it, but by the producers from whom such
exactions are made. '
The damage from the wear and use of
a house or a tool of any kiuq made good
by the borrower to the lender is simplv
returning an equivalent, and should not
be confounded with rent, interest or pro-
nt.
Rent, interest or profit is simply the
amount of useful produce exacted or en
joyed by one party in a trade above w hat
is produced and given or loaned out to
the other party, or the money that rep
resents the produce.
The producers in the different industries
must support the feeble and disabled un
der any system of land holding, and it is
the moral duty of t he former class to
make ample provision for the proper
care and support of the latter class.
The able bodied have no moral excuse
for asking alms, or their private and
public support for nothing, yet this is
being practically accomplished under
our present rental system, which takes
its root in the fact that land, including
the coal, rock, natural forests, etc., is
owned and controlled by private parties
for rental incomes.
Land, produce in its different forms, or
the money that represents the produce,
that yields the owners of them great
er annual rental increase than the public
taxes (including the tariff tax) levied
against them, enables the owners of them
to that extent to acquire private and
public benefit at the expense of the pro
ducers from whom the rent is exacted.
Under this system, the producers are
compelled under competition to pay out
an increasing proportion of their pro
duce for the privilege to produce from
the land, and as the result of this condi
tion, they are compelled to pay rent, in
terest or profit for their own produce
which the landlord acquired of them as
rent for the land, and furthermore they
are compelled to support the law that
thus robs them.
Out of this false system of land holding
originates the false idea that competi
tion is the life of trade (which means the
power of the landlord to tax the pro
ducers for his special benefit), that land
and produce are valuable in proportion
to the rent derived from them (which
means human beings as slaves are valu
able in proportion to the rent derived
from them), that improvements enhance
the value of land, etc.
Honest sober men and women, under
increased rent, are reduced to that degree
of poverty where they are tempted to
steal or engage in demoralizing business
for a livelihood, such as the manutacture
and sale of strong drink as a beverage,
counterfeiting, etc.
Nothing injures and destroys the lives
and happiness of the producers so much
as the exaction of their products through
rent.
The real enemies of the producers, of
personal liberty, and of free government,
are the exactors of rent.
Perfect freedom to produce from the
land, freedom to the producers to enjoy
their produce, freedom for them to ex
change their produce as equivalents,
with the proper care of the disabled and
the proper use of the different forms ol
produce would seem'to be the only equit
able solution of the labor problem.
Liucoln, Neb. 1 1 knhy Scott.
STACELAND.
David Belasco's new play Is to deal
with life in Washington, D. C.
The Bostonlans having concluded
their San Francisco engagement, are
now touring.
William Gillette Is rewriting "Secret
Service" and he play will be sent on
tour in a few months.
Georgia Cay van says: "I am willing
to be interviewed, but I refuse to dis
cuss the new woman."
A new prima donna, described by the
critics as wonderful, has just made her
debut in St. Petersburg. Her name is
Helene Chevrier.
In San Francisco De Wolf Hopper as
Wang has made a Golden Gate theatri
cal bull's eye," as the 'Frisco critics
phraso a great big hit.
"Major Andre," written to order for
E. H. Sothern, has been completed for
some time, but it is not likely that it
will be played this season.
Henry M. Stanley is said to have said
that the ancient Egyptians would have
been Jollier if they had had Wizard
Frank Daniels among them.
Half a million of dollars is the sum
that Fanny Davenport is willing to
give to build and endow a retreat for
the destitute of her profession. '
Mrs. John Wood is cast for Mrs. Mal
aprop in "The Rivals" at the Court
Theater, London, with Brandon Thom
as as Sir Lucius and probably William
Farren as Sir Anthony.
Dramatists in France get twelve per
cent of the gross receipts of each play,
and are allowed tickets to the value of
100 francs for every performance of
such plays as they have written.
M. Sardou has read to the company of
the vaudeville his new piece, "Mar-
celle," of which the scene is laid in
Brittany. Madame Jane Hading will
take the chief part. It is to be brought
out in December, and a Russian ver
sion will be played simultaneously at
St Petersburg.
W Lead In Education.
The United States leads all nations
In its educational facilities, a fact
which is proved by the manner in which
the people avail themselves of these
privileges. The report of the federal com
mlssiorer of education shows that in
1S94 the enrollment of pupils in public
schools was 14,012,498, and in private
school! 1,517,770.
NO.
Train Collision at Seward
J. A. Geisler, fireman on the B. & M.
passenger train No. 42 was killed in a
collision at Seward Dec. 2G. Fireman
Jeffries of the other train had a foot
badly crushed, besides receiving other in
juries. N. M. George of York, Mrs. Ida
Ferguson of Lincoln, Mrs.M. Kee of Mar
quett, and R. F. McLeen of Guthrie
Center, la., were all somewhat injured
and badly shaken up.
FASHION'S FANCIES.
Fancy capes continue to be yerJl
popular.
Velvet skirts and sleeves are com
bined with silk waists. ,
Persian lamb is the fur most genejK
ally employed fop capes. i -
The new fur boa is round, but rather
fiat, and is three or four inches deep
about the neck.
Fancy silk waists can be fastened by,
bands of ribbon or velvet.
The most elaborate capes art of vel
vet, but they are often so heavily,
trimmed that this beautiful material
serves only as a background.
The most popular colors for tailor
made gowns seem to be damson, violets,
many purplish reds, golden brown, dark
silver-gray, and the various greens.
Velvet gowns are shown for reception
wear, and are trimmed with lace and
fur, and jeweled girdles worn with
them, while with cloth skirts tight
fitting velvet Jackets are worn, with
toques to match.
Full waists of plain chiffon are used
for evening, and are made quite up to
date by a rich belt of colored mirror
velvet; so it is possible to freshen up a
last year's evening gown in a very ac
ceptable manner, despite the fact that
the latest models have waists and skirt
alike.
Crinoline, hair-cloth, and paper cam
bric are no longer needed to make '
sleeves fashionable, as the lamb's wool
interlining produces Just the correct
puff, and yet It is exceedingly light in
weight. It has but one rival at present,
and that is stiffened Swiss, which Is
used both in sleeves and around the
bottom of many of the new skirts.
Plaid silks make pretty vests and
yokes for tricot and serge gowns, and
plain velvet is a pretty contrast for the
bright plaid woolens which are worn by
girls in their teens, as well as by the
little ones. Dressy gowns for dancing
school parties are made of striped and
flowered taffeta, with plain, straight
skirts and guimpe waists,, finished at
the neck with a wide velvet collar.
Dr. Madden, Eye, Ear, Nose, and
Throat diseases, over Rock Island
ticket office, S W. cor. 11 and O streets.
Glasses accurately adjusted.
LABOR NOTES.
St Paul trade unionists are working
for free text books.
Camden, N. J., unions have organized
a central body.
The bricklayers of Chicago are being
organized Into a national union.
The Internal Co-operative society.
near Pittsburg, declared a 10 per cent
dividend.
In various citie3 the cigarmakers are
advertising their labels by means of
playing cards.
German trade unionists of Cincin
nati are discussing the advisability of
starting a weekly labor paper.
By a new arrangement of the board
of directors, commercial telegraphers
will be admitted to the American Rail
way Union.
The International Printing Press
men's Union has joined the American
Federation of Labor with a member
ship of 2,500.
The National Union of Retail Clerks
has now affiliated with 132 local unions,
and the number is steadily and rapidly
increasing.
The official headquarters of the Jour
neymen Tailors Union o America will
be removed to Bloomfngton, 111. Ther-
final vote was Bloomlngton, 2,446; St.
Louis, 530.
Joseph Bernstein, of Chicago, paid a
fine of $100 and costs the other day for
using a counterfeit label for cigars. The
prosecution was at the instance of the
local cigarmakers' union.
L. P. Davis, Dentist over Rook Is
land ticket office, cor. 11th and 0 streets.
Bridge and Crown Work a specialty.
New Lincoln-Sioux City Train Service
The Elkhorn Line Northwestern now
provides additional to the regular after
noon trains to Sioux City a morning
train by which passengers reach that
place at 1:35 p. m., thus euabling them
to reacb many points beyond the same
day. In the St. Paul service a dining car
has been added which serves supper north
bound and break last south bound.
S. A. Mosber, Genl. Agt. 8. A. Fielding
City ticket agent, 117 So. 10th St.
Af
n