WHY NOT HERE, ALSO? Z2ck f Frmai Prosperity It Du ta Her SpUadld Byotasn f Government Bank. George Batledge Gibson, tha well known New Tork banker, now vlsltr lag Paris, gossip intelligently and en tertainingly of the Bank of France, as follows, in the American Banker: "The present capital of the bank Is 183,500,000 francs, with accumulated reserve, profits, special reserve and landed property reserve of about 42, 000,000 francs in addition. Its shares are of a par value of 1.000 francs, but they sell at about 3,700, and last year they paid a dividend of 113 francs, or about 3 per eent on the investment Here I may cite the progressive de cline in dividends of the bank, which were 250 francs in 1881, 290 in 1883, 22 in 1883, 214 in 1884, 185 in 1885, 155 in 1886, 150 in 1887, 143 in 1888, 153 in 1889, 157 In 1890, 159 in 1891, 130 in 1893, 124 in 1893, and, as I have just said, 113 in 1894. The effects of the world wide panic in 1890, the destruction of enter prise and fall in the rate for money are registered in the earnings of this bank during the past three years, not to count the results of seriously in creasing banking competition. In con section with this it may be interesting to note that French commerce has been benefited for years by the steadiest and lowest rate of discount of any country in the world. The Bank of France has the one central office and an auxiliary place in Paris, Place Van tadour, and besides this in the prov inces it has 94 branches, 38 auxiliary bureaus. 20 annexed localities or branches of branches, 105 towns (villes attaches) visited by the agents of the foregoing branches, or 258 bank ing locations, in all of which the bank rate, as applied in tha city of Paris itself, is equally in force. Thus not only general accom modation is granted to the extreme outoosts of France, but this accommo dation is at a uniform rate of interest It is as if the Chase national bank, for example, had branches throughout the United States in which prevailed the same discount rate on advances made in Kansas City or California as charged in New York city. This shows how deeply the roots of the Bank of France are embedded in the economic system of this country. In 1890, when the a erage rate of the Bank of England was 4.69 per cent and the average rates of the great state ban Us in fans, Lionaon, Berlin, Vienna and Rome were 4.54, the average rate of the Bank of France was 3, So in 1891 it was 3 per cent at the Bank of France, against the gen aral European average of 4.00, 2.07 in 1893 against 3.53, 2W in 1893 against 8.81 and 2tf against 3)tf. It is true that in 1894 the average in London was lower, but English commerce has been ublected to changes that have never been felt in France. The rate may never go quite so love in Paris, but it never goes so bjrh: the inter est rate is always more equitable throughout the year and over a series of years in France than elsewhere in the world. Not only through its numerous branches and uniform rate of interest, uniform throughout France, at any given time, as well as throughout the years, does tha Bank of France furnish perfect ac commodation to the commerce of the whole of France, but likewise by its regulations regarding the size of dis counts it affords to all borrowers, of low as well as of high degree. The statistics of the Bank of France show a gradual enlargement of its opera tions in bills receivable of a small de nomination, an enlargement dispro portionately great compared with the Increase in the number of such bills discounted. For example, there were discounted in 1881, 10,494,849 pieces of commercial paper, all necessarily bear ing three names and for a period of maturity never longer than three months, of an average value of 1,167 francs, or say $333. In 1889, 13,363,431 pieces were discounted of an average Value of 714 francs, or $143, while in 1894, 13,489,506 pieces were discounted of an average value of 646 francs, or 8128. As many of the operations are THE VALUE OF GOLD. It Is Flsad by tha Charter of tha Bank of England and the Coinage un or tna Nation. In the Chicago Times-Herald of June 10, Mr. J, Laurence Laughlin, proles aor of political economy in the Uni versity of Chicago, published the fol lowing article: The idea residing In the words value of money seems to be particu larly open to misunderstanding, ui course, value Is a relative tning. una article can have exchange value only in comparison with something else. Its exchange value is the quantity of other things for which it will ex change. Gold, for instance, may be compared against corn. The value of 23.23 grains of gold, expressed in corn, is the number of bushels oi corn it win exchange for. The value of that gold (a dollar) in general is the quantity oi goods in general for which it will ex change. Now, what follows? It must be as clear as a whistle that value, since it is a relation between two com modities, or between one commodity, like gold, and all other commodities, is affected by anything which touches both of the things compared. If the conditions affecting corn change, but if nothing whatever has changed the conditions affecting gold, then the re lation between gold and corn has been changed. That is, thevalue of gold relatively to corn has been modified, even though nothing whatever has af fected the gold term. In other words, gold can go up in value relatively to corn, whenever corn is cheapened in cost, even though there is as much gold in existence as before. "If this explanation of value be kept clearly in mind, it will be easy to see why a government stamp on money cannot fix its value. The stamp, certi fying that a gold coin contains 23.33 grains of pure gold, is not all that is needed to give to the gold an exchange value; nor is it even an essential. Gold would have a value even if it were never stamped. The stamp is only a convenience to save weighing and as saying at every use of gold. The im portant thing, however, is the quan tity of things for which gold will ex change. How does the minting of gold change the value of gold in the world? The value of gold can be modified not merely by causes affecting the supply and demand of gold, but also by causes affecting the cheapness and dearness of all goods exchanged for gold. If goods are generally cheapened in cost, that means that gold buys more goods, or prices fall; but it does not imply that gold has been limited in quantity. For the cause changing the value of gold did not concern gold at alL Then, if the value of gold, which is its rela tion to other goods, may be changed by fluctuations in the cost of these other goods, how can a government regulate the value of gold? It is im possible for a government to govern the varying costs of commodities in general; it cannot say that goods shall be made this year at higher cost of production, and next year at lower cost of production. Hence it cannot possibly control the value of gold. "The difficulty in trying to control the value of gold and silver becomes more apparent, then, the moment we consider what value is. Since it is a ratio to other goods, the value of gold can be controlled only by governing all the conditions of supply of and de mand for gold, and all the conditions touching cheapness or dearness in cost of producing goods. To attempt to con trol all the conditions affecting the pro cesses of production is absurd. And to suppose that merely minting gold does this is fitill more absurd. But to attempt to cor trol all the conditions of supply of and demand for gold itself, iJ quite as impossible for any go rernment, tais law u-n-c-o-n-a-t-l-t-u- t-i-o-n-a-V What wonderful instru ments these constitutions are. The supreme courts are discovering new meanings in them every day that have been concealed all the years since their adoption and never before suspected to exist These discoveries beat the "great cryptogram" all hollow. Topeka Advocate. Mound Currency. All new schemes of fiat money mnst be strenuously resisted, whether pro posed in the form of depreciated silver or legal tender treasury notes. A safe and elastio system of bank note cur rency must be devised and pat in op eration, both to pave the way for the retirement of the greenback issues of the federal government and to put a stop to the constant and dangerous de mands upon congress for "more mon ey." The treasury of the United States, thus relieved from the responsibility imposed upon it in respect to the cur rency, will then be free most effect ively to Derform its legitimate func tions the collection and disbursement of federal revenues. Platform of the Reform Club. Gold is said to have been discovered at the bottom of ' he ocean, near Los Angeles, CaL Now, if all the gold- bugs could be sent to the bottom after - It, the world would be better off. In . dependent The bankers are a unit in opposl I tion to populism, but in perfect har mony with the dominating power of i both old parties. Chicago Express. For instance, how couMrany govern ment foresee and contm the produc tion and supply of jfold which sudden ly came into knowledge with the dis coveries in California and Australia about 1850? How, also, could we fore see the aslibnishing increase of the gold nroduet now going on in the African mines? This product has recently in creased the total product of the world until it has reached a greater amount annually than ever before in the his tory of the precious metals, it is evi dent, at once, that, even on the gold side of the comparison, there are con ditions of tremendous importance to h vn.lnA of cold wholly outside the control of any governmental legisla' tion." On June 11, in the introductory to another article. Mr. Laughlin said: "It might be supposed that when a immrnmnnt fixed unon a metal nice gold as the standard of payments, mauo a legal tender and gave it tree coin ...... . . . 3 M . I A. 1, r. age, tnat it naa creaieu wr m Coin' calls an unlimlted aemana. This is a noint that deserves discussion. "Already careful examination nas shown how impossible it Is for a gov ernment to control the value of a metal bv selecting It as the material of mon ey. It has become perfectly evident that no state can control tne exenange relations of goods in general, with all their comnlicated conditions or proouc- . . . ,;i Unn as over atrainst one metal, iiko either gold or silver. That goes with out saying. But that is a large matter affecting the value of gold. "And yet it must seem natural mat if a government adopts gold as a legal tender and gives it free coinage it cre ates such a demand for it as to perma nently regulate its value. This Is cer tainly a mistake." It will be noticed that Mr. ljaugnun nersists in leaving out "supply and de mand" as factors in determining tne nrices of roods and commodities. But he is careful not to give the cause oi the recent rise in the price of wheat The "basic fallacy" upon which pres ent monetary systems are built is the assnmDtion that the present value of gold is real, actual and natural, rather than artificial and fictitious, the result of monetary legislation. Look at the facts. It is stated that there are something like 200,000,000 ounces of gold In the world in the form of coined money, and an unknown onantitv in the shape of gold plate, jewelry, eto. The annual product for the post ten years has averaged about 6,000,000 ounces, about ne-haii ox which has been used "in the arts.' If gold were demonetized, as silver has been, and coinage privilege denied to it by the principal nations of the earth, what would gold be worth with fifty years' supply on hand and an annual production twice as large as tne com mercial demand for it? The gold dol lar is essentially a "fiat" dollar, and all talk about "parity" and "ratio" is unmeaning and absurd, so long as we balance against each other two metals, only one of which has a fiat or legal and arbitrary value. There can be no natural ratio between two metals oc cupying an unnatural relationship to each other. But not only is it not true that "the stamp of the government upon a gold coin does not make its value," but the stamp of the government, impressed by virtue of coinage laws, makes a gold coin the value itself. We compare, dif ferentiate and express all values in terms of one, ten or fifty dollars, as the case may be. Not so, however, with the quantity of metal coined into a gold dollar. We do hot say of it that it shall be worth $1, but that it shall be SI, and this privilege of being con verted into a dollar we confer upon ev ery 25.8 grains of standard gold not de manded for use in the arts; with tne result that no gold ean be obtained for use in the arts for less value, so that millions of gold coins are annually melted and used in arts. Having thus not given 25. 8 grains of standard gold the value of SI, but constituted it the dollar itself, we proceed to measure the value of all other commodities, as guaged by the law of supply and de mand, with the gold dollar thus arti ficially created by the flat of law. The grotesaue absurdity of the me tallic fallacy can best be recognized in an attemot to measure the value of a commodity in its own terms or by it self. Under our coinage laws we de clare by fiat of law that 25. 8 grains of standard gold shall be one dollar, and then gravely assert that 25.8 grains of gold are worth one dollar. This is simply equivalent to saying that a dol lar is worth a dollar. Imagine lis es saying to prove the worth of a bushel of corn by Baying that it was worth a bushel of corn. And yet that is nrecisely what we do in the case of the gold dollar. We never can tell just what gold and silver are really worth until we cease to use them as money and allow their relative values, as com' pared to that of other commodities, to be differentiated and expressed in terms of abstract and ideal monetary units, . , , mi , or value denominators, ine vaiue is in the commodities exchanged, and not in the money through and by the medium of which they are exchanged. The mind of the average plutocrat is fearfully constructed and wonderfully made and its workings are past the comDrehension of finite wisdom. With the object lesson that wheat has re' cently affordei staring him in the face, and in spite of the fact that ru mors of a badly damaged crop almost doubled the price of wheat, Mr. Laugh lin does not consider supply and de mand as factors in affixing commodity prices. . By the way, an illustrative argument can be based upon wheat and its price that ought to cause even Mr. Laughlin to blush with shame and confess that the government's stamp on gold fixes its value. It Is almost universally claimed, and Mr. Laughlin will con cede, that the price of the entire wheat crop of the United States is governed and controlled by the import price, in England, of the exportable surplus, such price being fixed by the surplus supply of foreign wheat available for her importation, the demand for con sumption of her own people and the value of gold money within her bor ders. Now suppose, for the sake of argument, that the English govern ment should make an offer, by law, good for five years, of-two dollars a bushel for all wheat brought to England. Would not all wheat, everywhere, at once become worth two dollars a bushel, less the cost of transportation to En gland? Just so, also, with gold. The bank of England, by the terms of its charter, is compelled to pay a certain price in money for all gold offered at its counters, while other nations do the same Identical thing by virtue of their coinage laws, whereby every ounce of gold not required for the arts has imparted to it a certain and in variable monetary value. The same argument applies to silver under free coinage. If silver were re habilitated and unrestricted coinage privileges accorded to it the world over, at a ratio of 16 to 1, every ounce of silver would at once become worth SI. 29, because, as is the case with gold, it would become the measure of its own value. The rule is this: When unrestricted coinage privileges are ac corded to a metal and a certain mone tary value is given by law to a given quantity of such metal, the commercial value is merged into the monetary value and the total output of such metal acquires and commands the monetary value into which it may freely be converted by taking it to the mint The truth which the money power is a i 1 anxious to moe Deneata a veu oi se crecy is that the true money value is auantitive, not intrinsic dependent noon the number of money units in circulation, not upon the material of which such units are composed. If, then, the abstract "unit of value" be the gold dollar, see to it that the vol ume of fnll legal tender money units is sufficient to maintain prices. Each additional issue of legal tender, paper money units decreases the value of the gold dollar, provided such money, so Railed, is inconvertible and not redeem able in gold, or is in excess of gold held in the treasury for its redemption. UEORGK U WARD. Three Cent Column. "For Bale." "Wanted." Pot Exchanxe."aa mall advertisement for short time, will be charged three eeata per word for each Inser tion, initials or a nnmoer coon mm aa mm word. Cash with the order If yon vaii anything, or have anywise laa anybody else "wants," make It known thrones thla column. It will pay. F BANK D. Street. EAGER. Attornej-at-Law. 10M 0 SEED CORNiUl'I.SST.o: Voorblea, 10. a wi JiSON, Burr's block, Lincoln, Neb. WANTED Fire and cyclone agents. Good1 pay. J. Y. M. Swlgart, See'y, Lincoln. Neb. 8TU WANTBD Oevtleiaaa or lady to sal Dobta's Alamlanra Coffee Bcoaomlaen flts any eoflat ot: aaTM one-third the coffee. Arthur I uoDle i Co., U Wabaah Are., Chicago, 111. THE ACME 8DBSOII.EB at tachea to any plow. Baud for circular. A. U FUNK. State Agent, Lincoln. Neb. FARMERS Doble'i Coflee Eeonomlier makee your eonV laet twice ae loan. Ftte any pot. Free circular Artaar Ik Doble vo.,xu n eu t -. in $750.00 A Year and All Expenses. We want a lew mora General Agent, ladle or a-entlemen, to travel and appoint agents on oar new publication. Full particular given on ap plication. If yon apply please aend reference, and (tare business experience, aire and aend pho tograph. If yon cannot travel, write n lor term to local canvaer. Dept. Kara, 8. 1. BELL CO., Philadelphia, Fa. lAtrMoSlNARY OFFER I ! W We waut lucu more active agent before T July lt. We will guarantee Sao to S30 per day 1 ean be easily made In any locality ; our good f) V tell thmelvei ; we f urntah a large roll of ample entirely 1REK and allow to per J tcent. commission on all ale. Send to-day W for full particular, or we will end with A nmti Val liable (ample of our goon in w in il. fi.llil llwa nrwin TCWfltnt Of 10 CBlllt . Oil W V . I i . VafoKHgharf til 1HKV- A i i drew, HTAiflaw JJt IWWWMtJ'aww m - . P "a" - Known as TIIE ELK HORN in Ne braska, is the Pioneer line to Hot Springs, Rapid Citv. Dtmdwood. Lead City, S. D., and Central Wyoming, and is the best line by which to reach these and all northern ana northeastern Nebraska places in a quick and comfortable manner. Palace sleep ing cars, free reclining chair cars, and standard dav coaches are provided for this daily Bervice. Morning and after noon train service is maintained as far west as Norfolk: northeast to Omaha and Sioux City, and east to Chicago. City ticket office 117 So. 10th St. Depot corner S and 8th Sts. GILLILAN'S Want Column. Tj0R SALE. Meat, five room cottage, near chool nd car line. Cheap. "COR BALE. Fine home In Lincoln. All lUe and price. T70R SALE. FlTe-acre tract, near collage and car line. Cbeap. TOR SALE. Twenty acre. Good even-room L house, barn, windmill and trait. T7OR SALE. 120-acre farm, near Lincoln, im A. proved, a bargain at 135 per acre. 170 R SALE. 820 acres, well improved, lOmilM X' oi ! Lincoln, at a bargain. FOR SALE. 160 acres, well Improved, 12 mile of Lincoln. Would take an improved 80 part pay. FOR SALE. 160 acres, 8-room honae, four mile ol Lincoln ; only $7,000, for (hort time. TTOR SALE. 300 acres. Improved, good land. X' near Milford, $36 per acre. A lie will die from nesrlect sooner than in any other way. The only rea son why some lies grow so large is that everybody pets and feeds them. Peo ple's Kecord. Every free silver man can find rest and peace in the people's party. From present indications he can find neither elsewhere. uu tier (Ma) union. FOR SALE. Plantation near Oreenwood, Tenn., 2781 acre, homestead, cottage, store, cabins, gin mill, and other building, living water, timber, rich bottom land, about 900 acre culti vated. An ideal (tock, grain and cotton farm. Only $6 per acre for a short time. A rare chance. FOR EXCHANGE. Soven Improved proper tie in Lincoln, worth $16,600, encumbrance $8,100 on part of it, some of it clear, for a good farm. Splendid opportunity to get good lnoome property. IjiOR EXCHANGE. Lot and two houses, dear, 1 tor land in Lancaster County. OR EXCHANGE. 160 acre farm, Herrlcx County, 6 room house, barn, granery, 120 acres In cultivation; ail can be cultivated; well and fruit, fine farm. Will take part pay in horses and cattle, or good city property. It will pay yon to look it np. FOR EXCHANGE, 80 acres, well Improved, foi 160 acres. Will pay difference. T70R EXCHANGE. Good 8 room X1 York, or hardware or Lincoln property. house Is FOR EXCHANGE. Eight room house In Bea trice, tor Lincoln property. TJIOR EXCHANGE. Hotel building in David X' City lor Lincoln property. FOR EXCHANGE. Fifty Binders, tor clear land. Davis Platform house and T-OR EXCHANGE. Seven room two lota on corner, close in to business cen ter Lincoln. Would consider improved land in eastern or central Nebraska. T-OR EXCHANGE. Five acres, well Improved, A? room honae, all modern convenience, bath. 11 it HUd cold water, closet, sewerage, etc., barn, ti-u houe, well, windmill, two tanks, trnit and HhmK An Ideal suburban home. Would like an improved farm near station in central or eastern .Nebraska. All kinds of Real Estate and Merchan dise, and would be pleased to serve you, Gillilan Investment Co. (001 0 St. (ground floor) LINCOLN, - NEBRASKA. GEMS FR0.1 THE POETS. A Magnificent Work of Art. 200 Poems WITH OVEl -200 Illastration: , Poems Breathing of Love and the Divine, Poems of JoyandHappineKf.I'ociiia Full of Wit and Humor, Poems that Sing tbe Bongs of Nature and tbe Heart, of Memory nnd Longi ng, of tbe Home and Family, of the Woods nnd Fields, of the Rivers and Lakes.of Youth und Beau ty, of the Seasons, and of Life Eternal. Pictures of Land anil Sea, of Stately ships and Hun -ble Fishermen's Bnt, -f Quiet Farm-house uiid Frowning Fortress, of Peaceful Meadows and Dark Forests, of Raging Storms and Calm Moon light Nights, of Ancient Castle and the Little 11 u:, of Beckoning Church steeple and Guiding Lighthouse, of Birds and Flowers, of Sweet Girls and Children, of Illustri ous Poets. William Cullen Bryant. Being a Superb Collee'ion of the Most Famous Pooms from the Works of tiie Most Illustrious Poetf, and the Entire Book Hand somely Illustrated with Beautiful Engravings by World-renowned Artist?, makes this One of tiie Grandest Books of the Cen tury, theEngravinps A lone Costing at least 820,0C0.Ui, Being Made for a Book lo Retail at H00 to S10.U0. This Marvelous Book Should be in Every Home NO OTHER BOOK LIKE IT. The Sublime Thought, the Pure Language, the Perfect Style Given Va nj these Noted Scholars and Poets, Is Perfect Food for the Mind. The Beautiful Pictures, the Deep Love and Sentiment Expressed, the True Religion Taught by these Gifted Hen, Is Balm as Well aa Food for the Soul. It Educates the Children, It Entertains the Visitor, It Delights Everybody, Both Young and Old. We only have space here to give the names of a few of the illustrious poets whose poems are in this book: Whtttier, Longfellow, Lowell, Bolma, Bryant, Tennyson, Burnt, Foe, Wordsworth, Scott, CMfeliKr, Browning, Saxe, Emerson, Arnold, Holland, Hood, Pope, Southey, Byron, Anil, Shabipere, Shelley, Coleridge, Charles Kingaley, Heine, Swinburne, Dante, Gray, butticy, Halleck, Schiller, Milton and many others. Tbe famous artists of two continents have been called upon for the best productions to grace the pages of this work. Read the following partial list : Allan Barravd, W.' H. J. Bool, E. F. Brewtnall, R.W.S., Frank Dadd, R.I., M. Elhn FAwtirdt, V. Bixetrmbe Gardner, Mary L. Gow, R.I., Davidson Mnowles, E. Blair LeigMon, II. Giacomelli, W. HathereU, J. Hash. As poetry Is the cream of literature, and as this collection is the cream of aH poetry, this maguineent work should be possessed by every person who reads the ngusn . m. , m . , . 1 . -. 1 j a ....T.iT.t TiinlrA a roll per 1 on i:wmuue. lneworasoi iue oesi. uumtr nie cajjcubiyc. m,w..y of the poets and see what It will cost you; you will need hundreds of dollars to get h tlf way through the list. Besides, in the works of a niir way biiroutni me list. xesiuc. 111 te wuiiko i, m i-l,v- - - - , . r of chiilf along with the wheat, and to find the real grain you would need to hunt tiiruKh many bulky volumes. But here is a work which presents to you the very Mseu-'i! oi 1111 tnat is gooa ineneciar wivnoui. any ui mo j,. i. C . -v a ripe scholar who has, by gift and training, the rare faculty of choosing the best,, t .us assuring to the readers a rich feast. The work is most proiuseiy iiiuwtrau-u. Beautiful engravings illustrate the poems. These illustrations were engraved by the most noted artists of America and Europe, and are masterpieces In every sense or the word. Fine pictures of some of the most popular poets are also given. Most pf the engravings are full-page siae. Each page is 8 inches wide and 10 Inches long, lncludlur margin. As a book for the center-taole it is unexeeiieo. 01.00 POST-PAID. nm nThBCThn Has for eighteen years been the chief agricuV FArlVl RjiD pIFBSlUta tural and famiiy journal of America. Pro gressive, practical and trustworthy, it not only is a recognized authority in all things agricultural, but being especially adapted to every member of the farmer's family, has gained a present circulation of over 250,000 copies per issue. It is unique in all depart ments, employing the ablest writers for its columns. Twice a month, with 29 to 28 pages of attractive and profitable reading in each number. The price, 50 cents a year, is onfy rendered possible by the enormous circulation. DOLLARS DO DOUBLE DUTY. The Weatlh Makers,' . . . $1.00 Farm and Fireside. .... .50 200 roems, . . . ..too ALL 3 FOR $1.50. $2.50 Address, The Wealth Makers, Lincoln. Neb. TAKE NOTICE! Book and Job Printing In all its branches. County Printing and Supplies Lithographing . . . Book Binding Engraving From the simplest style to the most elaborate. Of all kinds. Blank Books In every style. Legal Blanks The Red Line Series, the handsomest Blank in the country, printed on Bond Paper at less expense tbaa other houses furnish them on ordinary flat paper. Stereotyping From superior hard metaL Printers' Rollers Made by an expert from the beat and most durable material. Country Printers Having county or other work, which they cannot themselves handle, would make money by writing ns for terms. WEALTH MAKERS PUB. CO, Lincoln, Neb.