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VOL. VI. : LINCOLN, NEB., THURSDAY, FEBRUARY 14, 1895. 1 ' 1 ' ;'' . '.' ' " NO 36
A
SO MOVES THE WORLD.
" We sleep and waits anl sleep, bat all thing
more; '
The 8nn tliea forward to his brother Son :
The dark Earth follows, wheeled In h- ellipse;
And human things, returnlntt on themselves.
Hove onward, leading up the golden year."
The Argentine Republic is taking away
cur foreign market for wheat.
Mrs. Augusta L. Tabor of Denver is
dead and leaves property worth $1,500,
000. There is a big brewery lobby in Wash
ington working against raising the tax
on beer.
The Plate Glass Trust is being organ
ized on a capital basis of $10,000,000
stock.
A big strike of Pennsylvania coal
miners is reported imminent. It is to re
sist a reduction in wages.
' Thegreat Pillsbury-Washburn flouring
mills of Minneapolis have decided to re
duce the wages of all their employes.
Col. Benjamin Aycrigg of Passaic, N.
J., died Feb. 5, aged 91. He leaves real
estate in New York City and other pro
perty worth several millions.
A labor arbitration bill has finally
been agreed upon in the house commit
tee. Chairman McGann of the committee
end Carroll D. Wright approve the bill.
The shoemakers of New England, hith
erto divided into several organizations,
cutters, lasters and others, are agitating
the subject of one organization to include
all. So moves the world.
Alexander Steele of Chicago, rich, died
last week. His pug dog missed his usual
feed at night of one pound of candy, and
howled dismally. The dog's regular
candy rations have cost about $1,500.
The Diamond Match trust held
their annual meeting February 6 and
divided among the stockholders $1,000,
O00 surplus in the shape of new stock.
The capital stock will thus be raised to
$11,000,000.
The Santa Fe train No. 1, going out of
Hutchinson, Kansas, at 10:15 Tuesday
night of last week, was held up by ban
dits, and the robbers forced the passen
gers to disgorge all cash and valuables
they had with them.
The Manufacturers' Club of Philadel
phia has approved the plan for the form
ation of a national association of manu
facturers decided on at a convention re
cently held in Cincinnati. Organize, co
operate, or be slaves.
Henry W. Blair's successor in Congress,
Hon. Cyrus A. Sulloway of New Hamp
shire, is in favor of silver. He is the only
man in Congress from New England who
has taken a stand against the prevailing
gold basis creed of the east.
Congressman Carminetti of California
has introduced a bill to restrict railway
privileges and compel the forfeiture of all
unpatented lands of land grants to rail
ways whose bonds have not been re
deemed, the Pacific roads and others.
The bread business is controlled by the
United States Bakers' Trust. It is there-
fore respectfully suggested . that the
Lord's Prayer, in its petition for daily
bread, be amended to address the Bak
ers' Trust, instead of the once-worshiped
Aimignty x atner.
Fifty bodies have been taken from a
mine in trance in which was an explosion
of fire-damp. This makes nearly 200
who have been killed in tips same mine.
They died to make dividends for the men
who owned the mines, and their families
will receive no pensions.
Judge Dundy has advertised that he
will sell, at Sioux City, May 1st, the Sioux
City, O'Neill & Western Railway com
pany. The federal court order for the
sale was made December 7, 1894, and is
doneon suitof the Manhattan Trust com
pany of New York city.
The Chicago Times is authority for At
torney General Olney's remark to a west
ern senator: "I'll break up every labor
union in the country with the anti-trust
law before we're through, for I will make
, every strike the basis for locking up ev
ery man who counsels or is concerned in
it before it is begun."
At a private meeting of representatives
of the Scotch oil companies in London,
February 5, the agreement recently ar
rived at with the Standard Oil company,
by which the price of solid parafiae was
increased 1 farthing a pound was rati
fied. It was further agreed to adjust
prices so as to curtail production.
Great destitution is reported among
Kansas and Oklahoma farmers. A letter
to a local minister from a reputable citi
zen at Blackburn, Oklahoma says: "Go
where you will throughout this entire
section, you will find men, women and
children shivering and sta-ving no
clothes, no food, no light, no hope."
The volume of domestic business com
pared with the trade we have with other
countries is as 120 to 1. We sell, in
rouud numbers, $900,000,000 abroad in
a year, and $120,000,000,000 at home.
Yet the politicians have kept the Ameri
can people fighting each other over the
tariff as the all-important question the
most of the time since we became a na
tion. A big pine lumber trust has just been
organized by the lumbermen ot Georgia
and Alabama. Arkansas and, Louisiana
lumbermen are already organized and
next week Mississippi will also join. A
company will allot to each mill the
nmntinr, nf wnrlr it la to do nnri jwa Hint
there is no cutting of rates by any of the
niemoers.
Three hundred alien diamond cutters
brought over from Holland after the
duty on cut stones was raised, are re
ported about to strike for higher wages.
Grin. Booth of the Salvation Army has
decided to locate his over-sea colony in
Mauitoba instead of Australia. Ho is
thus trying to save the "submerged
teuth."
It is announced that John D. Rockfel
ler is intending to give money to Roman
Catholic charities. Not a bad stroke of
business if he can do it and escape Pro
testant criticism.
The 150,000 machines used in this
country making shoes, have displaced
2,2o0,000 hand workmen, or run stead
ly they can do the work of that number
of hand workmen.
The fire losses during the panic year
showed an increaseof $20,000,000 above
the normal rate, and an expert says this
"is not unusual nor unexpected." Yes,
it is easy to see why.
Ex-Senator Warren of Wyoming owns
a ranch in that state containing 7,500
square miles. It is exactly six times the
size of the state of Rhode Island, and is
almost the area of Massachusetts.
The Australian colonies are consider
ing the passing of a law providing a
graded land tax which will compel ab
sentee landlords to pay 20 per cent
higher rates than resident owners.
AMilan,0hio,bank was robbed by safe
crackers feb.7,and $30,000 m currency,
besides a large lot of Nickel Plate bonds,
4 percent registered United States bonds
and electric bonds, were gotten away
with.
The latest invention of note is one
which transmits the pen as well as the
voice, by the electric current. A person
who is writing in Loudon has his writing
instantaneously reproduced in Paris, all
the chirographical characteristics being
preserved perfectly.
There are 34,000 retail stores ia Chi
cago. Thegreat department stores are,
however, absorbing the retail business
of the city. Just now an agitation is
made against the department stores, but
it aan avail nothing. -The big stores
economize labor, and will therefore in
time gather the principal part of there-
tail business.
John D. Rockefeller one year ago
bought nearly all the stock and bonds of
the Duluth, Messabe & Northern railroad
and on his bonds and stock has been
realizing 8 and 10 per cent on his invest
ment, besides a clear surplus ol $200,000
remaining undivided.
A gas well has just been struck near
Blufftown, Ohio, tftat is estfmated to be
good for 3,000,000 feet. The pressure
was so strong that it blew the casing out
of the bole and the roar of the well can
be heard many miles. The government
should take the expense of siuking holes
to the natural gas reservoirs and pro
vide gas to the people at cost.
Rev. J. C. Reid, a Baptist minister in
Portland, Ore., robbed a bank in East
Portland, at the point of a revolver, but
was covered by the gun of a rescuer and
arrested before getting away. He claim
ed that he had nothing to conceal, that
destitution and desperation drove him
to the crime. He had a wife and two
children.
A family consisting of father and three
children were fonnd almost famished and
uearly frozen in the basement of a ten
ement in New York, last Friday. The
only furniture in the dingy cheerless
house was a mattress, a table and a
stove without a fire. They had no bed
ding even and hardly enough clothes to
cover their nakedness. A few blocks
away a man froze to death. ,
A mass meet;ug of Brooklyn citizens
called to protest against the action of
the police authorities Monday in denying
the strikers the right of assembling at
the City Hall, was itself broken up by the
police at the Athenaeum. The speakers
who were to address the meeting were
Henry George, Rev. Mr. Carwardine of
Pullman, III., Rev. Dr. Lyman Abbott
and Congressman Tom L. Johnson.
The Chicago News says: "Sentiment
favoring municipal control of natural
monopolies is expanding in all parts of
the country and among all classes of
people. The national board of trade,
which is now in session in Washington,
has for recommendation among other
things government ownership of rail
ways, telegraph, and like things of great
magnitude, showing that the sentiment
in question is not confined solely to the
non-capitalistic classes.
"The fourth death from outright star
vation occurred in Washington, D. C, a
few days ago," writes Mrs. Diggs. "Jas.
Scott, a sober, honest man who had
spent the winter seeking work, fell faint
ing and died at the door of the police
station he was going to beg to be taken
in for shelter from the cold. The dead
man's hollow cheeks, sunken eyes and
emaciated frame told the storv of the
slow torture which took him to where
the wicked cease from troubling and the
weary ere at rest." The Washington
papers report an "Alarming number of
skilled workmen out of work in the city
and that for lack of funds the Charity
Union must shut its doors to the poor.
Think of it, people starving (because out
of work) right under the shudow of the
great building where the nation's laws
are made and justice is sunnnRerl tn hnil
her seatl 1
THE ECOKOMIC SITUATION
Of the Farm r In the Existing Indus
trial Organization
Address of Prof. William A.Jones ot Hastings
before the annual meeting of the Nebraska Far
mers Alliance at Kearney, January, 1895.
The farmers stand for a class in an
organized industrial system', the purpose
of which is the production and.it may be
assumed theoretically only, the equitable
distribution of wealth or economio
goods.
The parte of this system are mining,
manufacturing, agriculture and com
merce. This division of the industrial
system is based on the nature of the
productive processes. Collateral to these
processes are many other forms of in
dustrial activity; as those of artisans,
shop-keepers, professional men t and
laborers. : 1
The vast majority of the people of all
civilized nations is engaged iuand identi
fied with some form of these industries,
All ought to be. For, on the highest
authority, "He who will not work;
neither shall heeat." The various forms
of industry are organically related, and
the economic goods wealth produced
by the industrial organization are social
products. Take the farmer's plow no
one man can say, ,"I made this." It is
not an iudividual, but a social product
Begin at the iron mine, follow the ex
cavating of the ore, the smelting and
running into pigs, the transporting to
another plant where the pigs are melted,
cast into bars, annealed and rolled into
bars and sheets, converted into steel,
again transported to a plow factory and
formed into mould boards and other
parts. Then follow the wood from the
forest to its present form and placed in
plow, and it will be seen that all these
processes require tne services oi a com'
Dletelv organized industrial society.
The production of the plow directly or
indirectly involved tne labor, mental ana
nhvsical. of every useful class of persons
in the organized industrial society. The
plow is a social product.
So everythine today which enters into
consumption food, clothing and shelter
all the comforts and luxuries of life-
are social products.
All production is socialized production.
The labor of millions of men utilizing the
achievements and gains of other millions
of men of past generations are supplying
our wants and furnishing us with the
daily comforts and luxuries of life.
The founding of great states here, in
what was once "the great American
desert," is an achievement of industrial
conditions which have culminated in the
last half of the present century. The
question which confronts us today is
whether, with all this inherited and
acquired industrial power, we shall be
able to "hold the fort" much longer.
The economically weak have already
fied from the state, by the hundreds, and
other hundreds feel their wings starting.
However, the Farmers Alliance and In
dustrial Union proposes to stay to the
end of the struggle.
While production is socialized, distri
bution is still individualized, as will ap
pear. Herein lies an antagonism.
Enough wealth economic goods are
produced yearly to supply amply the
necessaries, comforts and many of the
luxuries of life to every industrious and
deserving citizen of the republic, if the
mode of distribution were socialized to
correspond with the mode of socialized
production in other words, if equitably
distributed. Ia the distribution of the
social wealth the share which falls to the
farmers as a class is inequitable, and in
sufficient to enable them to maintain
their position in the industrial system as
a body of independent laborers as a
yeomanry. The antagonism which arises
from the inequitable distribution of the
social wealth as it affects the class of
farmers I hope to make clear.
No intelligent explanation of the mode
of wealth distribution can be given or
understood without first pointing out
the factor of distribution. '1 he produc
tion of wealth must precede its distribu
tion. The factors of production are at the
same time factors of dii ution. We
need then first to examine me factors of
production. They, according to ortho
dox economy, are land, labor and capi
tal. The thought of the economist includes
all natural means of production in the
term land, it includes not only the soil
we till, but the mines, the forests, the
fisheries, the power and forces of nature
or the planet as it came to the hands
of man, or, as man came to the use of it.
Labor is the exertion of the brain, nerve
and muscle of a human being in the pro
duction of an economic good, some
form of wealth.
Capital is a portion of wealth set apart
to aid in the production of more wealth.
It is embodied labor.
A little reflection will show any one
that land and labor are the primary
factors of production.
Land alone has no value. It is an
utility. Alone it produces no economic
goods. Labor alone produces nothing.
No wealth economic goods can be pro
duced without bringing land and labor
together. Separate the two factors,
land and labor, or land and the laborers
(Continued on 8rd page.)
Jl?
Ml
Quarreling, Whitewashing and Junketing
Fills the Time.
iTHE UNIVERSITY APPROPRIATION
KILLED
i
Oleo Must be Labeled and Uncolored
The Senate Still Tramples on the
Law Parson Ludden's Trials
Stewart After Him
. Hilton a Law to Himself
The work done by the legisluture dur
ing the past week has not been at all
stupendous. Most of the time has been
spent in settling various quarrels among
the Republicans. This and whitewash
ing and preparing to go on junketing
trips and keeping more employees in the
senate than the law allows and acting on
. a number of bills that don't interest any
body much except the lawyers, these
cover about all the week's misdeeds.
KILLING THE UNIVERSITY APPROPRIATION.
The bill to make a half mill additional
levy for the benefit of the state univer
sity was killed in the house by a very
close vote. The proposed Appropriation
would amount to aboutf 60,000. There
is a similar bill in the senate, which the
friends of the university declare they will
push, but it will probably meet a similar
fate.
OLEO MUST BE LABELED.
A bill passed the senate compelling all
hotel keepers, proprietors of eating
houses, etc., who use oleomargarine or
butterine, to advertise the fact to the
world. The voto in favor of the bill waa
almost unanimous. It will unquestion
ably pass both houses and become a law.
Tbe.only people fighting it are the stock
yards people ot honth umana.
- SENATE WILL KEEP ITSJJMPLOYKS.
The senate had another fight over its
extra employes last week. The result
was that it still continues to defy the
law and to loo the state treasury in or
der to furnish soft snaps for thirty-three
unnecessary men. I here were seven re
publicans in the senate who had man
hood enough to vote to cut down this
number, but the gang who run things
were too many for these and the seven
Pops, so the ninety-eight employes will
stay and will all be paid for every day of
the session, while many of them will not
do a single day's work in the whole time.
It might be as well to state right here
that the Republican claim that the Pop
ulist senate of '93 was just as bad is a
lie. That senate had only sixty-eight
employes and the law limiting the num
ber to sixty-six was not then in existence.
LUDDEN'S TRIBULATIONS.
The bouse committee appointed to in
vestigate Rev. Ludden and the relief
commission reported this week. Said re
port was a sort of wishy-washy, namby
pamby affair, which neither approved
nor condemned. What it should have
done was to have asked Ludden's resig
nation, but it did not, so the people will
have to put up with him and starve and
shiver it out as best they may.
Over in the senate Senator Stewart
and others roasted Mr. Ludden to the
Queen's taste. Stewart is a terror when
he gets stirred up. In response to a res
olution adopted by the senate, the gov
ernor wrote a letter to each member of
the relief commission urging that all pos
sible diligence be used in sending out sup
plies and that each member of the com
mission stay right at headquarters and
assist. It is but justice to say that the
work is going forward in better shape
the last week or two than before.
JUNKETING TRIPS.
The legislature adjourned from Friday
forenoon last to Thursday afternoon, a
period of six days. The time was spent
by members of the senate and house go
ing on junketing trips to the various
state institutions. These trips cost the
state $5 per day per member and ex
penses. As there were about a dozen
from each house who went the cost would
be considerable.
Be it said to their credit that not a
single Populist or Democrat went on
any of these trips. They were all Repub
licans. Hilton's sublime gall.
An now comes L. P. Hilton, ex-oil in
spector, and says that inasmuch as there
is no law for inspecting gasoline, he re
fuses to turn over to tha state any of the
money collected for that purpose. He
further says that he did not inspect the
gasoline at all, though he received some
thing like $ o.OOO in fees for doing so,
thus admitting that he is not only a
thief but a swindler as well. The people
of the state stand breathless before this
man's supply of gall.
It is claimed now that (Jov. Crounse
appointed Hilton because the latter
owed him money. "
den tie reader, Republican politics in
this state is a sweet-scented affair.
How do you like it? J. A. E.
Dr. Darts, diseases of teeth and mouth.
NEBRASKA LAWMAKEKS
Senator Allen's Platform.
Editor Wealth Makers:
Senator Allen, Populist senator (?)
from Nebraska, lately entertained the
United States senate by reading a plat
form containg thirteen planks, and he
is reported in the Nonconformist as
saying to the senate:
'These paragraphs I hsve read em
brace the principles of tho Populist party
as I understand them to exist." ,
We take the liberty to call the atten
tion of the honorable seuator to the fact
that he was elected on the Omaha plat
form; that he is expected to labor dili
gent to enact into law the principles of
that platform in their entirety.
If it wae desirable to bring the princi
ples of the Populist party to the atten
tion of the senate why didn't Senator
Allen read the Omaha platform? What
right has Seuator Allen to assume that
any other platform "embraces the prin
ciples of the Populist party"?
We call the attention of Senator Allen
to the following, taken from the Omaha
platform:
finance.
We demand a national currency, safe,
sound and flexible; issued by the general
government only; a full legal tender for
all debts public and private; and that
without the use ol bankingcorporations;
a just, equitable and efficient means of
distributfon direct to the people, at a tax
not to exceed 2 per cent per annum.
We demand that postal savings banks
be established by the government tor the
safe deposit of the earnings of the people
and the facilitation of exchange.
transportation.
Transportation being a means of ex
change and a public necessity, the gov
ernment should own and operate the
railroads in the interest of the people.
The telegraph and telephone, like the
post office system, being a necessity, for
the transmission of news, should be
owued and operated by the government
in the interest of the people.
The principle of the government own
ership of all railroads and their opera
tion at cost price; the principle of gov
ernment ownership of the telegraph and
the telephone; the principle of govern
ment loans direct to the people at 2 per
cent; the principle of postal savings
banks, through which the government
may make its loans to the people, are
the only principles in the Omaha plat
form worth making a party fight for,
They are the only principles seriously ob
jected to by the railroad, telegraph,
banking and other corporations.
When Senator Allen formulates a plat
form and leaves out the essentials, the
very life of the Omaha platform, and un
dertakes to sidetrack the Populist party
on a platform of meaningless generali
tieshe may not "understand it." But
he practically places himself square in
line with the corporations that now en
slave the people.
The Populist party is a unit in favor
ot tne government ownership of the rail
roads. More than 50 per cent of the
voters of the old parties are in favor of
the same. Many business men and the
best educators in the land are filling up
the ranks of the Populist party because
the party demands government and mu
nicipal ownership of all the monopolies
that are now robbing the people.
For the control of the railroads and
other monopolies Senator Allen's plat
form contains the following:
'5. All corporations must be strictly
3onflned to the legitimate purposes of
their creation, and laws must be enacted
for the prohibition of trusts and combi
nations which injuriously affect com
merce, laDor and industry.
o. We denounce pooling, stock wat
ering and discrimination in the rate
charges of the railroads, telegraph and
telephone companies and demand that
Congress shall by appropriate legislation
effectually correct such abuses."
For years the old parties have periodi
cally regaled the people with similar res
olutions in their platforms. The Inter
state Commerce and Anti-Trust laws are
the embodiment of the old party ideas of
controlling trusts and monopolies. The
people have had enough of such control.
They are tired of trying to control. They
are ready for government ownership.
That a Populist senator should fall
into the ruts of the old parties on the
question of controlling monopolies, and
then claim that, as he "understands it,"
the old party plan is to become the pro
pramme of the Populist party, is an in
sult to the intelligence that. has built up
the party. But Senator Allen goes one
step farther: by inference he reads out of
the Populist party all those who do not
agree with or subscribe to his platform,
and that is adding injury to insult, as
the people "understand it."
Shelton, Neb. John Stebbins.
FUTURE
FINANCES
London Statist Discusses the President's
Eeoent Message.
PE0N0UN0ED A SOUND DOOUMEHT
Consequences of the Failure of Congress
' to Act Results of Fiee Coinage ,
of Silver and of Gold De
monetization, London, Feb. 1. The Statist will say
tomorrow: "President Cleveland's mes
sage appears to be wise and statesman
like. As the law stands it is quite clear
that a large sum could not be borrowed
in Europe, as there is doubt about the
president's ability to contract to pay
gold. This would be fatal to any pro
jected loan. Money can always be had
at a price, but the government of the
United States cannot act as if it was
bankrupt. Its credit would stand as
high as that of any country in the world
if congress would only do its duty. If
the present congress does not act, it ia
greatly (eared that it will be too late to
appeal to the new congress, as before it
can be called together a crisis will prob
ably have occurred. It is questioned
whether, under the existing conditions,
the president can even borrow at home.
The banks, in order to avert a panic,
may furnish him gold, but even then it is
questionable, when adoubt exists respect
ing payment in gold, if enough gold can
be got. In any case, mere borrowing will
not avail, as the experience of the past
year has Rhown that sooner or later
there must be a contraction of the cur
rency, or there would be a panic."
The Statist proceeds to discuss the con
sequences in the event, firstly, of gold
being demonetized; secondly, no legisla
tion whatever being arrived at; thirdly,
the effects of the free coinage of silver. -Then
the Statist remarks: "If gold is
demonetized it is perfectly clear that there
will be a great transfer of property from
the capitalists and lending classes to the
producing and borrowing classes. This
would be of immense advantage to the
west and south, and would prove a ser
ious loss to the eastern states and to
Europe.
RESULT OF A silver standard.
"Of course a great country like the
United States adopting a silver standard
would have great, influence on the whole
of the world, and silver would undoubt
edly rise, but it would be long before it
reached 60 pence. The great reduction
of debts all over the United States by a
fall of silver would give the farming a ad
producing classes generally a sense of
freedom and prosperity, which they have
not had for many years, and would prob
ably give a great stimulus to production.
If silver did not rise much for awhile,
American cotton, pork, etc., would com
pete with the product of other countries
at a very great advantage, and there
would probably be a very rapid and
great growth ot exports and the begin
ning of an era of great prosperity.
"On the other hand the lending and
creditor classes would suffer, aud their
losses would not affect production to
anything like the same extent as the
gains of the debtors and producers would
do. Further, there would be a very seri
ous fall in securities, which would injure
capitalists and lenders both in the United
and Lurope. If Congress refuses legis
lation, then gold would iro toaDreminin:
but probably not high. The tendency
would still be to benefit debtors and pro
ducers, and would injure capitalists and
lenders, while production and exports
would be stimulated, though not to a
great extent.
"Thirdly, if the mints were ooened for
free coinage, which would tend to make
the gold premium higher still, the premi
um would not be very high, and the re
duction of the debt and the losses of cap
italists would be small compared with
the demonetization of gold."
Summing up this review ot the financial
possibilities, the Statist represents the
west and south as being perfectly riirht
in their view that a change of the present
system would benefit their sections of
the union, "The effect of the change they
advocate woold be a tendency to trans
fer property by wholesale from the east
ana Europe to the west and south. In
fact, it would be a form of repudiation,
and it would lower the credit of the
United States, and prevent the free id flux
of European capital. In the future, prob
ably European capitalists will always in
sist upon the gold clause they will re
quire a clear contract that they will be
repaid in gold. In the event of gold de
monetization matters will right them
selves in the long run, but might be very
long, and another point is that a great
transfer of property would not act uni
formly. Debts falling due soon after the
change would be immensely reduced,
whereas, di'bts falling due later, when
silver has i sen, would be less reduced.
and 11 silver reached 60d, there would be
no reduction of debts whatever."
Governor Upham has found 200 peo
ple in destitute circumstances in the
vicinity of Grantaburg, Wis.